CN105089528B - A kind of well head pressure control method and device for controlled pressure drilling - Google Patents

A kind of well head pressure control method and device for controlled pressure drilling Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105089528B
CN105089528B CN201510219091.2A CN201510219091A CN105089528B CN 105089528 B CN105089528 B CN 105089528B CN 201510219091 A CN201510219091 A CN 201510219091A CN 105089528 B CN105089528 B CN 105089528B
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control
hydraulic
pressure
flap type
throttling valve
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CN105089528A (en
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周泊奇
刘伟
王瑛
王凯
翟小强
朱卫新
姜英健
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Co Ltd
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Drilling Research Institute Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of well head pressure control methods and device for controlled pressure drilling, belong to oil, gas drilling pressure control equipment technology field.Rotating blowout preventer connects pressure gauge, hydraulic control flap type, hydraulic control flap type connects hydraulic-control throttling valve, hydraulic control flap type connects hydraulic-pneumatic control platform by hydraulic control flap type oil inlet pipe, hydraulic control flap type flowline, hydraulic-control throttling valve connects hydraulic-pneumatic control platform by hydraulic-control throttling valve feed line, hydraulic-control throttling valve flow line, rotating blowout preventer connects hydraulic-pneumatic control platform by rotating blowout preventer feed line, rotating blowout preventer flow line, and hydraulic-pneumatic control platform connects oil sources pipeline, flow line, source gas line and remote control cable.The present invention controls swivel control head and hydraulic-control throttling valve, achievees the purpose that control wellhead back pressure.

Description

A kind of well head pressure control method and device for controlled pressure drilling
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of well head pressure control methods and device for controlled pressure drilling, belong to oil, natural pneumatic drill Well pressure controls equipment technology field.
Background technology
During oil/gas drilling, spray, leak, collapsing, blocking etc. undergrounds complexity in most cases all with drilling fluid density and ring control Pressure traverse is related, meanwhile, with the discovery that is constantly progressive of drilling technology and exploration and development technology, during exploration and development urgently The many problem majorities solved all have direct relationship with the control of ring governor pressure, as the narrow Density Window during deep drilling is asked Topic, the reservoir protection problem of sensitive reservoir, the development problem of spray leakage same layer reservoir, the creep problem on rock salt stratum, exploitation are old Adjustment well development problem under area's complex pressure system etc..Under traditional drilling mode, when solving above-mentioned complex situations, lead to Frequently with the mode of adjustment drilling fluid density, but which exists compared with big limitation, it is difficult to the above-mentioned problem of effective solution:It is first First, the adjustment cycle time of drilling fluid density is longer, it is difficult to cope with changeable down hole problem;Secondly, drilling fluid density Adjustment is affected to property of drilling fluid, new down hole problem may be caused to occur during adjustment;Again, due to drilling well The adjustment of liquid-tight degree makes bottom pressure variation have certain step evolution, and the control of ring governor pressure section is made to be difficult to cope with complicated pressure Therefore the down hole problem occurred under power system condition quickly, accurately controls ring governor pressure section just as in drilling process Important technology problem urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Controlled pressure drilling device is exactly to come into being under these conditions.Domestic and international bulk petroleum drilling well worker passes through more The effort in year has developed all kinds of controlled pressure drilling devices, including fine controlled pressure drilling equipment, micrometeor controlled pressure drilling equipment Deng the above-mentioned problem of, apparatus above effective solution.But with the popularization and application of controlled pressure drilling technology, due to by objective condition Constraint, above-mentioned apparatus shows larger limitation in applying at the scene, apparatus structure first is excessively complicated, it is generally the case that Above-mentioned apparatus includes multiple systems such as back pressure compensation system, gas hydraulic control system, automatic control system, cause staff study at It is this increase, difficult in maintenance;Secondly as system complex also results in, equipment volume is larger, is brought to the transport and placement of equipment Difficulty makes controlled pressure drilling technology be restricted in marine drilling and the application of some specific work environments, and again, equipment is made High price is expensive to cause maintenance cost and application cost increase and controlled pressure drilling technology to cannot get widely applied another main cause, institute With, it is necessary to invent a set of simple in structure, small volume, control that is cheap but still disclosure satisfy that controlled pressure drilling technological requirement Press equipment.The invention of this patent just provides effective solution scheme in order to solve the above problem, makes controlled pressure drilling device as far as possible Reached simplification, reduce cost, also allow for safeguarding, simultaneously, moreover it is possible to meet requirement of the controlled pressure drilling technique to equipment, because This, the invention of the present apparatus is that controlled pressure drilling technology is widely popularized and using yet another method is provided that.
Invention content
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of well heads for controlled pressure drilling Compress control method and device.
A kind of well head pressure control method for controlled pressure drilling contains following steps;
By automatic control system or hand held console control the switch of swivel control head, the switch of hydraulic control flap type and The aperture of throttle valve controls wellhead back pressure, to control ring governor pressure section;It automatically controls completely only with manual control system It is vertical, manual/auto conversion is realized by Oil-source control;Under normal circumstances, rotation control is carried out by automatic control system The switch control and the throttling of throttle valve of head control, and are grasped to various drilling conditions according to the self-choke control flow of formulation Make, when automatically controlling failure, be switched to manual control system, controlled by hand held console, press startup or close by Button controls the switch of swivel control head, by regulation handle, adjusts throttle valve opening to adjust wellhead back pressure to control shaft bottom pressure Power,
Swivel control head, hydraulic control flap type and hydraulic-control throttling valve are used in combination;Swivel control head, hydraulic control flap type and hydraulic control Throttle valve uses unified air-liquid control system;Can remotely realize manually, be automatically brought into operation, it can be achieved that mutually conversion.
The present apparatus can realize automatically controlling for well control pressure, it can be achieved that normally creeping into, connecing under the conditions of controlled pressure drilling mode It is single, the drilling conditions technical process control such as make a trip.
The present invention can be used for land or ocean managed pressure drilling, realize simple, safe and reliable bottom pressure control System.
A kind of pressure control device for controlled pressure drilling, rotating blowout preventer connect pressure gauge, hydraulic control flap type, liquid It controls flap type and connects hydraulic-control throttling valve, hydraulic control flap type connects liquid by hydraulic control flap type oil inlet pipe, hydraulic control flap type flowline Gas console, hydraulic-control throttling valve connect hydraulic-pneumatic control platform, rotation by hydraulic-control throttling valve feed line, hydraulic-control throttling valve flow line Turn preventer and hydraulic-pneumatic control platform is connected by rotating blowout preventer feed line, rotating blowout preventer flow line, hydraulic-pneumatic control platform connects Connect oil sources pipeline, flow line, source gas line and remote control cable;Hydraulic-pneumatic control platform connects bleed pressure table, oil supply pressure Table, wellhead back pressure table, the first explosion-proof liquid crystal display panel, the second explosion-proof liquid crystal display panel, gas source switch, oil sources switch, rotation Turn that preventer is released the button, rotating blowout preventer close button, Gas-liquid pump are released the button, Gas-liquid pump close button, hydraulic control flap type It releases the button, hydraulic control flap type close button, regulation handle, manual/auto change-over switch and manual protection button.
A kind of pressure control device for controlled pressure drilling is present embodiments provided, oil well pressure control mechanism includes Executing agency and control mechanism, wherein executing agency includes the rotating blowout preventer being sequentially communicated, hydraulic control flap type and hydraulic-control throttling Valve;Rotating blowout preventer includes the rotating blowout preventer feed line being connect respectively with control mechanism and rotating blowout preventer flow line, Control mechanism controls the opening and closing of rotating blowout preventer;Hydraulic control flap type include the hydraulic control flap type oil inlet pipe being connect with control mechanism and Hydraulic control flap type flowline, control mechanism control the aperture of hydraulic control flap type;Hydraulic-control throttling valve includes being connect with control mechanism Hydraulic-control throttling valve oil inlet pipe and hydraulic-control throttling valve flowline, control mechanism control the aperture of hydraulic-control throttling valve.
Further, executing agency further includes pressure gauge, and pressure gauge is arranged between rotating blowout preventer and hydraulic control flap type Connecting line on.
Further, control mechanism has the oil inlet of connection oil sources pipeline and connects the oil outlet of flow line.
Further, control mechanism, which has to automatically control, portion and manually controls portion, automatically control portion and manually control portion it Between can mutual conversion and control function, control mechanism includes the oil supply pressure table for detecting oil sources and the well for detecting drilling well The wellhead back pressure table of mouth pressure.
Further, control mechanism also has the gas source interface for connecting source gas line.
Further, the bleed pressure table for detecting the bleed pressure in source gas line is provided on control mechanism.
Further, control mechanism converts automatic control unit by manual/auto change-over switch and manually controls portion.
Further, control mechanism also has the first explosion-proof liquid crystal display panel and the second explosion-proof liquid crystal display panel.
Methods and apparatus of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, control system of the invention has is completely independent control system with manual two sets automatically, can be to swivel control head It is controlled with hydraulic-control throttling valve, achievees the purpose that control wellhead back pressure.Under conditions of equipment components work normally, system It will be in automatic control state, swivel control head is closed, and hydraulic control flap type is in the open state, and hydraulic-control throttling valve will It is carried out automatically controlling according to different operating modes according to the self-choke control flow of design, once automatic control system fails, at once It is switched to and manually controls, the on off state of the swivel control head working condition, hydraulic control flap type that are shown according to hand held console is stood Pipe pressure, wellhead back pressure and throttle valve opening etc., the aperture for adjusting throttle valve carry out pressure control, ensure that controlled pressure drilling operation Continuity, reduce underground complex accident occur possibility;
2, the present invention is used in combination using swivel control head, hydraulic control flap type and hydraulic-control throttling valve, reduces controlled pressure drilling The complexity of equipment reduces the difficulty of wellfield layout, reduces high pressure pipe joint length, increases the safety of equipment operation;
3, the present invention gets up swivel control head, hydraulic control flap type and the gas-liquid control systematic unity of hydraulic-control throttling valve, simplifies The control system of controlled pressure drilling equipment, it is easy to operate convenient for safeguarding;
4, wellbore construction technological process is clearly three typical conditions by method of the invention, gives the control of three kinds of operating modes Method processed and resolving ideas ensure that being smoothed out for wellbore construction;
5, the present apparatus has Gas-liquid pump, when oil sources supply when something goes wrong, can be used Gas-liquid pump type of drive provide oil sources Hydraulic pressure ensure that normal work of the equipment when oil sources supplies insufficient;
6 present apparatus are equipped with manual protecting, when using manually controlling, can prevent from manually controlling mistake caused by maloperation Spirit happens.
Description of the drawings
When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by referring to following detailed description, can more completely more fully understand the present invention with And be easy to learn the advantage that many of which is adjoint, but attached drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, The part of the present invention is constituted, the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, does not constitute to this hair Bright improper restriction, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the field application structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is WorkFlow Managerment schematic diagram.
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Specific implementation mode
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase Mutually combination.The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Obviously, those skilled in the art belong to the guarantor of the present invention based on many modifications and variations that spirit of the invention is done Protect range.
Embodiment 1:As shown in Figure 1, a kind of pressure control device for controlled pressure drilling, rotating blowout preventer 1 connects Pressure gauge 2, hydraulic control flap type 3, hydraulic control flap type 3 connect hydraulic-control throttling valve 4, and hydraulic control flap type 3 passes through hydraulic control flap type oil inlet Pipe 24, hydraulic control flap type flowline 25 connect hydraulic-pneumatic control platform 5, and hydraulic-control throttling valve 4 passes through hydraulic-control throttling valve feed line 26, liquid It controls throttle valve flow line 27 and connects hydraulic-pneumatic control platform 5, rotating blowout preventer 1 is anti-by rotating blowout preventer feed line 22, rotation Spray apparatus flow line 23 connects hydraulic-pneumatic control platform 5, and hydraulic-pneumatic control platform 5 connects oil sources pipeline 28, flow line 29, source gas line 30 With remote control cable 31;
Hydraulic-pneumatic control platform 5 connects bleed pressure table 6, oil supply pressure table 7, wellhead back pressure table 8, the first explosion-proof LCD display Plate 9, the second explosion-proof liquid crystal display panel 10, gas source switch 11, oil sources switch 12, rotating blowout preventer release the button 13, rotation is anti- 15, Gas-liquid pump close button 16, hydraulic control the flap type 17, hydraulic control of releasing the button of releasing the button of spray apparatus close button 14, Gas-liquid pump is flat Plate valve close button 18, regulation handle 19, manual/auto change-over switch 20 and manual protection button 21, hydraulic-pneumatic control platform 5 connect The instrument, switch, button and handle respectively connected with corresponding pipeline or component.
Embodiment 2:As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows,
A kind of novel wellhead compress control method for controlled pressure drilling passes through automatic control system or hand held console Control swivel control head, the switch of hydraulic control flap type and the aperture of throttle valve reach control ring pressure control to control well head pressure The purpose of power.It automatically controls and is completely independent with manual control system, manual/auto conversion is realized by air source control;Just In the case of often, the throttling that swivel control head switch and throttle valve are carried out by automatic control system controls, according to the automatic of formulation Throttling control flow realizes that throttle valve opens manual/auto switching in the operation of various drilling conditions when automatically controlling failure Switch, is switched to manual control system, and the switch of swivel control head and the aperture of throttle valve are controlled by hand held console, is adjusted The working condition of swivel control head and the back pressure of well head, to achieve the purpose that control bottom pressure;Swivel control head, hydraulic control tablet Valve and hydraulic-control throttling valve are used in combination;One pressure sensor is installed between swivel control head and hydraulic-control throttling valve, pressure passes Sensor for measuring well head pressure value in real time;Swivel control head and hydraulic-control throttling valve use unified air-liquid control system;Hydraulic control system The power source of system is oil sources or air source, and oil sources is mainly used for the control of swivel control head and hydraulic-control throttling valve;Air source is mainly used for When oil sources fails, Gas-liquid pump is driven to drive hydraulic oil by air source, it is swivel control head and hydraulic-control throttling valve to substitute oil sources Control provide oil pressure;Manual control system can realize mutual conversion, manual control system and automatic control with automatic control system System processed is mutual indepedent.A manual/auto conversion master switch is arranged in hydraulic control platform, and is provided with mechanical caging function, in order to avoid accidentally Operation;
The present apparatus can realize automatically controlling for well control pressure, it can be achieved that normally creeping into, connecing under the conditions of controlled pressure drilling mode It is single, the drilling conditions technical process control such as make a trip.
Embodiment 3:
It is a kind of novel wellhead pressure control for controlled pressure drilling as shown in Figure 1, for the overall system structure of the present invention The core of method and apparatus, is made of executing agency and control mechanism two parts, and executing agency includes:Rotating blowout preventer, Hydraulic control flap type, hydraulic-control throttling valve, casing pressure table composition;Control mechanism is hydraulic-pneumatic control platform.
It is first turned on oil sources switch 12, whether 7 pressure show value of observation oil supply pressure table reaches 10.5MPa nominal operation pressures Power checks that hydraulic fluid pipeline can have leakage, queueing problem that hydraulic fluid pressure is made to reach nominal operation pressure if being less than 10.5MPa Power.Hydraulic control flap type 3 is opened, swivel control head 1 is closed, acquires the numerical value of pressure gauge 2,4 aperture of hydraulic-control throttling valve is adjusted, makes Ring governor pressure after throttling reaches the pressure value after setting.
When oil sources supplies when something goes wrong, gas source switch valve 11 is opened, and bleed pressure table 6 shows that bleed pressure is 0.7- 0.9MPa, Gas-liquid pump are released the button 15 openings, after oil supply pressure table 7 reaches 10.5MPa, device normal work, oil supply pressure by Console internal pressure air feeding apparatus controls, and is automatically replenished.
When system automatically controls failure, manual/auto switch 20 is adjusted to manual mode, and press manual protection button 21, observation wellhead back pressure table 8 adjusts regulation handle 19, adjusts 4 aperture of hydraulic-control throttling valve, controls wellhead back pressure;During control Wellhead back pressure table 8 and explosion-proof liquid crystal display panel 9,10 are observed, wellhead back pressure table 8 shows wellhead back pressure value, explosion-proof liquid crystal display panel 9 Show that the parameters such as standpipe pressure, rate of discharge, underground PWD numerical value, explosion-proof liquid crystal display panel 10 show the aperture of hydraulic-control throttling valve 4.
As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention is connected to drilling team's wellhead assembly topmost, rotating blowout preventer 1 is connected with universal blowout preventer, 4 outlet end of hydraulic-control throttling valve is connected with drilling team slurry tank 32.
As shown in figure 3, the automatic control flow chart of the present invention includes three typical works such as normally creeping into, making up a joint, making a trip Condition automatically controls, i.e.,:Normal drilling control flow 2-1, make up a joint the process control flow 2-2 and control flow 2-3 that makes a trip.
Swivel control head 1 is set to off closed state by normal drilling control flow 2-1 first in normally drilling flow, Hydraulic control flap type 3 is opened, adjusts the aperture of hydraulic-control throttling valve 4, and acquire 2 parameter of pressure sensor and underground PWD parameters in real time, Closed-loop control available wellhead back pressure value reaches the scheduled well head pressure value of auto-control software.
Make up a joint process control flow 2-2, in the technological process, is first turned on drilling team's kill manifold, opens connection kill-job The slush pump 33 of manifold acquires 2 parameter of pressure sensor, adjusts 4 aperture of hydraulic-control throttling valve, makes well head pressure with normally creeping into Well head pressure when journey is identical, is then shut off the slush pump 34 used when normal drilling and carries out the operation that makes up a joint, adjusts hydraulic control section 4 aperture of valve is flowed, wellhead back pressure is adjusted, the sum of throttling back pressure when making it equal to work normally and cycle frictional resistance, to keep well Bottom pressure is stablized.
Make a trip process control flow 2-3, opens drilling team's kill manifold, opens the slush pump 33 of connection kill manifold, adjusts 4 aperture of hydraulic-control throttling valve is saved, keeps well head pressure identical with well head pressure when normal drilling process, when being then shut off normal drilling The slush pump 34 used adjusts 4 aperture of hydraulic-control throttling valve, adjusts wellhead back pressure, then compensation cycle frictional resistance carries out the work that makes a trip Industry acquires the speed that makes a trip, and the parameters such as drilling fluid displacement adjust 4 aperture of throttle valve, adjust wellhead back pressure, compensate due to removing Surge pressure caused by brill keeps bottom pressure to stablize.
As described above, being explained in detail to the embodiment of the present invention, as long as but essentially without this hair of disengaging Bright inventive point and effect can have many deformations, this will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art.Therefore, this The variation of sample is also integrally incorporated within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of pressure control device for controlled pressure drilling, which is characterized in that rotating blowout preventer connects pressure gauge, hydraulic control Flap type, hydraulic control flap type connect hydraulic-control throttling valve, and hydraulic control flap type is fuel-displaced by hydraulic control flap type oil inlet pipe, hydraulic control flap type Pipe connects hydraulic-pneumatic control platform, and hydraulic-control throttling valve connects liquid gas by hydraulic-control throttling valve feed line, hydraulic-control throttling valve flow line Console, rotating blowout preventer connect hydraulic-pneumatic control platform, liquid gas by rotating blowout preventer feed line, rotating blowout preventer flow line Console connects oil sources pipeline, flow line, source gas line and remote control cable;Hydraulic-pneumatic control platform connection bleed pressure table, Oil supply pressure table, wellhead back pressure table, the first explosion-proof liquid crystal display panel, the second explosion-proof liquid crystal display panel, gas source switch, oil sources Switch, rotating blowout preventer is released the button, rotating blowout preventer close button, Gas-liquid pump are released the button, Gas-liquid pump close button, hydraulic control Flap type releases the button, hydraulic control flap type close button, regulation handle, manual/auto change-over switch and manual protection button, institute Instrument, switch, button and the handle for stating the connection of hydraulic-pneumatic control platform are respectively connected with corresponding pipeline or component.
2. a kind of well head pressure control method for controlled pressure drilling, which is characterized in that contain following steps;
The switch of swivel control head, the switch of hydraulic control flap type and hydraulic control are controlled by automatic control system or hand held console The aperture of throttle valve controls wellhead back pressure, to control ring governor pressure section;It automatically controls completely only with manual control system It is vertical, manual/auto conversion is realized by Oil-source control;Under normal circumstances, rotation control is carried out by automatic control system Head switch control and hydraulic-control throttling valve throttling control, according to formulation self-choke control flow to various drilling conditions into Row operation, when automatically controlling failure, is switched to manual control system, is controlled by hand held console, press startup or pass The switch for closing button control swivel control head adjusts hydraulic-control throttling valve opening to adjust wellhead back pressure to control by regulation handle Bottom pressure processed,
Swivel control head, hydraulic control flap type and hydraulic-control throttling valve are used in combination;Swivel control head, hydraulic control flap type and hydraulic-control throttling Valve uses unified air-liquid control system;Long-range realization is manual, is automatically brought into operation, and realizes mutually conversion.
3. a kind of pressure control device for controlled pressure drilling, which is characterized in that the pressure control device includes Executing agency and control mechanism, wherein
The executing agency includes the rotating blowout preventer (1) being sequentially communicated, hydraulic control flap type (3), hydraulic-control throttling valve (4) and casing pressure Table;
The rotating blowout preventer (1) includes the rotating blowout preventer feed line (22) being connect respectively with the control mechanism and rotation Preventer flow line (23), the control mechanism control the opening and closing of the rotating blowout preventer (1);
The hydraulic control flap type (3) includes the hydraulic control flap type oil inlet pipe (24) being connect with the control mechanism and hydraulic control flap type Flowline (25), the control mechanism control the aperture of the hydraulic control flap type (3);
The hydraulic-control throttling valve (4) includes the hydraulic-control throttling valve oil inlet pipe (26) being connect with the control mechanism and hydraulic-control throttling valve Flowline (27), the control mechanism control the aperture of the hydraulic-control throttling valve;
The control mechanism is hydraulic-pneumatic control platform.
4. the pressure control device according to claim 3 for controlled pressure drilling, which is characterized in that the execution machine Structure further includes pressure gauge (2), and the pressure gauge (2) is arranged between the rotating blowout preventer (1) and the hydraulic control flap type (3) Connecting line on.
5. the pressure control device according to claim 3 for controlled pressure drilling, which is characterized in that the control machine Structure has the oil inlet of connection oil sources pipeline (28) and the oil outlet of connection flow line (29).
6. the pressure control device according to claim 5 for controlled pressure drilling, which is characterized in that the control machine Structure, which has, to be automatically controlled portion and manually controls portion, described to automatically control portion and described manually control mutual conversion and control between portion Function, the control mechanism include the oil supply pressure table (7) for detecting oil sources and the well head pressure for detecting drilling well Wellhead back pressure table (8).
7. the pressure control device according to claim 6 for controlled pressure drilling, which is characterized in that the control machine Structure also has the gas source interface for connecting source gas line (30).
8. the pressure control device according to claim 7 for controlled pressure drilling, which is characterized in that the control machine The bleed pressure table (6) for detecting the bleed pressure in the source gas line (30) is provided on structure.
9. the pressure control device according to claim 6 for controlled pressure drilling, which is characterized in that the control machine Structure manually controls portion by automatically controlling portion described in manual/auto change-over switch (20) conversion with described.
10. the pressure control device according to claim 3 for controlled pressure drilling, which is characterized in that the control Mechanism also has the first explosion-proof liquid crystal display panel (9) and the second explosion-proof liquid crystal display panel (10).
CN201510219091.2A 2014-05-14 2015-05-01 A kind of well head pressure control method and device for controlled pressure drilling Active CN105089528B (en)

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