CN105089646A - Logging-while-drilling resistivity measuring device with data transmission function and method - Google Patents
Logging-while-drilling resistivity measuring device with data transmission function and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a logging-while-drilling resistivity measuring device with a data transmission function and a method. The device comprises a first antenna and matching circuit, a measurement transmission module, a second antenna and matching circuit, a measurement receiving module, a hear-bit data collection module and a data relay module. The method comprises steps of resistivity measurement and data transmission. According to the invention, by integrating the original two sets of devices into one set of device, the complexity is not obviously increased at all and the hardware cost is reduced. During resistivity measurement according to the invention, since a receiving antenna is installed at the lower end of a power drilling tool and the distance between a transmission antenna and the receiving antenna is longer, the measurement in deeper formations is facilitated, the influence of drilling fluid is reduced, and the final measurement results more favorably reflect the original formations and are very beneficial to geosteering and drilling trajectory adjustment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil and gas development and Exploration Domain, relate to a kind of LWD resistivity log device and method being integrated with data-transformation facility specifically.
Background technology
Along with the quick growth of offshore drilling and the development of horizontal well technology, the application of logging while drilling technology is also more and more extensive.The main distinction of well logging during and Regular wireline is that the real-time of its data acquisition, formation data have when slight invasion at drilling fluid to obtain, thus closer to undisturbed formation.While drilling well, complete the test of formation data, transmission, field assay, explanation, not only saved drilling period, and can drilling well be instructed, regulate wellbore trace, improve drilling course.
Traditional connector for logging while drilling is arranged on the upper end of power drilling tool mostly, the position beyond distance 10 meters, drill bit.Data due to apparatus measures are exactly the formation parameter of instrument position, and thus concerning geosteering, the data measured according to these are carried out TRAJECTORY CONTROL and had certain hysteresis quality.Therefore increasing survey tool is designed to be arranged on power drilling tool lower end, the position of nearly drill bit, and the data measured like this have the higher fact.But be usually arranged on power drilling tool upper end, the position of drill bit far away with brill remote transmission device in prior art, just need a set of data transmission device to come to transmit from the nearly bit location in power drilling tool lower end to the data of power drilling tool upper end bit location far away thus.
Resistivity is the major parameter of reflection formation characteristics, and the measurement of resistivity logging while drilling is the key components of well logging during.Judge that formation characteristics changes by the resistivity measuring stratum near drill bit, analyze through comprehensive, can judge whether drill bit gets out reservoir in time, thus adjust well track in time, guarantee that well is accurately hit reservoir and navigates within reservoir the optimum position being conducive to oil-gas mining.In prior art, by measuring in electromagnetic transmission process the method forming different phase differences and Amplitude Ratio and reflect formation resistivity, become the main mensuration of resistivity logging while drilling.
But according to the measuring principle of resistivity, the investigation depth of resistivity and transmitting antenna have direct relation to the distance of reception antenna, and transmitting antenna is darker to the longer investigation depth of distance of reception antenna.Therefore design the resistivity measurement instrument length of realization all more than 3 meters according to prior art, power drilling tool lower end cannot be arranged on.Power drilling tool, generally all more than 5 meters, also has the space of 1 meter between drill bit and power drilling tool.Final aerial position distance bit location is all more than 8 meters.Because most of oil field development all enters middle and advanced stage, oil reservoir is all thinner, does not reach more than 8 meters.Therefore, when in the face of comparatively oil sheet, wellbore trace is regulated will be very difficult.
Therefore, the data transmission problems between nearly drill bit place and power drilling tool upper and lower side cannot be arranged on for resistivity measurement instrument, need method and the device of a kind of new LWD resistivity log and nearly drill bit data transmission.
Summary of the invention
Cannot be arranged on the data transmission problems between nearly drill bit place and power drilling tool upper and lower side for resistivity measurement instrument, the invention provides a kind of LWD resistivity log device being integrated with data-transformation facility, described device comprises:
First antenna and match circuit;
Measure transmitter module, be connected with described first antenna and match circuit, to initiate the electromagnetic wave of instruction and predetermined band according to the measurement cycle period emission measurement preset;
Second antenna and match circuit;
Measure receiver module, be connected with described second antenna and match circuit, to receive the reflection of electromagnetic wave signal carried on the predetermined band reflecting formation resistivity information through stratum reflection on different path according to described measuring command, and the reflected signal in described different path is processed thus determines the formation resistivity between described transmitter module to receiver module;
Nearly drill bit data collection module, with in described measurement transmitter module or described measurement receiver module one be connected, and connect with other nearly bit measuring instruments, to collect the survey data of other nearly bit measuring instruments;
Data relay module, with in described measurement transmitter module or described measurement receiver module, another is connected, and connect with boring remote transmission device, so that the survey data of other nearly bit measuring instruments described and the resistivity that records are sent to boring remote transmission device.
In one embodiment, described measurement transmitter module is arranged on the Part I of power drilling tool be connected data relay module, and described Part I forms the first pipe nipple of described power drilling tool, and it is located at the top of described power drilling tool;
Described measurement receiver module is arranged on the Part II of power drilling tool be connected nearly drill bit data collection module away from described measurement transmitter module, described Part II forms the second pipe nipple of described power drilling tool, it is located at the below of described power drilling tool, and the position of described second pipe nipple is near drill bit.
In one embodiment, the antenna in described second antenna and match circuit is arranged, in pairs to receive the reflection of electromagnetic wave signal on different path symmetrically.
In one embodiment, the clock source of described measurement receiver module and described measurement transmitter module adopts temperature-compensating crystal oscillating circuit.
In one embodiment, described measurement receiver module also comprises:
First codec unit, carries out encoding and decoding to received data, and identifies that wherein whether comprising measurement initiates instruction;
Gather amplifying unit, it carries out collection when identifying and having and measure and initiate instruction to the reflection of electromagnetic wave signal on each path from the second antenna and match circuit and amplifies process;
Computing unit, it calculates phase difference between the reflected signal after the amplification on different path and Amplitude Ratio, thus determines the formation resistivity between described transmitter module to described receiver module.
In one embodiment, described measurement transmitter module comprises:
Second digital wireless communication unit, to send data signal to measurement receiver module or to receive the data signal of measurement receiver module, the initiation of described data signal is relevant with the measurement cycle period preset or measuring frequency;
Second codec unit, carries out encoding and decoding to received digital signal, and judges whether to enter resistivity measurement state;
Electromagnetic wave measurement transmitter unit, the measuring frequency emitting electromagnetic wave measuring-signal preset with basis, wherein the power of this measuring-signal is greater than the power of described data signal.
In one embodiment, described first antenna and match circuit are connected with the first multiplexer, the time-sharing multiplex in transmitter module is being measured described first antenna to be coupled thus to realize described antenna with described first digital wireless communication unit or described electromagnetic wave measurement transmitter unit in the different moment, described second antenna and match circuit are connected with the second multiplexer, described second multiplexer is measuring the time-sharing multiplex in receiver module in order to described second antenna is coupled to realize described antenna with described second digital wireless communication unit or described collection amplifying unit in the different moment.
Be integrated with a How It Works for the LWD resistivity log device of data-transformation facility, comprise the following steps:
Measurement parameter in pre-configured described LWD resistivity log device, wherein said measurement parameter comprises measuring frequency or measures cycle period;
Measurement transmitter module in described device judges whether to enter resistivity measurement state, when judged result is that when being, described measurement transmitter module first sends measurement initiation instruction electromagnetic wave to the measurement transmitter module in described device, then send the resistivity measurement signal electromagnetic wave of predetermined band to the measurement transmitter module in described device with different capacity, the power wherein sending resistivity measurement signal electromagnetic wave is greater than the described measurement of transmission and initiates the electromagnetic power of instruction;
When receiving described measurement and initiating instruction, the measurement receiver module of described device enters measuring state, different path receives the reflection of electromagnetic wave signal carried on the predetermined band reflecting formation resistivity information through stratum reflection, and the reflected signal in described different path is processed thus determines the formation resistivity between described transmitter module to described receiver module;
Described measurement transmitter module judges whether to enter resistivity measurement state, and when judged result is no, described measurement transmitter module enters holding state;
When described measurement receiver module does not receive described measurement initiation instruction, described measurement receiver module enters holding state.
In one embodiment, described method also comprises data transmission step, and described data transmission step comprises:
Data relay module in described device receives from the described ground order data with boring remote transmission device;
The ground order data that described data relay module receives is sent to described measurement receiver module by described measurement transmitter module;
Described nearly drill bit data collection module receives the ground order data from described data relay module by described measurement receiver module;
Ground order data after process is conveyed to other nearly bit measuring instruments by described nearly drill bit data collection module;
Described nearly drill bit data collection module collects the formation resistivity result of calculation in the survey data of other nearly bit measuring instruments described or described device;
The survey data that described nearly drill bit data collection module is collected by described measurement receiver module or formation resistivity result of calculation send to described measurement transmitter module;
Described data relay module receives the ground order data from described nearly drill bit data collection module by described measurement transmitter module; ;
The survey data received or formation resistivity result of calculation are transferred to brill remote transmission device by described data relay module.
In one embodiment, described data transmission step is performed when described measurement transmitter module or described measurement receiver module enter holding state.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, transmit integral method according to resistivity measurement of the present invention and nearly drill bit data, original two covering devices are integrated into set of device, and complexity does not significantly improve, and its hardware cost saved is considerable;
2, according to resistivity measurement of the present invention time, transmitting antenna and reception antenna distant, be conducive to measuring the measurement of layer deeper, reduce the impact of drilling fluid, final measurement result is more conducive to reflecting original-pack stratum;
3, the electromagnetic wave receiving terminal carrying out resistivity measurement according to the present invention is arranged on power drilling tool lower end, and distance drill bit is very near, this to geosteering, regulate wellbore trace highly beneficial.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and, partly become apparent from manual, or understand by implementing the present invention.Object of the present invention and other advantages realize by step specifically noted in manual, claims and accompanying drawing and obtain.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for manual, with embodiments of the invention jointly for explaining the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is flow chart according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention structure diagram;
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of the first pipe nipple and the second pipe nipple according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is according to the mounting structure sketch of one embodiment of the invention when reality uses.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe embodiments of the present invention in detail below with reference to drawings and Examples, to the present invention, how application technology means solve technical problem whereby, and the implementation procedure reaching technique effect can fully understand and implement according to this.It should be noted that, only otherwise form conflict, each embodiment in the present invention and each feature in each embodiment can be combined with each other, and the technical scheme formed is all within protection scope of the present invention.
In traditional geology drilling operation, the length of conventional LWD resistivity log device generally all more than 3m, because the distance between power drilling tool and drill bit generally more than 1m, therefore can not substantially all be installed on the upper end of the power drilling tool being in down-hole.Suppose LWD resistivity log device and then power drilling tool install, the distance of the antenna distance drill bit so on LWD resistivity log device is: antenna is to the length of the length of power drilling tool, power drilling tool and near bit tool length sum.Wherein, antenna is generally 0.5m-2m to the length of power drilling tool, and the length of power drilling tool is generally 5m-10m, and the length of nearly bit resistivity survey tool is about 1m.Therefore, even if under the condition that and then power drilling tool is installed with brill electromagnetic resistivity apparatus, the distance of antenna distance survey mark is also at 6.5m-13m.Like this, when oil reservoir is thinner, because survey tool distance drill bit is excessively far away, regulate wellbore trace very difficult.
In another kind of LWD resistivity log device, in order to the distance of antenna to drill bit that further, LWD resistivity log device is arranged on power drilling tool lower end.But because power drilling tool can not more than 1m to the distance of drill bit, therefore, the distance between the transmitting antenna of the electromagnetic resistivity of this kind of LWD resistivity log device and reception antenna is also no more than 1m.Because the resistivity measurement degree of depth is directly related with the distance between transmitting antenna and reception antenna, distance is larger, and fathom darker, therefore the resistivity measurement degree of depth of this kind of LWD resistivity log device is very limited.Further, when device is arranged on nearly bit location, just must consider how to realize the data transmission problems between the measurement mechanism of nearly bit location and the remote transmission device of bit location far away simultaneously.
The present invention is with boring on the basis of electromagnetic resistivity measuring technique and nearly drill bit radio magnetic wave signal short-distance transmission technology existing, through researching and developing a kind of new LWD resistivity log device drawn, this device not only improves original LWD resistivity log device but also is integrated with nearly drill bit data-transformation facility.The present invention adopts electromagnetic wave to carry out data transmission and resistivity measurement as carrier.Electromagnetic resistivity is measured the frequency used and is subject to a definite limitation.Because when using the frequency of 100KHz to 10MHz, measurement effect is best.Therefore the wave frequency of device is selected within the scope of 100KHz to 10MHz, so both can realize the transmission of nearly drill bit radio magnetic wave signal short-distance, and can realize again the measurement of electromagnetic resistivity.
According to LWD resistivity log device and method of the present invention, original two covering devices are integrated into set of device, not only can realize the transmission of nearly drill bit data but also can realize resistivity measurement, device complexity does not significantly improve, and has saved the cost with drill tools.
According to one embodiment of the invention, all process steps of the present invention complete in two relatively independent parts, and wherein Part II is installed in the nearly drill bit of power drilling tool, and first module is installed in the drill bit far away of power drilling tool.Following combination carrys out detailed specific description executive mode of the present invention according to the device block diagram of the present invention one specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, relatively independent Part I 110 and Part II 120 two parts are divided into according to the LWD resistivity log device of the embodiment of the present invention.These two parts are arranged on the two ends of power drilling tool respectively, and the Part II 120 of device is arranged on the one end near drill bit.This mounting means had both effectively increased with the distance between power drilling tool electromagnetic wave resistivity survey apparatus reception antenna and transmitting antenna, also met the requirement that reception antenna can not be too far away to the distance of drill bit.Thus while the resistance parameter accurate directive function that wellbore trace is regulated measured by ensureing, add the investigation depth of resistivity.Simultaneously also reach nearly bit measuring instrument by the data interaction between Part I 110 and Part II 120 and with the data interaction of boring between remote transmission device.
The Part I 110 of device comprises antenna 111 and antenna-matching circuit 112, multiplexer 113, measures transmitter module 114 and data relay module 119.
Data relay module 119 connects with brill remote transmission device 170 and measures transmitter module 114, in order to complete with the data interaction of boring remote transmission device 170 and measure between transmitter module 114.Data relay module 119 receives from being transmitted to and measuring transmitter module 114 with the ground order data 172 boring remote transmission device 170, simultaneously data relay module 119 also in the future the survey data 171 of measurement transmitter module 114 be transmitted to brill remote transmission device 170.
Measure transmitter module 114 can initiate instruction or predetermined band electromagnetic wave according to the measurement cycle period preset or ground survey order emission measurement.It comprises wireless communication unit 115, codec unit 117 and electromagnetic wave measurement transmitter unit 116.
Default encoding and decoding defined parameters is had in codec unit 117, codec unit 117 is connected with data relay module 119, for carrying out encoding and decoding to received digital signal, it receives the ground order data 172 from data relay module 119 and to its encoding and decoding, then the ground order data 151 after encoding and decoding is sent to the Part II 120 of device by wireless communication unit 115; Codec unit 117 is also connected with wireless communication unit 115, and it receives the survey data 152 from wireless communication unit 115 and to its encoding and decoding, then the survey data 171 after encoding and decoding is sent to brill remote transmission device 170.
Codec unit 117 is also connected with electrical measurement wave measurement transmitter unit 116, and in codec unit 117, also have parameter measuring period preset.Whether codec unit 117 enters resistivity measurement state by parameter judgment means measuring period preset.When codec unit 117 judgment means needs to enter resistivity measurement state, it first sends to measure by wireless communication unit 115 initiates instruction 150 to the Part II 120 of device, then electrical measurement wave measurement transmitter unit 116 is activated, the measuring frequency that now electromagnetic wave measurement transmitter unit 116 starts to preset sends electromagnetic wave measurement signal 130, and the power of this signal is greater than the power measured and initiate instruction 150.Electromagnetic wave measurement signal 130 is sent in stratum 160, and received by the Part II 120 of device after the reflection of stratum, the signal received is the electromagnetic wave measurement reflected signal 140 carrying dampening information.
Codec unit 117 can also judge whether the ground order data 172 received comprises to measure and initiate instruction.When ground order data 172 comprises measurement initiation instruction, codec unit 117 by first sending measurement initiation instruction 150 to the Part II 120 of device by wireless communication unit 115, then activates electrical measurement wave measurement transmitter unit 116 at once.
In the present embodiment, the operational process of acquiescence is: no matter whether device receives ground order data or collect the survey data of other nearly bit measuring instruments, as long as device receives resistivity measurement and initiates instruction or be in the resistivity measurement cycle, codec unit 117 initiates instruction 150 to the Part II 120 of device by first sending to measure by wireless communication unit 115 at once, then activates electrical measurement wave measurement transmitter unit 116.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the priority of different types of data also can be preset in codec unit 117.Thus the codec unit 117 ground order data that can be currently received by judgment means or the data type of the survey data of other nearly drill bit survey tools collected, determine to enter resistivity measurement pattern immediately or first complete related data transmission step to enter resistivity measurement pattern again.
In a first portion, electromagnetic wave measurement transmitter unit 116 and wireless communication unit 115 are connected respectively on multiplexer 113.Multiplexer 113 is connected with antenna 111 by antenna-matching circuit 112, and it acts on is antenna 111 and match circuit 112 thereof to be coupled with wireless communication unit 115 or electromagnetic wave measurement transmitter unit 116 in the different moment thus to realize the time-sharing multiplex of antenna 111 in Part I 110.
Namely, when wireless communication unit 115 works, multiplexer 113 is communicated with antenna 111 and match circuit 112 thereof and wireless communication unit 115, thus wireless communication unit 115 can utilize antenna 111 and match circuit 112 thereof send or receive electromagnetic wave signal.When electromagnetic wave measurement transmitter unit 116 works concurrent power transmission magnetic wave measuring-signal, multiplexer 113 is communicated with antenna 111 and match circuit 112 thereof and electromagnetic wave measurement transmitter unit 116, thus electromagnetic wave measurement transmitter unit 116 can utilize antenna 111 and match circuit 112 thereof to send electromagnetic wave measurement signal.
The Part II 120 of device comprises antenna 121 and antenna-matching circuit 122, measures receiver module 124, multiplexer 123.
Measure receiver module 124 to be used on different path, receiving according to described measuring command the reflection of electromagnetic wave signal 140 carried on the predetermined band reflecting formation resistivity information reflected through stratum, and the reflected signal in different path is processed thus determines the formation resistivity between transmitter module to receiver module.It comprises wireless communication unit 125, codec unit 127, gathers amplifying circuit 126 and computing unit 128.
Similar Part I, the effect of the multiplexer 123 in Part II is by antenna 121 and match circuit 122 thereof and wireless communication unit 125 or gather amplifying circuit 126 and be coupled thus realize antenna 121 and measuring the time-sharing multiplex in receiver module 124 in the different moment.
When device works, multiplexer 123 is first communicated with antenna 121 and match circuit 122 thereof and wireless communication unit 125, and wireless communication unit 125 utilizes antenna 121 and match circuit 122 thereof receive the electromagnetic wave signal from Part I 110 and are transmitted to decoding unit 127., decoding unit 127 carries out encoding and decoding to received electromagnetic wave signal, and judges that it measures to initiate instruction 150 or ground order data 151.
When decoding unit 127 judges that the electromagnetic wave signal received initiates instruction 150 as measuring, it sends activation instruction to collection amplifying circuit 126, notifies that it enters measuring state.Gather amplifying circuit 126 and enter measuring state after receiving activation instruction.In this state, multiplexer 123 is communicated with antenna 121 and match circuit 122 thereof and gathers amplifying circuit 126, thus collection amplifying circuit 126 utilizes antenna 121 and match circuit 122 thereof to receive electromagnetic wave measurement reflected signal 140.
The antenna 121 of Part II 120 comprises a pair reception antenna, to receive the electromagnetic wave measurement reflected signal 140 on different path symmetrically.The electromagnetic wave measurement signal 130 that Part I 110 is launched is decayed through stratum 160, and generate the electromagnetic wave measurement reflected signal 140 being accompanied with formation resistivity information, formation resistivity message reflection is inside the phase place and amplitude of electromagnetic wave measurement reflected signal 140.When receiving electromagnetic wave measurement reflected signal 140, two reception antennas of antenna 121 receive respectively, form two paths of signals.Gather amplifying circuit 126 and amplify process to carrying out collection from the electromagnetic wave measurement reflected signal 140 on each path of antenna 121, and the signal after process is transmitted to computing unit 128.
Computing unit 128 receive gather the reflected signal that forwards of amplifying circuit 126 after calculate formation resistivity between transmitter module to receiver module.The phase place of these two signals is subtracted each other and obtains phase difference.The amplitude of these two signals is divided by and obtains Amplitude Ratio.The relation of the phase difference of these two signals and Amplitude Ratio and formation resistivity, with an accurate theoretical model, can obtain formation resistivity values by mathematic(al) manipulation inversion method.
This conversion is based under uniform dielectric condition, the functional relation of phase difference and Amplitude Ratio and resistivity is calculated with an accurate theoretical model, on this basis the phase difference of instrument in non-uniform dielectric and Amplitude Ratio are changed, finally obtain two independently resistivity, be called stratum Amplitude Ratio resistivity and phase difference resistivity.The resistivity data finally calculated is passed back codec unit 127.
The Part II of device also comprises nearly drill bit data collection module 129, and it is connected with codec unit 127.Nearly drill bit data collection module 129 is also connected with other the nearly bit measuring instruments 160 outside device, and it is collected the survey data 162 of other nearly bit measuring instruments 160 and survey data 162 is sent to codec unit 127.Data 152 after encoding and decoding by the survey data 162 from nearly drill bit data collection module 129 or the resistivity data encoding and decoding from computing unit 128, and are sent to the Part I 110 of device by codec unit 127 by wireless communication unit 125.
When the electromagnetic wave signal that codec unit 127 judges to receive is ground order data 151, ground order data 161 after encoding and decoding is conveyed to other nearly bit measuring instruments by nearly drill bit data collection module 129 by it, and send standby command to collection amplifying circuit 126, notify that it enters holding state.Gather amplifying circuit 126 and enter holding state after receiving standby command.In this state, gather amplifying circuit 126 and close.The on off state of computing unit 128 is consistent with collection amplifying circuit 126 simultaneously, and it also keeps closing in holding state.
Thus, measure in cycle period at one, Part II 120 is in holding state when not receiving and measuring and initiate instruction, in the standby state, computing unit 128 and collection amplifying circuit 126 keep closed condition, thus reduce power consumption, make device have longer application life.
Because two parts of the LWD resistivity log device of the embodiment of the present invention are relatively independent, in order to ensure that the clock of Part I 110 and Part II 120 inside is consistent, in the present embodiment, the clock source measured receiver module 124 and measure transmitter module 114 inside adopts temperature-compensating crystal oscillating circuit, the uniformity of clock during to ensure variations in temperature.
Antenna in the present embodiment in antenna 111 and match circuit 112 and antenna 121 and match circuit 122 adopts single-emission and double-receiving to arrange in pairs.In an alternative embodiment of the invention, antenna in first antenna and match circuit and the second antenna and match circuit adopts four two harvests to setting, and carries out the resistivity information that encourages to obtain four investigation depths diametrically in the mode of bifrequency, double source distance.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the Part I of LWD resistivity log device is arranged on the upper end of power drilling tool, and the Part II of LWD resistivity log device is arranged on the lower end of power drilling tool away from the Part I of device.As shown in Figure 2, the Part I of device forms the first pipe nipple 210 of power drilling tool, and the Part II of device forms the second pipe nipple 220 of power drilling tool.First pipe nipple 210 comprises at least one antenna 211, to be sent in tested stratum by the electromagnetic wave measurement signal of CF; Second pipe nipple 220 comprises at least one pair of antenna 221, to receive at least two-way reflection of electromagnetic wave signal.
As shown in Figure 2, the second pipe nipple 220 and the first pipe nipple 210 are the cylindrical structural containing inner fluid passage, and metallic framework 204 and 205 has annular groove.Two coil antennas 221 are embedded with in the groove of the second pipe nipple 220; A coil antenna 211 is embedded with in the groove of the first pipe nipple 210.Respectively there are male joint 200 and 201 and female joint 202 and 203 in first pipe nipple 210 and the second pipe nipple 220 two ends.
LWD resistivity log device concrete connection features be: two ends resistivity test device being arranged on respectively mud motor.As shown in Figure 3, the second pipe nipple 220 is positioned at below power drilling tool, and female joint 202 one end connects drill bit, and male joint 200 one end connects power drilling tool 300; First pipe nipple 210 is positioned at above power drilling tool, and female joint 203 one end connects power drilling tool, and male joint 201 connects the conventional drilling assembly such as the drill collar of top.
As can be seen from Figure 3, be placed in ground Drilling derrick 301 and drive drilling rod 303 High Rotation Speed with rig 302, drilling rod 303, power drilling tool 300, drill bit 304 and other instruments be arranged in DHA creep into underground fast, with the well 306 of Drilling in stratum.Like this, the geological structure layer that underground is different can be cut, to verify subsurface geology situation.Specifically, power drilling tool 300 drives drill bit 304 to rotate.Drilling rod 303 comprises longitudinal flow passage 305, and the outlet of fluid passage 305, through the hydrophthalmia 308 of drill bit 304, forms an annular space 307 between drilling rod 303 and the borehole wall.
In the present embodiment, first ground control unit or personnel are configured based on the parameter of physical characteristic to LWD resistivity log device of power drilling tool 300.Wherein, the physical characteristic of power drilling tool 300 comprises length and material, and the parameter of LWD resistivity log device comprises measuring frequency, Measuring Time, code and decode definition etc.After these parameter configuration are completed, the power drilling tool 300 being equipped with the first pipe nipple 210 and the second pipe nipple 220 is put into down-hole, prepare to start resistivity measurement and data transmission work.
Wherein, first pipe nipple 210 and the second pipe nipple 220 utilize electromagnetic wave to complete data interaction each other, thus the survey data of other nearly bit measuring instruments is sent to brill remote transmission device, or the ground order data sent with brill remote transmission device is conveyed to other nearly bit measuring instruments.Meanwhile the first pipe nipple 210 is also according to received specific instruction or setting themselves parameter at once or periodically emission measurement order and electromagnetic wave measurement signal.Second pipe nipple 220 accepts this measuring command, and after getting this measuring command, receives the reflection of electromagnetic wave signal comprising tested formation information of corresponding above-mentioned electromagnetic wave measurement signal.Second pipe nipple 220 carries out amplification to received reflection of electromagnetic wave signal and gathers and process, and the phase difference of reflection of electromagnetic wave signal after computing and amplitude ratio, amplify the signal to noise ratio that collection signal effectively can improve signal, realize amplifying collection signal function by multistage pre-amplification circuit.
The reception antenna 221 of electromagnetic resistivity is installed in nearly bit location, and the position of its distance drill bit farthest can not more than 1m.It can thus be appreciated that, the survey mark of this structure apart from drill bit distance and routine with boring compared with electromagnetic resistivity apparatus, there is obvious advantage.Simultaneously, because the distance of transmitting antenna 211 to reception antenna 221 is determined by the length of power drilling tool 300, much larger than the transmitting antenna of the nearly bit resistivity measurement mechanism of routine to the distance of reception antenna, its investigation depth is also much larger than conventional LWD resistivity log device, and measurement result is less by mud influence.
Ensureing on nearly bit measuring instrument and the basis with the data interaction of boring between remote transmission device, this mode first pipe nipple 210 and the second pipe nipple 220 being arranged on respectively the two ends of power drilling tool 300 had both effectively increased with the distance between power drilling tool electromagnetic wave resistivity survey apparatus reception antenna and transmitting antenna, also met the requirement that reception antenna can not be too far away to the distance of drill bit.Thus while the resistance parameter measured by ensureing has regulated accurate directive function for wellbore trace, add the investigation depth of resistivity.
Simultaneously, consider special resistivity measurement requirement, according to another embodiment of the present invention, the first pipe nipple 210 and the second pipe nipple 220 also can be installed by switch, namely the first pipe nipple 210 is arranged on the nearly drill bit of power drilling tool, and the second pipe nipple 220 is arranged on power drilling tool drill bit far away.Some modules of this timer inside also must be adjusted accordingly, and wherein, data relay module 119 is structured in the second pipe nipple 220, and nearly drill bit data collection module is structured in the first pipe nipple 210.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of LWD resistivity log method according to an embodiment of the invention.Can perform in the computer system of such as one group of computer executable instructions in the step shown in the flow chart of accompanying drawing, and, although show logical order in flow charts, in some cases, can be different from the step shown or described by order execution herein.
Apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention carries out resistivity measurement, first step S410 is carried out, based on the measurement parameter in the pre-configured LWD resistivity log device of parameter of power drilling tool and data transmission parameters, wherein measurement parameter comprises measuring frequency or measures cycle period, and data transmission parameters comprises data-signal encoding and decoding definition.
This step is specially the parameter of configuration first pipe nipple 210 and the second pipe nipple 220 inside in the present embodiment.Its physical characteristic based on mud motor 300 is configured the parameter with power drilling tool electromagnetic wave resistivity survey apparatus.Wherein, the physical characteristic of power drilling tool 300 comprises length and material, and the parameter with power drilling tool electromagnetic wave resistivity survey apparatus comprises measuring frequency and Measuring Time.
Aforesaid operations completes aboveground.After these parameter configuration are completed, first pipe nipple 210 is arranged on power drilling tool 300 upper end, second pipe nipple 220 is arranged on power drilling tool 300 lower end away from the first pipe nipple 210, and drill bit is arranged on the second pipe nipple 220 lower end thus close reception antenna 221.The power drilling tool 300 being equipped with the first pipe nipple 210 and the second pipe nipple 220 is put into down-hole, and prepare to start surveying work, every step afterwards all completes in down-hole.
Then carry out step S411, ground order data receiving step, the first pipe nipple 210 receives ground order data and carries out encoding and decoding to it in this step.Then device enters step S412, judge whether to carry out resistivity measurement, first pipe nipple 210 judges that whether comprising resistivity measurement in the ground order data received initiates instruction in this step, and whether the first pipe nipple 210 also wants judgment means to be in the resistivity measurement cycle simultaneously.
If the first pipe nipple 210 judges to comprise in the ground order data received resistivity measurement initiate instruction or device when being in the resistivity measurement cycle, the overall judged result of step S412 is yes, this timer enters resistivity measurement state, enters step S420, signal forwarding step.In this step, the first pipe nipple 210 first sends to measure initiates instruction to the second pipe nipple 220, then sends the electromagnetic wave measurement signal of predetermined band in stratum with different capacity.
Due to the first pipe nipple 210 and the second pipe nipple 220 separate, in order to be confirmed whether to enter resistivity measurement state, the second pipe nipple 220 needs to carry out step S440, thus judges whether self enters resistivity measurement state.In step S440, the second pipe nipple 220 judges whether to receive to measure initiates instruction.Through judging, initiating instruction if receive to measure, then illustrating and have electromagnetic wave measurement signal to send in the step s 420.Now the second pipe nipple 220 enters resistivity measurement state, enters step S460.In step S470, the second pipe nipple 220 receives reflection of electromagnetic wave signal, and it receives the reflection of electromagnetic wave signal carried on the predetermined band reflecting formation resistivity information through stratum reflection on different path.Then carry out step S480, process reflection of electromagnetic wave signal, the second pipe nipple 220 carries out amplification acquisition and processing to the reflected signal in different path, and calculates corresponding phase difference and Amplitude Ratio, finally obtains the resistivity result of calculation on stratum.
If in step S440, the second pipe nipple 220 judges not receive to measure initiates instruction, then illustrate and do not have electromagnetic wave measurement signal to send in the step s 420.Now enter step S450, the second pipe nipple 220 enters holding state.It should be noted that at this, the holding state described in step S450, be not that the second pipe nipple 220 is overall standby, but the inner a part of unit of pipe nipple 220 is standby.Under this holding state, the collection amplifying circuit of the second pipe nipple 220 inside and computing unit keep closed condition, and thus its power consumption is very low.Be substantially prolongs the application life of the second pipe nipple 220 by this working method, thus save the overall maintenance cost of LWD resistivity log device.
In step S412, if the first pipe nipple 210 judges that not comprising resistivity measurement in the ground order data received initiates instruction, when not being in the resistivity measurement cycle with timer yet, the overall judged result of step S412 is no, device enters step S413, ground order data forwarding step, the ground order data after encoding and decoding is sent to the second pipe nipple 220 by electromagnetic wave by the first pipe nipple.Then the second pipe nipple 220 carries out step S440, judges whether self enters resistivity measurement state.
In step S440, when the second pipe nipple 220 judges that not receiving measurement initiates instruction, the second pipe nipple 220 enters step S450, enters holding state.Following second pipe nipple 220 carries out step S414, and ground order data passes on step, and the second pipe nipple 220 receives ground order data that the first pipe nipple 210 sends over and conveyed to other nearly bit measuring instruments.
When ground order data conveys to other nearly bit measuring instruments, the second pipe nipple 220 also carries out step S415, and survey data collects step, and the second pipe nipple 220 collects the survey data from other nearly bit measuring instruments.Second pipe nipple 220 is collected after the survey data of other nearly bit measuring instruments, performs step S416, survey data forwarding step.Survey data after encoding and decoding, by the survey data encoding and decoding from other nearly bit measuring instruments, is then sent to the first pipe nipple 210 by electromagnetic wave by the second pipe nipple 220.
Same after above-mentioned steps S470 completes, the second pipe nipple 220 starts to perform step S416 equally, and now the formation resistivity data calculated is sent to the first pipe nipple 210 by electromagnetic wave by the second pipe nipple 220.Here it is to be noted, in the present embodiment, the operational process of acquiescence is: no matter whether device receives ground order data or collect the survey data of other nearly bit measuring instruments, as long as device receives resistivity measurement and initiates instruction or be in the resistivity measurement cycle, then perform the step relevant with resistivity measurement immediately and final calculation result be transferred to brill remote transmission device.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the priority of various different types of data can be defined in step S410.Thus add priority determining step in step 412, the ground order data be currently received by judgment means or the data type of the survey data of other nearly drill bit survey tools collected, determine to enter resistivity measurement pattern immediately or first complete related data transmission step to enter resistivity measurement pattern again.
After above-mentioned steps S416 completes, the first pipe nipple 210 carries out step S417, and survey data receives and forwards step.It receives from the survey data after the encoding and decoding of the second pipe nipple 220, then will be transmitted to after this survey data again encoding and decoding with brill remote transmission device, thus completes a data transfer cycle.
Although embodiment disclosed in this invention is as above, the embodiment that described content just adopts for the ease of understanding the present invention, and be not used to limit the present invention.Technician in any the technical field of the invention; under the prerequisite not departing from spirit and scope disclosed in this invention; any amendment and change can be done what implement in form and in details; but scope of patent protection of the present invention, the scope that still must define with appending claims is as the criterion.
Claims (10)
1. be integrated with a LWD resistivity log device for data-transformation facility, it is characterized in that, described device comprises:
First antenna and match circuit;
Measure transmitter module, be connected with described first antenna and match circuit, to initiate the electromagnetic wave of instruction and predetermined band according to the measurement cycle period emission measurement preset;
Second antenna and match circuit;
Measure receiver module, be connected with described second antenna and match circuit, to receive the reflection of electromagnetic wave signal carried on the predetermined band reflecting formation resistivity information through stratum reflection on different path according to described measuring command, and the reflected signal in described different path is processed thus determines the formation resistivity between described transmitter module to receiver module;
Nearly drill bit data collection module, with in described measurement transmitter module or described measurement receiver module one be connected, and connect with other nearly bit measuring instruments, to collect the survey data of other nearly bit measuring instruments;
Data relay module, with in described measurement transmitter module or described measurement receiver module, another is connected, and connect with boring remote transmission device, so that the survey data of other nearly bit measuring instruments described and the resistivity that records are sent to boring remote transmission device.
2. LWD resistivity log device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described measurement transmitter module is arranged on the Part I of power drilling tool be connected data relay module, and described Part I forms the first pipe nipple of described power drilling tool, and it is located at the top of described power drilling tool;
Described measurement receiver module is arranged on the Part II of power drilling tool be connected nearly drill bit data collection module away from described measurement transmitter module, described Part II forms the second pipe nipple of described power drilling tool, it is located at the below of described power drilling tool, and the position of described second pipe nipple is near drill bit.
3. LWD resistivity log device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the antenna in described second antenna and match circuit is arranged, in pairs to receive the reflection of electromagnetic wave signal on different path symmetrically.
4. LWD resistivity log device as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the clock source of described measurement receiver module and described measurement transmitter module adopts temperature-compensating crystal oscillating circuit.
5. the LWD resistivity log device according to any one of claim 1-4, wherein, described measurement receiver module also comprises:
First codec unit, carries out encoding and decoding to received data, and identifies that wherein whether comprising measurement initiates instruction;
Gather amplifying unit, it carries out collection when identifying and having and measure and initiate instruction to the reflection of electromagnetic wave signal on each path from the second antenna and match circuit and amplifies process;
Computing unit, it calculates phase difference between the reflected signal after the amplification on different path and Amplitude Ratio, thus determines the formation resistivity between described transmitter module to described receiver module.
6. LWD resistivity log device as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described measurement transmitter module comprises:
Second digital wireless communication unit, to send data signal to measurement receiver module or to receive the data signal of measurement receiver module, the initiation of described data signal is relevant with the measurement cycle period preset or measuring frequency;
Second codec unit, carries out encoding and decoding to received digital signal, and judges whether to enter resistivity measurement state;
Electromagnetic wave measurement transmitter unit, the measuring frequency emitting electromagnetic wave measuring-signal preset with basis, wherein the power of this measuring-signal is greater than the power of described data signal.
7. LWD resistivity log device as claimed in claim 6, wherein, described first antenna and match circuit are connected with the first multiplexer, the time-sharing multiplex in transmitter module is being measured described first antenna to be coupled thus to realize described antenna with described first digital wireless communication unit or described electromagnetic wave measurement transmitter unit in the different moment, described second antenna and match circuit are connected with the second multiplexer, described second multiplexer is measuring the time-sharing multiplex in receiver module in order to described second antenna is coupled to realize described antenna with described second digital wireless communication unit or described collection amplifying unit in the different moment.
8. the How It Works being integrated with the LWD resistivity log device of data-transformation facility according to any one of claim 1-7, comprises the following steps:
Measurement parameter in pre-configured described LWD resistivity log device, wherein said measurement parameter comprises measuring frequency or measures cycle period;
Measurement transmitter module in described device judges whether to enter resistivity measurement state, when judged result is that when being, described measurement transmitter module first sends measurement initiation instruction electromagnetic wave to the measurement transmitter module in described device, then send the resistivity measurement signal electromagnetic wave of predetermined band to the measurement transmitter module in described device with different capacity, the power wherein sending resistivity measurement signal electromagnetic wave is greater than the described measurement of transmission and initiates the electromagnetic power of instruction;
When receiving described measurement and initiating instruction, the measurement receiver module of described device enters measuring state, different path receives the reflection of electromagnetic wave signal carried on the predetermined band reflecting formation resistivity information through stratum reflection, and the reflected signal in described different path is processed thus determines the formation resistivity between described transmitter module to described receiver module;
Described measurement transmitter module judges whether to enter resistivity measurement state, and when judged result is no, described measurement transmitter module enters holding state;
When described measurement receiver module does not receive described measurement initiation instruction, described measurement receiver module enters holding state.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises data transmission step, and described data transmission step comprises:
Data relay module in described device receives from the ground order data with brill remote transmission device;
The ground order data that described data relay module receives is sent to the measurement receiver module in described device by the measurement transmitter module in described device;
Nearly drill bit data collection module in described device receives the ground order data from described data relay module by described measurement receiver module;
Ground order data after process is conveyed to other nearly bit measuring instruments by described nearly drill bit data collection module;
Described nearly drill bit data collection module collects the formation resistivity result of calculation in the survey data of other nearly bit measuring instruments described or described device;
The survey data that described nearly drill bit data collection module is collected by described measurement receiver module or formation resistivity result of calculation send to described measurement transmitter module;
Described data relay module receives the ground order data from described nearly drill bit data collection module by described measurement transmitter module;
The survey data received or formation resistivity result of calculation are transferred to described with brill remote transmission device by described data relay module.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, perform described data transmission step when described measurement transmitter module or described measurement receiver module enter holding state.
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| CN201410191469.8A CN105089646B (en) | 2014-05-07 | 2014-05-07 | A kind of LWD resistivity log device and method being integrated with data-transformation facility |
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| CN110344821A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2019-10-18 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of downhole drill communication means and system |
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| CN108979625A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-11 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of radial well trajectory measurement apparatus and system |
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| CN111396035A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-07-10 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for identifying interface and resistivity of coal bed and surrounding rock based on electromagnetic measurement while drilling signal |
| CN113847011A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2021-12-28 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Measuring nipple and measuring method for well kick and well leakage |
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