CN105108294A - Vacuum electron beam welding method for 30CrMnSiNi2A steel - Google Patents

Vacuum electron beam welding method for 30CrMnSiNi2A steel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105108294A
CN105108294A CN201510549725.0A CN201510549725A CN105108294A CN 105108294 A CN105108294 A CN 105108294A CN 201510549725 A CN201510549725 A CN 201510549725A CN 105108294 A CN105108294 A CN 105108294A
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China
Prior art keywords
steel
electron beam
welding
welded
vacuum
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CN201510549725.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
安飞鹏
熊进辉
耿永亮
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725th Research Institute of CSIC
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725th Research Institute of CSIC
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Priority to CN201510549725.0A priority Critical patent/CN105108294A/en
Publication of CN105108294A publication Critical patent/CN105108294A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/06—Electron-beam welding or cutting within a vacuum chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/0033—Preliminary treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/0046—Welding
    • B23K15/0053—Seam welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys

Abstract

The invention provides a vacuum electron beam welding method for 30CrMnSiNi2A steel. The thickness of the 30CrMnSiNi2A steel ranges from 20 mm to 120 mm, two pieces of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel to be welded are placed in a vacuum chamber, the vacuumizing degree of the vacuum chamber must be larger than or equal to 10 <-3> Pa, electron beam welding is conducted on the faces to be welded according to the set vacuum degree and electron beam welding technological parameters , the welding speed is controlled to be 100-800 mm/min in the welding process, the accelerating voltage is controlled to be 150 kV, the focus current is controlled to be 2000-2500 mA, the electron beam current is controlled to be 60-400 mA, and the work distance is controlled to be 200-1000 mm. The vacuum electron beam welding method is small in heat input amount, high in welding speed, high in welding seam purity under the vacuum condition, small in welding deformation and residual stress and high in welded joint strength coefficient, and the quality of welding seams meets the requirement of GJB 1718-2005 I level.

Description

A kind of vacuum electron beam welding method of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding technology field, refer more particularly to a kind of vacuum electron beam welding method of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel.
Background technology
The chemical composition of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel is Ni:1.40 ~ 1.80; Cr:0.90 ~ 1.20; Mn:1.00 ~ 1.20; C:0.27 ~ 0.33; Si:0.90 ~ 1.20; P:0.015; S:0.01; Fe surplus, belongs to Cr-Mn-Si-Ni structural alloy steel system.30CrMnSiNi2A steel has higher intensity, preferably ductility and toughness, good anti-fatigue performance and fracture toughness, low fatigue crack growth rate, the important force structure parts such as high strength connector and axial workpiece should be made, be specially adapted to manufacture and bear high-strength bolt under shearing stress condition and axle class, the undercarriage leg of aircraft, wing girder and other heavy connection.
The composition of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel and quenching degree, all determine that it is easy to obtain the hardened structure to cold crack sensitivity when cooling fast.Simultaneously phosphorus content is higher, and martensitic hardness and fragility are also higher, to cold crack just all the more sensitivity, and if postwelding without heat treatment, will heat-affected zone softened be caused.Width and thermal weld stress, the welding method etc. of heat-affected zone softened degree and softened zone have much relations.Thermal weld stress is less, and heating and cooling speed is faster, and softening degree is less, and the width of softened zone is narrower.
In addition the phosphorus content of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel is higher, and crystallization temperature interval is wide, easily occurs segregation, so this kind of steel is more responsive to solidification cracking, and part cracking easily recessed in arc crater and weld seam during welding.
30CrMnSiNi2A steel also has stress corrosion opening cracking maleate sensitivity, and this stress corrosion cracking often occurs in the weak corrosive medium such as water or damp atmosphere.
Argon tungsten-arc welding is comparatively large because heat inputs, and weld seam is responsive to cold crack, heat affected area organization softening, and welding quality is not good.
Especially the bevelled multi-pass welding of the many employings of aviation 30CrMnSiNi2A steel of thickness 20 ~ 120mm, the repeated multiple times experience thermal cycle of welding point, property of welded joint and steady quality energy not good.
At present, the vacuum electron beam welding that there is no about the aviation 30CrMnSiNi2A steel of thickness 20 ~ 120mm is reported.
Summary of the invention
For solving the Welding Problems of 20 ~ 120mm aviation 30CrMnSiNi2A steel, the invention provides a kind of vacuum electron beam welding method of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel, two 30CrMnSiNi2A steel to be welded are placed in vacuum chamber by the method, under the vacuum and welding condition of setting, electron beam welding is implemented to surface to be welded, heat input is little, speed of welding is fast, weld seam high purity under vacuum condition, welding deformation and residual stress little, strength of welded joint coefficient is high, and weldquality meets the requirement of GJB1718-2005 level.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A vacuum electron beam welding method for 30CrMnSiNi2A steel, the chemical composition of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel is Ni:1.40 ~ 1.80; Cr:0.90 ~ 1.20; Mn:1.00 ~ 1.20; C:0.27 ~ 0.33; Si:0.90 ~ 1.20; P:0.015; S:0.01; Fe surplus, the THICKNESS CONTROL of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel is at 20 ~ 120mm, and welding process uses conventional surface process, acetone, alcohol, vacuum chamber, electron beam, and feature of the present invention is as follows:
1. respectively conventional surface process is carried out to the surface to be welded of two 30CrMnSiNi2A steel to be welded, under Ultrasound-assisted, with acetone, alcohol, cleaning is carried out and wipe oil to described surface to be welded successively afterwards, for subsequent use after described surface to be welded drying;
2. above-mentioned two 30CrMnSiNi2A steel to be welded be 1. placed in vacuum chamber and fix with fixture, if good electro-beam welding process parameter electron beam is placed in above weld seam, then implementing to vacuumize to vacuum chamber, suction>=10 of vacuum chamber -3pa;
3. focused beam, set up electro-beam welding process parameter: speed of welding controls at 100 ~ 800mm/min, accelerating potential controls at 150kV, focus current controls at 2000 ~ 2500mA, Electron Beam current control is at 60 ~ 400mA, operating distance controls at 200 ~ 1000mm, till electron beam is welded to the other end from one end of surface to be welded described in two;
4. after described surface to be welded has welded, under vacuumized conditions, cool the suction that 10min removes vacuum chamber again, take out the 30CrMnSiNi2A steel welded, require strength factor >=0.95 of welding point.
Best electro-beam welding process parameter is: speed of welding 500mm/min, accelerating potential 150kV, focus current 2337mA, electron beam line 64mA, operating distance 500mm;
Above-mentioned 30CrMnSiNi2A steel can be sheet material, foundry goods or forging.
Owing to adopting technical scheme described above, the present invention produces following good effect:
Bond pull, impact combination property are better than adopting common molten solder,
1, employing concentration of energy, heat input the electron beam little, penetration capacity is strong, energy transformation ratio is high, controllability is good as welding thermal source, and make whole welding process time shorten, heat affected area reduction, weldquality meets the requirement of GJB1718-2005 level.
2, welding process is carried out in a vacuum chamber, avoids the impact of pernicious gas Welding on Properties of Welding Joint in air, effectively improves welding point combination property.
3, for the 30CrMnSiNi2A steel of thickness 20 ~ more than 120mm, can realize square groove one side welding with back formation, welding efficiency significantly improves, and avoids the joint performance in multi-layer multi-pass welding and Quality Down problem simultaneously.
4, because electron beam welding heat input is little, welding deformation is little, can the welding precision of effective control 30CrMnSiNi2A steel.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is a kind of vacuum electron beam welding method of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel, is the 30CrMnSiNi2A steel of 20 ~ 120mm mainly for thickness, requires that the chemical composition of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel must meet:
Ni:1.40 ~ 1.80; Cr:0.90 ~ 1.20; Mn:1.00 ~ 1.20; C:0.27 ~ 0.33; Si:0.90 ~ 1.20; P:0.015; S:0.01; Fe surplus.
Present invention utilizes electron beam have welding heat concentrate, heat input is little, speed of welding is fast, weld seam high purity under vacuum condition, it is tiny that weld dimensions tissue compares conventional arc weldering, and welding deformation and residual stress small end feature, not only can improve the welding efficiency of 20 ~ 120mm aviation 30CrMnSiNi2A steel, and significantly improving welding quality and stability, 30CrMnSiNi2A steel can be sheet material, foundry goods or forging.
The present invention welds the suction of room, initial vacuum necessary>=10 -3pa, electro-beam welding process parameter: speed of welding controls at 100 ~ 800mm/min, accelerating potential controls at 150kV, and focus current controls at 2000 ~ 2500mA, and Electron Beam current control is at 60 ~ 400mA, and operating distance controls at 200 ~ 1000mm.
According to the electro-beam welding process parameter of the best of the present invention and in conjunction with Gas Tungsten Arc Welding, its welding point
Performance comparison sees the following form.
Welding efficiency contrast sees the following form, and Biao Zhong unit in man-hour is minute.
Welding method During Welder Retaining wall on slope man-hour Assembling During chief engineer
Electron beam welding 60 — 60 120
Argon tungsten-arc welding 300 120 10 430
After whole welding job completes, utilize X-ray detectoscope butt welded seam to detect, weldquality meets the requirement of GJB1718-2005 level.
Recycle metallographic microscope Welded Joints afterwards and carry out fabric analysis, utilize almighty test machine to carry out the tension test test of welding point, strength factor >=0.95 of welding point.
The present invention is not limited to the electron beam welding of 20 ~ 120mm aviation 30CrMnSiNi2A steel, and the 30CrMnSiNi2A steel for other thickness has reference function equally, and open the present invention is intended to protect all changes and improvements in the scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. a vacuum electron beam welding method for 30CrMnSiNi2A steel, the chemical composition of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel is Ni:1.40 ~ 1.80; Cr:0.90 ~ 1.20; Mn:1.00 ~ 1.20; C:0.27 ~ 0.33; Si:0.90 ~ 1.20; P:0.015; S:0.01; Fe surplus, the THICKNESS CONTROL of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel is at 20 ~ 120mm, and welding process uses conventional surface process, acetone, alcohol, vacuum chamber, electron beam, it is characterized in that:
1. respectively conventional surface process is carried out to the surface to be welded of two 30CrMnSiNi2A steel to be welded, under Ultrasound-assisted, with acetone, alcohol, cleaning is carried out and wipe oil to described surface to be welded successively afterwards, for subsequent use after described surface to be welded drying;
2. above-mentioned two 30CrMnSiNi2A steel to be welded be 1. placed in vacuum chamber and fix with fixture, if good electro-beam welding process parameter electron beam is placed in above weld seam, then implementing to vacuumize to vacuum chamber, suction>=10 of vacuum chamber -3pa;
3. focused beam, set up electro-beam welding process parameter: speed of welding controls at 100 ~ 800mm/min, accelerating potential controls at 150kV, focus current controls at 2000 ~ 2500mA, Electron Beam current control is at 60 ~ 400mA, operating distance controls at 200 ~ 1000mm, till electron beam is welded to the other end from one end of surface to be welded described in two;
4. after described surface to be welded has welded, under vacuumized conditions, cool the suction that 10min removes vacuum chamber again, take out the 30CrMnSiNi2A steel welded, require strength factor >=0.95 of welding point.
2. the vacuum electron beam welding method of a kind of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: best electro-beam welding process parameter is: speed of welding 500mm/min, accelerating potential 150kV, focus current 2337mA, electron beam line 64mA, operating distance 500mm.
3. the vacuum electron beam welding method of a kind of 30CrMnSiNi2A steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: 30CrMnSiNi2A steel can be sheet material, foundry goods or forging.
CN201510549725.0A 2015-08-31 2015-08-31 Vacuum electron beam welding method for 30CrMnSiNi2A steel Pending CN105108294A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106141411A (en) * 2016-08-12 2016-11-23 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 The electron beam welding tool of a kind of aircraft cylinder and wing and welding procedure
CN106480363A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-03-08 国营芜湖机械厂 30CrMnSiNi2A steel laser cladding powder and preparation method
CN106825893A (en) * 2017-03-02 2017-06-13 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 It is a kind of for the ship vacuum electron beam welding method of Ti80 and 921A steel
CN107052556A (en) * 2016-08-23 2017-08-18 哈尔滨东安发动机（集团）有限公司 A kind of vacuum electron beam welding method of membranous disc component
CN114043062A (en) * 2021-11-10 2022-02-15 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Electron beam welding method for ultrahigh-strength gear bearing steel

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106141411A (en) * 2016-08-12 2016-11-23 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 The electron beam welding tool of a kind of aircraft cylinder and wing and welding procedure
CN106141411B (en) * 2016-08-12 2018-07-24 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 A kind of electron beam welding tool and welding procedure of aircraft cylinder and wing
CN107052556A (en) * 2016-08-23 2017-08-18 哈尔滨东安发动机（集团）有限公司 A kind of vacuum electron beam welding method of membranous disc component
CN106480363A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-03-08 国营芜湖机械厂 30CrMnSiNi2A steel laser cladding powder and preparation method
CN106480363B (en) * 2016-11-22 2018-08-17 国营芜湖机械厂 30CrMnSiNi2A steel laser cladding powder and preparation method
CN106825893A (en) * 2017-03-02 2017-06-13 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 It is a kind of for the ship vacuum electron beam welding method of Ti80 and 921A steel
CN114043062A (en) * 2021-11-10 2022-02-15 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Electron beam welding method for ultrahigh-strength gear bearing steel

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Application publication date: 20151202