CN105117268B - A kind of installation method and system for realizing that Linux system is installed automatically - Google Patents
A kind of installation method and system for realizing that Linux system is installed automatically Download PDFInfo
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- CN105117268B CN105117268B CN201510617190.6A CN201510617190A CN105117268B CN 105117268 B CN105117268 B CN 105117268B CN 201510617190 A CN201510617190 A CN 201510617190A CN 105117268 B CN105117268 B CN 105117268B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of installation method and system for realizing that Linux system is installed automatically, and method includes: and to be set to cloud server terminal according to linux prototype system tools edition system, and there are also the installation kits of server edition system for cloud server terminal；Local device runs interim root file system from kernel file and temporary root file system mirror file in cloud server terminal in download tool edition system in the memory of local device accordingly；The first and second customizing script prestored in interim root file system is run to obtain shared formal root file system image file in cloud server terminal；Local device reads formal root file system image file, runs formal root file system in memory；Configuration file is searched in formal root file system and is read, to complete to install server edition system to local device, to realize the Linux system that automatic, batch installs local device from the installation kit of cloud server terminal downloading server edition system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to linux system fields, more particularly to a kind of installation method realizing Linux system and installing automatically
And system.
Background technique
Being currently, there are various ways may be implemented the production, deployment and detection of equipment, for example, additionally purchasing deployment facility
With software, dedicated installation and deployment tool are utilized.However, existing USB and CD-ROM drive installation are very high to the dependence of medium,
It is difficult to execute the work that batch is installed with disposed.The reason is that needing to replicate production USB flash disk or CD on different devices simultaneously, behaviour
Make complicated, inefficiency.The method of solution is only continuously increased the investment of human and material resources.
With the increasingly increase of Products shipment amount, multiple product lines also become increasingly abundant, and are carried out by manual mode
The installation of system can no longer meet the shipment speed of product.In addition to this, manual mode complete product it is pre-sales it is after sale installation,
Upgrading or the very easy error of maintenance.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing deficiencies of prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of realization Linux system is automatic
The installation method and system of installation enable the work such as production, maintenance or support to carry out by way of automation, reduce people
To intervene, purchase cost is reduced, improves working efficiency, and then meet the needs of mass production.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a kind of peace realizing Linux system and installing automatically
Dress method, comprising: according to linux prototype system tools edition system, wherein the tool edition system is for being set to cloud service
End, and the cloud server terminal is additionally provided with the installation kit of server edition system；Local device downloads institute from the cloud server terminal
The kernel file and temporary root file system mirror file in tool edition system are stated, and is run in the memory of local device accordingly
The interim root file system；The first customizing script for prestoring in the interim root file system is run to run the second customization foot
This is to obtain shared formal root file system image file in the cloud server terminal；Local device reads the formal root file
System image file, to run the formal root file system in its memory；It searches and matches in the formal root file system
File is set, the configuration file includes the parameter information and routing information for installing the installation kit of the server edition system；It reads
The configuration file downloads the installation kit of the server edition system, from the cloud server terminal accordingly to complete to local device
Server edition system is installed.
Optionally, first customizing script calls second customizing script for interrupting original execution program；Institute
The second customizing script is stated for obtaining shared formal root file system image file in the cloud server terminal, completes itself and local
The formal root file system is read in the mapping of the loop equipment of equipment accordingly.
It optionally, include temporary file system, real file system, kernel file and the version of customization in the installation kit
Information, includes third customizing script and the 4th customizing script in the temporary file system, during the third customizing script is used for
Break original execution program, calls the 4th customizing script, the 4th customizing script in the local device for building
The file system of vertical sever system.
Optionally, it is contacted after local device booting by PXE protocol and cloud server terminal foundation, is obtained by DHCP protocol
The IP address for taking local device downloads kernel file and interim root file system in the tool edition system by TFTP agreement
Image file.
In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides a kind of peace realizing Linux system and installing automatically
Dress system, comprising: production module, for according to linux prototype system tools edition system, wherein the tool edition system
For being set to cloud server terminal, and the cloud server terminal is additionally provided with the installation kit of server edition system；Download module, for local
Equipment from the kernel file downloaded in the cloud server terminal in the tool edition system and temporary root file system mirror file, and
The interim root file system is run in the memory of local device accordingly；Read module, for facing described in local device operation
When root file system in the first customizing script for prestoring it is shared to be obtained in the cloud server terminal to run the second customizing script
Formal root file system image file；Read the formal root file system image file, with run in its memory it is described just
Formula root file system；Searching module searches configuration file, the configuration for local device in the formal root file system
File includes the parameter information and routing information for installing the installation kit of the server edition system；Module is installed, is set for local
It is standby to read the configuration file, the installation kit of the server edition system is downloaded, from the cloud server terminal accordingly to complete to this
Ground equipment installs server edition system.
Optionally, first customizing script calls second customizing script for interrupting original execution program；Institute
The second customizing script is stated for obtaining shared formal root file system image file in the cloud server terminal, completes itself and local
The formal root file system is read in the mapping of the loop equipment of equipment accordingly.
It optionally, include temporary file system, real file system, kernel file and the version of customization in the installation kit
Information, includes third customizing script and the 4th customizing script in the temporary file system, during the third customizing script is used for
Break original execution program, calls the 4th customizing script, the 4th customizing script in the local device for building
The file system of vertical sever system.
Optionally, further includes: communication module, for being built after local device booting by PXE protocol and the cloud server terminal
Vertical connection, the IP address of local device is obtained by DHCP protocol, is downloaded in the tool edition system by TFTP agreement
Core file and temporary root file system mirror file.
As described above, a kind of installation method and system for realizing that Linux system is installed automatically of the invention, has following skill
Art effect:
1) can effectively carry out control management by establishing a unified cloud platform, it is ensured that the consistency of installation and
The convenience of maintenance.
2) unified cloud platform is used, is combined by PXE and Customization Tool edition system, effectively avoids manual intervention and people
Work intervenes caused fault, is adapted to carry out typical products in mass production the operation of automation installation system, saves human resources, mention
High working efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
The installation method flow chart that the realization Linux system that Fig. 1 is shown as in one embodiment of the invention is installed automatically.
The installation system module map that the realization Linux system that Fig. 2 is shown as in one embodiment of the invention is installed automatically.
Fig. 3 is shown as the os bibliographic structure schematic diagram in one embodiment of the invention.
Component label instructions
The installation system that 1 realization Linux system is installed automatically
11 production modules
12 download modules
13 read modules
14 searching modules
15 installation modules
S1~S6 step
Specific embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific specific example, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Other advantages and efficacy of the present invention can be easily understood for disclosed content.The present invention can also pass through in addition different specific realities
The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also based on different viewpoints and application, without departing from
Various modifications or alterations are carried out under spirit of the invention.It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, following embodiment and implementation
Feature in example can be combined with each other.
It should be noted that illustrating the basic structure that only the invention is illustrated in a schematic way provided in following embodiment
Think, only shown in schema then with related component in the present invention rather than component count, shape and size when according to actual implementation
Draw, when actual implementation kenel, quantity and the ratio of each component can arbitrarily change for one kind, and its assembly layout kenel
It is likely more complexity.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of installation method realizing Linux system and installing automatically of the invention, comprising:
Step S1: according to linux prototype system tools edition system, wherein the tool edition system is for being set to cloud
Server-side, and the cloud server terminal is additionally provided with the installation kit of server edition system.
Step S2: local device is from the kernel file and temporary root downloaded in the tool edition system in the cloud server terminal
File system mirror file, and the interim root file system is run in the memory of local device accordingly.In one embodiment,
It is contacted after local device booting by PXE protocol and cloud server terminal foundation, the IP of local device is obtained by DHCP protocol
Address downloads kernel file and temporary root file system mirror file in the tool edition system by TFTP agreement.
Step S3: the first customizing script prestored in the operation interim root file system come run the second customizing script with
Shared formal root file system image file is obtained in the cloud server terminal.In one embodiment, first customizing script
For interrupting original execution program, second customizing script is called；Second customizing script is used in the cloud service
End obtains shared formal root file system image file, and institute is read in the mapping for completing it with the loop equipment of local device accordingly
State formal root file system.
Step S4: local device reads the formal root file system image file, with run in its memory it is described just
Formula root file system.
Step S5: searching configuration file in the formal root file system, and the configuration file includes described in installation
The parameter information and routing information of the installation kit of server edition system.
Step S6: reading the configuration file, downloads the installation of the server edition system from the cloud server terminal accordingly
Packet, to complete to install server edition system to local device.It in one embodiment, include the interim text of customization in the installation kit
Part system, real file system, kernel file and version information include third customizing script and the in the temporary file system
Four customizing scripts, the third customizing script call the 4th customizing script for interrupting original execution program, and described the
Four customizing scripts are used to establish the file system of sever system in the local device.
Referring to Fig. 2, similarly with embodiment of the method principle, a kind of realization Linux system of the invention is installed automatically
Installation system 1, comprising: production module 11, download module 12, read module 13, searching module 14 and installation module 15.
It makes module 11 to be used for according to linux prototype system tools edition system, wherein the tool edition system is for setting
It is placed in cloud server terminal, and the cloud server terminal is additionally provided with the installation kit of server edition system.Download module 12 is set for local
It is standby from the kernel file downloaded in the cloud server terminal in the tool edition system and temporary root file system mirror file, and according to
To run the interim root file system in the memory of local device.Read module 13 is described interim for local device operation
The first customizing script prestored in root file system is shared just to run the second customizing script to obtain in the cloud server terminal
Formula root file system image file；The formal root file system image file is read, it is described formal to be run in its memory
Root file system.Searching module 14 searches configuration file, the configuration for local device in the formal root file system
File includes the parameter information and routing information for installing the installation kit of the server edition system.Installation module 15 is set for local
It is standby to read the configuration file, the installation kit of the server edition system is downloaded, from the cloud server terminal accordingly to complete to this
Ground equipment installs server edition system.
It will be detailed below implementation process of the invention:
Final purpose of the invention is the system for installing server version for local device, and server edition system includes:
It system file (initramfs-server, sys.tar.gz, vmlinuz-infoworks, UPDATE_VERSION) and answers
With file (app.tar.gz).Wherein, initramfs-server is the temporary file system of server edition system,
Sys.tar.gz is the real file system of server edition system, and vmlinuz-infoworks is kernel file, UPDATE_
VERSION is version information and md5 value.The installation of sever edition system is realized by the tool edition system of customization.
1. the production of tool edition system
1) a kind of linux distribution edition system is selected to be installed as prototype system.It, can be with after prototype system is installed
Necessary software package and tool are installed according to actual needs.Preferably, using redhat6.2 kernel version 3.14.23 as original
Type system.
2) start prototype system, the bibliographic structure of prototype system is synchronized to a temporary folder, can be excluded simultaneously
Living document, temporary file and other unnecessary files that prototype system generates when starting, it is therefore intended that reduce the work of production
Has the size of edition system.
3) temporary folder is compressed as the formal root of tool edition system using tool of compression (squashfs order)
File system mirror file infoworks.img.
4) the initrd.img image file of prototype system is unlocked, the first customizing script (init) and the second customization foot is added
This (rootify.sh), as the temporary root file system mirror file of tool edition system after repacking.First customizing script
For interrupting original execution program, the second customizing script is called.The function of second customizing script is discussed later in more detail.
5) using the kernel file of prototype system as the kernel file of tool edition system.
More than, tool edition system completes, comprising: formal root file system image file, interim root file system mirror
As file and kernel file.After completing, tool edition system is placed in cloud server terminal.
The production of server edition system is similar with the manufacturing process of tool edition system, is generated based on prototype system
Initramfs-server, sys.tar.gz, vmlinuz-infoworks file.Wherein, the production of initramfs-server
Process is specially that third customizing script and the 4th customizing script are added in the initrd.img image file of prototype system.Third
Customizing script calls the 4th customizing script for interrupting original execution program.4th customizing script is for decompressing
The file of sys.tar.gz initializes the interface etc. of application service, that is, establishes the file system of server system to corresponding catalogue.
2. cloud platform environmental structure
Cloud platform is the key that entire mass installation needs to configure to meet mass, automation installation
Syslinux, DHCP, TFTP, NFS, FTP and starting corresponding with service.Cloud platform be preferably based on redhat customization system (with
It is referred to as Infoworks down), it is compiled install by syslinux-6.0.3.tar.gz first, and use/usr/share/
Syslinux/pxelinux.0 as production guidance file, pxelinux.0 is copied to/tftpboot/ catalogue under, while
Pxelinux.cfg catalogue is created under the catalogue, which stores network startup configuration file, be named as default, therein
Content can be modified according to demand.The initrd.img file of kernel file (vmlinuz), customization in tool edition system is multiple
Make/tftpboot/ under, system service firewall and selinux are closed, the following are the reference configurations of default:
default linux
timeout 0
label linux
menu label^Boot Infoworks LiveCD
menu default
kernel vmlinuz
Append initrd=initrd.img root=/dev/loop1rd.luks=0rd.lvm=0rd.md=
0rd.dm=0quietloglevel=0vga=794nfs_root=172.17.4.235:/hom e/img
#nfs_root is the nfs share directory of server
Infoworks has existed DHCP service, need to only modify the associated profile in network server, compiles
Volume/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf file, wherein the range of IP address can according to need the equipment of batch production to be arranged,
This example assumes the installation for once carrying out 10 equipment, with reference to as follows:
subnet 172.17.4.235netmask 255.255.255.0{
range dynamic-bootp 172.17.4.219172.17.4.230；# distributes ip address range
option domain-name-servers 172.17.4.1；
option routers 172.17.4.1
option broadcast-address 255.255.255.255；
default-lease-time 600；
max-lease-time 7200；
filename"pxelinux.0"；The bootstrap that # is transmitted by tftp is placed directly under tftp service catalogue
next-server 172.17.4.235；The address # server ip
}
./etc/init.d/dhcpd restart is executed to come into force.
Download tftp-server-5.2.1.el6.rfx.x86_64.rpm, installation, modification/etc/xinetd.d/tftp/
It is as follows:
Server_args=-s/tftpboot-c//- s, indicate use/tftpboot as tftp catalogue root.
Disable=no
Service xinetd restart is executed after modification makes configuration take-effective.
Infoworks system has contained nfs, it is only necessary to by ordering service/etc/init.d/nfs start
Service/etc/init.d/rpcbind start, can be true by editor/etc/exports file after unlatching come the service of opening
Determine share directory and corresponding authority, while copying Infoworks.img to nfs catalogue, the setting of nfs catalogue is following only for ginseng
It examines:
/home/img*(ro,sync)
So far cloud platform builds completion.
3. tool edition system starts
When local device is switched on, the PXE client being pre-stored in network interface card ROM is called in memory and executed by BIOS, with cloud service
Communication is established at end, and the IP address of local device is obtained by dhcp agreement, by the kernel of the tool edition system in cloud server terminal
File and temporary root file system mirror file are downloaded by tftp, and temporary root file is run in the memory of local device
System,
Specifically: temporary root file system mirror file is read, the first customizing script is executed, calls the second customizing script.
Second customizing script, which executes, completes following steps: obtaining the IP address of cloud server terminal, by dhcp with nfs shared file catalogue
Mode obtains the formal root file system image file of tool edition system in cloud server terminal, reads the root in formal root file system
Catalogue；The loop equipment in temporary root file system directories is searched, by losetup tool by infoworks.img and loop
Equipment is associated, and then searches the configuration file in formal root file system.
In order to realize batch automatically installation system, then need in advance to be ready to all parameters, and in a fixation
Position these parameters are passed into installation procedure.Installation procedure goes to obtain mount message, configuration text by reading configuration file
Part information correctness determines whether installation installs success.Configuration file name is " auto_install.conf ", is stored in just
Under formula root file system catalogue /opt/produce in, automatic installation procedure is stored in/opt/produce catalogue.When starting is pacified
When filling program, " auto_install.conf " file can be searched under current directory, if it is found, then therefrom reading parameter.Such as
Fruit is not found, although file found, any one parameter configuration error all moves back the installation procedure made
Out, and error messages are printed.Although any one of required resource can not representated by parameter secondly, configuration parameter is correct
, it also will be so that installation procedure exits.Preferably, using Key-Value mode configuration parameter, example is as follows:
#auto_install.conf configuration parameter
SOURCE_ROOT=/mnt/auto_install# indicates installation source root address, can be the address FTP, can also be with
It is http address and local address, it is necessary to be absolute address.
OS_VERSION=3.10.14.2030# obtains system file by combination S OURC_ROOT/os/OS_VERSION
Address, if this for sky, then it represents that operating system is not installed.
APP_VERSION=AnyShare/5.056.800
# obtains the address of application by combination S OURCE_ROOT/APPS/APP_VERSION.
4. installation process
It should be noted that installation source is the place for obtaining operating system installation kit and application installation package data.One
In embodiment, by installation source through nfs carry under/mnt/auto_install catalogue, unified principle is with specified source
For the root for obtaining installation kit.Operating system creates the directory name run after fame with version under " os " catalogue under the catalogue, and
The associated documents of this version, packet etc. are placed under the catalogue, bibliographic structure can be found in Fig. 3.Product is then placed on
The catalogue " apps " parallel with os, and put under this catalogue with the entitled directory name of product, and with the entitled mesh of version under it
It records name and generates catalogue, configuration relevant to this version, script, product packet etc. are placed under it.
Realize that the process flow of installation is as follows based on tool edition system:
1) tool edition system storage starting script " osinit.sh " under/opt/produce catalogue, application program exists
" appinit.sh " script is stored under apphome catalogue.
2) osinit.sh is called automatically when system starts, and install_grub.sh is called by osinit.sh, to disk
It is formatted, grub file is installed, disk is divided into the area Liang Ge with grub_install script.
3) parameter and position that auto_install.conf obtains installation file are read, the packet under system packet catalogue is copied
Under shellfish to first disk directory, while appinit.sh also executes corresponding operation.
4) osinit.sh will successively call detection script after appinit.sh completion, upon completion of the assays, delete institute
There is detection script, restarts system.
5) sys.tar.gz, app.tar.gz are solved by the initramfs-server of customization in restarting process
Press operation, forms final file system, and whole installation process terminates.
In conclusion the present invention realizes the installation method installed automatically of Linux system and system, can be realized automation,
Mass installation is not necessarily to the intervention of manpower whole process, and installation effectiveness is high, error probability is small, effectively overcomes in the prior art various
Disadvantage and have high industrial utilization value.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any ripe
The personage for knowing this technology all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, carries out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, institute is complete without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art such as
At all equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of installation method realizing Linux system and installing automatically characterized by comprising
According to linux prototype system tools edition system, wherein the tool edition system is for being set to cloud server terminal, and institute
State the installation kit that cloud server terminal is additionally provided with server edition system；
Local device is from the kernel file downloaded in the tool edition system in the cloud server terminal and interim root file system mirror
As file, and the interim root file system is run in the memory of local device accordingly；
The first customizing script for prestoring in the interim root file system is run to run the second customizing script to take in the cloud
Business end obtains shared formal root file system image file；
Local device reads the formal root file system image file, to run the formal root file system in its memory
System；
Configuration file is searched in the formal root file system, the configuration file includes installing the server edition system
The parameter information and routing information of installation kit；
The configuration file is read, downloads the installation kit of the server edition system from the cloud server terminal accordingly, to complete pair
Local device installs server edition system.
2. the installation method according to claim 1 realizing Linux system and installing automatically, which is characterized in that described first
Customizing script calls second customizing script for interrupting original execution program；Second customizing script is used in institute
It states cloud server terminal and obtains shared formal root file system image file, complete the mapping evidence of itself and the loop equipment of local device
To read the formal root file system.
3. the installation method according to claim 1 realizing Linux system and installing automatically, which is characterized in that the installation
It include temporary file system, real file system, kernel file and the version information of customization in packet, in the temporary file system
Including third customizing script and the 4th customizing script, the third customizing script calls institute for interrupting original execution program
The 4th customizing script is stated, the 4th customizing script is used to establish the file system of sever system in the local device.
4. the installation method according to claim 1 realizing Linux system and installing automatically, which is characterized in that local device
It is contacted after booting by PXE protocol and cloud server terminal foundation, the IP address of local device is obtained by DHCP protocol, is passed through
TFTP agreement downloads kernel file and temporary root file system mirror file in the tool edition system.
5. a kind of installation system realizing Linux system and installing automatically characterized by comprising
Module is made, for according to linux prototype system tools edition system, wherein the tool edition system is for being set to
Cloud server terminal, and the cloud server terminal is additionally provided with the installation kit of server edition system；
Download module, for local device from the kernel file downloaded in the cloud server terminal in the tool edition system and temporarily
Root file system image file, and the interim root file system is run in the memory of local device accordingly；
Read module runs the first customizing script prestored in the interim root file system for local device to run second
Customizing script is to obtain shared formal root file system image file in the cloud server terminal；Read the formal root file system
System image file, to run the formal root file system in its memory；
Searching module searches configuration file for local device in the formal root file system, and the configuration file includes
The parameter information and routing information of the installation kit of the server edition system are installed；
Module is installed, reads the configuration file for local device, accordingly from described server editions of cloud server terminal downloading
The installation kit of system, to complete to install server edition system to local device.
6. the installation system according to claim 5 realizing Linux system and installing automatically, which is characterized in that described first
Customizing script calls second customizing script for interrupting original execution program；Second customizing script is used in institute
It states cloud server terminal and obtains shared formal root file system image file, complete the mapping evidence of itself and the loop equipment of local device
To read the formal root file system.
7. the installation system according to claim 5 realizing Linux system and installing automatically, which is characterized in that the installation
It include temporary file system, real file system, kernel file and the version information of customization in packet, in the temporary file system
Including third customizing script and the 4th customizing script, the third customizing script calls institute for interrupting original execution program
The 4th customizing script is stated, the 4th customizing script is used to establish the file system of sever system in the local device.
8. the installation system according to claim 5 realizing Linux system and installing automatically, which is characterized in that further include: it is logical
Believe module, for contacting after local device booting by PXE protocol and cloud server terminal foundation, this is obtained by DHCP protocol
The IP address of ground equipment downloads kernel file and temporary root file system mirror in the tool edition system by TFTP agreement
File.
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| CN103984575A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-08-13 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Rapid deployment method of cluster Linux operation system in cloud-computing environment |
| CN104932919A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-09-23 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Linux unattended installation implementation method |
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2015
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102833344A (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2012-12-19 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Local boot mapping file-based diskless computer boot method |
| CN103077043A (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2013-05-01 | 上海爱数软件有限公司 | Method for fast starting and operating Linux |
| CN103984575A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-08-13 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Rapid deployment method of cluster Linux operation system in cloud-computing environment |
| CN104932919A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-09-23 | 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 | Linux unattended installation implementation method |
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