CN105112683B

CN105112683B - The floating smelting process of one kind rotation and rotation are floated and smelt nozzle

Info

Publication number: CN105112683B
Application number: CN201510655559.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周松林
Original assignee: Yanggu Xiangguang Copper Co Ltd
Current assignee: Yanggu Xiangguang Copper Co Ltd
Priority date: 2015-10-05
Filing date: 2015-10-05
Publication date: 2017-11-17
Anticipated expiration: 2035-10-05
Also published as: CN105112683A

Abstract

The invention provides one kind to revolve floating smelting process, Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area and fractional order reaction improve the programming rate and reaction speed of material, stronger swirl strength improves the time that the mixing uniformity of material and oxygen-enriched air and material suspend in reaction tower, metallurgical reaction is significantly promoted to carry out and react complete, the production capacity of Flash Smelting Furnace is improved, preferably realizes the floating smelting of rotation to high impurity concentrate.Present invention also offers a kind of floating smelting nozzle of rotation realized above-mentioned rotation and float smelting process.

Description

The floating smelting process of one kind rotation and rotation are floated and smelt nozzle

Technical field

The present invention relates to non-ferrous metal metallurgy technical field, revolves floating smelting process more particularly, to one kind and rotation is floated and smelts spray Mouth.

Background technology

In non-ferrous metal metallurgy industry, especially Copper making industry, suspension flash smelting technique are most important smeltings One of technology, its technological principle are：First by the gas needed for metallurgical reaction, typically oxygen-enriched air, sprayed into by smelting nozzle In the reaction tower of Flash Smelting Furnace；Then by the solid-state granular material needed for dried metallurgical reaction, generally include concentrate, flux with And returning charge, sprayed into by smelting nozzle in the reaction tower of Flash Smelting Furnace；Solid-state granular material and oxygen-enriched air are after nozzle ejection, mutually Gas material fluid-mixing is mixed to form, solid-state granular material is suspended in the reaction tower full of oxygen-enriched air and with higher oxygen gesture In space, material particle is fully mixed with the oxygen in oxygen-enriched air and contact, due to the particle diameter very little of solid-state granular material, tool There is huge surface area so that solid-state granular material completes metallurgical reaction with oxygen within moment (2~3 seconds), and output is corresponding Metallurgical products, reach the smelting purpose of desulfurization deferrization.Because metallurgical reaction is completed in a short period of time, reaction speed quickly, Therefore named suspension flash is smelted, and realizes that the metallurgical furnace of above-mentioned suspension flash smelting process is referred to as Flash Smelting Furnace.

In recent years because Copper making ability is acutely expanded, the supply of high-quality copper concentrate becomes more and more nervous, copper concentrate by Gradual change obtains " low-grade " and/or " high impurity ".Low-grade, the content for referring to metal target copper in copper concentrate is relatively low；It is high miscellaneous The content of the impurity element such as matter, lead, zinc, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and/or the tin being primarily referred to as in copper concentrate is higher.

And it is well known that suspension flash smelt in flash furnace structure, nozzle arrangements and smelting process etc. be for Handle phosphorus concentrate and design, it is not appropriate for the concentrate for handling low-grade and/or high impurity：When suspension flash smelts low product During the copper concentrate of position, the content of the metal target copper in copper concentrate is relatively low, it is meant that the lower valency element sulphur in copper concentrate Content is higher, and lower valency element sulphur can produce more heat equivalent to the fuel in metallurgical reaction under identical copper concentrate inventory Amount, causes furnace temperature too high, body of heater bears higher thermic load, reduces the service life of body of heater, so as to limit suspension flash The ability of metallurgy low-grade copper concentrate；When suspension flash smelts the copper concentrate of high impurity, lead, zinc, arsenic in copper concentrate, The content of the impurity elements such as antimony, bismuth and/or tin is higher, and these impurity can reduce the programming rate of copper concentrate, raise copper concentrate Reaction temperature, the reaction speed of copper concentrate is reduced, easily causes that metallurgical reaction is incomplete, reduce the production capacity of Flash Smelting Furnace, So as to limit the ability of the high impurity copper concentrate of suspension flash metallurgy.In actual production, current suspension flash smelting side Method and suspension flash smelting nozzle can't preferably realize the smelting to low-grade and/or high impurity concentrate.

Therefore, how using existing Flash Smelting Furnace, preferably realize that the smelting to high impurity concentrate is people in the art The technical problem of member's urgent need to resolve.

The content of the invention

Based on described above, it is an object of the invention to provide one kind to revolve floating smelting process, and the rotation is floated smelting process and utilized Existing Flash Smelting Furnace, it can preferably realize the smelting to high impurity concentrate.It is a further object to provide a kind of real The floating smelting nozzle of rotation of smelting process is floated in existing above-mentioned rotation.

To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：

The floating smelting process of one kind rotation, comprises the following steps：

1) reaction tower, institute will be sprayed into from reaction column overhead by rotary first oxygen-enriched air as caused by the first cyclone The horizontal cross-section for stating the circulation path of rotary first oxygen-enriched air is ring-type, and first cyclone is to be returned for producing center Scroll casing type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or the bladed axial swirler in area and/or exteenal reflux area are flowed, is sprayed into described anti- Ying Tahou, being formed in rotary first oxygen-enriched air on its interior can roll up the Central backflow area for inhaling gas backstreaming And/or the exteenal reflux area for inhaling gas backstreaming can be rolled up on the outside of it；

By as caused by the second cyclone rotary second oxygen-enriched air from the outside of rotary first oxygen-enriched air The reaction tower is sprayed into the form of around rotary first oxygen-enriched air, second cyclone is for producing center The scroll casing type cyclone in recirculating zone and/or exteenal reflux area, tangential vane formula cyclone or bladed axial swirler, described in penetrating After reaction tower, the Central backflow area that can roll up suction gas backstreaming on its interior is formed in rotary second oxygen-enriched air And/or the exteenal reflux area for inhaling gas backstreaming can be rolled up on the outside of it；

Rotary first oxygen-enriched air is mixed to form with rotary second oxygen-enriched air in the reaction tower Mixed airflow, Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area in rotary first oxygen-enriched air with it is corresponding described rotary Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area in second oxygen-enriched air be overlapped mutually as a corresponding Central backflow area and/or Exteenal reflux area；

2) the solid-state granular material needed for metallurgical reaction is surrounded by rotary first oxygen-enriched air in the step 1) Cavity passage be sent into the reaction tower；

3) mixed airflow in the step 1) is mixed to form gas material fluid-mixing with the material in the step 2), simultaneously The gas material fluid-mixing absorbs the heat of hot gas in Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area after superposition to metallurgical reaction institute Temperature is needed, then the material occurs metallurgical with the oxygen in rotary first oxygen-enriched air and rotary second oxygen-enriched air Reaction, the mixture either mixture of metal and slag for generating metal sulfonium and slag are fallen into sedimentation basin.

Preferably, the rotary percent by volume for stating oxygen in the first oxygen-enriched air is 50%~65%.

Preferably, the percent by volume of oxygen is 50%~65% in rotary second oxygen-enriched air.

Preferably, the cavity passage that the 3rd oxygen-enriched air is surrounded by the material is sprayed into the reaction tower.

Compared with prior art, floating smelting process is revolved the invention provides one kind, the rotation floats smelting process and selects the first One cyclone and the second cyclone are the scroll casing type cyclone that can produce Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area, tangential leaf Chip cyclone or bladed axial swirler；Then by the first cyclone by pipeline come the first oxygen-enriched air convert Into rotary first oxygen-enriched air with axial velocity, radial velocity and tangential velocity, by the second cyclone by pipeline The second oxygen-enriched air that conveying comes changes into the rotary second oxygen-enriched sky with axial velocity, radial velocity and tangential velocity Gas；Then rotary first oxygen-enriched air and rotary second oxygen-enriched air are separately sprayed into reaction tower.Rotary first is oxygen-enriched Air is the air-flow of the strong swirl strength as caused by the first cyclone, and rotary second oxygen-enriched air is produced by the second cyclone Strong swirl strength air-flow, the two can produce Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area.Rotary first oxygen-enriched air with Rotary second oxygen-enriched air mixes to form mixed airflow, forms coaxial swirling eddy, the Central backflow area of former each self-forming and/ Or exteenal reflux area is overlapped mutually as a corresponding Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area.

One be stabilized, size shape rationally, in reaction tower the rational Central backflow area of distributing position and/or outer is returned Area is flowed, correspondingly a large amount of high-temperature gases of middle and lower part in reaction tower and/or periphery volume can be sucked back and flow to reaction tower center Cylindrical region, especially nozzle exit, the material directly contact of the high-temperature gas largely to flow back and firm delivery nozzle, utilize its institute The amount of heat contained carries out quick heat temperature raising to material, improves the programming rate of material；The above-mentioned High Temperature Gas largely to flow back Body also improves nozzle exit and environment temperature below, improves the reaction speed of material and oxygen-enriched air.

The present invention makes it be realized with rotary first oxygen-enriched air collective effect by setting rotary second oxygen-enriched air The classification metallurgical reaction of fractional combustion in Combustion is similar to, catching fire and stable react beneficial to material；The two collective effect The coaxial swirling eddy of mixing is formd, the Central backflow area of each self-forming and/or exteenal reflux area are overlapped mutually as one, can be with Bigger, more stable Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area are produced, volume is inhaled more high-temperature gas backflows, further increased The programming rate and reaction speed of material, carried out beneficial to metallurgical reaction and react complete, improve the production capacity of Flash Smelting Furnace.This Powder-wind-wind the pattern for inventing to be distributed from inside to outside, is " bellows chamber powder " pattern, rotary first oxygen-enriched air with it is rotary Second oxygen-enriched air is adjacent, and centre does not have other materials estrangement, is advantageous to the generation of above-mentioned classification metallurgical reaction and lasting progress.

Scroll casing type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or the bladed axial swirler that the present invention selects are strong eddy flow Device so that rotary first oxygen-enriched air and rotary second oxygen-enriched air are respectively provided with stronger swirl strength；Rotary first After oxygen-enriched air and the mixing of rotary second oxygen-enriched air, the mixed airflow formed has than independent rotary first oxygen-enriched sky Gas or the individually higher swirl strength of rotary second oxygen-enriched air；Higher swirl strength causes granular material to be mixed with above-mentioned Air-flow mixing more rapidly, evenly, improve material and suspended in reaction tower space time of delay, improve material with it is rich The contact probability of oxygen and time of contact in oxygen air, carried out beneficial to metallurgical reaction and react complete, improve the life of Flash Smelting Furnace Production capacity power.

To sum up, the presence in Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area and rotary first oxygen-enriched air and rotary second The classification metallurgical reaction that oxygen-enriched air is formed improves the programming rate and reaction speed of material, pointedly reduces high impurity The element such as lead, zinc, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and/or tin is to material programming rate in smelting process and the passive shadow of reaction speed in concentrate Ring, furthermore stronger swirl strength improves the mixing velocity and mixing uniformity of material and mixed airflow, improves material It is the time to be suspended in reaction tower, above-mentioned so as to improve the contact probability of material and oxygen in mixed airflow and time of contact Multiple favorable factors be combined with each other, and mutually promote, and significantly promote metallurgical reaction and carry out and react complete, improve Flash Smelting Furnace Production capacity, preferably realize the floating smelting of rotation to high impurity concentrate.

Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area accordingly flow back the high temperature gas flow of middle and lower part in reaction tower and/or periphery To reaction tower central area, the heat in reaction tower is forcibly concentrated to reaction tower central area, reduced near furnace wall Temperature, reduce the thermic load that furnace wall is born, reduce the high temperature corrosion to furnace wall of the molten mass and flue gas of high temperature and wash away, Element sulphur negative influence to caused by flash furnace body of high level in low-grade concentrate is pointedly reduced, improves stove The service life of body, preferably realize the floating smelting of rotation to low-grade concentrate.Technical scheme provided by the present invention for Property reduce in high impurity concentrate the element such as lead, zinc, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and/or tin to material programming rate in smelting process and anti- The negative influence of speed is answered, while preferably realizing that rotation to high impurity concentrate is floating to smelt, is also achieved unexpected Technique effect：Pointedly reduce the element sulphur of high level in the low-grade concentrate passive shadow to caused by flash furnace body Ring, preferably realize the floating smelting of rotation to low-grade concentrate, so that the floating smelting process of rotation provided by the invention can be located Manage high impurity concentrate, the low-grade concentrate of and can processing.

Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area accordingly flow back the high temperature gas flow of middle and lower part in reaction tower and/or periphery To reaction tower central area, the heat of middle and lower part in reaction tower and/or periphery is forcibly concentrated to reaction tower central area, Surplus heat existing in reaction tower is made full use of to heat the material sprayed into reaction tower, after reaching reaction temperature, hair Raw metallurgical reaction, while release substantial amounts of chemical heat, i.e., the heat in environment is first absorbed, then heat is discharged into environment, control The property and smelting process parameter of material, can realize that heat budget balances completely, not have to burn again after metallurgical reaction is triggered Fuel, so as to reduce energy consumption and production cost, protects environment, realizes self-heating to additional heat near nozzle exit Smelt.

Further, the present invention is by controlling oxygen in rotary first oxygen-enriched air and/or rotary second oxygen-enriched air The percent by volume of gas is 50%~65%, on the one hand meets needs of the metallurgical reaction to oxygen so that metallurgical reaction is all the time Carried out under higher oxygen gesture；On the other hand make it that the mixed airflow after participation completion metallurgical reaction still can with enough Material is driven to continue the air quantity and energy of motion so that the motion of material the second half does not deviate by original movement trajectory, so as to be beneficial to thing Material fully contacts with oxygen-enriched air, is carried out beneficial to metallurgical reaction and reacts complete.Meanwhile also cause oxygen generating plant without regeneration The high oxygen-enriched air of 70%~85% (percent by volume) or industrial pure oxygen are produced, the percent by volume for directly producing oxygen is 50% ~65% oxygen-enriched air, so as to significantly reduce the energy consumption of oxygen generating plant and production cost, significantly reduce smelting enterprise The energy consumption and production cost of industry.The present invention achieves unexpected while solving above-mentioned technical problem to be solved Technique effect --- low oxygen-rich smelting is realized, the energy consumption and production cost of smelting enterprise is significantly reduced, also overcomes coloured In metal smelt technical field technology prejudice --- oxygen-rich concentration is higher, metallurgical reaction is better.

The present invention also provides a kind of floating smelting nozzle of rotation realized above-mentioned rotation and float smelting process, including for being supplied to reaction tower To the feeding device of solid-state granular material needed for metallurgical reaction, for supplying rotary first oxygen-enriched air to the reaction tower First feeder and the second feeder for supplying rotary second oxygen-enriched air to the reaction tower；

The feeding device includes feeder sleeve, and first feeder is described including the first air supply pipe and for producing First cyclone of rotary first oxygen-enriched air, second feeder are described including the second air supply pipe and for producing Second cyclone of rotary second oxygen-enriched air；

First air supply pipe is set in the outside of the feeder sleeve, and second air supply pipe is set in first supply The outside of pipe, the cavity in the feeder sleeve form material channel, the cavity between first air supply pipe and the feeder sleeve The first oxygen-enriched air passage is formed, the cavity between second air supply pipe and first air supply pipe forms the second oxygen-enriched air Passage；

First cyclone is arranged in the first oxygen-enriched air passage, and second cyclone is arranged at described In two oxygen-enriched air passages；

First cyclone is for the scroll casing type cyclone for producing Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area, tangential leaf Chip cyclone or bladed axial swirler, second cyclone are for producing Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area Scroll casing type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or bladed axial swirler.

Preferably, in addition to for the reaction tower supply the 3rd oxygen-enriched air the 3rd feeder, the described 3rd Feeder includes the 3rd air supply pipe, and the 3rd air supply pipe is set in the inside of the feeder sleeve；The feeder sleeve with it is described Circular passage between 3rd air supply pipe is material channel, and the cavity in the 3rd air supply pipe forms the 3rd oxygen-enriched air and led to Road.

Preferably, first feeder also includes several pipe outer wall circumferential surface is tangent cuts with the described first supply To air inlet pipe, the airintake direction of several tangential admission pipes on first air supply pipe is same direction of rotation；Institute Stating the second feeder also includes several and the described second tangent tangential admission pipe of supply pipe outer wall circumferential surface, and described second The airintake direction of several tangential admission pipes on air supply pipe is same direction of rotation.

Preferably, first air supply pipe also includes external diameter and the setting that external diameter is more than the first air supply pipe remainder Wide diameter part at the first air supply pipe air inlet；Second air supply pipe also remains including external diameter more than second air supply pipe The external diameter of remaining part point and the wide diameter part being arranged at the second air supply pipe air inlet.

Preferably, in addition to it is arranged in the floating smelting nozzle of the rotation, the igniting for producing heat initiation metallurgical reaction Device, the down-firing end of the igniter is on the floating longitudinal center line for smelting nozzle of the rotation.

Preferably, the outlet at bottom of the feeder sleeve is straight pipe type outlet, the outlet at bottom of first air supply pipe be from The flaring mouth that top to bottm gradually expands outwardly, the outlet at bottom of second air supply pipe are gradually to expand outwardly from top to bottom gradually Enlarging, the outlet at bottom of the 3rd air supply pipe export for straight pipe type；The outlet at bottom of the feeder sleeve supplies positioned at the described 3rd The lower section of tracheae outlet at bottom, the outlet at bottom of first air supply pipe is located at the lower section of the feeder sleeve outlet at bottom, described The outlet at bottom of second air supply pipe is located at the lower section of the first air supply pipe outlet at bottom.

The invention provides a kind of rotation it is floating smelt nozzle, to realize that smelting process is floated in above-mentioned rotation, therefore the rotation is floated Smelting nozzle, there is above-mentioned rotation to float the whole advantageous effects of smelting process, and here is omitted.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the floating operation principle schematic diagram for smelting nozzle of rotation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the flow field schematic diagram in Fig. 1 floating exit for smelting nozzle of rotation.

In figure：1 feeder sleeve, 101 materials, 102 three cuff techniques, 103 material airs, 2 first air supply pipes, 201 rotary One oxygen-enriched air, 202 first cyclones, 3 second air supply pipes, 301 rotary second oxygen-enriched air, 302 second cyclones, 4 Three air supply pipes, 401 the 3rd oxygen-enriched air, 5 wide diameter parts, 6 taper portions, 7 flaring mouths, 8 Central backflow areas, 9 exteenal reflux areas.

Embodiment

To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is The part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ordinary skill people The every other embodiment that member is obtained on the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.

In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " on ", " under ", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outer ", " clockwise ", " inverse The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as hour hands ", " level ", " vertical " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, are only Described for the ease of description is of the invention with simplified, rather than the device or element of instruction or hint meaning must be with specifically sides Position, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.

In addition, term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that instruction or hint relative importance Or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, " first " is limited, the feature of " second " can be expressed or imply Ground includes one or more this feature.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature it " on " or it " under ", Can directly it be contacted including the first and second features, it is not directly to contact but pass through it that can also include the first and second features Between other characterisation contact.Moreover, fisrt feature second feature " on ", " top " and " above " to include first special Sign is in the surface of second feature and oblique upper, or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height and is higher than second feature.First is special Sign second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " including fisrt feature in the underface of second feature and obliquely downward, or only Only represent that fisrt feature level height is less than second feature.

As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 2, Fig. 1 is the floating operation principle schematic diagram for smelting nozzle of rotation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；Figure 2 be the flow field schematic diagram in Fig. 1 floating exit for smelting nozzle of rotation, the first cyclone, the second cyclone shown in Fig. 1 and Three cuff technique is bladed axial swirler.

The invention provides one kind to revolve floating smelting process, comprises the following steps：

1) will rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 as caused by the first cyclone 202 sprayed into from reaction column overhead it is described anti- Tower is answered, the horizontal cross-section of the circulation path of rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 is ring-type, and first cyclone 202 is For producing the scroll casing type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or axial blade type of Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9 Cyclone, after spraying into the reaction tower, being formed in rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 on its interior can roll up air-breathing The Central backflow area 8 of body backflow and/or the exteenal reflux area 9 that can roll up suction gas backstreaming on the outside of it；

Will as caused by the second cyclone 302 rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 from rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 outside sprays into the reaction tower, second cyclone in the form of around rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 302 be the scroll casing type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or axial leaf for producing Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9 Chip cyclone, after spraying into the reaction tower, being formed in rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 on its interior can roll up Inhale the Central backflow area 8 of gas backstreaming and/or can roll up the exteenal reflux area 9 for inhaling gas backstreaming on the outside of it；

Rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 mixes with rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 in the reaction tower Conjunction forms mixed airflow, the Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9 in rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 with it is corresponding Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9 in rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 are overlapped mutually corresponding as one Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9；

2) by the solid-state granular material 101 needed for metallurgical reaction by rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 in the step 1) The cavity passage surrounded is sent into the reaction tower；

3) mixed airflow in the step 1) is mixed to form gas material fluid-mixing with the material 101 in the step 2), The gas material fluid-mixing absorbs the heat of hot gas in Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9 after superposition to metallurgy simultaneously Temperature needed for reaction, the then material 101 and rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 In oxygen metallurgical reaction occurs, the mixture either mixture of metal and slag for generating metal sulfonium and slag falls into sedimentation basin In.

The floating smelting process of rotation provided by the invention includes the floating method of smelting of rotation and the floating converting method of rotation.For revolving floating melting side Method, above-mentioned material 101 are the mixing material of concentrate, returning charge and flux etc., and concentrate is the vulcanised ore concentrate of copper, nickel, lead or zinc, such as Copper sulfide concentrate, returning charge include slag concentrate, blowing slag and/or cigarette ash, and flux is quartz, and the product that metallurgical reaction obtains is metal The mixture of sulfonium and slag, such as matte and smelting slag.For revolving floating converting method, above-mentioned material 101 is concentrate, returning charge and melted The mixing material of agent etc., concentrate are the metal sulfonium of copper, nickel, lead or zinc, such as matte, and returning charge includes cigarette ash, flux to be quartzy and/or Lime, the product that metallurgical reaction obtains are the mixture of metal and slag, such as blister copper and blowing slag.

Floating smelting process is revolved the invention provides one kind, and the rotation floats smelting process and selects the first cyclone 202 and the first Two cyclones 302 are scroll casing type cyclone, the tangential vane formula eddy flow that can produce Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9 Device or bladed axial swirler；Then by the first cyclone 202 by pipeline come the first oxygen-enriched air change into tool There is rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 of axial velocity, radial velocity and tangential velocity, will pipe by the second cyclone 302 It is oxygen-enriched that the second oxygen-enriched air that road conveying comes changes into rotary second with axial velocity, radial velocity and tangential velocity Air 301；Then rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 are separately sprayed into reaction tower.Rotation The first oxygen-enriched air of formula 201 is the air-flow of the strong swirl strength as caused by the first cyclone 202, rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 be the air-flow of the strong swirl strength as caused by the second cyclone 302, and the two can produce Central backflow area 8 and/or outer time Flow area 9.Rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 is mixed to form mixed airflow with rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301, forms coaxial rotation Turn air-flow, the Central backflow area 8 of former each self-forming and/or exteenal reflux area 9 are overlapped mutually as a corresponding Central backflow area 8 And/or exteenal reflux area 9.

First cyclone 202 can be scroll casing type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or bladed axial swirler, but Can not be the tangential admission pipe of most original, because its air resistance is big, the swirl strength of caused rotary gas is weaker, axially speed Degree, tangential velocity and the size of radial velocity and direction are unreasonable, can not form the Central backflow area 8 with practical significance And/or exteenal reflux area 9.Second cyclone 302 is same as above.

What the not every swirling eddy of formation of Central backflow area 8 or exteenal reflux area 9 all had, it is mainly by rotary pneumatic The swirl strength of stream determines that generally it can just be generated under strong swirl strength.And the swirl strength of sub-thread oxygen-enriched air only with The structural parameters of cyclone are relevant, and therefore, the formation in Central backflow area 8 or exteenal reflux area 9 is determined by the type and structure of cyclone It is fixed.The first cyclone 202 and the second cyclone 302 that the present invention selects be scroll casing type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or Bladed axial swirler, three can produce the swirling eddy of strong swirl strength, can be formed with practical significance Heart recirculating zone 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9.Preferably, it is big to control the swirl strength of the first cyclone 202 and the second cyclone 302 In 0.6.

Central backflow area 8 and exteenal reflux area 9 not necessarily form presence simultaneously, this and above-mentioned rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 is relevant with the property of rotary second oxygen-enriched air, 301 mixed mixed airflow, and the eddy flow of mainly mixed airflow is strong Degree.In actual production, it can be needed to control rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and rotary second oxygen-enriched air according to production 301 property so that Central backflow area 8 and exteenal reflux area 9 exist simultaneously, either only Central backflow area 8 or only outer return Flow area 9.

Central backflow area 8 is mainly by middle and lower part, the height that is mainly generated by the metallurgical reaction completed in reaction tower Wet body volume sucks back the axial cylindrical space flowing in reaction tower corresponding with nozzle od, mainly reverse flow nozzle exit. The size of Central backflow area 8, which characterizes it, can roll up the high-temperature gas reverse flow nozzle exit for inhaling how many volume, and volume is too small, backflow The High Temperature Gas scale of construction it is less, heating to material 101 and metallurgical reaction effect unobvious；Volume is too big, the high-temperature gas of backflow Nozzle can be accelerated and react the thermal losses of column overhead.The position of Central backflow area 8 refers to its position relative to nozzle exit Put, preferable position is that the longitudinal center line of Central backflow area 8 overlaps with the longitudinal center line of nozzle exit, in favor of to from The material 101 that nozzle exit sprays carries out uniformly quick heating.The shape of Central backflow area 8 refers to the shape presented in space Shape, preferable shape be on nozzle exit longitudinal center line it is symmetrical, in favor of to the material sprayed from nozzle exit 101 carry out uniformly quick heating.

Exteenal reflux area 9 is mainly High Temperature Gas by reaction tower inner peripheral, mainly being generated by the metallurgical reaction completed Body volume sucks back the axial cylindrical space flowing in reaction tower corresponding with nozzle od, mainly reverse flow nozzle exit.It is outer to return The formation in area 9 is flowed nor what all swirling eddies all had, and it is mainly determined by the swirl strength of swirling eddy.Exteenal reflux Area 9 is similar with the effect of Central backflow area 8, and the heat volume of reaction tower inner peripheral is drawn onto into nozzle exit or reaction tower center Region, carries out sub-distribution again by the heat in reaction tower, is forcibly concentrated to centre, carries out and has reacted beneficial to metallurgical reaction Entirely.There is also the problem of size, distributing position and shape in exteenal reflux area 9.

One be stabilized, size shape rationally, in reaction tower the rational Central backflow area 8 of distributing position and/or outer Recirculating zone 9, a large amount of high-temperature gases of middle and lower part in reaction tower or periphery volume can accordingly be sucked back to the center for flowing to reaction tower Cylindrical region, especially nozzle exit, the above-mentioned high-temperature gas largely to flow back directly contact with the material 101 of firm delivery nozzle, Heat temperature raising is carried out to material 101 using the amount of heat contained by it, improves the programming rate of material 101, it is above-mentioned largely to return The high-temperature gas of stream also improves nozzle exit and environment temperature below, improves the anti-of material 101 and oxygen-enriched air Answer speed.

The present invention includes rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301, primarily to making rotation Rotatable second oxygen-enriched air 301 forms the classification smelting for being similar to fractional combustion in Combustion with rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 Gold reaction, catching fire and surely fire beneficial to concentrate；The two collective effect can also produce bigger, more stable Central backflow area 8 and/ Or exteenal reflux area 9, the more high-temperature gases backflows of volume suction are quick to heat ignition elements material 101, provided enough, surely for metallurgical reaction Fixed heat.

Scroll casing type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or the bladed axial swirler that the present invention selects are strong eddy flow Device so that rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 are respectively provided with stronger swirl strength；Rotation After the first oxygen-enriched air of formula 201 and the mixing of rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301, the mixed airflow formed has than individually rotation The first oxygen-enriched air of formula 201 or the individually higher swirl strength of rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301；Higher swirl strength causes Granular material 101 mixed with above-mentioned mixed airflow more rapidly, evenly, improve material 101 and suspended in reaction tower space The time of delay, contact probability and the time of contact of material 101 and oxygen in oxygen-enriched air are improved, is carried out beneficial to metallurgical reaction It is complete with reaction, improve the production capacity of Flash Smelting Furnace.

In the present invention, material 101 is fallen into reaction tower in the cavity passage that rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 is surrounded, For " bellows chamber powder " pattern, reason has at 2 points：(material 101 is to revolve around it the first oxygen-enriched air of formula 201 first, " powder bag wind " pattern Form spray into reaction tower) under, now outside material 101 formed a material curtain, by rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 Circle is prohibited inside, reduces the radial velocity and tangential velocity of rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201, causes it can not form one Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9 with practical significance so that Central backflow area 8 and/or outer time can not be given full play to The advantages of flowing area 9；Second, under " bellows chamber powder " pattern, material 101 can be directly entered Central backflow area 8, be rapidly heated and catch fire, " if powder bag wind " pattern, can cause material 101 away from Central backflow area 8, it is impossible to the high-temperature gas heating being fully refluxed.

In the present invention effect of rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 be formed with rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 it is similar The classification metallurgical reaction of fractional combustion in Combustion, rather than an air curtain for being similar to cooling parclose is formed, it is classified smelting Gold reaction is advantageous to catching fire and surely firing for concentrate, is carried out beneficial to metallurgical reaction and reacts complete.In above-mentioned " bellows chamber powder " pattern Under, on the basis of rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201, rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 is added, is ultimately formed from inside to outside Powder-wind-wind pattern of distribution, rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 are adjacent, and centre does not have There is other materials estrangement, above-mentioned classification metallurgical reaction can be formed.If under " powder bag wind " pattern, addition rotary second After oxygen-enriched air 301, the wind-powder-wind pattern being distributed from inside to outside, rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and rotation are ultimately formed Across material 101 between rotatable second oxygen-enriched air 301, the two can not form above-mentioned classification metallurgical reaction effect.

The direction of rotation of rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 and rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 can be with identical, can also It is different.In the present invention, it is preferred that the direction of rotation of the two is identical.The species of first cyclone 202 and the second cyclone 302 can , can also be different with identical.

Rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 are mixed to form gas material with material 101 and mixed Collaborate body, while gas material fluid-mixing absorbs the heat of the Central backflow area 8 after superposition and/or the hot gas in exteenal reflux area 9 To temperature needed for metallurgical reaction.Hot gas is high-temperature gas existing in reaction tower., need to be in reaction tower internal combustion for cold conditions blow-on A large amount of fuel, preferably natural gas are burnt, 900 DEG C~1100 DEG C will be preheated in reaction tower, produces a large amount of high-temperature gases, can be with Meet the heat needs for triggering metallurgical reaction；For the inspection of hot blowing out point, it is necessary to which burning fuel is incubated to reaction tower, also can A large amount of high-temperature gases are produced, the heat needs for triggering metallurgical reaction can be met.Above-mentioned fuel combustion can be burnt by reaction tower Rifle is realized.

To sum up, the presence in Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9 and rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 with it is rotary The classification metallurgical reaction that second oxygen-enriched air 301 is formed improves the programming rate and reaction speed of material 101, pointedly subtracts The element such as lead, zinc, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and/or tin is to the programming rate of material in smelting process 101 and reaction in weak high impurity concentrate The negative influence of speed, furthermore stronger swirl strength improves the mixing uniformity and material 101 of material 101 and mixed airflow The time to be suspended in reaction tower, contact probability and the time of contact of material 101 and oxygen in mixed airflow are improved, it is above-mentioned more Individual favorable factor be combined with each other, and mutually promotes, and significantly promotes metallurgical reaction and carries out and react complete, improves the life of Flash Smelting Furnace Production capacity power, preferably realize the floating smelting of rotation to high impurity concentrate.

The High Temperature Gas of middle and lower part in reaction tower and/or periphery is accordingly flowed back in Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9 Reaction tower central area is flow to, the heat in reaction tower is forcibly concentrated to reaction tower central area, it is attached to reduce furnace wall Near temperature, the thermic load that furnace wall is born is reduced, reduce the high temperature corrosion and punching of the molten mass and flue gas of high temperature to furnace wall Brush, pointedly reduces element sulphur negative influence to caused by flash furnace body of high level in low-grade concentrate, improves The service life of body of heater, preferably realizes that the rotation to low-grade concentrate is floating to smelt.Technical scheme provided by the present invention exists The element such as lead, zinc, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and/or tin in high impurity concentrate is pointedly reduced to heat up to material in smelting process 101 The negative influence of speed and reaction speed, while preferably realizing that rotation to high impurity concentrate is floating to smelt, also achieve pre- Technique effect unexpectedly：The element sulphur of high level in low-grade concentrate is pointedly reduced to caused by flash furnace body Negative influence, the floating smelting of rotation to low-grade concentrate is preferably realized, so that the floating smelting process of rotation provided by the invention High impurity concentrate, the low-grade concentrate of and can processing can be handled.

The High Temperature Gas of middle and lower part in reaction tower and/or periphery is accordingly flowed back in Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9 Reaction tower central area is flow to, by the heat of middle and lower part in reaction tower and/or periphery forcibly to reaction tower central area collection In, surplus heat existing in reaction tower is made full use of to heat the material 101 sprayed into reaction tower, reaches reaction temperature Afterwards, metallurgical reaction occurs, while releases substantial amounts of chemical heat, i.e., first absorbs the heat in environment, then heat is discharged into environment, According to the property and smelting process parameter of material 101, it can realize that heat budget balances completely, not have to after metallurgical reaction is triggered Burning fuel reduces energy consumption and production cost, protects environment, realize self-heating to additional heat near nozzle exit again Formula is smelted.

According to above-mentioned, in the present invention, rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 have Two basic roles：One effect is：The oxygen needed for metallurgical reaction is provided for material 101, there is provided higher oxygen is snobbish in smelting Gold reaction is carried out；An other effect is：Power is provided for motion of the granular material 101 in reaction tower space, drives powdery Material 101 rotates.It should be evident that rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 are to fill It is self-contradictory in itself that two above-mentioned effects are waved in distribution：Oxygen is provided for material 101, then rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 oxygen-rich concentration it is the higher the better, even industrial pure oxygen；There is provided for the motion of material 101 Aerodynamic force, then oxygen-rich concentration is more low better, because oxygen participates in metallurgical reaction in oxygen-enriched air, after the completion of metallurgical reaction i.e. It is consumed, the air quantity and energy of rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 can all be consumed one Point, reduce the aerodynamic force for driving material 101 to move.Therefore, in one embodiment of the invention, control rotary first The percent by volume of oxygen is 50%~65% in oxygen-enriched air 201, it is preferred that is 52%~63%, it is furthermore preferred that being 55% ~60%.Further, the percent by volume of oxygen is 50%~65% in rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301, it is preferred that is 52%~63%, it is furthermore preferred that being 55%~60%.

In the floating smelting process of rotation, the metallurgical reaction of material 101 and oxygen is concentrated mainly on center and vertical side in reaction tower In one section of upward cylindrical space, the commonly referred to as reaction zone of reaction tower.In the present invention, when the percent by volume of oxygen is The mixed airflow of 50%~65% rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 is transported from top to bottom It is dynamic when pass through reaction zone, oxygen and the generation metallurgical reaction of material 101, i.e., 50%~65% (percent by volume) in mixed airflow Mixed airflow be consumed, the mixed airflow of remaining 35%~50% (percent by volume) drives material 101 to continue to move, and remains Remaining air quantity disclosure satisfy that needs；50%~65% energy is consumed in mixed airflow, the energy of residue 35%~50% Material 101 is driven to continue to move, remaining energy disclosure satisfy that needs.Sufficient air quantity and energy so that the second half of material 101 Motion does not deviate by original movement trajectory, continues to rotate, beneficial to fully contacting for material 101 and oxygen-enriched air, beneficial to metallurgical reaction Carry out and reaction is complete.

Metallurgical reaction is a reaction for Alternative state modulator, and multiple technological parameters cooperate, mutually promoted, with final Optimize metallurgical reaction, when some parameter therein adjusts, such as reduce, can be carried out by adjusting other parameters Make up, to cause metallurgical reaction to keep original state.In the present invention, the presence in Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9 and The classification metallurgical reaction that rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 is formed with rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 improves material 101 Programming rate and reaction speed, stronger swirl strength improve the mixing uniformity and material 101 of material 101 and oxygen-enriched air The time to be suspended in reaction tower, the above some enhance metallurgical reaction, can make up rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 with Oxygen content is suitably reduced to negative influence caused by metallurgical reaction in rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301.

On the other hand, it is oxygen-rich smelting that current suspension flash, which is smelted, the percent by volume one of oxygen in oxygen-enriched air As be 70%~85%, be high oxygen-rich smelting.In order to improve the ability for smelting low-grade and/or high impurity concentrate, smelting enterprise Common practice be the further oxygen-rich concentration improved in oxygen-enriched air.Smelting enterprise generally sets special oxygen generating plant to produce High oxygen-enriched air, product generally have two kinds, and a kind of is the oxygen content using the oxygen content of oxygen-enriched air as target product, such as： Oxygen content (percent by volume) is 70%~85% oxygen-enriched air, and the oxygen-enriched air of output is sent directly into reaction tower, without sky Gas air distribution dilutes；One kind is the industrial pure oxygen of production, and its oxygen content (percent by volume) is generally 90%~95%, is then incorporated one Quantitative air, oxygen content is reduced, oxygen-enriched air is made.High oxygen-rich smelting causes oxygen cost processed to remain high, and occupies total life The larger proportion of cost is produced, improves the production cost of smelting enterprise.And in the present invention, control rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 with rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 in oxygen percent by volume be 50%~65% so that oxygen generating plant without regeneration The high oxygen-enriched air of 70%~85% (percent by volume) or industrial pure oxygen are produced, the percent by volume for directly producing oxygen is 50% ~65% oxygen-enriched air, so as to significantly reduce the energy consumption of oxygen generating plant and production cost, significantly reduce smelting enterprise The energy consumption and production cost of industry.The present invention achieves unexpected while solving above-mentioned technical problem to be solved Technique effect --- realize low oxygen-rich smelting, significantly reduce the energy consumption and production cost of smelting enterprise, also overcomed In non-ferrous metal technical field of smelting technology prejudice --- oxygen-rich concentration is higher, metallurgical reaction is better.

To sum up, the floating smelting process of rotation provided by the invention also obtains while the smelting to high impurity concentrate is realized Multiple unexpected technique effects：The smelting to low-grade concentrate is realized, self-heating smelting is realized, realizes low richness Oxygen is smelted.

In one embodiment of the invention, the cavity passage that the 3rd oxygen-enriched air 401 is surrounded by material 101 is sprayed Enter reaction tower.3rd oxygen-enriched air 401 can provide more reasonably barometric gradient distribution article for the generation of high temperature center recirculating zone 8 Part, be advantageous to the formation of Central backflow area 8, keep preferable shape, size and position, and be stabilized, increase wind powder gas Stream and high temperature reflux smoke contacts and the circumference of heat exchange, strengthen steady fuel efficiency fruit；It can be the inner side material in gas material fluid-mixing 101 provide oxygen needed for oxidation reaction.3rd oxygen-enriched air 401 account for oxygen-enriched air total amount needed for metallurgical reaction with smaller, Its air pressure is also smaller, and the setting of the 3rd oxygen-enriched air 401 is considered from aerodynamics angle.Preferably, the 3rd is rich Oxygen air 401 is single flow.3rd oxygen-enriched air 401 by air quantity, blast and wind speed adjust Central backflow area 8 size, Shape and position.

The floating smelting process of rotation provided by the invention includes：First oxygen-enriched air, the second oxygen-enriched air and the 3rd are oxygen-enriched Air 401, according to practical condition, the oxygen-rich concentration of three strands of gas can be with similar and different, preferably to meet that production will Ask.The flow of three strands of wind is controlled by blower fan, caliber, valve, flowmeter etc..Need to export each air supply channel before normal use Wind speed carries out cold conditions measurement, adjustment.Total gas flow needs to meet needed for metallurgical reaction.Proportioning between three strands of gases, meets have Color metallurgy, Combustion and aerodynamic principle, carried out beneficial to metallurgical reaction and react complete.

At present, the material 101 needed for metallurgical reaction is fallen directly into reaction tower in solid powder, and material 101 is solid-state, Rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and 301 mixed mixed airflow of rotary second oxygen-enriched air are gaseous state, the states of matter of the two Difference, attribute are different, mix and solid-state be present and mix innately possessed difficulty with gaseous state, reduce material in reaction tower 101 uniformities mixed with mixed airflow, extend incorporation time, are unfavorable for metallurgical reaction and carry out and react complete, are unfavorable for Realize that the rotation to high impurity and/or low-grade concentrate is floating to smelt.Therefore, in one embodiment of the invention, by material 101 with Material air 103 smelt mixed in nozzle after spray into reaction tower, material air 103 is single flow material air or rotating material wind, Rotating material wind is produced by three cuff technique 102.

Solid material 101 and Gaseous materials wind are pre-mixed, and select to mix in floating smelt in nozzle of rotation, is formed a kind of Gas material fluid-mixing, gas material fluid-mixing are gaseous fluid as above-mentioned mixed airflow, are same states of matters, are sprayed into anti- Ying Tahou, the mixing compared to solid-state granular material 101 and oxygen-enriched air is that solid-state mixes with gaseous, gas material fluid-mixing and The mixing of mixed airflow is that gaseous state mixes with gaseous, and the two thing phase state is identical, can be easier, more rapidly, more uniformly Mixing, improve the speed and uniformity of the mixing of gas material.Further, material air 103 is revolving, with certain eddy flow Intensity, rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 with being both rotary wind can preferably melt Close, air resistance is smaller, meets gas dynamics, improves the speed and uniformity of the mixing of gas material.Multiple favorable factors It is combined with each other, mutually promotes, significantly promotes metallurgical reaction and carry out and react complete, improve the production capacity of Flash Smelting Furnace, compared with The Flash Smelting to high impurity concentrate is realized well.

The three cuff technique 102 for producing rotating material wind is scroll casing type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or axial direction Vane type cyclone, or even the simplest tangential admission pipe of most original, structure.

In the present invention, it is preferred that rotating material wind, rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 and rotary second oxygen-enriched sky The direction of rotation of gas 301 is identical.

In the present invention, material air 103 can be oxygen-enriched air, and oxygen content (percent by volume) is 25%~95%, also may be used Think air.In view of the main effect of material air 103 is the mixture of airstream and strength, in the present invention, it is preferred that material air 103 is air. The air quantity of material air 103, the mixture of airstream and strength should be considered, Flash Smelting Furnace enters stove total blast volume, the cooling treatment ability of waste heat boiler, height The Multiple factors such as the ability of warm air machine.Selection mixes in floating smelt in nozzle of rotation, compared to Geldart-D particle material 101, Ke Yixian The air quantity for reducing and forming material air 103 needed for above-mentioned gas material fluid-mixing is write, and valuable air-transport system need not be built, if Standby investment is less.

As shown in figure 1, present invention also offers a kind of floating smelting nozzle of rotation realized above-mentioned rotation and float smelting process, including with In to the feeding device of solid-state granular material 101 needed for reaction tower supply metallurgical reaction, for reaction tower supply rotary the First feeder of one oxygen-enriched air 201 and the second confession for supplying rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 to reaction tower Device of air；

Feeding device includes feeder sleeve 1, and the first feeder includes the first air supply pipe 2 and for producing rotary first First cyclone 202 of oxygen-enriched air 201, the second feeder include the second air supply pipe 3 and for producing rotary second Second cyclone 302 of oxygen-enriched air 301；

First air supply pipe 2 is set in the outside of feeder sleeve 1, and the second air supply pipe 3 is set in the outside of the first air supply pipe 2, supplies Cavity in expects pipe 1 forms material channel, and the cavity between the first air supply pipe 2 and feeder sleeve 1 forms the first oxygen-enriched air passage, Cavity between second air supply pipe 3 and the first air supply pipe 2 forms the second oxygen-enriched air passage；

First cyclone 202 is arranged in the first oxygen-enriched air passage, and the second cyclone 302 is arranged at the second oxygen-enriched air In passage；

First cyclone 202 is for the scroll casing type cyclone for producing Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9, tangential leaf Chip cyclone or bladed axial swirler, the second cyclone 302 are for producing Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9 Scroll casing type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or bladed axial swirler.

Feeder sleeve 1 is for supplying material 101 to reaction tower, and it includes meeting to be used to supply material 101 to reaction tower All necessary structures, including charging aperture, and other required structures.First air supply pipe 2 is to be rotated for being supplied to reaction tower The first oxygen-enriched air of formula 201, it includes meeting to be used to supply all necessary of rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 to reaction tower Structure, include the air inlet of the first oxygen-enriched air, and other required structures.Second air supply pipe 3 is for being supplied to reaction tower Rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301, it includes satisfaction must for supplying rotary all of second oxygen-enriched air 301 to reaction tower The structure of palpus, include the air inlet of the second oxygen-enriched air, and other required structures.Material channel is column, the first oxygen-enriched sky The horizontal cross-section of gas passage and the second oxygen-enriched air passage is ring-type；The upper end of three passages is not connected, mutually closing isolation. Preferably, feeder sleeve 1, the first air supply pipe 2 and the second air supply pipe 3 are pipe.First air supply pipe 2 and the second air supply pipe 3 Air inlet be connected with oxygen-enriched air source of the gas, feeder sleeve 1 is connected with storing the feed bin of material 101, it is middle generally also have gives Material machine, preferably screw(-type) feeder.Connected between feeder sleeve 1, the first air supply pipe 2 and the three of the second air supply pipe 3 by flange.

First cyclone 202 and the second cyclone 302 can be scroll casing type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or axial direction Vane type cyclone, but can not be the tangential admission pipe of most original, because its air resistance is big, the eddy flow of caused swirling eddy Intensity is weaker, and axial velocity, the size of tangential velocity and radial velocity and direction are unreasonable, can not be formed with practical significance Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9.Scroll casing type cyclone and tangential vane formula cyclone are generally arranged at the first supply At the air inlet of the air supply pipe 3 of pipe 2 or second；Bladed axial swirler is generally arranged at the first air supply pipe 2 or the second air supply pipe 3 Inside, inclined middle and lower part.Above-mentioned first cyclone 202 is arranged in the first oxygen-enriched air passage, the first oxygen-enriched air herein Passage should do the understanding of broad sense, for the path of the first oxygen-enriched air circulation, be sprayed from the pipeline of the first oxygen-enriched air of conveying with smelting It is first oxygen-enriched that the junction of mouth, which starts the path that the first oxygen-enriched air is flowed through between finally being sprayed from the bottom of nozzle, At air duct, including the air inlet of the first above-mentioned air supply pipe, also include the inside of the first air supply pipe.The second above-mentioned eddy flow Device 302, which is arranged in the second oxygen-enriched air passage, should also make to broadly understood with the above situation identical.

The molded line approximate log helical of scroll casing type cyclone, air-flow enters spiral case with the tangential bias of certain speed, with spiral shell Spin line shape is flowed out by cylinder or circular passage, and rotary oxygen-enriched air is formed in space.Tangential vane formula cyclone is utilized and set Tangential vane at air inlet makes air-flow enter cylindrical air channel in tangential direction, and so as to produce rotary motion, what is had is tangential The aperture of blade can be adjusted, and adjust the aperture of blade, that is, adjust the inclination angle of blade, thus it is possible to vary the rotation of swirling eddy Intensity of flow.Bladed axial swirler includes axial blade, and the pattern of axial blade is various, it is conventional have helical twisted blades, Three kinds of camber blades and prismatic blade.Bladed axial swirler can be fixed cyclone, be completed once design processing and fabricating, Just it is fixed on the outer wall of the corresponding air supply pipe 2 of feeder sleeve 1 and first, in use, not changing position；On can also being Lower mobile adjustable rotary stream device, preferably adjustable impeller, glided along the outer wall of the corresponding air supply pipe 2 of feeder sleeve 1 and first The dynamic swirl strength with regulating rotating type oxygen-enriched air.Bladed axial swirler is generally fixed on one by several axial blades Form, be then set in by leaf dish on the outer wall of the corresponding air supply pipe 2 of feeder sleeve 1 and first to realize axially in individual leaf dish Vane type cyclone is fixed, and connection can be fixedly connected or be slidably connected between leaf dish and corresponding tube wall.

In one embodiment of the invention, in addition to for supplying the 3rd of the 3rd oxygen-enriched air 401 to reaction tower supply Device of air, the 3rd feeder include the 3rd air supply pipe 4, and the 3rd air supply pipe 4 is set in the inside of feeder sleeve 1；Feeder sleeve 1 and Circular passage between three air supply pipes 4 is material channel, and the cavity in the 3rd air supply pipe 4 forms the 3rd oxygen-enriched air passage.The Three oxygen-enriched air 401 account for oxygen-enriched air total amount needed for metallurgical reaction with smaller, its air pressure is also smaller, sometimes even obstructed 3rd oxygen-enriched air 401, the setting of the 3rd air supply pipe 4 are considered from aerodynamics angle, rather than simple Ground is that the inner side material 101 in gas material fluid-mixing provides oxygen needed for oxidation reaction.Preferably, the 3rd air supply pipe 4 is pipe.

In one embodiment of the invention, feeder sleeve 1 includes material air entrance, and material air entrance is arranged at feeder sleeve 1 The top of charging aperture upper and positioned at feeder sleeve 1.

Material air 103 enters feeder sleeve 1 from above-mentioned material air entrance, moves downward, with the material entered from charging aperture 101 mixing, form gas material fluid-mixing, are premixed material 101 and material air 103 equivalent to before reaction tower is entered Close, form gaseous state, be all gaseous state with mixed airflow, the two thing phase state is identical, can be easier, more rapidly, more uniformly mix Close, improve the speed and uniformity of the mixing of gas material.

Further, feeding device also includes being used for the three cuff technique 102 for producing rotating material wind, three cuff technique 102 are arranged in material channel and positioned at the top of charging aperture.Material channel herein should also be made and the first oxygen-enriched air passage The understanding of identical broad sense.

The three cuff technique 102 for producing rotating material wind is scroll casing type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or axial direction Vane type cyclone, or even the simplest tangential admission pipe of most original, structure.When three cuff technique 102 revolves for axial blade type When flowing device, it is installed in feeder sleeve 1 and between above-mentioned charging aperture and material air entrance；When three cuff technique 102 is When scroll casing type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or tangential admission pipe, above-mentioned material air entrance is directly installed on.

In one embodiment of the invention, it is circumferential with the outer wall of the first air supply pipe 2 also to include several for the first feeder The tangent tangential admission pipe in face, the airintake direction of several tangential admission pipes on the first air supply pipe 2 is same direction of rotation； Second feeder also includes several tangential admission pipes tangent with the outer wall circumferential surface of the second air supply pipe 3, on the second air supply pipe 3 The airintake directions of several tangential admission pipes be same direction of rotation.

Preferably, the direction of rotation and the rotation side of the first cyclone 202 of the tangential admission pipe on the first air supply pipe 2 are controlled To identical.Control the direction of rotation of the tangential admission pipe on the second air supply pipe 3 identical with the direction of rotation of the second cyclone 302. Using tangential admission pipe air inlet, the first oxygen-enriched air successively occurs by tangential admission pipe and the two-stage eddy flow of the first cyclone 202 Device, caused swirl strength superposition, further increases the rotation of rotary first oxygen-enriched air 201 finally sprayed from nozzle Intensity of flow, carried out beneficial to metallurgical reaction and react complete, smelted beneficial to the rotation realized to high impurity and/or low-grade concentrate is floating. Rotary second oxygen-enriched air 301 is identical with the above situation.

In addition, the tangent connection of outer wall circumferential surface of tangential admission pipe and the first air supply pipe 2 or the second air supply pipe 3 so that by The first oxygen-enriched air or the second oxygen-enriched air that pipeline is come can enter nozzle along smooth track, and air resistance is small, gas Body energy loss is small, and it is equal to improve distribution of the gas in circular first oxygen-enriched air passage or in the second oxygen-enriched air passage Even property.Preferably, several tangential admission pipes are uniform along the circumference of outer wall at the top of the first air supply pipe 2 and the second air supply pipe 3 Arrangement.

In one embodiment of the invention, the first air supply pipe 2 also includes external diameter and is more than the remainder of the first air supply pipe 2 External diameter and the wide diameter part 5 being arranged at the air inlet of the first air supply pipe 2；Second air supply pipe 3 is also more than the second air supply pipe 3 including external diameter The external diameter of remainder and the wide diameter part 5 being arranged at the air inlet of the second air supply pipe 3.Wide diameter part 5 causes what is come from pipeline First oxygen-enriched air and the second oxygen-enriched air initially enter a larger space after entering nozzle, are buffered and voltage stabilizing, Be advantageous to reduce gas flow resistance, reduce gas energy loss so that the first oxygen-enriched air and the second oxygen-enriched air are in annulus Property on shape section everywhere more they tends to unanimously, and then final Central backflow area 8 and/or the exteenal reflux for being beneficial to produce good properties Area 9.Further, the external diameter of wide diameter part 5 is identical with the external diameter of wide diameter part 5 on the second air supply pipe 3 on the first air supply pipe 2, with side Just design processing.

Further, the larger wide diameter part 5 of the top external diameter of the first air supply pipe 2 is connected with the less bottom of external diameter by taper portion 6 Connect, to realize the smooth flow of the first oxygen-enriched air, reduce the energy loss of the first oxygen-enriched air.Similarly, on the second air supply pipe 3 The larger wide diameter part 5 of external diameter is connected with the less bottom of external diameter by taper portion 6, to realize the smooth flow of the second oxygen-enriched air It is dynamic, reduce the energy loss of the second oxygen-enriched air.

Further, when material air 103 is rotating material wind and three cuff technique 102 is bladed axial swirler When, material air entrance is several tangential admission pipes tangent with the outer wall circumferential surface of feeder sleeve 1, is controlled tangential on feeder sleeve 1 The direction of rotation of air inlet pipe is identical with the direction of rotation of three cuff technique 102.

In actual production, before Flash Smelting Furnace blow-on, Flash Smelting Furnace is preheated to 900 DEG C~1100 DEG C by a large amount of fuel that to burn, Entitled hot blow-on；During daily blowing out point inspection, sustained combustion a large amount of fuel that the temperature in Flash Smelting Furnace is maintained into 900 DEG C all the time ~1100 DEG C, entitled hot blowing out point inspection, waste mass energy.Therefore, in one embodiment of the invention, the present invention provides The floating nozzle of smelting of rotation also include being arranged at that rotation is floating to smelt the igniter for triggering metallurgical reaction in nozzle, for producing heat, point The down-firing end of firearm causes the down-firing end of igniter to be located at firm delivery nozzle on the floating longitudinal center line for smelting nozzle of rotation Material 101 inside, wrapped up by material flow, caused heat can be fully and intensively to the material of firm delivery nozzle 101 quickly heat, light a fire.

Igniter produces heat to be any, and heat is conveyed into the device of reaction tower.

Igniter can be arranged vertically, can also be in tilted layout through multiple tube-like pieces.

Preferably, above-mentioned igniter is arranged vertically and is arranged at the interior of the floating most tube-like piece of inner side for smelting nozzle of rotation Portion.

The igniter is lighted a fire at the beginning of metallurgical reaction, and amount of heat is produced in the short time and triggers metallurgical reaction, is produced big High-temperature gas is measured, after metallurgical reaction is stable, is just no longer lighted a fire, by above-mentioned Central backflow area 8 and/exteenal reflux area volume 9 suction smelting High-temperature gas caused by gold reaction maintains the lasting progress of metallurgical reaction, so as to reduce using other burning gun burner fuel pair Flash Smelting Furnace carries out heat temperature raising or insulation, even avoids other burning gun burner fuel completely, realizes cold conditions blow-on；Using other Gun burner fuel is burnt by whole flash stove heat or insulation at 900 DEG C~1100 DEG C, and amount of heat is dispersed in huge Flash Smelting Furnace In interior space, not concentrate, majority belongs to idle work, and after using igniter, caused heat is fully and intensively to firm The material 101 of delivery nozzle is heated, and without unnecessary waste, is had higher heat utilization ratio, is saved mass energy.

In one embodiment of the invention, the outlet at bottom of feeder sleeve 1 exports for straight pipe type, the bottom of the first air supply pipe 2 Portion outlet is the flaring mouth 7 gradually expanded outwardly from top to bottom, and the outlet at bottom of the second air supply pipe 3 is gradually outside from top to bottom The flaring mouth 7 of expansion, the outlet at bottom of the 3rd air supply pipe 4 export for straight pipe type.The outlet at bottom of feeder sleeve 1 is positioned at the 3rd supply The lower section of the outlet at bottom of pipe 4, the outlet at bottom of the first air supply pipe 2 are located at the lower section of the outlet at bottom of feeder sleeve 1, the second air supply pipe 3 Outlet at bottom be located at the lower section of the outlet at bottom of the first air supply pipe 2.

Straight pipe type herein exports and flaring mouth 7, and the position relationship between the outlet at bottom of adjacent channel is every The exporting features of one corresponding pipeline, and then the exporting features of multiple pipelines cooperate, and constitute the floating smelting nozzle of above-mentioned rotation Exporting features.

Flaring mouth 7 can moderately increase the extended corner of swirling eddy, be advantageous to improve airflow shaped, range and wash away furnace wall Situation；Further improve the swirl strength of swirling eddy；Improve Central backflow area 8 and/or exteenal reflux area 9, make metallurgical reaction more Add stabilization；Increase air-flow mixing, be advantageous to heat transfer, mass transfer.

The outlet at bottom of outside pipeline be located at adjacent inboard duct bottom outlet lower section, positioned at inner side pipeline by positioned at The adjacent channel in outside is wrapped up, and enables to the fluid that inside pipeline is conveyed floating in rotation with the fluid that outside pipeline is conveyed Smelt in nozzle and be pre-mixed, improve the mixing uniformity between a plurality of fluids；The fluid that outside pipeline is conveyed The properties such as shape, position and the size of the fluid conveyed to inside pipeline are controlled, the stream for avoiding inside pipeline from being conveyed Body spreads too early.

Straight pipe type exports or flaring mouth 7, according to fluid properties possessed by every fluid streams, is adapted using with fluid properties Outlet shapes, different fluid properties, using different outlet shapes, preferably to play the effect of every fluid streams and excellent Gesture；And then on the basis of effect and the advantage per fluid streams is optimized, the position between outlet at bottom by controlling adjacent channel Put relation so that the outlet at bottom of outside pipeline is located at the bottom of the lower section, from inside to outside pipeline of adjacent inboard duct bottom outlet Portion outlet is on the lower side one by one, and the pipeline positioned at inner side is wrapped up by the adjacent channel positioned at outside, forms a class from top to bottom Pyramid structure, the exporting features of each pipeline are combined, form the floating exporting features for smelting nozzle of rotation so that multiple flow The fluid-mixing obtained after body mixing has the fluid properties such as more preferable shape, position and size, can preferably play it Effect and advantage.The exporting features of above-mentioned multiple pipelines cooperate, and form an entirety, indispensable, and any one The change of pipe outlet feature can all influence the fluid properties of fluid-mixing, and then influence its effect and the performance of advantage, influence The progress and reaction of metallurgical reaction are complete.

In the present invention, feeding device also includes being arranged on the tooth form or ring gear shape stabilization on the inside of at material channel outlet at bottom Device.Tooth form or ring gear shape stabilizer can improve distributing homogeneity of the material 101 on annular cross section, make the thick particle of material 101 Stopped by ring and tooth, be folded to Central backflow area 8, the thin particle of material 101 can bypass annulus and lead to out of space between two teeth Cross, sprayed into the outer layer of thick material 101 stream in stove；Small vortex can be formed in the lee side of tooth, had to catching fire for material 101 Profit.

In the present invention, the plate hole formula that the 3rd feeder also includes being arranged on the 3rd oxygen-enriched air channel bottom exit is steady Determine device, plate hole formula stabilizer is covered with whole 3rd oxygen-enriched air passage in lamellar, have above meet it is aerodynamic some Individual through hole, the oxygen-enriched air of single flow the 3rd spray into reaction tower by these through holes.Plate hole formula stabilizer can be with cooling nozzles exit Pipe fitting, avoid flowing back or be tempered, make metallurgical reaction more stable；By adjust flow and air outlet velocity can coordinate it is other oxygen-enriched Air improves high temperature gas flow shape.

The invention provides a kind of rotation it is floating smelt nozzle, to realize that smelting process is floated in above-mentioned rotation, therefore the rotation is floated Smelt whole advantageous effects that there is nozzle above-mentioned rotation to float smelting process.

The present invention is for thinking technical problems to be solved, there is provided multiple laddering technical schemes, it is multiple laddering Technical scheme is mutually combined superposition, cooperates, mutually promotes, and an overall plan is formed, especially from aerodynamics angle Degree sets out, and complements each other to form the gas material fluid-mixings of special properties by a variety of oxygen-enriched air and a variety of feeders to solve Certainly above-mentioned technical problem, the technique effect of acquirement are much better than the technique effect of any of the above technical schemes, synergistic effect Significantly.

The method and apparatus of the not detailed description of the present invention are prior art, are repeated no more.

Each embodiment is described by the way of progressive in this specification, what each embodiment stressed be with it is other The difference of embodiment, between each embodiment same or similar part mutually referring to.

The explanation of above example is only intended to help the method and its core concept for understanding the present invention.It should be pointed out that pair For those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, the present invention can also be carried out Some improvement and modification, these are improved and modification is also fallen into the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.

The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are enable to realize or using the present invention. A variety of modifications for these embodiments are it will be apparent that defined herein one for those skilled in the art As principle can realize in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, the present invention will It will not be intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and be to fit to consistent with principles disclosed herein and features of novelty Widest range.

Claims

1. smelting process is floated in the rotation of a kind of low-grade and/or high impurity copper concentrate, it is characterised in that is comprised the following steps：

1) rotary first oxygen-enriched air as caused by revolving floating the first cyclone for smelting nozzle is sprayed into institute from reaction column overhead Reaction tower is stated, the horizontal cross-section of the circulation path of rotary first oxygen-enriched air is ring-type, and first cyclone is use In the scroll casing type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or the axial blade type eddy flow that produce Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area Device, after spraying into the reaction tower, being formed in rotary first oxygen-enriched air on its interior can roll up suction gas backstreaming Central backflow area and/or on the outside of it can roll up inhale gas backstreaming exteenal reflux area；

Rotary second oxygen-enriched air as caused by revolving floating the second cyclone for smelting nozzle is oxygen-enriched from described rotary first The outside of air sprays into the reaction tower in the form of around rotary first oxygen-enriched air, and second cyclone is use In the scroll casing type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or the axial blade type eddy flow that produce Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area Device, after spraying into the reaction tower, being formed in rotary second oxygen-enriched air on its interior can roll up suction gas backstreaming Central backflow area and/or on the outside of it can roll up inhale gas backstreaming exteenal reflux area；

Rotary first oxygen-enriched air is mixed to form in the reaction tower with rotary second oxygen-enriched air and mixed Air-flow, Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area and corresponding described rotary second in rotary first oxygen-enriched air Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area in oxygen-enriched air are overlapped mutually as a corresponding Central backflow area and/or outer Recirculating zone；

2) the solid-state granular material needed for metallurgical reaction is surrounded by rotary first oxygen-enriched air in the step 1) Cavity passage is sent into the reaction tower；

3) mixed airflow in the step 1) is mixed to form gas material fluid-mixing, while institute with the material in the step 2) State gas material fluid-mixing and absorb the heat of hot gas in Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area after superposition to metallurgical reaction institute Temperature is needed, then the material occurs metallurgical with the oxygen in rotary first oxygen-enriched air and rotary second oxygen-enriched air Reaction, the mixture either mixture of metal and slag for generating metal sulfonium and slag are fallen into sedimentation basin；

The rotary percent by volume for stating oxygen in the first oxygen-enriched air is 50%~65%；

The percent by volume of oxygen is 50%~65% in rotary second oxygen-enriched air；

Using to rotation it is floating smelt nozzle, including for being filled to the feed of solid-state granular material needed for reaction tower supply metallurgical reaction Put, for the first feeder to rotary first oxygen-enriched air of reaction tower supply and for being supplied to the reaction tower The second feeder to rotary second oxygen-enriched air；

The feeding device includes feeder sleeve, and first feeder includes the first air supply pipe and for producing the rotation First cyclone of the oxygen-enriched air of formula first, second feeder include the second air supply pipe and for producing the rotation Second cyclone of the oxygen-enriched air of formula second；

First air supply pipe is set in the outside of the feeder sleeve, and second air supply pipe is set in first air supply pipe Outside, the cavity in the feeder sleeve form material channel, and the cavity between first air supply pipe and the feeder sleeve is formed First oxygen-enriched air passage, the cavity between second air supply pipe and first air supply pipe form the second oxygen-enriched air and led to Road；

First cyclone is arranged in the first oxygen-enriched air passage, and it is rich that second cyclone is arranged at described second In oxygen air duct；

First cyclone is scroll casing type cyclone, the tangential vane formula for producing Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area Cyclone or bladed axial swirler, second cyclone are the snail for producing Central backflow area and/or exteenal reflux area Shell-type cyclone, tangential vane formula cyclone or bladed axial swirler；

The outlet at bottom of the feeder sleeve is straight pipe type outlet, the outlet at bottom of first air supply pipe for from top to bottom gradually to The flaring mouth of outer expansion, the outlet at bottom of second air supply pipe are the flaring mouth gradually expanded outwardly from top to bottom, described the The outlet at bottom of three air supply pipes exports for straight pipe type；The outlet at bottom of the feeder sleeve is located at the 3rd air supply pipe outlet at bottom Lower section, the outlet at bottom of first air supply pipe is located at the lower section of the feeder sleeve outlet at bottom, second air supply pipe Outlet at bottom is located at the lower section of the first air supply pipe outlet at bottom.

2. smelting process is floated in the rotation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the 3rd oxygen-enriched air is passed through into the material The cavity passage surrounded sprays into the reaction tower.

3. the floating smelting process of rotation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the floating nozzle of smelting of rotation also includes being used for described Reaction tower supplies the 3rd feeder of the 3rd oxygen-enriched air, and the 3rd feeder includes the 3rd air supply pipe, and the described 3rd Air supply pipe is set in the inside of the feeder sleeve；Circular passage between the feeder sleeve and the 3rd air supply pipe leads to for material Road, the cavity in the 3rd air supply pipe form the 3rd oxygen-enriched air passage.

4. smelting process is floated in the rotation according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that if first feeder also includes Dry supplies the tangent tangential admission pipe of pipe outer wall circumferential surface with described first, is cut described in several on first air supply pipe It is same direction of rotation to the airintake direction of air inlet pipe；Second feeder also includes several and the described second supply The tangent tangential admission pipe of pipe outer wall circumferential surface, the airintake direction of several tangential admission pipes on second air supply pipe For same direction of rotation.

5. smelting process is floated in the rotation according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that first air supply pipe also includes external diameter External diameter and the wide diameter part that is arranged at the first air supply pipe air inlet more than the first air supply pipe remainder；Described Two air supply pipes also include external diameter and are more than the external diameter of the second air supply pipe remainder and are arranged at the second air supply pipe air inlet Wide diameter part at mouthful.

6. smelting process is floated in the rotation according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that the floating nozzle of smelting of rotation also includes being arranged at The rotation is floating to smelt the igniter for triggering metallurgical reaction in nozzle, for producing heat, and the down-firing end of the igniter is located at On the floating longitudinal center line for smelting nozzle of rotation.