CN105116295B - It is a kind of that overhead line fault distance-finding method is directly matched somebody with somebody based on the calibration of traveling wave mutation distance - Google Patents
It is a kind of that overhead line fault distance-finding method is directly matched somebody with somebody based on the calibration of traveling wave mutation distance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Overhead line fault distance-finding method is directly matched somebody with somebody based on the calibration of traveling wave mutation distance the present invention relates to a kind of, belongs to Relay Protection Technology in Power System field.When singlephase earth fault occurs for direct distribution lines, under sample rate 1MHz, fault feeder and the adjacent most long faulted phase current for perfecting feeder line initiating terminal are sampled, busbar terminal voltage traveling wave is obtained by adjacent most long feeder line initiating terminal current traveling wave and its wave impedance of perfecting, and most long perfected the current traveling wave that feeder line origin or beginning current traveling wave and fault feeder measuring end obtain using adjacent and calculated construction current traveling wave.It asks for being distributed along the voltage traveling wave of measuring end using obtained voltage traveling wave and current traveling wave and current traveling wave is distributed along the line, then Directional Decomposition is carried out to being distributed along traveling wave, obtain the direction traveling wave being distributed along the line, and extract the direct wave mutation being distributed along the line and backward-travelling wave mutation, finally by the two be multiplied then at traveling wave observe when window in integrated to construct range function realization fault localization.Theory analysis and simulation result show that this method works well.
Description
Technical field
The present invention for it is a kind of based on the calibration of traveling wave mutation distance directly with overhead line fault distance-finding method, belong to electric system after
Electric protection technical field.
Background technology
Under definite Power Network Neutral, power network topology and busbar outlet connection type, protection installation place is surveyed
The time domain traveling wave ripple of point reflects traveling wave attribute to moment, wave head (mutation) amplitude and polarity, containing fault location information, it with it is former
There is corresponding relation in barrier position, and the initial traveling wave of time-domain transient, trouble point back wave or the opposite end that can utilize single-ended observation are anti-
Ejected wave ripple arrival time difference carries out Single Terminal Traveling Wave Fault Location, and the initial traveling wave traveling wave of failure observed using both-end reaches the bilateral absolute moment
Difference, carry out both-end travelling wave ranging.The identification of trouble point back wave and examination are more complicated in Single Terminal Traveling Wave Fault Location method, to traveling wave width
Value, steepness are more demanding.Both-end travelling wave ranging does not need to recognize trouble point back wave, conveniently forms the machine of travelling wave ranging
Device is realized and automation, but both-end travelling wave ranging requirement circuit both ends cycle accurate is synchronous, requirement participates in what fault distance calculated
Line length engineering exhales title value l, and close to its " true value ", unavoidably there are objective range errors.In any case, current row
Ripple distance measuring method is based on fault traveling wave temporal signatures and in being observed, portray and wave head mark to traveling wave on time shaft mostly
Fixed and fault distance calculating.Therefore, it is badly in need of proposing a kind of new fault distance-finding method, it is effective from fault traveling wave wave head
Recognize the influence to fault location accuracy synchronous with ranging cycle accurate.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcome conventional Time-domain travelling wave ranging requirement fault traveling wave effectively identification and ranging cycle accurate
Synchronous limitation, proposition is a kind of directly to match somebody with somebody overhead line fault distance-finding method based on the calibration of traveling wave mutation distance, on solving
State problem.
The technical scheme is that：It is a kind of that overhead line fault distance-finding method is directly matched somebody with somebody based on the calibration of traveling wave mutation distance,
When singlephase earth fault occurs for direct distribution lines, under sample rate 1MHz, to fault feeder and adjacent most long perfect feeder line initiating terminal
Faulted phase current sampled, obtain busbar end electricity by adjacent most long feeder line initiating terminal current traveling wave and its wave impedance of perfecting
Traveling wave is pressed, structure is calculated using the adjacent most long current traveling wave for perfecting feeder line origin or beginning current traveling wave and the acquisition of fault feeder measuring end
Make current traveling wave；Distribution and current traveling wave along the voltage traveling wave of measuring end are asked for using obtained voltage traveling wave and current traveling wave
It is distributed along the line, then carries out Directional Decomposition to being distributed along traveling wave, obtain the direction traveling wave being distributed along the line, and be distributed along extraction
Direct wave mutation and backward-travelling wave mutation, finally by the two be multiplied then at traveling wave observe when window in integrated to construct survey
Fault localization is realized away from function.
It is as follows：
(1) when singlephase earth fault occurs for direct distribution lines, under sample rate 1MHz, to the faulted phase current of fault feeder and
The adjacent most long feeder line initiating terminal faulted phase current that perfects is sampled, and is respectively obtained faulted phase current sampled value sequence, is denoted as：i
(k), i ' (k), wherein k expression sampled point, k=1,2 ...；
(2) busbar terminal voltage is obtained according to formula (1) and formula (2) respectively and constructs the discrete series u of current traveling waveM(k) and iM
(k)：
uM(k)=i ' (k) × Zc (1)
iM(k)=i (k)-i ' (k) (2)
In formula, uM(k) terminal voltage for being busbar M, iM(k) the construction current traveling wave of fault feeder, ZcFor feeder line wave impedance；
(3) calculating of distribution along：Calculate voltage's distribiuting and the edge along the line of fault feeder respectively using formula (3) and formula (4)
Line current is distributed：
In formula, x is any point along the line to the distance of measuring end；vsFor the wave velocity of circuit；ZcFor feeder line wave impedance；rs
For circuit resistance per unit length；uM(k) terminal voltage for being busbar M；iM(k) it is the construction current traveling wave of fault feeder；uM,x(x,k)
It it is the k moment away from the voltage at measuring end x；iM,x(x, k) is the k moment away from the electric current at measuring end x；
(4) direct wave and backward-travelling wave being distributed along the line are calculated：Fault feeder is calculated according to formula (5) and formula (6) respectively
The forward voltage traveling wave being distributed along the line, the backward voltage traveling wave being distributed along the line, i.e.,：
u+ M,x=(uM,x+ZciM,x)/2 (5)
u- M,x=(uM,x-ZciM,x)/2 (6)
(5) calculating of the direct wave gradient and backward-travelling wave gradient of distribution along：Utilize the forward voltage being distributed along the line
The forward voltage gradient that the difference construction of the two neighboring sampled value of traveling wave is distributed along the line, i.e.,：
c+ M,dif_u(k)=u+ k,x(k)-u+ k,x(k-1) (7)
The backward voltage ladder being distributed along the line using the difference construction for the two neighboring sampled value of backward voltage traveling wave being distributed along the line
Degree, i.e.,：
c- M,dif_u(k)=u- k,x(k)-u- k,x(k-1) (8)
(6) the direct wave mutation being distributed along the line and backward-travelling wave mutation are calculated：It is extracted according to formula (9) along faulty line
The forward voltage traveling wave mutation of distribution, i.e.,：
It extracts the backward voltage traveling wave being distributed along faulty line according to formula (10) to be mutated, i.e.,：
In formula, R is taken as 3；
(7) construction of range function：Using formula (11) and formula (12), direct wave mutation that step (6) is obtained and anti-
Multiplication and window [k when traveling wave is observed are mutated to traveling wave0,k0+l/(2vs)] and [k0+l/(2vs),k0+l/vs] in accumulated
Point, obtain range function fuI(x) and fuII(x) traveling wave mutation along；
In formula, k0Represent the initial traveling wave arrival moment of failure that measuring end M is detected；L is fault feeder line length；
(8) construction of fault location criterion：[k is calculated according to step (7)0,k0+l/(2vs)] and [k0+l/(2vs),
k0+l/vs] two in succession when window in, range function fuI(x) and fuII(x) distribution catastrophe point, respective distances are remembered respectively along
For [xI1,xI2...] and [xII1,xII2... ...], if [xI1,xI2...] and in mutation distance x* I[xII1,xII2,……]
In mutation distance x* IIMeet the line length constraints shown in formula (13), and x* IMutation point-polarity be negative, x* IICatastrophe point
Polarity is negative, x* ICatastrophe point amplitude be less than x* IICatastrophe point amplitude, then failure be located at half line length within, trouble point distance measurements
The distance for surveying end is x* I；If [xI1,xI2...] and in mutation distance x* I[xII1,xII2...] and in mutation distance x* IIIt is full
Line length constraints shown in sufficient formula (13), and x* IMutation point-polarity be negative, x* IIMutation point-polarity be negative, x* IMutation
Point amplitude is more than x* IICatastrophe point amplitude, then failure be located at outside half line length, the distance at trouble point distance measuring end is x* II；
x* I+x* II=l (13).
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
For the present invention for directly fault location is carried out with overhead transmission line, principle is simple, does not need calibration fault traveling wave ripple wave head,
And from the influence of the factors such as failure instantaneity, fault resistance variation, distance measurement result is accurately and reliably.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is embodiment 1, the straight of embodiment 2 matches somebody with somebody overhead system structure chart；
Fig. 2 is [k within half line length under failure0,k0+L1/(2vs)] when window in range function fu(x) mutation distribution knot
Fruit；
Fig. 3 is [k within half line length under failure0+L1/(2vs),k0+L1/vs] when window in range function fu(x) mutation distribution
As a result；
Fig. 4 is [k outside half line length under failure0,k0+L1/(2vs)] when window in range function fu(x) mutation distribution knot
Fruit；
Fig. 5 is [k outside half line length under failure0+L1/(2vs),k0+L1/vs] when window in range function fu(x) mutation distribution
As a result.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
When singlephase earth fault occurs for direct distribution lines, under sample rate 1MHz, to fault feeder and adjacent most long sound feedback
The faulted phase current of line initiating terminal is sampled, and is obtained by adjacent most long feeder line initiating terminal current traveling wave and its wave impedance of perfecting
Busbar terminal voltage traveling wave, and utilize the adjacent most long electric current row for perfecting feeder line origin or beginning current traveling wave and fault feeder measuring end and obtaining
Ripple calculates construction current traveling wave.It asks for being distributed along the voltage traveling wave of measuring end using obtained voltage traveling wave and current traveling wave
It is distributed with along current traveling wave, then carries out Directional Decomposition to being distributed along traveling wave, obtained the direction traveling wave being distributed along the line, and carry
The direct wave that is distributed along the line is taken to be mutated and backward-travelling wave mutation, finally by the two be multiplied then at traveling wave observe when window in accumulate
Divide to construct range function realization fault localization.
Embodiment 1：
Circuit is fed out using 35kV as shown in Figure 1 directly with overhead system, fault feeder L more1=20km, and its whole story two
The connection type for the combination of " I-III " class busbar is held, measuring end is arranged at beginning M.Perfect feeder line L2=5km, L3=15km, and it is strong
Full line end is group iii busbar connection type.Assuming that feeder line L1A phases occur within half line length at distance M end 8km and are grounded event
Barrier, the initial phase angle of failure are 90 °, and transition resistance is set to 0.01 Ω, sample rate 1MHz, using voltage traveling wave and construction electric current row
Ripple, along the line material calculation take 0.1km, window [k when choosing two successive traveling waves observation respectively0,k0+L1/(2vs)] and [k0+L1/
(2vs),k0+L1/vs] expert's wave number evidence, it can be calculated range function fuI(x) and fuII(x) along completely long traveling wave mutation distribution
As shown in Figures 2 and 3.As shown in Figure 2, [k0,k0+l/(2vs)] when window in, fuI(x) catastrophe point A (x)=8km, and polarity is
It is negative；From the figure 3, it may be seen that [k0+l/(2vs),k0+l/vs] when window in, fuII(x) catastrophe point B (x)=12km, and polarity is negative.Cause
For A (x)+B (x)=8+12=20km, meet the line length constraints shown in formula (13), and the amplitude of A (x) is less than the width of B (x)
Value, so failure is located within half line length, the distance of trouble point distance measuring end M is 8km.
Embodiment 2：
Circuit is fed out using 35kV as shown in Figure 1 directly with overhead system, fault feeder L more1=20km, and its whole story two
The connection type for the combination of " I-III " class busbar is held, measuring end is arranged at beginning M.Perfect feeder line L2=5km, L3=15km, and it is strong
Full line end is group iii busbar connection type.Assuming that feeder line L1A phases occur outside half line length at distance M end 14km to be grounded
Failure, the initial phase angle of failure are 90 °, and transition resistance is set to 0.01 Ω, sample rate 1MHz, using voltage traveling wave and construction electric current
Traveling wave, along the line material calculation take 0.1km, window [k when choosing two successive traveling waves observation respectively0,k0+L1/(2vs)] and [k0+
L1/(2vs),k0+L1/vs] expert's wave number evidence, it can be calculated range function fuI(x) and fuII(x) along completely long traveling wave mutation point
Cloth is as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.As shown in Figure 4, [k0,k0+l/(2vs)] when window in, fuI(x) catastrophe point B (x)=6km, and polarity
It is negative；As shown in Figure 5, [k0+l/(2vs),k0+l/vs] when window in, fuII(x) catastrophe point A (x)=14km, and polarity is negative.
Because A (x)+B (x)=14+6=20km, meet the line length constraints shown in formula (13), and the amplitude of B (x) is more than A's (x)
Amplitude, so failure is located at outside half line length, the distance of trouble point distance measuring end M is 14km.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of directly match somebody with somebody overhead line fault distance-finding method based on the calibration of traveling wave mutation distance, it is characterised in that：Direct distribution lines are sent out
It is mutually electric with the adjacent most long failure for perfecting feeder line initiating terminal to fault feeder under sample rate 1MHz during raw singlephase earth fault
Stream is sampled, and busbar terminal voltage traveling wave, profit are obtained by adjacent most long feeder line initiating terminal current traveling wave and its wave impedance of perfecting
Construction electric current row is calculated with the adjacent most long current traveling wave for perfecting feeder line origin or beginning current traveling wave and the acquisition of fault feeder measuring end
Ripple；It asks for being distributed along the voltage traveling wave of measuring end using obtained voltage traveling wave and current traveling wave and current traveling wave divides along the line
Then cloth carries out Directional Decomposition to being distributed along traveling wave, obtain the direction traveling wave being distributed along the line, and extract the forward direction being distributed along the line
Traveling wave be mutated and backward-travelling wave mutation, finally by the two be multiplied then at traveling wave observe when window in integrated to construct range function
Realize fault localization.
2. according to claim 1 directly match somebody with somebody overhead line fault distance-finding method, feature based on the calibration of traveling wave mutation distance
It is to be as follows：
(1) when singlephase earth fault occurs for direct distribution lines, under sample rate 1MHz, faulted phase current to fault feeder and adjacent
The most long feeder line initiating terminal faulted phase current that perfects is sampled, and is respectively obtained faulted phase current sampled value sequence, is denoted as：i(k)、
I ' (k), wherein k expression sampled point, k=1,2 ...；
(2) busbar terminal voltage is obtained according to formula (1) and formula (2) respectively and constructs the discrete series u of current traveling waveM(k) and iM(k)：
uM(k)=i ' (k) × Zc (1)
iM(k)=i (k)-i ' (k) (2)
In formula, uM(k) terminal voltage for being busbar M, iM(k) the construction current traveling wave of fault feeder, ZcFor feeder line wave impedance；
(3) calculating of distribution along：Calculated respectively using formula (3) and formula (4) fault feeder along voltage's distribiuting and along the line electricity
Flow distribution：
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In formula, x is any point along the line to the distance of measuring end；vsFor the wave velocity of circuit；ZcFor feeder line wave impedance；rsFor line
Road resistance per unit length；uM(k) terminal voltage for being busbar M；iM(k) it is the construction current traveling wave of fault feeder；uM,x(x, k) is k
Moment is away from the voltage at measuring end x；iM,x(x, k) is the k moment away from the electric current at measuring end x；
(4) direct wave and backward-travelling wave being distributed along the line are calculated：It is calculated respectively along fault feeder according to formula (5) and formula (6)
The forward voltage traveling wave of distribution, the backward voltage traveling wave being distributed along the line, i.e.,：
u+ M,x=(uM,x+ZciM,x)/2 (5)
u- M,x=(uM,x-ZciM,x)/2 (6)
(5) calculating of the direct wave gradient and backward-travelling wave gradient of distribution along：Utilize the forward voltage traveling wave being distributed along the line
The forward voltage gradient that the difference construction of two neighboring sampled value is distributed along the line, i.e.,：
c+ M,dif_u(k)=u+ k,x(k)-u+ k,x(k-1) (7)
The backward voltage gradient being distributed along the line using the difference construction for the two neighboring sampled value of backward voltage traveling wave being distributed along the line,
I.e.：
c- M,dif_u(k)=u- k,x(k)-u- k,x(k-1) (8)
(6) the direct wave mutation being distributed along the line and backward-travelling wave mutation are calculated：It is extracted according to formula (9) and is distributed along faulty line
Forward voltage traveling wave mutation, i.e.,：
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It extracts the backward voltage traveling wave being distributed along faulty line according to formula (10) to be mutated, i.e.,：
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In formula, R is taken as 3；
(7) construction of range function：Using formula (11) and formula (12), the direct wave mutation that step (6) is obtained and reversed row
Ripple mutation is multiplied and window [k when traveling wave is observed0,k0+l/(2vs)] and [k0+l/(2vs),k0+l/vs] in integrated,
Obtain range function fuI(x) and fuII(x) traveling wave mutation along；
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In formula, k0Represent the initial traveling wave arrival moment of failure that measuring end M is detected；L is fault feeder line length；
(8) construction of fault location criterion：[k is calculated according to step (7)0,k0+l/(2vs)] and [k0+l/(2vs),k0+l/
vs] two in succession when window in, range function fuI(x) and fuII(x) distribution catastrophe point, respective distances are denoted as respectively along
[xI1,xI2...] and [xII1,xII2... ...], if [xI1,xI2...] and in mutation distance x* I[xII1,xII2...] in
Mutation distance x* IIMeet the line length constraints shown in formula (13), and x* IMutation point-polarity be negative, x* IIMutation point pole
Property is negative, x* ICatastrophe point amplitude be less than x* IICatastrophe point amplitude, then failure be located at half line length within, trouble point distance measuring
The distance at end is x* I；If [xI1,xI2...] and in mutation distance x* I[xII1,xII2...] and in mutation distance x* IIMeet
Line length constraints shown in formula (13), and x* IMutation point-polarity be negative, x* IIMutation point-polarity be negative, x* ICatastrophe point
Amplitude is more than x* IICatastrophe point amplitude, then failure be located at outside half line length, the distance at trouble point distance measuring end is x* II；
x* I+x* II=l (13).
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| CN105548802B (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2019-02-19 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of asynchronous fault distance-finding method in three end of T link based on distribution character along fault traveling wave |
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| CN109739215B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2021-05-04 | 济南大学 | Method for realizing fault initial angle control and automatic traversal in PSCAD |
| EP3723224B1 (en) | 2019-04-08 | 2023-08-23 | Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG | Time domain distance protection based on polarity comparison for power transmission lines |
| CN113406436B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-08-26 | 山东大学 | Traveling wave fault location method and system for alternating-current and direct-current transmission line based on 5G communication |
| CN113466623B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-04-19 | 华中科技大学 | Traction network fault location method, system and medium based on transient sudden change current |
| CN115047284A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-09-13 | 昆明理工大学 | Fault distance measuring method and system for high-voltage direct-current transmission line |
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