CN105099154A - Open-circuit fault tolerance method for permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system converter - Google Patents
Open-circuit fault tolerance method for permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN105099154A CN105099154A CN201510585538.8A CN201510585538A CN105099154A CN 105099154 A CN105099154 A CN 105099154A CN 201510585538 A CN201510585538 A CN 201510585538A CN 105099154 A CN105099154 A CN 105099154A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses an open-circuit fault tolerance method for a permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system converter. The method comprises the following steps: setting current Park vector characteristic reference values for various phases of a converter for fault tolerance in advance; acquiring current Park vectors of various phases of the converter for fault tolerance, and determining absolute values of current Park vector phases; sequentially carrying out derivation and absolute value determination on the obtained absolute values to obtain measured current Park vector characteristic values; and for each phase of the converter for fault tolerance, judging whether the measured current Park vector characteristic value of the phase exceeds the current Park vector characteristic reference value or not, if so, judging that the phase is in an open-circuit fault, and carrying out fault tolerance control aiming at the fault phase with the open-circuit fault for fault tolerance. The open-circuit fault tolerance method has the advantages of good robustness, high fault diagnosis accuracy, high fault diagnosis speed, good fault tolerance performance and high system stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind generator system current transformer, be specifically related to a kind of open fault fault-tolerance approach of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system current transformer.
Background technology
Current transformer is the core component of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system (PMSG) and fragile link, IGBT open fault happens occasionally, the current transformer of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system (PMSG) output comprises pusher side current transformer and net side converter, is generally connected with two electric capacity of voltage regulation between the DC bus of pusher side current transformer and net side converter.
There is following shortcoming in the open fault fault-tolerance approach of existing permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system current transformer: (1) existing fault diagnosis technology adopts park vector magnitude as failure diagnosis variable, identification algorithm is complicated, poor real, is not suitable for on-line checkingi.And using park vector magnitude as diagnostic variable, failure diagnosis characteristics of variables is not obvious, be subject to the impact that wind speed mutation and line voltage fall the external disturbance such as road, robustness is poor; (2) mode of existing error-tolerance type current transformer many employings phase redundancy, substitutes fault brachium pontis with brachium pontis for subsequent use, and because IGBT is higher relative to bidirectional thyristor cost, the employing of brachium pontis for subsequent use adds the hardware cost of system; (3) existing three-phase four switching converter topological structure is powered owing to adopting two bus capacitor mid points, control bus voltage constant, and the charging and discharging state of electric capacity is contrary, will inevitably cause the imbalance of two bus capacitor voltages.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention: for the problems referred to above of prior art, provides the open fault fault-tolerance approach of the permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system current transformer that a kind of robustness is good, failure diagnosis accuracy is high, failure diagnosis speed is quick, fault freedom good, the stability of a system is high.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
An open fault fault-tolerance approach for permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system current transformer, step comprises:
1) in advance for treating that fault-tolerant current transformer respectively arranges electric current Park vector characteristic fiducial value mutually;
2) obtain and treat the electric current Park vector of each phase of fault-tolerant current transformer, obtain the absolute value of described electric current Park vector phase, the absolute value obtained is carried out successively differentiate, ask and thoroughly deserve electric current Park vector characteristic measured value;
3) for each phase treating fault-tolerant current transformer, judge whether the electric current Park vector characteristic measured value of this phase exceedes electric current Park vector characteristic fiducial value, if exceed electric current Park vector characteristic fiducial value, then judge this phase generation open fault and redirect execution step 4); Otherwise redirect performs step 2);
4) for treating that the fault phase of fault-tolerant generation open fault carries out faults-tolerant control.
Preferably, described step 1) detailed step comprise: treat the electric current Park vector of each phase of fault-tolerant current transformer obtaining when fault-tolerant current transformer is in normal condition in advance, obtain the absolute value of described electric current Park vector phase, and the absolute value obtained carried out successively differentiate, ask absolute value, obtain the electric current Park vector characteristic fiducial value treating each phase of fault-tolerant current transformer.
Preferably, described step 1) and step 2) in ask absolute value after also comprise step for asking the result of absolute value to carry out filtering.
Preferably, described acquisition treats that the electric current Park vector concrete steps of each phase of fault-tolerant current transformer comprise: the pusher side current transformer input current obtaining permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system, obtain the output current of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system net side converter, for each phase of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system, pusher side current transformer input current is obtained divided by the output current of net side converter the electric current Park vector treating fault-tolerant each phase of current transformer.
Preferably, described step 4) detailed step comprise:
4.1) the pulse signal isolated fault of the fault phase of fault-tolerant current transformer generation open fault is treated in locking;
4.2) by treating that the fault phase of fault-tolerant current transformer generation open fault to be connected to the mid point in the dc-link capacitance of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system between two electric capacity by switch element, be that fault phase is powered by the mid point in dc-link capacitance between two electric capacity;
4.3) will treat that the controlling tactic switch of fault-tolerant current transformer is to using three-phase four switch S VPWM modulation strategy, and DC bus-bar voltage reference value is set as the twice of initial value.
Preferably, described step 4.2) in switch element be bidirectional thyristor.
Preferably, described step 4.3) in also comprise reduce rotation speed of fan to reduce the step of blower fan input power.
Preferably, described step 4.3) in also comprise the step of two capacitance voltages in following adjustment dc-link capacitance:
I) the first bus capacitor C in dc-link capacitance is detected
1with the second bus capacitor C
2voltage, wherein treat that the positive electrode bus of fault-tolerant current transformer DC side is successively by the first bus capacitor C
1, the first bus capacitor C
2be connected with negative electrode bus;
II) by the first bus capacitor C
1voltage u
c1with the second bus capacitor C
2voltage u
c2compare, if the first bus capacitor C
1voltage u
c1be greater than the second bus capacitor C
2voltage u
c2then to treating fault-tolerant current transformer normal phase transmit button state " 11 ", make to treat that on fault-tolerant current transformer normal phase, brachium pontis conducting is to increase by the first bus capacitor C
1discharge time; If the first bus capacitor C
1voltage u
c1be less than the second bus capacitor C
2voltage u
c2then to treating fault-tolerant current transformer normal phase transmit button state " 00 ", under making to treat fault-tolerant current transformer normal phase, brachium pontis conducting is to increase by the second bus capacitor C
2discharge time.
The open fault fault-tolerance approach of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system current transformer of the present invention has following advantage: the present invention obtains the electric current Park vector treating each phase of fault-tolerant current transformer, obtain the absolute value of electric current Park vector phase, the absolute value obtained is carried out differentiate successively, ask and thoroughly deserve electric current Park vector characteristic measured value, for each phase treating fault-tolerant current transformer, judge whether the electric current Park vector characteristic measured value of this phase exceedes electric current Park vector characteristic fiducial value to carry out open fault diagnosis, adopt the derivation detection fault of electric current Park vector phase, because the change of electric current Park vector may be very little in a control cycle, but current vector angle also can be very large to the derivative of time in very short control cycle, more responsive to the ginseng transformation of variable of system, the precision of fault detect can be improved, there is robustness good, failure diagnosis accuracy is high, failure diagnosis speed is quick, fault freedom is good, the advantage that the stability of a system is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the error-tolerance type permanent magnet direct-drive wind power system topology diagram of the application embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the basic procedure schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention method.
Fig. 3 is the basic procedure schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention obtains electric current Park vector characteristic measured value.
Fig. 4 is that the embodiment of the present invention obtains the curve synoptic diagram obtained in electric current Park vector characteristic measured value process.
Fig. 5 is for wind generator system shown in Fig. 1 is at the topological structure schematic diagram of net side converter A phase time.
Fig. 6 considers that capacity unmbalance voltage is the drift condition schematic diagram of basic voltage vectors.
Fig. 7 is the equivalent electric circuit of net side converter when there is on off state " 00 ".
Fig. 8 is the equivalent electric circuit of net side converter when there are on off state " 11 ".
Embodiment
Hereafter by for the net side converter of the direct-drive wind power system of error-tolerance type permanent magnet shown in Fig. 1 (PMSG), the open fault fault-tolerance approach of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system current transformer of the present invention is further detailed.See Fig. 1, error-tolerance type permanent magnet direct-drive wind power system (PMSG) comprises pusher side current transformer and net side converter, and pusher side current transformer comprises R
1~ R
6totally six IGBT, net side converter comprises I
1~ I
6totally six IGBT, are provided with dc-link capacitance between the DC bus of pusher side current transformer and net side converter, and dc-link capacitance comprises the first bus capacitor C of arranged in series
1with the second bus capacitor C
2, positive electrode bus is successively by the first bus capacitor C
1, the first bus capacitor C
2be connected with negative electrode bus.
As shown in Figure 2, the step of the open fault fault-tolerance approach of the present embodiment permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system current transformer comprises:
1) in advance for treating that fault-tolerant current transformer respectively arranges electric current Park vector characteristic fiducial value mutually;
2) obtain and treat the electric current Park vector of each phase of fault-tolerant current transformer, obtain the absolute value of electric current Park vector phase, the absolute value obtained is carried out successively differentiate, ask and thoroughly deserve electric current Park vector characteristic measured value;
3) for each phase treating fault-tolerant current transformer, judge whether the electric current Park vector characteristic measured value of this phase exceedes electric current Park vector characteristic fiducial value, if exceed electric current Park vector characteristic fiducial value, then judge this phase generation open fault and redirect execution step 4); Otherwise redirect performs step 2);
4) for treating that the fault phase of fault-tolerant generation open fault carries out faults-tolerant control.
As shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, obtain the absolute value of electric current Park vector phase, the absolute value obtained is carried out successively differentiate, ask and thoroughly deserve electric current Park vector characteristic measured value.For net side converter A phase in the present embodiment, the wavy curve of the electric current Park vector of A phase is as shown in Fig. 4 (a), obtain the wavy curve of the absolute value of electric current Park vector phase as shown in Fig. 4 (b), the absolute value obtained is carried out successively wavy curve that differentiate obtains as shown in Fig. 4 (c), finally obtain the wavy curve of electric current Park vector characteristic measured value as shown in Fig. 4 (d).Differentiate is that one is differentiated, more responsive to the ginseng transformation of variable of system, because the change of electric current Park vector may be very little in a control cycle, but current vector angle also can be very large to the derivative of time in very short control cycle, when therefore normally running, electric current Park vector characteristic measured value is the detection variable of values constant, and larger change can occur electric current Park vector characteristic measured value when an error occurs.As net side converter A phase IGBT (I
1or I
4) when there is open fault, as shown in Figure 5, only consider the open fault of IGBT in the present embodiment, during fault, diode antiparallel with it still can keep UNICOM to the topology diagram of system.
In the present embodiment, step 1) detailed step comprise: treat the electric current Park vector of each phase of fault-tolerant current transformer obtaining when fault-tolerant current transformer is in normal condition in advance, obtain the absolute value of electric current Park vector phase, and the absolute value obtained carried out successively differentiate, ask absolute value, obtain the electric current Park vector characteristic fiducial value treating each phase of fault-tolerant current transformer.
As shown in Figure 3, step 1 in the present embodiment) and step 2) in ask absolute value after also comprise step for asking the result of absolute value to carry out filtering, by asking the result of absolute value to filter, the interference that the links such as measurement are introduced can be removed.
In the present embodiment, obtain and treat that the electric current Park vector concrete steps of each phase of fault-tolerant current transformer comprise: the pusher side current transformer input current obtaining permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system, obtain the output current of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system net side converter, for each phase of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system, pusher side current transformer input current is obtained divided by the output current of net side converter the electric current Park vector treating fault-tolerant each phase of current transformer.For net side converter A phase, just pusher side current transformer input current i
adivided by the output current i of net side converter
a, the electric current Park vector (i treating fault-tolerant current transformer A phase can be obtained
a/ i
a).
In the present embodiment, step 4) detailed step comprise:
4.1) the pulse signal isolated fault of the fault phase of fault-tolerant current transformer generation open fault is treated in locking;
4.2) by treating that the fault phase of fault-tolerant current transformer generation open fault to be connected to the mid point in the dc-link capacitance of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system between two electric capacity by switch element, be that fault phase is powered by the mid point in dc-link capacitance between two electric capacity;
4.3) will treat that the controlling tactic switch of fault-tolerant current transformer is to using three-phase four switch S VPWM modulation strategy, and DC bus-bar voltage reference value is set as the twice of initial value.DC bus-bar voltage reference value is for generating the set-point of the active current in three-phase four switch S VPWM modulation strategy, after DC bus-bar voltage reference value and measured value being compared in three-phase four switch S VPWM modulation strategy, through the set-point of the active current that PI regulates.During normal operation, it is DC bus electricity value that inverter exports phase voltage maximum, in the present embodiment fault phase is connected to busbar voltage mid point, the output voltage of fault phase only has the half of busbar voltage, and line voltage normally remains unchanged, for avoiding inverter failure, busbar voltage reference value is set as original twice, make the change of actual measurement voltage follow reference voltage, this has higher requirement to the withstand voltage of switching device certainly.The key step of three-phase four switch S VPWM modulation strategy comprises: 1. judge reference voltage vector u
outsector, place; 2. action time T1, T2 of basic voltage vectors is calculated; 3. the switching instant that brachium pontis operating state changes is determined; 4. obtaining pulse signal more afterwards with triangular carrier drives IGBT to work, and it should be noted that, three-phase four switch S VPWM modulation strategy is current transformer control strategy common at present, therefore the details of its concrete implementation step does not repeat them here.
In the present embodiment, step 4.2) in switch element be bidirectional thyristor.Known see Fig. 1, the present embodiment is respectively equipped with Tr at the A/B/C three-phase of pusher side current transformer
1~ Tr
3totally three bidirectional thyristors, are respectively equipped with Tr at the A/B/C three-phase of net side converter
4~ Tr
6totally three bidirectional thyristors, in the present embodiment, net side converter A phase is fault phase, therefore specifically refers to net side converter A phase by bidirectional thyristor Tr
4be connected to the first bus capacitor C in the dc-link capacitance of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system
1, the first bus capacitor C
2between mid point.
In the present embodiment, step 4.3) in also comprise and reduce rotation speed of fan to reduce the step of blower fan input power.Because input power and rotation speed of fan are similar in three cubed relation, under consideration three-phase four switch S VPWM modulation strategy, the capacity of current transformer reduces, just blower fan input power should reduce after there is open fault, namely correspondingly will reduce rotation speed of fan according to after fault to the requirement of grid-connected transmission power.
First bus capacitor C in dc-link capacitance in theory
1with the second bus capacitor C
2voltage unbalance.But in fact the first bus capacitor C
1with the second bus capacitor C
2voltage may not wait, the fault freedom of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system can be caused like this to reduce.Fig. 6 gives the skew of fundamental space voltage vector when considering that capacitance voltage is uneven, if control with the voltage vector of skew, can worsen system control performance.U
0, u
1, u
2, u
3four fundamental space voltage vectors of three-phase four switch S VPWM modulation strategy, u '
0, u
1', u
2', u
3', u
outbe output voltage, θ is the angle of output voltage and α axle forward.From upper figure, when considering that capacitance voltage unbalance voltage affects, fundamental space voltage vector there occurs skew, if the space voltage vector adopting these to offset controls, the control performance of system will inevitably be worsened, it is the basic reason causing fundamental space voltage vector to offset that capacitor charge and discharge makes DC bus-bar voltage fluctuate, and the voltage balancing two electric capacity can optimization system performance.In the present embodiment, step 4.3) in also comprise the step of two capacitance voltages in following adjustment dc-link capacitance:
I) the first bus capacitor C in dc-link capacitance is detected
1with the second bus capacitor C
2voltage, wherein treat that the positive electrode bus of fault-tolerant current transformer DC side is successively by the first bus capacitor C
1, the first bus capacitor C
2be connected with negative electrode bus;
II) by the first bus capacitor C
1voltage u
c1with the second bus capacitor C
2voltage u
c2compare, if the first bus capacitor C
1voltage u
c1be greater than the second bus capacitor C
2voltage u
c2then to treating fault-tolerant current transformer normal phase transmit button state " 11 ", make to treat that on fault-tolerant current transformer normal phase, brachium pontis conducting is to increase by the first bus capacitor C
1discharge time; If the first bus capacitor C
1voltage u
c1be less than the second bus capacitor C
2voltage u
c2then to treating fault-tolerant current transformer normal phase transmit button state " 00 ", under making to treat fault-tolerant current transformer normal phase, brachium pontis conducting is to increase by the second bus capacitor C
2discharge time.
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 gives and utilizes on off state " 00 " and " 11 " to regulate the first bus capacitor C
1with the second bus capacitor C
2voltage realize principle, on off state " 00 " (i.e. S
bs
c=00) I in corresponding diagram 3
2and I
6conducting, I
3and I
5turn off, now equivalent electric circuit as shown in Figure 7; On off state " 11 " (i.e. S
bs
c=11) I in corresponding diagram 3
3and I
5conducting, I
2and I
6turn off, now equivalent electric circuit as shown in Figure 8.U
c1, u
c2be respectively the first bus capacitor C
1with the second bus capacitor C
2voltage, Z
a, Z
b, Z
cfor net side equiva lent impedance.Work as u
c1>u
c2time, by extra transmit button state " 11 ", namely increase I
3and I
5oN time, the first bus capacitor C can be increased
1discharge time, thus make the first bus capacitor C
1with the second bus capacitor C
2the balance of voltage; In like manner, u is worked as
c1<u
c2time, by extra transmit button state " 00 ", namely increase I
2and I
6oN time, the second bus capacitor C can be increased
2discharge time, thus make the first bus capacitor C
1with the second bus capacitor C
2the balance of voltage, improve the performance of tolerant system.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention be not only confined to above-described embodiment, and all technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. an open fault fault-tolerance approach for permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system current transformer, is characterized in that step comprises:
1) in advance for treating that fault-tolerant current transformer respectively arranges electric current Park vector characteristic fiducial value mutually;
2) obtain and treat the electric current Park vector of each phase of fault-tolerant current transformer, obtain the absolute value of described electric current Park vector phase, the absolute value obtained is carried out successively differentiate, ask and thoroughly deserve electric current Park vector characteristic measured value;
3) for each phase treating fault-tolerant current transformer, judge whether the electric current Park vector characteristic measured value of this phase exceedes electric current Park vector characteristic fiducial value, if exceed electric current Park vector characteristic fiducial value, then judge this phase generation open fault and redirect execution step 4); Otherwise redirect performs step 2);
4) for treating that the fault phase of fault-tolerant generation open fault carries out faults-tolerant control.
2. the open fault fault-tolerance approach of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system current transformer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step 1) detailed step comprise: treat the electric current Park vector of each phase of fault-tolerant current transformer obtaining when fault-tolerant current transformer is in normal condition in advance, obtain the absolute value of described electric current Park vector phase, and the absolute value obtained carried out successively differentiate, ask absolute value, obtain the electric current Park vector characteristic fiducial value treating each phase of fault-tolerant current transformer.
3. the open fault fault-tolerance approach of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system current transformer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described step 1) and step 2) in ask absolute value after also comprise step for asking the result of absolute value to carry out filtering.
4. the open fault fault-tolerance approach of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system current transformer according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described acquisition treats that the electric current Park vector concrete steps of each phase of fault-tolerant current transformer comprise: the pusher side current transformer input current obtaining permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system, obtain the output current of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system net side converter, for each phase of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system, pusher side current transformer input current is obtained divided by the output current of net side converter the electric current Park vector treating fault-tolerant each phase of current transformer.
5. according to the open fault fault-tolerance approach of the permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system current transformer in Claims 1 to 4 described in any one, it is characterized in that, described step 4) detailed step comprise:
4.1) the pulse signal isolated fault of the fault phase of fault-tolerant current transformer generation open fault is treated in locking;
4.2) by treating that the fault phase of fault-tolerant current transformer generation open fault to be connected to the mid point in the dc-link capacitance of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system between two electric capacity by switch element, be that fault phase is powered by the mid point in dc-link capacitance between two electric capacity;
4.3) will treat that the controlling tactic switch of fault-tolerant current transformer is to using three-phase four switch S VPWM modulation strategy, and DC bus-bar voltage reference value is set as the twice of initial value.
6. the open fault fault-tolerance approach of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system current transformer according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described step 4.2) in switch element be bidirectional thyristor.
7. the open fault fault-tolerance approach of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system current transformer according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described step 4.3) in also comprise reduce rotation speed of fan to reduce the step of blower fan input power.
8. the open fault fault-tolerance approach of permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generation system current transformer according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described step 4.3) also comprise the step of two capacitance voltages in following adjustment dc-link capacitance:
I) the first bus capacitor C in dc-link capacitance is detected
1with the second bus capacitor C
2voltage, wherein treat that the positive electrode bus of fault-tolerant current transformer DC side is successively by the first bus capacitor C
1, the first bus capacitor C
2be connected with negative electrode bus;
II) by the first bus capacitor C
1voltage u
c1with the second bus capacitor C
2voltage u
c2compare, if the first bus capacitor C
1voltage u
c1be greater than the second bus capacitor C
2voltage u
c2then to treating fault-tolerant current transformer normal phase transmit button state " 11 ", make to treat that on fault-tolerant current transformer normal phase, brachium pontis conducting is to increase by the first bus capacitor C
1discharge time; If the first bus capacitor C
1voltage u
c1be less than the second bus capacitor C
2voltage u
c2then to treating fault-tolerant current transformer normal phase transmit button state " 00 ", under making to treat fault-tolerant current transformer normal phase, brachium pontis conducting is to increase by the second bus capacitor C
2discharge time.
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| CN107425767A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-01 | 上海交通大学 | Wind electric converter failure reconfiguration optimal control method is pressed in cascaded H-bridges |
| CN107728063A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-02-23 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of direct-drive permanent magnet wind turbine generator group current transformer open fault diagnostic method |
| CN107728063B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2019-10-08 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of direct-drive permanent magnet wind turbine generator group current transformer open-circuit fault diagnostic method |
| CN111830435A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Open-circuit fault diagnosis method for power tube of six-phase permanent magnet fault-tolerant motor system |
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