CN105113222A - Superabsorbent fibers prepared from polyvinyl alcohol fibers and preparing method and application thereof - Google Patents
Superabsorbent fibers prepared from polyvinyl alcohol fibers and preparing method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105113222A CN105113222A CN201510580242.7A CN201510580242A CN105113222A CN 105113222 A CN105113222 A CN 105113222A CN 201510580242 A CN201510580242 A CN 201510580242A CN 105113222 A CN105113222 A CN 105113222A
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Abstract
The invention relates to superabsorbent fibers prepared from polyvinyl alcohol fibers and a preparing method and application thereof. The preparing method of the superabsorbent fibers includes the steps that 11-15 g of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers are put into 85-95 g of organic solvent containing maleic anhydride and esterified by the maleic anhydride for 1-5 h at the temperature of 70 DEG C-95 DEG C; the esterified fibers are treated with an alkali solution, washed and dried. By selecting the appropriate amount of polyvinyl alcohol fibers, the appropriate amount of the maleic anhydride organic solution and appropriate reaction temperature, the polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fibers obtained through preparation have superhigh water absorption and can absorb deionized water with the weight 400 times larger than the own weight of superabsorbent fibers or normal saline with the weight 55 times larger than the own weight of superabsorbent fibers.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fibrous material preparation field, particularly relate to superabsorbent fiber, Preparation Method And The Use prepared by a kind of vinal.
Background technology
Superabsorbent fiber is continue super moisture absorbing resin and a kind of fiber with specific function grown up.This fiber can Absorbable rod own wt 30-50 the same as super moisture absorbing resin physiological saline doubly or the deionized water of more than 150 times.These moisture can be maintained at fibrous inside, are not extruded out.Superabsorbent fiber not only has water suction, the water retaining function of super moisture absorbing resin, and due to fibre diameter little, usually at about 30 μm, therefore have larger surface area, absorption speed is faster than resin; Fiber has large draw ratio, just not easily can be scattered together with other Filament-wound Machines; Superabsorbent fiber is easy to use, can with other kinds fiber blend make textiles or together with make non-weaving cloth, even if the fabric made of interweaving together with other fibers is also very soft when water-absorption fiber content is higher.
In addition, compared with super moisture absorbing resin, superabsorbent fiber has more how superior performance, and in industrial or agricultural and daily life, purposes is more extensive, and development potentiality is very large.
China Textile Academy's publication number is the patent of CN1407147, the publication number of Nantong Zhongyin Fibre Products Co., Ltd. is the patent of CN1664189, and the publication number of Sinopec Group and Tianjin University of Technology is that the patent of CN1743517 and CN1743542 all discloses superabsorbent fiber and preparation method thereof.CN1407147 is polymerized with the acrylate such as acrylic acid, sodium acrylate to obtain aqueous copolymers solution together in aqueous, take polyvinyl alcohol water solution as sandwich layer or cortex, extrude through sheath-core type composite spinneret, hot-air dry spinning and heat cross-linking obtain superabsorbent fiber.CN1664189 patent adds water with acrylic acid series starting monomer and toughening material disposablely to feed intake → pressurize, Discrete control, copolymerizing and blending → demonomerization deaeration → extrude the abnormal stretching → curing molding → thermal crosslinking treatment → superabsorbent fiber of spray silk → stream.The superabsorbent fiber of CN1743542 patent directly prepares polymer blend solution with acrylic monomer and polyvinyl alcohol, latent crosslinker solution one-step polymerization method, obtained after thermal crosslinking treatment after dry spinning spinning fibre.CN1743517 patent is polymerized to obtain copolymerized acrylonitrile solution with the monomer such as acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate together with latent crosslinker, to stretch to obtain polymerized acrylonitrile fiber through wet spinning, then through heat cross-linking, after suitable basic hydrolysis and mild acid wash, dehydration, dry obtained superabsorbent fiber.Unexamined Patent 2004-293022 discloses a kind of polyvinyl alcohol high water-absorption fiber, described polyvinyl alcohol water-absorption fiber is that polyvinyl alcohol dissolution is in DMSO solvent, do coagulating bath spinning with methyl alcohol, then be cross-linked into water-absorption fiber through post processings such as bridging agent (crosslinking agent) polyacrylic acid.Unexamined Patent 07-189023 also discloses a kind of polyvinyl alcohol high water-absorption fiber, described high water-absorption fiber is that polyvinyl alcohol dissolution is in water, spinning is bathed by conventional coagulation, again through phosphoric acid, ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, titanium sulfate or organic bridging agent methylol compound, epoxide, isocyanate group compound, the post processing of aldehyde compound crosslinking agent form.
But the production technology in said method is comparatively complicated, the physical and mechanical properties of product is not high, and because the costs of material such as methyl acrylate are higher, highly volatile contaminated environment in production, needs the chemical reagent of at substantial.
" producing and performance of high water suction modified PVA " (China Textile University's journal 5 phases in 1988), have studied a kind of high water suction modified PVA resin and preparation method thereof; CN101260612A discloses the method with preparing ultra-absorbent fiber from polyvinyl alcohol fiber: to obtain the preparation method of polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fiber with the poly-vinyl alcohol solution containing crosslinking agent through dry spinning and heat treatment for spinning solution.But the water absorbing capacity of described superabsorbent fiber need further raising.
CN101260612A discloses a kind of method of preparing ultra-absorbent fiber from polyvinyl alcohol fiber, comprise: 5 ~ 15G water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers is put into the organic solvent that 50 ~ 100G contains maleic anhydride by (1), when temperature 50 ~ 100 DEG C, through maleic anhydride esterification 1 ~ 5 hour; (2) fiber after esterification is again through alkaline solution treatment, washing, dry.The water imbibition of this superabsorbent fiber is only himself deionized water of weight more than 150 times or the physiological saline of more than 35 times, limits its industrial applications.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art Problems existing, provide superabsorbent fiber, Preparation Method And The Use prepared by a kind of vinal.The preparation method of described polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fiber is easy, and equipment investment is few, easy large-scale production, and obtained fiber has superpower water imbibition.
For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A method for preparing ultra-absorbent fiber from polyvinyl alcohol fiber, comprising:
(1) 11 ~ 15g water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers is put into the organic solvent that 85 ~ 95g contains maleic anhydride, when temperature 70 ~ 95 DEG C, through maleic anhydride esterification 1 ~ 5 hour;
(2) fiber after esterification is through alkaline solution treatment, and washing, drying, obtain polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fiber.
The present invention adopts ready-made water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers to be raw material, utilize on the strand of the graft esterification of maleic anhydride in original vinal and introduce carboxyl, to increase the hydrophilicity of fiber, fiber is made to absorb a large amount of water and be not dissolved in water, produce crosslinked, therefore obtained product has in better water bloating tendency than single crosslinked vinal simultaneously.
The present invention adopts the conventional water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers produced to be raw material, does not need through spinning technique, initial capital less investment, and product is deposited the not easily moisture absorption in atmosphere and lumpd, is easy to preserve, and water absorption rate is higher.
As preferred technical scheme, the method for described preparing ultra-absorbent fiber from polyvinyl alcohol fiber comprises:
(1) 14g water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers is put into the organic solvent that 85g contains maleic anhydride, when temperature 80 DEG C, through maleic anhydride esterification 2.5 hours;
(2) fiber after esterification is through alkaline solution treatment, and washing, drying, obtain polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fiber.
Described vinal is low-temperature water-soluble.
Described organic solvent is dioxane and/or butyl acetate.
Described maleic anhydride concentration expressed in percentage by weight is in organic solvent 5 ~ 25%, and the organic solvent of maleic anhydride and the weight ratio of vinal are 5: 1 ~ 10: 1.
Described alkaline solution treatment carries out in the methyl alcohol or ethanolic solution of NaOH and/or potassium hydroxide, and the fiber after alkali treatment washs in methyl alcohol or ethanol, dry at lower than 95 DEG C.
Present invention also offers the polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fiber that described preparation method prepares.
Present invention also offers the purposes of described polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fiber, it is for packaging material, amenities, medical material and filtration drying field.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention selects the mass ratio of suitable water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers and maleic anhydride organic solvent, and select suitable temperature, obtained polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fiber has excellent water absorbing properties, the physiological saline of the deionized water that Absorbable rod own wt is more than 400 times or more than 55 times.
(2) compared with conventional method, the method production equipment is simple, easily puts into production with various different scales, non-wastewater discharge, solvent recoverable.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further.
Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's instruction.
Embodiment 1
Water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers (water solution temperature 80 DEG C) 11 grams, solvent: butyl acetate, the concentration expressed in percentage by weight of maleic anhydride in butyl acetate is 8%, this solution usage 85 grams, reaction temperature 70 DEG C, 3 hours time.
The methanol solution of NaOH, basification; Later methanol wash, dry at 80 DEG C of temperature, obtain polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fiber.
This superabsorbent fiber reaches 480 times to deionized water absorbency, reaches 60 times to the absorbency of physiological saline.
Embodiment 2
Water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers (water solution temperature is room temperature) 15 grams, solvent: dioxane, the concentration expressed in percentage by weight of maleic anhydride in dioxane is 20%, this solution usage 90 grams.Reaction temperature 95 DEG C, time 2 h.
The ethanolic solution of potassium hydroxide, basification.Later with ethanol washing, dry at 90 DEG C of temperature, obtain polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fiber.
The deionized water absorbency of this fiber reaches 450 times, and the absorbency of physiological saline is 75 times.
Embodiment 3
Water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers (water solution temperature is 70 DEG C) 13 grams, solvent: butyl acetate, the concentration expressed in percentage by weight of maleic anhydride in butyl acetate is 5%, this solution usage 95 grams.Reaction temperature 85 DEG C, 5 hours time.
The ethanolic solution of NaOH, basification.Later with ethanol washing, dry at 70 DEG C of temperature, obtain polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fiber.
The deionized water absorbency of this fiber reaches 400 times, and the absorbency of physiological saline is 55 times.
Embodiment 4
Water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers (water solution temperature is room temperature) 12 grams, solvent: dioxane, the concentration expressed in percentage by weight of maleic anhydride in dioxane is 12%, and this solution usage is 90 grams.Reaction temperature 85 DEG C, 1 hour time.
The methanol solution of NaOH, basification.Later methanol wash, dry at 70 DEG C of temperature, obtain polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fiber.
The deionized water absorbency of this fiber reaches 420 times, and the absorbency of physiological saline is 65 times.
Comparative example 1
Described comparative example 1 is identical with embodiment 4, and unique difference is, the use amount of described water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers is 11g.
The deionized water absorbency of this fiber is 320 times, and the absorbency of physiological saline is 45 times.
Comparative example 2
Described comparative example 2 is identical with embodiment 4, and unique difference is, the use amount of described maleic anhydride organic solution is 80g.
The deionized water absorbency of this fiber is 300 times, and the absorbency of physiological saline is 40 times.Comparative example 3
Described comparative example 3 is identical with embodiment 4, and unique difference is, the use amount of described maleic anhydride organic solution is 100g.
The deionized water absorbency of this fiber is 310 times, and the absorbency of physiological saline is 45 times.
Comparative example 4
Described comparative example 4 is identical with embodiment 4, and unique difference is, the reaction temperature described in step (1) is 65 DEG C.
The deionized water absorbency of this fiber is 350 times, and the absorbency of physiological saline is 55 times.
Comparative example 5
Described comparative example 5 is identical with embodiment 4, and unique difference is, the reaction temperature described in step (1) is 100 DEG C.
The deionized water absorbency of this fiber is 300 times, and the absorbency of physiological saline is 50 times.
Applicant states, the present invention illustrates method detailed of the present invention by above-described embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned method detailed, does not namely mean that the present invention must rely on above-mentioned method detailed and could implement.Person of ordinary skill in the field should understand, any improvement in the present invention, to equivalence replacement and the interpolation of auxiliary element, the concrete way choice etc. of each raw material of product of the present invention, all drops within protection scope of the present invention and open scope.
Claims (8)
1., by a method for preparing ultra-absorbent fiber from polyvinyl alcohol fiber, described method comprises:
(1) 11 ~ 15g water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers is put into the organic solvent that 85 ~ 95g contains maleic anhydride, when temperature 70 ~ 95 DEG C, through maleic anhydride esterification 1 ~ 5 hour;
(2) fiber after esterification is through alkaline solution treatment, and washing, drying, obtain polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fiber.
2. the method for preparing ultra-absorbent fiber from polyvinyl alcohol fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
(1) 14g water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol fibers is put into the organic solvent that 85g contains maleic anhydride, when temperature 80 DEG C, through maleic anhydride esterification 2.5 hours;
(2) fiber after esterification is through alkaline solution treatment, and washing, drying, obtain polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fiber.
3. the method for preparing ultra-absorbent fiber from polyvinyl alcohol fiber according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described vinal is low-temperature water-soluble.
4., according to the method with preparing ultra-absorbent fiber from polyvinyl alcohol fiber one of claim 1-3 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, described organic solvent is dioxane and/or butyl acetate.
5. according to the method with preparing ultra-absorbent fiber from polyvinyl alcohol fiber one of claim 1-4 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, described maleic anhydride concentration expressed in percentage by weight is in organic solvent 5 ~ 25%, and the organic solvent of maleic anhydride and the weight ratio of vinal are 5: 1 ~ 10: 1.
6. according to the method with preparing ultra-absorbent fiber from polyvinyl alcohol fiber one of claim 1-5 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that, described alkaline solution treatment carries out in the methyl alcohol or ethanolic solution of NaOH and/or potassium hydroxide, fiber after alkali treatment washs in methyl alcohol or ethanol, dry at lower than 95 DEG C.
7. according to the polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fiber that the preparation method one of claim 1-6 Suo Shu prepares.
8. the purposes of polyvinyl alcohol superabsorbent fiber according to claim 7, it is for packaging material, amenities, medical material and filtration drying field.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106288669A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 上海源耀生物股份有限公司 | A kind of method using superabsorbent fiber dry products |
| CN109518294A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-26 | 湖南新金辐医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of grafting polyvinyl alcohol fiber and preparation method thereof and the textile made of the grafting polyvinyl alcohol fiber |
| US20220074130A1 (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2022-03-10 | Monosol, Llc | Water soluble fibers with post process modifications and articles containing same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH07189023A (en) * | 1993-12-24 | 1995-07-25 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Highly water-absorbing fiber |
| CN1495297A (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-05-12 | �����ɷ� | High absorption polyvinyl alcohol fibre and nonwoven fabrics containing them |
| CN1743517A (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2006-03-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing copolymerized acrylonitrile high water-absorption fiber |
| CN101260612A (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2008-09-10 | 东华大学 | Method for preparing ultra-absorbent fiber from polyvinyl alcohol fiber |
| CN101392456A (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2009-03-25 | 东华大学 | Method for preparing super absorbent fiber by modification of polyvinyl alcohol fiber |
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2015
- 2015-09-11 CN CN201510580242.7A patent/CN105113222A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07189023A (en) * | 1993-12-24 | 1995-07-25 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Highly water-absorbing fiber |
| CN1495297A (en) * | 2002-08-30 | 2004-05-12 | �����ɷ� | High absorption polyvinyl alcohol fibre and nonwoven fabrics containing them |
| CN1743517A (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2006-03-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing copolymerized acrylonitrile high water-absorption fiber |
| CN101260612A (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2008-09-10 | 东华大学 | Method for preparing ultra-absorbent fiber from polyvinyl alcohol fiber |
| CN101392456A (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2009-03-25 | 东华大学 | Method for preparing super absorbent fiber by modification of polyvinyl alcohol fiber |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106288669A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-04 | 上海源耀生物股份有限公司 | A kind of method using superabsorbent fiber dry products |
| CN106288669B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2019-04-26 | 上海源耀生物股份有限公司 | A method of using superabsorbent fiber dry products |
| CN109518294A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-26 | 湖南新金辐医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of grafting polyvinyl alcohol fiber and preparation method thereof and the textile made of the grafting polyvinyl alcohol fiber |
| US20220074130A1 (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2022-03-10 | Monosol, Llc | Water soluble fibers with post process modifications and articles containing same |
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Application publication date: 20151202 |