CN105112965A - Printing head, printing device and printing method for rapid forming of metal piece - Google Patents
Printing head, printing device and printing method for rapid forming of metal piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN105112965A CN105112965A CN201510587457.1A CN201510587457A CN105112965A CN 105112965 A CN105112965 A CN 105112965A CN 201510587457 A CN201510587457 A CN 201510587457A CN 105112965 A CN105112965 A CN 105112965A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a printing head, a printing device and a printing method for rapid forming of a metal piece. The printing head comprises a body, a plurality of nozzles, a first electrode and a second common electrode. When the printing head is in the working state, electroplate liquid is sprayed out through the multiple nozzles and sequentially passes through the first electrode and the second common electrode. The printing device is provided with the printing head. According to the printing method, when electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching is conducted on the electroplate liquid, the electroplate liquid is electrified and is directly sprayed onto a position needing to be printed; in the position which does not need to be printed, the electroplate liquid deflects when flowing through a deflection electric field by changing the electrical characteristic of the electroplate liquid, and the electroplate liquid is prevented from being sprayed onto the position which does not need to be printed. By the adoption of the printing head, the printing device and the printing method for rapid forming of the metal piece, the defects that a three-dimensional (3D) printer for the metal piece in the prior art is low in printing efficiency and low in precision are overcome, and rapid, high-quality and high-precision printing of 3D metal pieces is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rapid shaping technique field, particularly relate to a kind of metalwork rapid shaping printhead, type printer and Method of printing.
Background technology
When rapid shaping technique can be implemented in without the need to preparing any mould, cutter and tooling fixture, directly accepting product design (CAD) data, producing the exemplar of product innovation, mould or model fast.Its ultimate principle is " Layered manufacturing successively superposes ", is similar to mathematical integral process.
Along with the develop rapidly of rapid shaping technique, realize 3D mainly through following several mode at present and print:
1, SLA main body photoetching Modeling Technology
Know-why: gather photo-curing material surface with the laser of specific wavelength and intensity, makes it by point to line, by the consecutive solidification of line to face.Then lifting table moves the height of a synusia in the vertical direction, then solidifies another aspect, constantly repeats this process, until shaping.
2, SLS Selective Laser Sintering
Know-why: first spread one deck powdered material, by material preheater to will melting point, re-use laser and scan in this aspect, make the temperature of powder rise to melting point, then sintering be formed and bonds, and constantly repeats this process, until shaping.
The three-dimensional powder bonded technology of 3.3DP
Know-why: by using liquid linker, will be covered with each layer solidification of powder, successively create out 3D solid prototype.
4. on demand piezoelectric multi-nozzle inkjet technology
The ink used is UV solidification ink.The ink supply mode of shower nozzle is on demand piezoelectric (DropOnDemand) mode.Shower nozzle moves the scanning spray printing realizing plane, realizes ink solidification by the UV lamp be fixed together with shower nozzle.
5.FDM fused deposition modeling technology
The method uses filamentary material (paraffin, metal, plastics, low melting point alloy silk) to be raw material, Electric heating is utilized to be heated to by silk material a little more than temperature of fusion (about high than fusing point 1 DEG C), under control of the computer, shower nozzle does x-y plane motion, by the coated materials of melting on the table, forms a layer cross section of workpiece after cooling, after one deck is shaped, shower nozzle brings Forward highly, carries out lower one deck coating, so successively piles up and forms 3 D workpiece.Daily common entry level 3D printing technique utilizes the rapid shaping that the thawing of plastic wire is bonding, plastic pattern is carried out in accumulation.
Wherein, the 3D of metallic element prints rapid shaping technique is one of information-based significant technology highly merged with mechanize.Although the 3D that SLS Selective Laser Sintering can be used in band large-scale metal component prints, the piece surface manufactured by lf is coarse, and the density realizing 3D accumulation is lower, and dimensional precision is poor, far can not meet the requirement that precision optical machinery component manufacture.Laser equipment is expensive simultaneously, and energy consumption is also large.
And SLA main body photoetching Modeling Technology, although 3D can be provided in kind for the design in early stage of product and the amendment in later stage, the material of product is not metal species.
Direct printing speed goes out metalwork, is that world 3D prints one of the study hotspot in field.Through retrieval, can find domesticly also successively to occur some patent publication about metalwork printing speed.Wherein, have about the technology adopting electrolytic etching, metalwork rapid shaping is carried out in plating accumulation.
No. 201310457824.7th, Chinese patent application, disclose the plating of a kind of electrolytic etching and pile up 3D printer, it comprises X-axis rail bracket, Z axis rail bracket, Y-axis rail bracket, universal numerical control bogie, conductive soleplate, be arranged on the coaxial sleeve printhead on universal numerical control bogie, the backflow outer flexible tube be connected with coaxial sleeve printhead outer tube, and manages the gravity flow inner flexible tube be connected in coaxial sleeve printhead, the reservoir of electrolytic solution is housed, metal electrode block, is arranged on the numerical control sucking pump of backflow outer flexible tube end resorption electrolytic solution to reservoir.This 3D printer forms electrolyzer by metal electrode block, electrolyte solution, conductive soleplate, direct supply, with the ionogen electrolysis of solutions conductive soleplate precipitating metal coating as accumulation printed material, or make the electrolyte solution contacts part generation oxidizing reaction of conductive soleplate and coaxial sleeve printhead, metallic iron conductive soleplate is etched gradually, realizes etching former and makes.
By reading the open file of No. 201310457824.7, the applicant finds that technique scheme sets at coaxial sleeve printing head-shield to carry out pointwise printing, printing effect is still lower, and printing precision very low, be only applicable to printing that volume is comparatively large, accuracy requirement is lower, the better simply metalwork of structure.
No. 201410418989.8th, Chinese patent application, disclose a kind of dot matrix anode type electroreduction metal deposition part 3D and print equipment, include Computerized digital control system, equipment pedestal, anode numerical control vertical lifting mechanism, and electro-deposition system, this electro-deposition system includes anode, metal ion solution work nest, electrochemical power source, recycle pump, strainer, the working substrate that conduction connects is formed when negative electrode and work, be provided with the anode table top of a horizontal x and y-axis direction dot matrix point cloth-like, each dot matrix place is all fixed with anode and mutually insulated forms dot matrix distributed anodes important actor, this anode table top is towards the working substrate forming conduction connection when negative electrode and work thereof, and form with it the gap cooperation that metal ion solution can be allowed to circulate, all in parallel being connected with its electrochemical power source of all anodes, all anodes are insoluble anode, the anode infusion channel being also provided with dot matrix distribution in anode important actor is communicated with metal ion solution e Foerderanlage with pressure, the 3 d image data of workpiece to be formed is converted to horizontal x and the Three dimensions control data of y-axis direction dot matrix with vertical stepping by Computerized digital control system, its control signal one tunnel is connected with the power supply smart control processor controlling each anode and electrochemical power source break-make, another road of control signal is connected with the numerical control treater of the anode digital control lifting mechanism controlling anode VTOL (vertical take off and landing).
Plating (electroforming) technology is a kind of electrochemical techniques, is a kind of a kind of processing technology producing product based on metal ion in negative electrode generation electrochemical deposition principle.Positive metal ions in electroplate liquid is under the effect of electric field, and orderly moves to negative electrode, makes negative electrode obtain electron reduction and becomes atom, and be deposited on cathode surface.And it is relatively simple to electroplate (electroforming) work tooling equipment, with low cost, and with regard to the deposition technique that ion yardstick carries out, the productivity of plating (electroforming) is the highest, settled density is the highest.
By reading the open file of No. 201410418989.8, the applicant finds that the technical scheme of this technical scheme and No. 201310457824.7 belongs to same technical conceive, only the single coaxial sleeve pipe printhead of No. 201310457824.7 is improved to dot matrix distributed anodes important actor (many coaxial sleeve printheads are in parallel) by No. 201410418989.8 further, although improve printing effect to a certain extent, but still cannot improve printing precision, and also only applicable printing volume is comparatively large, accuracy requirement is lower, the better simply metalwork of structure.
The applicant overcomes the low deficiency of metalwork 3D printer printing effect of the prior art, is devoted to develop a kind of new metalwork rapid shaping printhead, type printer and Method of printing, realizes quick, high precision printing three-dimensional metal part.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention, proposes a kind of metalwork rapid shaping printhead, type printer and Method of printing exactly, overcomes the deficiency that metalwork 3D printer printing effect of the prior art is low, realizes quick, high precision printing three-dimensional metal part.
The present invention, for solving the problems of the technologies described above, provides a kind of metalwork rapid shaping printhead, comprises body, multi-nozzle, and described multi-nozzle is arranged on the body.
Wherein, described printhead also comprises for controlling by described multi-jet electroplate liquid is non-electroneutral first electrode and for making the second public electrode in non-electroneutral electroplate liquid deflection.
Under printhead is in running order, described electroplate liquid sprays through described multi-nozzle, successively through described first electrode and described second public electrode.
A kind of new metalwork rapid shaping printhead that the present invention as above researches and develops, can realize electroplate liquid in the process of ejection continuously, realizes the deflection carrying out electroplate liquid fast, and whether control electroplate liquid participates in 3D prints.And, because the present invention can make electroplate liquid be non-neutral by the first electrode, by the second public electrode, the electroplate liquid in non-neutral is deflected again, so be provided with the speed of response and operating frequency that machinery valve or traditional control method hardly match, overcome the deficiency that metalwork 3D printer printing effect of the prior art is low, realize quick, high precision printing three-dimensional metal part.
Further, metalwork rapid shaping printhead of the present invention also comprises the accumulator tank of the recovery for accepting deflected electroplate liquid, and described accumulator tank is arranged on the side of described second public electrode.
The present invention accepts deflection electroplate liquid by adding accumulator tank, is conducive to carrying out continuing to reclaim to the electroplate liquid having neither part nor lot in 3D printing, improves the utilization ratio of electroplate liquid.
Further, metalwork rapid shaping printhead of the present invention also comprises a mounting base, described body, the second public electrode and accumulator tank are arranged on the same side of described mounting base, and the nozzle correspondence of each the ejection electroplate liquid on described multi-nozzle is provided with described first electrode.
Under electroplate liquid recovery state, described electroplate liquid is by the ejection of each spout of described multi-nozzle, the electrical characteristic starting the electroplate liquid that corresponding described first electrode makes described multi-nozzle spray be non-neutral, and through described second public electrode, electroplate liquid deflects in the described accumulator tank of inflow.
Body, the second public electrode and accumulator tank are integrated on the same side of mounting base by the present invention further in advance, facilitate the use of printhead, also make one-piece construction more reliably compact simultaneously.
Further, the first electrode of the present invention is induction electrode; Described second public electrode comprises the public pole plate of the first high pressure and the public pole plate of the second high pressure, and the public pole plate of described first high pressure and the public pole plate of described second high pressure are arranged in opposite directions, the narrow slit that intermediate formation one passes for described electroplate liquid.
The induction electrode that the present invention specifically selects further, the public pole plate of the first high pressure and the public pole plate of the second high pressure.All the time high-voltage electric field is there is in the narrow slit of the public pole plate of the first high pressure and the public pole plate of the second high pressure.The electrical characteristic that effectively can be controlled electroplate liquid by the working order changing the first electrode and induction electrode are being switch between electric neutrality and non-electric neutrality, then controlling by the plating fluid column of narrow slit is need to deflect, and finally reaches control electroplate liquid and whether participates in 3D printing purpose.
Carry out in electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching process at described electroplate liquid, participated in the number (i.e. the number of the first electrode work) of the plating fluid column that 3D prints according to a certain moment by Controlling System, total electroplating current output valve is regulated and controled effectively and timely, make each participate in the galvanic deposit point of 3D printing or the geometrical dimension of electrolytic etching point, in whole 3D print procedure, remain consistent.
Further, described first electrode of the present invention and described second public electrode can also be integrated on same induction electrode, switched make electroplate liquid be non-electric neutrality and deflect to side by the polarity controlling described induction electrode.
Further, described first electrode of the present invention and described second public electrode can also be described first electrodes is induction electrode, and described second public electrode is single public electrode pole plate.
Above-mentioned other two kinds of designs that the present invention specifically proposes, one is that public for high pressure pole plate is reduced to one piece; One is all simplified by two pieces of public pole plates of high pressure, two functions that the first electrode plays induction charging and electroplate liquid is deflected.
In addition, present invention also offers a kind of metalwork rapid shaping type printer, comprise Controlling System, force (forcing) pump, printhead, electroplate liquid case, first plating pole plate, second plating pole plate and electroplating power supply, one end and described first of described electroplating power supply is electroplated pole plate and is connected, the other end and described second of described electroplating power supply is electroplated pole plate and is connected, described first plating pole plate is placed in described electroplate liquid case, one side of described second plating pole plate is towards described printhead, electroplate liquid in described electroplate liquid case is pumped to described printhead by described force (forcing) pump, spray described electroplate liquid by described printhead and carry out electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching to a side of described second plating pole plate.
Wherein, printhead of the present invention is above-mentioned metalwork rapid shaping printhead.
Whether metalwork rapid shaping type printer of the present invention sprays electroplate liquid to the second continuously by printhead and electroplates printing speed pole plate carrying out 3D metalwork, deflected determine whether certain a bit of electroplate liquid participates in printing by control electroplate liquid.Because electroplate liquid itself can keep continuous ejection always, control the deflection of electroplate liquid by means of only induction electrode, can realize carrying out corresponding electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching to certain print point.The present invention is relative to metalwork 3D printer of the prior art, and the structure of printhead has had substantial difference, and printing effect have also been obtained and greatly promotes, and effectively can realize quick, high precision printing three-dimensional metal part.
Further, printhead of the present invention is multiple, and multiple described printhead is staggered on the two sides of a mounting plate.
Printhead of the present invention can realize multiple setting that is staggered, expanding printing region, improves the scope of application of the present invention, printing effect and printing precision further.
Further, vertically upward or vertically downward or tilt to arrange down, a side of described second plating pole plate is towards described multi-nozzle for the described multi-nozzle of printhead of the present invention.
Described multi-nozzle arranges by the present invention vertically upward, then described second plating pole plate is placed in above described multi-nozzle accordingly, form 3D and print part up-set type type printer, the electroplate liquid printed on described second plating pole plate is not easily diffused into target neighboring area, and printing precision is higher.
Described multi-nozzle arranges by the present invention vertically downward, then described second plating pole plate is placed in below described multi-nozzle accordingly, forms 3D and prints part underneath type type printer, be convenient to the recycling of electroplate liquid.
Described multi-nozzle tilts to arrange down by the present invention, then described second plating pole plate is placed in below described multi-nozzle accordingly, tilt horizontal by certain angle, form 3D and print part offset type printer, namely the recycling of electroplate liquid is convenient to, also can be diffused into the degree of target neighboring area for reduction electroplate liquid to a certain extent, improve printing precision.
Further, metalwork rapid shaping type printer of the present invention also comprises uncovered electroplate liquid collection box and recovery pump, described second plating pole plate is arranged in described electroplate liquid collection box, described printhead also comprises the accumulator tank reclaimed for accepting deflected electroplate liquid, the notch of described accumulator tank is towards described second public electrode, described electroplate liquid passes through described accumulator tank and described electroplate liquid collection box, by electroplate liquid case described in described recovery pump pumped back.
Present invention further proposes electroplate liquid collection box and recovery pump, efficient recovery and recycle are carried out to electroplate liquid.
In addition, present invention also offers a kind of metalwork rapid shaping Method of printing, use electroplate liquid successively to form electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching, carry out the printing of metalwork.
Wherein, carry out, in electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching process, controlling the electrical characteristic of described electroplate liquid at described electroplate liquid.
Needing the position of carrying out described electroplate liquid printing, described electroplate liquid injects directly on this position, completes the printing of this position.
In the position not needing to carry out printing, change the electrical characteristic of the described electroplate liquid of ejection, described electroplate liquid is deflected, electroplate liquid is not appeared at not to be needed on the position of printing.
What the present invention proposed is a kind of new metalwork rapid shaping Method of printing, what it adopted is that application electroplate liquid successively forms electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching, carry out the printing of metalwork: in same printing aspect, need the position printed, described electroplate liquid injects directly on this position, completes the printing of this position; Do not needing on the position printed, make it be non-electric neutrality by the electrical characteristic of described electroplate liquid controlling ejection, then make it deflect through out-of-date by addition high-voltage electric field, on the position then making described electroplate liquid not appear at not need 3D to print, print speed is fast, and precision is high.
Further, metalwork rapid shaping Method of printing of the present invention carries out in electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching process at described electroplate liquid, participated in the number of the plating fluid column that 3D prints according to a certain moment by Controlling System, total electroplating current output valve is regulated and controled effectively and timely, make each participate in the galvanic deposit point of 3D printing or the geometrical dimension of electrolytic etching point, in whole 3D print procedure, remain consistent.
Further, metalwork rapid shaping Method of printing of the present invention utilizes above-mentioned type printer to carry out the printing of metalwork.
The present invention adopts above-mentioned type printer to carry out the Method of printing of metalwork, and main printing principle is: successively pass through the first respective electrode and the second public electrode from the multiple tracks electroplate liquid of each spout of multi-nozzle ejection, then enter 3D print area; Needing on the position printed, electroplate liquid injects directly on the second plating pole plate, forms a plating point, forms the process of electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching, with the similar process of existing plating formula metalwork printing speed.Main difference part is not need on the position of printing, charged by starting the first electrode, the electroplate liquid that multi-nozzle is sprayed is responded to by during the first electrode, the electrical characteristic of electroplate liquid are changed, when subsequently by the second public electrode, can deflect under the high-voltage electric field effect existing for the second public electrode, change the flow direction of electroplate liquid fast and effectively, make electroplate liquid not participate in 3D to print, but recycle.The present invention controls the flow direction of electroplate liquid by original creation mode, according to the data of default printout, each layer each point is carried out to the quick switching printing and do not print, then finally realizes metalwork printing speed shaping.
In sum, metalwork rapid shaping printhead of the present invention, type printer and Method of printing include but not limited to following or several somes beneficial effects:
1, instant invention overcomes the low deficiency of metalwork 3D printer printing effect of the prior art, quick, high precision printing three-dimensional metal part can be realized.
2, the metalwork that prints of the present invention is without the need to post-processed.
3, stackeding speed of the present invention is fast, and the three-dimensional powder bonded technology of the 3DP more than routine is fast, and is easy to control.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of specific embodiment printhead.
Fig. 2 is the view that the multiple printhead splicing of specific embodiment prints.
Fig. 3 is the perspective view that specific embodiment 3D prints part underneath type type printer.
Fig. 4 is the perspective view that specific embodiment 3D prints part up-set type type printer.
Fig. 5 is the perspective view that specific embodiment 3D prints part offset type printer.
Fig. 6 is another simplified design structure schematic diagram of printhead.
Fig. 7 is the another simplified design structure schematic diagram of printhead.
Drawing reference numeral illustrates:
Printhead 10, body 11, multi-nozzle 12, mounting base 13, the public pole plate 152 of first electrode 14, second public electrode 15, first high pressure public pole plate 151, second high pressure, accumulator tank 16, mounting plate 17, Controlling System 20, force (forcing) pump 30, pole plate 50 electroplated by electroplate liquid case 40, first, second plating pole plate 60,3D prints part 601, electroplating power supply 70, electroplate liquid collection box 80, recovery pump 90, two-dimension displacement system 100.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Present embodiment discloses a kind of metalwork rapid shaping printhead 10, comprise body 11 and multi-nozzle 12, multi-nozzle 12 is arranged on body 11.
As shown in Figure 1, the printhead 10 of the present embodiment also comprises: mounting base 13, for controlling the first electrode 14 of its electrical characteristic of electroplate liquid sprayed by multi-nozzle 12, for making electrical characteristic be the second public electrode 15 that the electroplate liquid of non-neutral deflects, and for accepting the accumulator tank 16 that deflected electroplate liquid reclaims.
The body 11 of the present embodiment, multi-nozzle 12, first electrode 14, second public electrode 15 and accumulator tank 16 are from top to bottom successively set on the same side of mounting base 13 as shown in Figure 1, accumulator tank 16 is arranged on the side, below of the second public electrode 15, and the nozzle of each the ejection electroplate liquid on each multi-nozzle 12 is provided with first electrode 14.
Under printhead working order, described electroplate liquid is through each spout ejection of multi-nozzle 12, pass through corresponding first electrode 14 and the second public electrode 15 successively, finally be injected in 3D print area according to preset data electroplate liquid and participate in printing, or deflection enters in accumulator tank 16 and reclaims, do not participate in printing.
Exemplary, the body 11 of the present embodiment and multi-nozzle 12 combination can select the conventional multi-jet shower nozzle of band, and the first electrode 14 selects U-shaped induction electrode, are arranged on multi-nozzle 12 other by removably.
Second public electrode 15 of the present embodiment comprises the public pole plate of the first high pressure 151 and the public pole plate 152 of the second high pressure, the public pole plate of first high pressure 151 and the public pole plate 152 of the second high pressure are arranged in pairs in opposite directions, the narrow slit that intermediate formation one passes for described electroplate liquid, has stable high-voltage electric field in the narrow slit between the public pole plate of the first high pressure 151 and the public pole plate of the second high pressure 152.
Exemplary, the public pole plate of the first high pressure 151 and the public pole plate 152 of the second high pressure of the present embodiment are arranged as shown in Figure 1, and the oblique position in accumulator tank 16 notch of the public pole plate of the first high pressure 151 is arranged, and directly enters accumulator tank 16 when facilitating electroplate liquid to deflect.Under electroplate liquid recovery state, described electroplate liquid is by the ejection of each spout of multi-nozzle 12, the electrical characteristic starting the electroplate liquid that corresponding first electrode makes described multi-nozzle spray are non-neutral, high-voltage electric field in the narrow slit between the public pole plate of the first high pressure 151 and the public pole plate 152 of the second high pressure, electroplate liquid is partial to the first high pressure public pole plate 151 side and is flowed directly in described accumulator tank.
Of course, in other embodiments, the mounting base of the present embodiment can be the mounting base that metal plate as described in Figure 1 also can be arranged to other forms.First electrode of the present embodiment can also select the electrode of other forms, can be set to positive electrode or negative potential as required, except removably is arranged on by multi-nozzle, can also connect firmly by multi-nozzle.
In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 6, described first electrode of the present invention and described second public electrode can also be described first electrodes is induction electrode, and described second public electrode is single public electrode pole plate.Compared to the second public electrode in embodiment one, the second public electrode shown in Fig. 6 eliminates the public pole plate of the second high pressure.Principle is: the second high pressure public electrode is in and the first electrode same potential.Plating liquidus is subject to the attraction of the induction electrode charges of different polarity and advance track is deflected on the direction of advancing.
In other embodiments, as shown in Figure 7, described first electrode of the present invention and described second public electrode can also be integrated on same induction electrode, switched make electroplate liquid be non-electric neutrality and deflect to side by the polarity controlling described induction electrode.Compared to the first electrode in embodiment one and the second public electrode, the first electrode shown in Fig. 7 and the second public electrode are shared one piece of induction electrodes, and it lengthens along plating liquidus direction.Principle is: this induction electrode, if positively charged, plating liquidus induces negative charge, and along the length direction of this induction electrode, plating liquidus can be subject to the attraction of this induction electrode and deflect.
In addition, the spout quantity on the multi-nozzle of the present embodiment and caliber size can be arranged according to actual needs, preferably by the uniform arrangement of whole spout intervals on the same line.
The metalwork rapid shaping printhead of the present embodiment can directly be applied on more existing rapid shaping type printers, replaces the printhead that it is original, can realize metalwork rapid shaping and print.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 2, the present embodiment proposes a kind of metalwork rapid shaping type printer, comprise Controlling System 20, force (forcing) pump 30, printhead 10, electroplate liquid case 40, first plating pole plate 50, second plating pole plate 60 and electroplating power supply 70, one end and first of electroplating power supply 70 is electroplated pole plate 50 and is connected, the other end and second of electroplating power supply 70 is electroplated pole plate 60 and is connected, first plating pole plate 50 is placed in electroplate liquid case 40, one side of the second plating pole plate 60 is towards printhead 10, electroplate liquid in electroplate liquid case 40 is pumped to printhead 10 by force (forcing) pump 30, by printhead 10 spray described electroplate liquid to the second electroplate pole plate 60 a side on carry out electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching.
Wherein, printhead 10 of the present invention is above-mentioned metalwork rapid shaping printhead, and the concrete structure of printhead 10 can content directly in reference example one, and this repeats no more.
Concrete, as shown in Figure 2, the multi-nozzle 12 of the printhead 10 of the present embodiment is arranged vertically downward, and a side of the second plating pole plate 60 is towards multi-nozzle 12, and the second plating pole plate 60 is horizontally disposed immediately below printhead 10.
Exemplary, as shown in Figure 2, the metalwork rapid shaping type printer of the present embodiment also comprises uncovered electroplate liquid collection box 80, recovery pump 90, frame (not shown) and two-dimension displacement system 100.
As shown in Figure 2, the present embodiment second is electroplated pole plate 60 and is horizontally set in electroplate liquid collection box 80, the notch of the accumulator tank 16 in printhead 10 is towards the second public electrode 15, and described electroplate liquid passes through accumulator tank 16 and electroplate liquid collection box 80, by recovery pump 90 pumped back electroplate liquid case 40.
As shown in Figure 2, the two-dimension displacement system 100 of the present embodiment is arranged in described frame, and printhead 10 is arranged in two-dimension displacement system 100, drives printhead 10 do left and right relative to the second plating pole plate 60 and move up and down by two-dimension displacement system 100.
As shown in Figure 2, the Controlling System 20 of the present embodiment selects computer, first plating pole plate 50 selects copper coin as anode, second plating pole plate 60 selects graphite guide electroplax as negative electrode, the positive pole of the external electroplating power supply 70 of the first plating pole plate 50, the negative pole of the external electroplating power supply of the second plating pole plate 60, Controlling System 20 control linkage two-dimension displacement system 100, force (forcing) pump 30, recovery pump 90, first electrode 14, second public electrode 15 and electroplating power supply 70, technician can input 3D model data in Controlling System 20, identify that rear automatic control printhead 10 carries out successively material electrochemical and deposits the metalwork 601 having printed different shape on the second plating pole plate 60 by Controlling System 20.
The each spout of multi-nozzle 12 of the printhead 10 that the present embodiment adopts is that a rectilineal interval is evenly arranged.And in other embodiments, in order to be suitable for wider corresponding zone or improve print speed or precision, multiple printhead can be adopted to carry out series combination use.Wherein, the present invention proposes a kind of preferred printhead series combination structure: be staggered on the two sides of a mounting plate 17 by multiple printhead 10 as Suo Shi Fig. 3 (Fig. 3 only illustrates main body 11 and multi-nozzle 12 part), be convenient to realize spacing between adjacent multi-nozzle 12 and be evenly arranged.
Of course, the parts such as frame, Controlling System, two-dimension displacement system, force (forcing) pump, electroplate liquid case, the first plating pole plate, the second plating pole plate, electroplating power supply and electroplate liquid collection box of the present embodiment all directly can carry out market outsourcing, carry out assembling application more in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, or instruction of the present invention is installed on existing type printer reequips accordingly, repeat no more herein.
In other embodiments, can also be that printhead maintains static, by second plating pole plate be arranged in two-dimension displacement system, change into driving second electroplate pole plate do left and right and move up and down.The present embodiment is that the 3D utilizing electrochemical deposition principle to carry out metal prints, if the first plating pole plate and second are electroplated the location swap of pole plate, then can become the 3D utilizing the mode of electrolytic etching to carry out metal and print.
What the present embodiment adopted is that 3D as shown in Figure 2 prints part underneath type type printer, in other embodiments, the present invention can also be that the 3D be arranged to vertically upward by the described multi-nozzle of described printhead as shown in Figure 4 prints part up-set type type printer, or the described multi-nozzle of the described printhead 3D tilting to be arranged to down is as shown in Figure 5 printed part offset type printer, the parts such as corresponding second plating pole plate do accommodation as shown in the figure, repeat no more herein.
Exemplary, the metalwork rapid shaping type printer utilizing the present embodiment above-mentioned prints metalwork, and the composition of the electroplate liquid selected is as follows:
Operational condition:
Solution temperature 50 ~ 60 DEG C
PH value 3.5 ~ 4.5
Current density 1 ~ 2A/dm
2
Concrete print procedure is as follows:
1, in Controlling System 20, input the 3D data of metalwork, generate corresponding control signal after identifying 3D data by Controlling System 20 and be sent on corresponding parts.
2, starting two-dimension displacement system 100 moves on specified location by printhead 10, starts electroplating power supply 70.
3, start the first electrode 14, second public electrode 15 and force (forcing) pump 30, difference first electrode being wherein in the different nozzle of multi-nozzle is not unified to be opened and closed, but carries out corresponding separately keying according to control signal:
For the point needing to carry out printing, do not start the first electrode to position should be put, the electroplate liquid not starting the spout ejection of the first electrode is electric neutrality, the point that the direct vertical sand shooting of electroplate liquid is specified on the second plating pole plate, realize electrochemical deposition, form a plating point, complete the accumulation of a point, lose cationic electroplate liquid liquid and get back to electroplate liquid case from electroplate liquid collection box through recovery pump.
For the point not needing to carry out printing, start the first electrode should putting position, start the electroplate liquid of the nozzle ejection that the first electrode pair is answered, by the induction of the first electrode, the electrical characteristic of electroplate liquid are non-neutral, when this electroplate liquid enters the narrow slit between the public pole plate of the first high pressure and the public pole plate of the second high pressure, deflect under the effect of high-voltage electric field, then enter accumulator tank, do not participate in 3D and print, then recycled by recovery pump pumped back electroplate liquid case.
4, drive printhead 10 to move by two-dimension displacement system 100, complete the accumulation of this layer.After certain one deck plating (electroforming) accumulation terminates, Controlling System 20 controls two-dimension displacement system 100 and moves, and starts the accumulation of another layer.And whether short transverse moves, by the range according to electroplate liquid, factors such as pressure and determining, have not necessarily often piled up one deck and will move once.
5, print end, three-dimensional metal part printing shaping, it is taken off from the second plating pole plate 60.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment proposes a kind of metalwork rapid shaping Method of printing, electroplate liquid is used successively to form electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching, carry out the printing of metalwork, carry out, in electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching process, controlling the electrical characteristic of described electroplate liquid at described electroplate liquid.
Needing the position of carrying out described electroplate liquid printing, described electroplate liquid injects directly on this position, completes the printing of this position.
In the position not needing to carry out printing, change the electrical characteristic of the described electroplate liquid of ejection, described electroplate liquid is deflected, electroplate liquid is not appeared at not to be needed on the position of printing.
Concrete, the present embodiment is that type printer described in embodiment two carries out the printing of metalwork (concrete structure and concrete use procedure can the descriptions of direct reference example two, repeat no more) herein, described electroplate liquid carries out in electrochemical deposition process, by controlling the keying of each the first pole plate 14, optionally make the whether charged electric field entering the second public electrode 15 of electroplate liquid of corresponding ejection, the enterprising windrow in position that electroplate liquid is printed at needs amasss, and enters accumulator tank not needing the position upper deflecting printed.
Carry out in electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching process at described electroplate liquid, participated in the number of the plating fluid column that 3D prints according to a certain moment by Controlling System, total electroplating current output valve is regulated and controled effectively and timely, make each participate in the galvanic deposit point of 3D printing or the geometrical dimension of electrolytic etching point, in whole 3D print procedure, remain consistent.
With above-mentioned be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a metalwork rapid shaping printhead, comprises body and multi-nozzle, and described multi-nozzle is arranged on the body; It is characterized in that: it is non-electroneutral first electrode and for making the second public electrode in non-electroneutral electroplate liquid deflection that described printhead also comprises for controlling by described multi-jet electroplate liquid; Under printhead is in running order, described electroplate liquid sprays through described multi-nozzle, successively through described first electrode and described second public electrode.
2. metalwork rapid shaping printhead as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described printhead also comprises the accumulator tank of the recovery for accepting deflected electroplate liquid, described accumulator tank is arranged on the side of described second public electrode.
3. metalwork rapid shaping printhead as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described printhead also comprises a mounting base, described body, the second public electrode and accumulator tank are arranged on the same side of described mounting base, and the nozzle correspondence of each the ejection electroplate liquid on described multi-nozzle is provided with described first electrode; Under electroplate liquid recovery state, described electroplate liquid is by the ejection of each spout of described multi-nozzle, the electrical characteristic starting the electroplate liquid that corresponding described first electrode makes described multi-nozzle spray be non-neutral, and through described second public electrode, electroplate liquid deflects in the described accumulator tank of inflow.
4. the metalwork rapid shaping printhead as described in any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that: described first electrode is induction electrode; Described second public electrode comprises the public pole plate of the first high pressure and the public pole plate of the second high pressure, and the public pole plate of described first high pressure and the public pole plate of described second high pressure are arranged in opposite directions, the narrow slit that intermediate formation one passes for described electroplate liquid.
5. the metalwork rapid shaping printhead as described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: described first electrode and described second public electrode are integrated on same induction electrode, switched by the polarity controlling described induction electrode and make electroplate liquid be non-electric neutrality and deflect to side.
6. the metalwork rapid shaping printhead as described in any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that: described first electrode is induction electrode, and described second public electrode is single public electrode pole plate.
7. a metalwork rapid shaping type printer, comprise Controlling System, force (forcing) pump, printhead, electroplate liquid case, first plating pole plate, second plating pole plate and electroplating power supply, one end and described first of described electroplating power supply is electroplated pole plate and is connected, the other end and described second of described electroplating power supply is electroplated pole plate and is connected, described first plating pole plate is placed in described electroplate liquid case, one side of described second plating pole plate is towards described printhead, electroplate liquid in described electroplate liquid case is pumped to described printhead by described force (forcing) pump, spray described electroplate liquid by described printhead and carry out electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching to a side of described second plating pole plate, it is characterized in that: described printhead is the metalwork rapid shaping printhead described in any one of claim 1-6.
8. metalwork rapid shaping type printer as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: described printhead is multiple, multiple described printhead is staggered on the two sides of a mounting plate.
9. metalwork rapid shaping type printer as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: vertically upward or vertically downward or tilt to arrange down, a side of described second plating pole plate is towards described multi-nozzle for the described multi-nozzle of described printhead.
10. the metalwork rapid shaping type printer as described in any one of claim 7-9, it is characterized in that: described type printer also comprises uncovered electroplate liquid collection box and recovery pump, described second plating pole plate is arranged in described electroplate liquid collection box, described printhead also comprises the accumulator tank reclaimed for accepting deflected electroplate liquid, the notch of described accumulator tank is towards described second public electrode, described electroplate liquid passes through described accumulator tank and described electroplate liquid collection box, by electroplate liquid case described in described recovery pump pumped back.
11. 1 kinds of metalwork rapid shaping Method of printings, electroplate liquid is used successively to form electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching, carry out the printing of metalwork, it is characterized in that: carry out, in electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching process, controlling the electrical characteristic of described electroplate liquid at described electroplate liquid; Needing the position of carrying out described electroplate liquid printing, described electroplate liquid injects directly on this position, completes the printing of this position; In the position not needing to carry out printing, change the electrical characteristic of the described electroplate liquid of ejection, described electroplate liquid is deflected, electroplate liquid is not appeared at not to be needed on the position of printing.
12. metalwork rapid shaping Method of printings as claimed in claim 11, it is characterized in that: carry out in electrochemical deposition or electrolytic etching process at described electroplate liquid, participated in the number of the plating fluid column that 3D prints according to a certain moment by Controlling System, total electroplating current output valve is regulated and controled effectively and timely, make each participate in the galvanic deposit point of 3D printing or the geometrical dimension of electrolytic etching point, in whole 3D print procedure, remain consistent.
13. metalwork rapid shaping Method of printings as described in claim 11 or 12, is characterized in that: described Method of printing utilizes the type printer described in any one of claim 7-10 to carry out the printing of metalwork.
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