CN105115083B - 重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***及冷水机组 - Google Patents

重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***及冷水机组 Download PDF

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CN105115083B
CN105115083B CN201510596481.1A CN201510596481A CN105115083B CN 105115083 B CN105115083 B CN 105115083B CN 201510596481 A CN201510596481 A CN 201510596481A CN 105115083 B CN105115083 B CN 105115083B
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CN105115083A (zh
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张卫星
张宗勤
田俊
袁祎
王凌云
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Nanjing Canatal Data Centre Environmental Tech Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
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    • F25B23/00—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect
    • F25B23/006—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect boiling cooling systems
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
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    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/025—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes having non-capillary condensate return means
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    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0266—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
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    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
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    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
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    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
    • H05K7/208—Liquid cooling with phase change
    • H05K7/20827—Liquid cooling with phase change within rooms for removing heat from cabinets, e.g. air conditioning devices
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***及冷水机组，冷水机组设有冷水管道，蓄冷***包括重力热管和蓄冷池，重力热管的下端连接设置在蓄冷池中，重力热管的上端设置在冷凝换热装置中，还包括换热管，换热管埋设在地下，换热管包括进流管和回流管。进流管和回流管的上端分别通过绝热管联通冷凝换热装置的进口和出口，本发明的重力热管式冷源蓄冷***冷水机组，利用重力热管式冷源蓄冷***为冷水机组提供蓄冷***，且本发明的重力热管式冷源蓄冷***利用换热管为重力热管提供冷源，换热管能够充分利用钻孔井内的热交换面积，使换热管与井壁保持大面积的接触，有效提高换热管的吸冷效率。

Description

重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***及冷水机组
技术领域
本发明涉及一种重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***及冷水机组。
背景技术
现有技术中，数据中心对冷水机组持续制冷能力要求比较高，当外部电源断电后，UPS可以用于IT设备供电，一般无法给同样耗电巨大的空调设备进行供电，但是可以给风机、水泵等功耗小的设备进行供电。此外，数据中心为解决蓄冷事宜，在水***中增设大型蓄冷罐，体积庞大，占据空间巨大，给保温工作，承重工作带来麻烦；并且这种***并不能节能。出于断电后提供冷量的角度以及减少蓄冷设备体积的角度考虑。
因此，需要一种新的蓄冷***以解决上述问题。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明针对现有技术中冷水机组的缺陷，提供一种节能高效的重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***及冷水机组，有效利用了自然冷源并能持续供给冷源。
技术方案：为解决上述技术问题，本发明的重力热管式冷源蓄冷***采用如下技术方案：一种冷水机组重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***，所述冷水机组设有冷水管道，所述蓄冷***包括重力热管、蓄冷池、冷凝换热装置中；所述换热管埋设在地下，所述换热管包括进流管和回流管，所述进流管和回流管的上端分别通过绝热管联通所述冷凝换热装置的进口和出口，所述进流管的外壁与所述回流管的外壁连接，所述进流管与所述回流管相互平行，所述进流管包括4个横截面为圆形的管子，所述回流管的横截面由第一弧、第二弧、第三弧和第四弧依次首尾相接而成，其中，第二弧和第四弧为S形弧，第一弧的半径大于第三弧的半径，所述第一弧和第三弧的圆心均位于所述回流管的横截面内，所述进流管围绕所述第三弧设置。
更进一步的，所述进流管的横截面面积均相等。
更进一步的，所述进流管的横截面的面积总和大于所述回流管的横截面面积。
更进一步的，所述换热管整体外直径为80±0.5mm，所述回流管和所述外侧管的管壁厚度均为3±0.5mm。
更进一步的，所述回流管靠近地面的一端内壁绝热或在其内壁设置绝热管套。
更进一步的，所述回流管的截面积为所述进流管截面积之和的50-60%。
更进一步的，所述冷媒是水、乙二醇水溶液、30％～45%的氯化钙水溶液、或者是含20%～40%十水合硫酸钠和15%～25%三水合醋酸钠的水溶液，或者是含20%～40%十水合硫酸钠和15%～30%氯化钙的水溶液。
此蓄冷介质具有5～20℃下相变温度，从而在温度较高的环境下有效利用其相变潜热。
更进一步的，所述冷凝换热装置为水冷装置、风冷装置或者喷淋蒸发冷凝换热装置。可以利用本发明的换热管实现对重力式热管的各种冷却方式。其中，水冷装置只需一个冷水池即可实现。
有益效果：本发明的重力热管式冷源蓄冷***利用换热管为重力热管提供冷源，换热管能够充分利用钻孔井内的热交换面积，使换热管与井壁保持大面积的接触，有效提高换热管的吸冷效率。
本发明还公开了一种重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***冷水机组，包括如权利要求1-7任一项所述的重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***，所述蓄冷池与冷水机组并联。
更进一步的，所述蓄冷池通过三通阀连接冷水机组。此种设计可简单方便实现控制介质从冷水机组或者蓄冷池通过。
有益效果：本发明的重力热管式冷源蓄冷***冷水机组，利用重力热管式冷源蓄冷***为冷水机组提供蓄冷***，且本发明的重力热管式冷源蓄冷***利用换热管为重力热管提供冷源，换热管能够充分利用钻孔井内的热交换面积，使换热管与井壁保持大面积的接触，有效提高换热管的吸冷效率。
附图说明
图1 本发明的重力热管式重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***的结构示意图；
图2本发明的重力热管的结构示意图；
图3本发明的换热管的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例，进一步阐明本发明，应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。
请参阅图1、图2和图3所示，本发明的重力热管式冷源蓄冷***，蓄冷***应用于冷水机组上。冷水机组设有冷水管道，包括重力热管5、蓄冷池4、冷凝换热装置3和换热管，蓄冷池的进口和出口与冷水机组的冷水管道并联连接，并通过控制阀实现接入或断开；重力热管为分离式热管，其蒸发段设在蓄冷池4中，冷凝段则设在冷凝换热装置3中。
蓄冷***包括重力热管5、蓄冷池4、冷凝换热装置3和换热管，重力热管5的下端设置在蓄冷池4中，重力热管5的上端设置在冷凝换热装置3中。其中，蓄冷池4与冷水机组并联。当冷水机组出现故障或者停电时，可以利用蓄冷池4持续提供冷量。
蓄冷池4中存储有蓄冷介质，蓄冷介质是水、5％～25%的氯化钙水溶液、或者是含3%～10%十水合硫酸钠和5%～12%三水合醋酸钠的水溶液，或者是含5%～15%氯化钙和5%～10%磷酸钠的水溶液。此蓄冷介质具有5～20℃下相变温度，从而在温度较高的环境下有效利用其相变潜热。
本发明的换热管埋设在地下，包括进流管2和回流管1，进流管2和回流管1的上端分别通过绝热管联通冷凝换热装置3的两端，进流管2的外壁与回流管1的外壁连接，进流管2与回流管1相互平行，进流管2包括4个横截面为圆形的管子，回流管1的横截面由第一弧11、第二弧12、第三弧13和第四弧14依次首尾相接而成，其中，第二弧12和第四弧14为S形弧，第一弧11的半径大于第三弧13的半径，第一弧11的两端和第三弧13的两端分别通过第二弧12和第四弧14连接，第一弧11和第三弧13的圆心均位于回流管1的横截面内，进流管2围绕第三弧13设置。
上述设计能够使换热管充分利用钻孔井内的热交换面积，使换热管与井壁保持大面积的接触，有效提高换热管的吸冷效率。本实施例中，回流管1的横截面面积均相等。进流管2的横截面的面积总和大于回流管1的横截面面积。
换热管整体外直径为80±0.5mm，回流管1和进流管2的管壁厚度均为3±0.5mm。回流管1靠近地面的一端内壁绝热或在其内壁设置绝热管套。
回流管1的截面积为进流管2截面积之和的50-60%。此设计可使换热管的进流管管压大大降低。可保证进流时流体较缓慢流动，停留时间长，吸收更多的热量。回流截面小，经过底部热交换的液体能快速流回地面，避免回流液体受进流管的热干扰。优选的，中心管1的截面积为外侧管1截面积之和的50-60%。
优选的，进流管2和回流管1的外管壁上设置有凹槽。凹槽可以沿进流管2和回流管1的轴线方向设置。其中，凹槽均匀分布在进流管2和回流管1的外管壁。凹槽的长度与进流管2和回流管1的长度相等。在进流管2和回流管1上设置凹槽用来扩大进流管2和回流管1的表面积，可以更有效的吸收热量，提高换热管的热交换效率。能够充分利用钻孔井内的热交换面积，使换热管与井壁保持大面积的接触，有效提高换热管的吸冷效率。中心管1靠近地面的一端内壁绝热或者在其内壁设置绝热管套。靠近地表的部分，进流管和回流管之间热干扰大，对回流管靠近地面的上端的管腔接触面绝热或***绝热套管就可提高热交换效率。为保证使用寿命大于50年，换热管的材质为高密度聚乙烯或聚丙烯。换热管的整体外直径为80±0.5mm，进流管2和回流管1的管壁厚度均为3±0.5mm。
本发明还公开了一种重力热管式冷源蓄冷***冷水机组，采用如上所述的重力热管式冷源蓄冷***，蓄冷池4与冷水机组并联。蓄冷池4通过三通阀连接冷水机组。此种设计，简单方便实现控制介质从冷水机组或者蓄冷池通过。
本发明的重力热管式冷源蓄冷***冷水机组，利用重力热管式冷源蓄冷***为冷水机组提供蓄冷***，且本发明的重力热管式冷源蓄冷***利用换热管为重力热管提供冷源，换热管能够充分利用钻孔井内的热交换面积，使换热管与井壁保持大面积的接触，有效提高换热管的吸冷效率，同时本发明的换热管进流管和回流管均可与井壁接触吸冷，可以大大延长换热管的作用距离，提高吸冷效果。
原理如下：
蓄冷过程：重力热管工作时，热管中的载冷剂（工质，一般采用氟利昂）在室外的冷凝换热装置和蓄冷池4之间进行循环，在冷凝换热装置3中排放热量，在蓄冷池4中吸收热量，从而降低蓄冷池4中蓄冷介质的温度，甚至使得制冷剂介质发生相变，从而储存热量。
释放冷量的过程：当需要释放冷量的时候，通过开启通断阀的方式，使得冷水机组的进水先流经蓄冷池4，这些水和蓄冷池4中介质发生热量交换，降低了冷水机组的水温。实现释放冷量的过程。
本发明的重力热管式冷源蓄冷***冷水机组，利用重力热管式冷源蓄冷***为冷水机组提供蓄冷***，且本发明的重力热管式冷源蓄冷***利用换热管为重力热管提供冷源，换热管能够充分利用钻孔井内的热交换面积，使换热管与井壁保持大面积的接触，有效提高换热管的吸冷效率，最大化的利用地下冷源。

Claims (10)

1.一种重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***，所述冷水机组设有冷水管道，其特征在于：所述蓄冷***包括重力热管（5）、蓄冷池（4）、冷凝换热装置（3)和换热管，所述蓄冷池的进口和出口与冷水机组的冷水管道并联连接，并通过控制阀实现接入或断开；所述重力热管为分离式热管，其蒸发段设在蓄冷池中，冷凝段则设在冷凝换热装置（3）中；所述换热管埋设在地下，包括进流管（2）和回流管（1），所述进流管（2）和回流管（1）的上端分别通过绝热管联通所述冷凝换热装置（3）的进口和出口形成循环，所述进流管（2）的外壁与所述回流管（1）的外壁连接，所述进流管（2）与所述回流管（1）相互平行，所述进流管（2）包括4个横截面为圆形的管子，所述回流管（1）的横截面由第一弧（11）、第二弧（12）、第三弧（13）和第四弧（14）依次首尾相接而成，其中，第二弧（12）和第四弧（14）为S形弧，第一弧（11）的半径大于第三弧（13）的半径，所述第一弧（11）和第三弧（13）的圆心均位于所述回流管（1）的横截面内，所述进流管（2）围绕所述第三弧（13）设置。
2.如权利要求1所述的重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***，其特征在于，所述进流管（2）的横截面面积均相等。
3.如权利要求1所述的重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***，其特征在于，所述进流管（2）的横截面的面积总和大于所述回流管（1）的横截面面积。
4.如权利要求1所述的重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***，其特征在于，所述换热管整体外直径为80±0.5mm，所述进流管（2）和回流管（1）的管壁厚度均为3±0.5mm。
5.如权利要求1所述的重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***，其特征在于，所述回流管（1）靠近地面的一端内壁绝热或在其内壁设置绝热管套。
6.如权利要求1所述的重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***，其特征在于，所述回流管（1）的截面积为所述进流管（2）截面积之和的50-60%。
7.如权利要求1所述的重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***，其特征在于，所述蓄冷池（5）中存储有蓄冷介质，所述蓄冷介质是水、乙二醇水溶液、30％～45%的氯化钙水溶液、或者是含20%～40%十水合硫酸钠和15%～25%三水合醋酸钠的水溶液，或者是含20%～40%十水合硫酸钠和15%～30%氯化钙的水溶液。
8.如权利要求1所述的重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***，其特征在于，所述冷凝换热装置为水冷装置、风冷装置或者喷淋蒸发冷凝换热装置。
9.一种重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***冷水机组，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-8任一项所述的重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***，所述蓄冷池（4）与冷水机组并联。
10.如权利要求9所述的重力热管式地冷冷源蓄冷***冷水机组，其特征在于，所述蓄冷池（4）通过三通阀连接冷水机组。
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