CN105108337B - A kind of turbine blade method for repairing crack - Google Patents
A kind of turbine blade method for repairing crack Download PDFInfo
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- CN105108337B CN105108337B CN201510549734.XA CN201510549734A CN105108337B CN 105108337 B CN105108337 B CN 105108337B CN 201510549734 A CN201510549734 A CN 201510549734A CN 105108337 B CN105108337 B CN 105108337B
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- welding
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of turbine blade method for repairing crack, mainly including the preparatory stage：Cleaning detection blade to be repaired；From the fusion welding stage：Scanned using the convergent laser beam of inclined negative defocusing amount along crack orientation, form V-arrangement molten bath, molten metal liquid is sunk to after molten bath bottom, solidification under gravity to be formed from melting welding seam；Fill the welding stage：, as welding wire, top layer built-up welding is carried out using with blade body identical material；Post-processing stages：Destressing tempering and blade surface finishing processing are carried out after the completion of welding.When the present invention is repaired with blade body material based on molten, filling on a small quantity with blade body identical material, weld material is identical with blade, and the two is well combined, and is not likely to produce weld defect, improve weld seam bond strength；And from fusion welding and filling welding process, the ultrasonic wave that vacuum side of blade supersonic generator is produced makes the molten metal in molten bath vibrate exclusion gas, reduces the generation of the defects such as weld porosity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal parts recovery technique field, the specifically renovation technique of turbine blade.
Background technology
The blade of the equipment such as steam turbine or the hydraulic turbine is impacted by fluid working medium at work, and longtime running can be in leaf
Piece surface produces fatigue crack, and repair process is such as carried out not in time can cause leaf destruction.Blade reparation frequently with built-up welding, melt and cover
Etc. mode.
Such as the Chinese invention patent of Application No. 201310054557. 9, a kind of aero-engine blade damage is disclosed
Restorative procedure, this method carries out segment processing according to blade surface size shape feature to be repaired, sets each section of pulse plasma
Heat input parameter and pulsed wire feeding control parameter, segmentation carry out Plasma Welding reparation.For another example Application No.
201310170388.5 Chinese invention patent, discloses a kind of high-temperature alloy turbine blade repair materials and its renovation technique, then
The method that repairing turbine blade is deposited using micro-arc spark is described, according to the prefabricated welding material rod of technological requirement, using the differential of the arc
Spark deposition technique carries out built-up welding to the region for needing to repair, and vacuum heat is carried out after welding.
Common repair methods（That is filling welding）Because packing material is different from blade body material, solder bond interface
Material composition, tissue are complicated, and weld seam bottom is also easy to produce weld defect, influence weld seam bond strength, reduce after blade reparation
Service life.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned prior art, there is provided, without beating groove, carried during one kind pretreatment
The turbine blade method for repairing crack of high weld seam bond strength.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of turbine blade method for repairing crack,
It is characterized in that：Including the preparatory stage：Cleaning detection blade to be repaired；From the fusion welding stage：Using inclined negative defocusing amount
Convergent laser beam is scanned along crack orientation, forms V-arrangement molten bath, and molten metal liquid sinks to molten bath bottom under gravity,
Formed after solidification from melting welding seam；Fill the welding stage：, as welding wire, top layer heap is carried out using with blade body identical material
Weldering；Post-processing stages：Destressing tempering and blade surface finishing processing are carried out after the completion of welding.
Further, be fixed with a supersonic generator at the back side of the blade, can it is described from the fusion welding stage and
Fill to start in the welding stage and produce ultrasonic wave.
Further, in the preparatory stage, blade cracks are detected by X-ray, crack orientation is determined and splits
Line depth capacity and its position；Then a diameter is made a call to more than crack width 1-2mm crackle two ends are each, it is deep that depth is more than crackle
Degree 3mm's blocks hole；A diameter is made a call to more than crack width 1-2mm, depth more than crack depth 3mm in crack depth maximum
Exploration hole.It is, using exploration hole as starting point, to scan respectively to two ends that crackle, which is scanned, with laser beam in the stage from fusion welding
Block hole, comprise the following steps：1）First exploration hole is preheated, is irradiated and detected using 5-8 ° of vertical beam of light of convergent angle
Hole, makes detection hole wall and base material occur local melting；2）Tilt backwards laser beam, the opposite direction blade with scanning direction
Surface is scanned in 5-7 ° of angle along crack orientation, and molten metal liquid is lowered into molten bath bottom in ultrasonic wave and Action of Gravity Field
Portion, the cooled and solidified formation weld seam after laser beam leaves；3）When laser beam flying is to crackle one end after blocking hole, rotary laser
Beam makes it vertical with blade surface, and is irradiated to blocking hole；4）Again by exploration hole, 1 is repeated the above steps）-3）,
Hole, which is blocked, to the other end is scanned welding；The focused spot diameter of the laser beam is more than detection bore dia 0.5mm, and laser power is
（250-300）×109W/m2, pulse width is 10ms, is 5-8 pulse width to exploration hole and the exposure time for blocking hole.
Further, the filling welding stage, following steps are performed：1）Laser beam convergent angle is adjusted, is parallel
Light beam, laser beam is perpendicular to the face of weld；2）Laser beam blocks trend of the hole along crackle cutting to the other end from one end
Disconnected hole scanning, while adding the bulk material identical welding wire sent with blade, is filled welding；3）Repeat from crackle one end to another
The scanning welding of one end, until weld seam upper surface is higher than blade upper surface, filling welding process is completed.Jiao of the laser beam puts down
Face is located at below weld seam upper surface at 0.5mm, and laser spot diameter is about 1mm；The filling welding stage etch 3）In, repeat
Scanning welding until weld seam upper surface be higher than blade upper surface 0.5mm when stop welding.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Using above-mentioned restorative procedure, without beating groove during pretreatment, with blade sheet during reparation
Based on body material is certainly molten, a small amount of filling and blade body identical material, weld material are identical with blade, and the two is well combined,
And weld defect is not likely to produce, improve weld seam bond strength, the blade service life after extension reparation.
Specifically, laser beam elder generation rear-inclined makes crackle base material first melt in welding process, it is to avoid first melt on top
When the incomplete penetration defect that causes of the closure phenomenon that is also easy to produce, ultrasonic activation is conducive to molten pool metal liquid to flow into molten bath bottom,
And be conducive to the discharge of gas in molten pool metal liquid, eliminate the defects such as the stomata that easily occurs in weld seam；The meeting of negative defocusing amount
Poly- laser beam makes molten bath form the larger V-arrangement molten bath of upper opening, contributes to the discharge of metal vapors and plasma, it is to avoid molten
Pond metal liquid increases substantially weldquality by molten bath of blowing off.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is FB(flow block) of the invention.
Fig. 2 Leaf crack orientation schematic diagrames of the present invention.
Exploration hole preheating schematic diagram in Fig. 3 present invention.
From fusion welding schematic diagram in Fig. 4 present invention.
In diagram：1st, blade；2nd, hole is blocked；3rd, crackle side；4th, convergent laser beam；5th, exploration hole；6th, ultrasonic wave occurs
Device；7th, crackle.
Embodiment
As Figure 1-4, a kind of turbine blade method for repairing crack of the invention, including the preparatory stage, from fusion welding rank
Section, filling welding stage, post-processing stages.
Wherein, the above-mentioned preparatory stage, following steps are performed：1）Blade 1 to be repaired is cleaned, the surface of blade 1 and weld seam is removed
In greasy dirt, debris etc.；2）Crack detection, by x-ray inspection, detection crackle 7 trend and the depth capacity of crackle 7 and its position
Put；3）A diameter is made a call to more than crack width 1-2mm the two ends of crackle 7 are each, what depth was more than crack depth 3mm or so blocks hole
2；4）A diameter is made a call to more than crack width 1-2mm in crack depth maximum, and depth is more than crack depth 3mm or so detection
Hole 5；5）A supersonic generator 6 is fixed on vacuum side of blade.
After the completion of the preparatory stage, crackle is carried out from fusion welding, is mainly included the following steps that from fusion welding.
1）Exploration hole 5 is preheated：Using 5-8 ° of convergent angle, focused spot diameter is more than detection bore dia 0.5mm vertical beam of light 4
Irradiate exploration hole, laser power（250-300）×109W/m2, pulse width 10ms or so, about 5-8 pulse of exposure time is wide
Degree, makes detection hole wall and base material occur local melting.
2）From fusion welding：Tilt backwards laser beam 4, the opposite direction blade surface with scanning direction is in 5-7 ° of angle；Swash
Light beam 4 moves towards the velocity scanning with 0.8-1.3mm/s along crackle 7, while starting the supersonic generator for being placed in vacuum side of blade
6.The both sides metal of crackle 7 is lowered into molten bath bottom after being melted in gravity and ul-trasonic irradiation, is cooled down after laser beam 4 leaves solidifying
Solid is into weld seam.
3）Make it vertical with the surface of blade 1 when laser beam 4 scans slewed laser beam 4 after blocking hole 2 to crackle one end, and
5-8 pulse width of irradiation is carried out to blocking hole 2.
4）Since exploration hole 5,1 is repeated the above steps）-3）, welding is scanned to the other end.
From in fusion welding process, 5-8 ° of convergent angle of laser beam 4 makes molten bath form V-arrangement molten bath, is conducive to metal steam
The discharge of gas and plasma gas, it is to avoid molten pool metal liquid is by molten bath of blowing off.And laser beam 4 tilts backwards 5-7 °, make crackle 7
Bottom metal first melts, it is to avoid upper metal liquation, which is cooled into closure, causes occur incomplete penetration defect in weld seam.And ultrasonic wave
The ultrasonic wave that generator 6 is produced is conducive to molten pool metal liquid to molten bath flows, and accelerates the gas in molten pool metal liquid
Body is discharged, it is to avoid the defects such as stomata are produced in weld seam.
From after the completion of fusion welding, molten bath bottom is entered after the fusing of the two layers of material of crackle 7 and is formed from melting welding seam, weld seam upper surface
Depression, less than the surface of blade 1, need to be filled welding, supplement metal material makes weld seam upper surface slightly above blade.
The stage is welded in above-mentioned filling, mainly performs following steps.
1）The convergent angle of laser beam 4 is adjusted, it is collimated light beam as far as possible to make it（Convergent angle size depends on laser itself property
Energy）, laser beam 4 is perpendicular to face of weld, and the focal plane of laser beam 4 is positioned at 0.5mm below weld seam upper surface or so, laser facula
Diameter is about 1mm.
2）Laser beam 4 blocks hole scanning from the trend of the hole along crackle 7 of blocking of one end to the other end, and diameter is sent while adding
About the bulk material identical welding wire of 0.3mm materials and blade 1, is filled welding, in the process supersonic generator 6
In starting state.
3）The scanning welding from the one end of crackle 1 to the other end is repeated, until weld seam upper surface is higher than the surface 0.5mm of blade 1
Left and right, filling welding process is completed.
After above-mentioned filling welding terminates, post-processing stages are carried out：Destressing tempering, specific tempering are carried out to blade 1 first
Temperature and soaking time depend on the material of blade 1；Finishing processing is carried out to the surface of blade 1 after tempering, blade 1 is reached and sets
Count size.
Finally it should be noted that above content is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to present invention protection
The limitation of scope, simple modification or equivalent substitution that one of ordinary skill in the art is carried out to technical scheme,
All without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of turbine blade method for repairing crack, it is characterised in that：Including the preparatory stage：Cleaning detection blade to be repaired；
From the fusion welding stage：Scanned using the convergent laser beam of inclined negative defocusing amount along crack orientation, form V-arrangement molten bath, fusing
Metal liquid is sunk to after molten bath bottom, solidification under gravity to be formed from melting welding seam；Fill the welding stage：Using with blade sheet
Body identical material carries out top layer built-up welding as welding wire；Post-processing stages：Destressing tempering and blade table are carried out after the completion of welding
Face finishing processing；
A supersonic generator is fixed with the back side of the blade, can be described from fusion welding stage and filling welding stage
Start and produce ultrasonic wave；
In the preparatory stage, blade cracks are detected by X-ray, determine crack orientation and crackle depth capacity and its
Position；Then make a call to one and block hole crackle two ends are each；An exploration hole is made a call in crack depth maximum；
It is, using exploration hole as starting point, blocking to two ends to be scanned respectively that crackle, which is scanned, with laser beam in the stage from fusion welding
Hole, comprises the following steps：1）First exploration hole is preheated, exploration hole is irradiated using 5-8 ° of vertical beam of light of convergent angle, made
Detect hole wall and local melting occurs for base material；2）Tilt backwards laser beam, the opposite direction blade surface with scanning direction
Scanned in 5-7 ° of angle, and along crack orientation, molten metal liquid is lowered into molten bath bottom in ultrasonic wave and Action of Gravity Field,
Laser beam leaves rear cooled and solidified formation weld seam；3）When laser beam flying is to crackle one end after blocking hole, slewed laser beam makes
It is vertical with blade surface, and is irradiated to blocking hole；4）Again by exploration hole, 1 is repeated the above steps）-3）, to another
One end blocks hole and is scanned welding.
2. turbine blade method for repairing crack according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The focal spot of the laser beam is straight
Footpath is more than detection bore dia 0.5mm, and laser power is（250-300）×109W/m2, pulse width is 10ms, to exploration hole and cut
The exposure time in disconnected hole is 5-8 pulse width.
3. turbine blade method for repairing crack according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The filling welding stage,
Perform following steps：1）Laser beam convergent angle is adjusted, collimated light beam is, laser beam is perpendicular to the face of weld；2）Swash
Light beam blocks hole scanning from the trend of the hole along crackle of blocking of one end to the other end, while adding the bulk material phase sent with blade
Same welding wire, is filled welding；3）The scanning welding from crackle one end to the other end is repeated, until weld seam upper surface is higher than leaf
Piece upper surface, filling welding process is completed.
4. turbine blade method for repairing crack according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The focal plane of the laser beam
At 0.5mm below weld seam upper surface, laser spot diameter is 1mm；The filling welding stage etch 3）In, what is repeated sweeps
Welding is retouched until weld seam upper surface stops welding when being higher than blade upper surface 0.5mm.
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| CN201510549734.XA CN105108337B (en) | 2015-09-01 | 2015-09-01 | A kind of turbine blade method for repairing crack |
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| CN201510549734.XA CN105108337B (en) | 2015-09-01 | 2015-09-01 | A kind of turbine blade method for repairing crack |
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| CN105108337B true CN105108337B (en) | 2017-07-28 |
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| CN105312834B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2018-01-16 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | A kind of high temperature alloy thin walled welds casing main body method for repairing crack |
| CN106695125A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-05-24 | 上海海事大学 | System and method for improving laser processing surface integrity of workpiece on line |
| CN106956079A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-07-18 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method that metal surface micro-crack is made in micro- consolidation of laser up |
| CN109062135A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-12-21 | 上海航天设备制造总厂有限公司 | A kind of incomplete penetration defect removing method based on the control of UG programming route |
| CN109048200B (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2020-12-25 | 吉林大学 | Method for repairing thermal cracks of brake disc of railway passenger car by laser bionic locking pinning |
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| CN111604639B (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2021-06-18 | 浙江博星工贸有限公司 | Camshaft repair system |
| CN113560580A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-29 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Laser repairing method and device for metal parts |
| CN113681012A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-23 | 江苏拜欧尼克智能科技有限公司 | Method for repairing hole defects of cast cylinder block by laser |
| CN114192983B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-07-04 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Laser self-fluxing welding method |
| CN114101848B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-02-28 | 天津大学 | Welding method for repairing thin-wall cracks of metal component |
| CN115283869A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-04 | 上海宝冶集团有限公司 | Repair welding method for stainless steel composite plate defect |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP3198095B2 (en) * | 1998-10-21 | 2001-08-13 | ファナック株式会社 | Laser processing equipment |
| CN100402223C (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2008-07-16 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Crack repair process for high-pressure turbine blade tip in gas turbine |
| CN1737197A (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2006-02-22 | 上海交通大学 | Crack controlling means for laser deposition formed metal parts |
| CN100556602C (en) * | 2007-12-24 | 2009-11-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The method of soldering of ultrasonic wave auxiliary laser or laser braze-welding |
| JP4898720B2 (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2012-03-21 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Turbine blade repair method |
| CN102059453A (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2011-05-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Non-contact-type ultrasonic-assisted laser welding method |
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