CN105075479B

CN105075479B - Fertilizing method for selenium-rich watermelons

Info

Publication number: CN105075479B
Application number: CN201510496518.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 喻安刚
Original assignee: CHONGQING YIBAO WATERMELON PLANTING PROFESSIONAL COOPERATIVES
Current assignee: CHONGQING YIBAO WATERMELON PLANTING PROFESSIONAL COOPERATIVES
Priority date: 2015-08-13
Filing date: 2015-08-13
Publication date: 2020-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2035-08-13
Also published as: CN105075479A

Abstract

The application discloses a fertilizing method of selenium-rich watermelons, which comprises the following steps: (1) and (3) seedling bed stage: spraying water with the volume of 240-260 times that of liquid organic selenium fertilizer added with water for 55-65ml to the leaf surfaces for 1-2 times per mu; (2) and (3) transplanting: soaking the roots of the watermelon seedlings for 0.5-1h in liquid fertilizer after transplanting, and then wrapping the roots of the watermelon seedlings for 1-2h by using the cloth soaked in the liquid fertilizer; the liquid fertilizer mainly comprises liquid organic selenium fertilizer, boron fertilizer and water, and the mass ratio of the liquid organic selenium fertilizer to the boron fertilizer is 1: 0.05-0.1: 220-260. (3) After field planting and seedling slowing, the expansion period of the watermelon is as follows: uniformly mixing 500-600ml of liquid organic selenium fertilizer, 10-15g of boron fertilizer, 8-12ml of agricultural organic silicon additive and 97-108L of water, spraying the mixture on leaf surfaces for 10-12 days, and spraying the mixture for 3-4 times in total; (4) after the first batch of melons are picked: 660ml of liquid organic selenium fertilizer, 16-25g of boric fertilizer, 15-20ml of agricultural organic silicon additive and 10-15L of water are uniformly mixed and then poured into the depressions at the roots of each watermelon vine per mu. The watermelon planted by the scheme of the patent application has more selenium content.

Description

Fertilizing method for selenium-rich watermelons

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fertilizing method, in particular to a fertilizing method for selenium-rich watermelons.

Background

The watermelon is a champion for Chinese and western watermelons in summer, is reputed by the king of the melons and fruits, is the most important mineral nutrient for prolonging the service life, is embodied in the comprehensive protection of the human body, and is proved by medical research to have the following effects on the human body: 1. free radicals in vivo are removed, and aging is resisted; 2. participating in repairing damaged myocardium, and preventing and treating liver, kidney, asthma, gestational hypertension, etc.; 3. the product has antagonistic effect on heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and thallium, and can reduce the harm of the above chemical substances to human body; 4. the product has the name of 'anticancer king', and can obviously inhibit tumor expansion; 5. maintaining the activity of white blood cells, being an immune function enhancer, insisting on proper selenium supplement, being an effective measure for enhancing human health, preventing diseases and prolonging life.

Selenium is not only beneficial to human bodies, but also a beneficial element required by plant growth, can stimulate the growth and development of plants, seed germination and root system activity, promote nutrient absorption and plant metabolism, improve photosynthesis and chlorophyll content, enhance the biological antioxidation and resistance to environmental stress of plants, improve the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops, and have the function of antagonizing heavy metals. After the selenium fertilizer is applied, the selenium content of agricultural products can be obviously improved, so that the commodity value is greatly improved. The current selenium-rich methods for planting selenium-rich watermelons comprise the following steps: 1. after being diluted, the selenium fertilizer is sprayed on the leaves of watermelon vine; 2. culturing seedlings on a seedling culture substrate containing selenium fertilizer, and applying the selenium fertilizer in a top dressing process; 3. the method combines the leaf surface spraying of watermelon vine and the seedling raising on the seedling raising substrate containing selenium fertilizer. The selenium is mainly absorbed through the leaves and the roots of watermelon vines, and the selenium-rich methods have certain effect, but the growth conditions of the leaves and the roots of the watermelon vines of the planted watermelons are different, the selenium content in the watermelons is more or less, and the selenium content in most watermelons is still less.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a fertilizing method for selenium-rich watermelons with high selenium content.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows:

a fertilizing method of selenium-rich watermelons comprises the following steps:

(1) and (3) seedling bed stage: spraying water with the volume of 240-260 times that of liquid organic selenium fertilizer added with water for 55-65ml to the leaf surfaces for 1-2 times per mu;

(2) and (3) transplanting: soaking the roots of the watermelon seedlings for 0.5-1h in liquid fertilizer after transplanting, and then wrapping the roots of the watermelon seedlings for 1-2h by using the cloth soaked in the liquid fertilizer; the liquid fertilizer mainly comprises liquid organic selenium fertilizer, boron fertilizer and water, and the mass ratio of the liquid organic selenium fertilizer to the boron fertilizer is 1: 0.05-0.1: 220-260;

(3) after field planting and seedling slowing, the expansion period of the watermelon is as follows: uniformly mixing 500-600ml of liquid organic selenium fertilizer, 10-15g of boron fertilizer, 8-12ml of agricultural organic silicon additive and 97-108L of water, spraying the mixture on leaf surfaces for 10-12 days, and spraying the mixture for 3-4 times in total;

(4) after the first batch of melons are picked: 660ml of liquid organic selenium fertilizer, 16-25g of boric fertilizer, 15-20ml of agricultural organic silicon additive and 10-15L of water are uniformly mixed and then poured into the depressions at the roots of each watermelon vine per mu.

The scheme has the advantages that:

1. during transplanting, the roots of the watermelon seedlings are soaked by liquid fertilizers including liquid organic selenium fertilizer, boron fertilizer and water, so that the roots of the watermelon seedlings fully absorb selenium, and in addition, the boron fertilizer can promote the rapid division of cells at the roots of the watermelon seedlings, so that the roots are developed.

2. During transplanting, the roots of the watermelon seedlings are wrapped by the cloth soaked in the liquid fertilizer for 1-2 hours, if the cloth is directly soaked in the liquid fertilizer, the roots of the watermelon seedlings are easy to rot, the roots of the watermelon seedlings are wrapped by the cloth, the roots of the watermelon seedlings cannot rot, and the roots of the watermelon seedlings can fully absorb selenium.

3. After the field planting and the seedling slowing, the mixture of liquid organic selenium fertilizer, boron fertilizer, agricultural organic silicon additive and water is sprayed on the leaf surfaces until the watermelon expansion period. Firstly, the boron fertilizer influences the development of reproductive organs, can accelerate the elongation and division of cells in crops and plays an important role in flowering and fruiting; secondly, the most outstanding characteristics of the agricultural organic silicon additive are super expansion capability, rapid expansion, and much larger expansion area than that of common liquid (172 times of water expansion area), so that the liquid organic selenium fertilizer and the boron fertilizer can be fully absorbed by the leaves of watermelon vine, and the selenium-rich effect is very good.

And in the optimization scheme 1, the basic scheme is further optimized, and the content of selenium in the liquid organic selenium fertilizer is 12-18 g/L. The selenium content in the selenium fertilizer is less than 12g/L, and the selenium content in the planted watermelons is less; the selenium content in the selenium fertilizer is more than 18g/L, and the selenium in the selenium fertilizer cannot be fully absorbed, thereby causing waste.

And in the optimization scheme 2, the basic scheme is further optimized, and the agricultural organic silicon additive is ethoxy modified polytrisiloxane. The inventor finds that the selenium content of the watermelon planted by adopting the ethoxyl modified polytrisiloxane is higher through experiments.

And an optimization scheme 3 for further optimizing any one of the basic scheme and the optimization schemes 1 and 2, wherein in the step 2, the mass part ratio of the liquid organic selenium fertilizer to the liquid boron fertilizer to the water is 1: 0.08: 245. the inventor finds that the selenium content of the planted watermelon is higher when the liquid organic selenium fertilizer, the boron fertilizer and the water are prepared according to the proportion.

And (3) optimizing the scheme 4, wherein the cloth used in the step 2 is water-absorbing cotton cloth. The water absorption cotton cloth can absorb more liquid fertilizer, and the roots of the watermelon seedlings can absorb the liquid fertilizer when being wrapped by the water absorption cotton cloth.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of specific embodiments:

the method of applying fertilizer is described in detail below by taking example 1 as an example, and indexes of examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 3 are shown in table 1. The agricultural silicone additive used in each of the following examples and comparative examples was ethoxy-modified polytrisiloxane; the liquid organic selenium fertilizer is selenium rich 5138 liquid fertilizer.

Example 1

(1) and (3) seedling bed stage: spraying water which is 240 times of the volume of the selenium fertilizer 5138 liquid fertilizer added water to leaf surfaces for 1 time per mu;

(2) and (3) transplanting: soaking the roots of the watermelon seedlings which are transplanted in a liquid fertilizer for 0.5h, and then wrapping the roots of the watermelon seedlings with cloth soaked in the liquid fertilizer for 1 h; the liquid fertilizer mainly comprises a selenium fertilizer 5138, a boron fertilizer and water, wherein the mass ratio of the selenium fertilizer to the boron fertilizer is 1: 0.05: 220, 220;

(3) after field planting and seedling slowing, the expansion period of the watermelon is as follows: uniformly mixing 500ml of selenium fertilizer 5138 liquid fertilizer, 10g of boron fertilizer, 8ml of agricultural organic silicon additive and 97L of water, spraying the mixture to leaf surfaces for 10 days, and spraying the mixture for 3 times in total;

(4) after the first batch of melons are picked: the fertilizer is prepared by uniformly mixing 600ml of selenium rich 5138 liquid fertilizer, 16g of boric fertilizer, 15ml of agricultural organic silicon additive and 10L of water, and then pouring the mixture into the depressions at the roots of each watermelon vine.

TABLE 1

The selenium content and the root growth condition of the watermelons planted by the fertilizing methods of the above embodiments and comparative examples are detected, and the detection results are shown in table 2:

TABLE 2

And (4) conclusion:

1. as can be seen by comparing example 3 with examples 5, 6 and 7, the selenium content of example 3 is higher than that of examples 5, 6 and 7, while example 3 is different from examples 5, 6 and 7 only in the ratio of the parts by mass of the liquid fertilizer of Se 5138, the liquid fertilizer of B fertilizer and water, and the mass ratio of example 3 is higher than that of the planted watermelon.

2. Example 3 compared to comparative example 1, example 3 had more than twice the selenium content of comparative example 1, whereas example 3 differed from comparative example 1 only in that there was no soaking nor wrapping in step 2 of comparative example 1, so it can be seen that soaking in liquid fertilizer and wrapping the roots of watermelon seedlings with soaked absorbent cotton cloth in step 2 was very effective in increasing the selenium content in watermelon.

3. Compared with the comparative example 2, the selenium content of the example 3 is nearly twice that of the comparative example 2, and the difference between the example 3 and the comparative example 2 is only that the boron fertilizer is not used in the comparative example 2, so that the selenium content in the watermelon can be effectively improved by using the boron fertilizer.

4. Example 3 compared to comparative example 3, the selenium content of example 3 was significantly higher than that of comparative example 2, whereas example 3 differed from comparative example 3 only in that no ethoxy modified polytriesiloxane was used in comparative example 3, and thus it can be concluded that the use of ethoxy modified polytriesiloxane effectively increased the selenium content in watermelon.

5. The growth conditions of the root systems are compared, and only the root system in the comparative example 2 is underdeveloped, while the most difference between the comparative example 2 and other comparative groups is that the comparative example 2 does not use boron fertilizer.

The above description is only an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known features in the schemes is not described herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. The fertilizing method of the selenium-rich watermelon is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(4) after the first batch of melons are picked: 660ml of liquid organic selenium fertilizer, 16-25g of boric fertilizer, 15-20ml of agricultural organic silicon additive and 10-15L of water are uniformly mixed and then poured into the depressions at the roots of each watermelon vine per mu;

the content of selenium in the liquid organic selenium fertilizer is 12-18 g/L.

2. The fertilizing method for selenium-rich watermelons according to claim 1, wherein the agricultural organic silicon assistant is ethoxy modified polytrisiloxane.

3. The fertilizing method for the selenium-rich watermelons according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein in the step 2, the mass part ratio of the liquid organic selenium fertilizer, the boron fertilizer and the water is 1: 0.08: 245.

4. the fertilizing method for the selenium-rich watermelons as claimed in claim 3, wherein the cloth used in step 2 is absorbent cotton cloth.