CN105069841B - A kind of extra large land engagement method for visualizing based on OSG d engines - Google Patents
A kind of extra large land engagement method for visualizing based on OSG d engines Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Method for visualizing is engaged the present invention relates to a kind of extra large land based on OSG d engines, belongs to graph visualization technical field.Including:Three-dimensional scenic framework is carried out using OSG 3 d rendering engines to build;Large-scale terrain model file is generated using VPB;Plug-in unit generation ocean node is drawn using ocean;Ocean node is loaded into OSG scene tree simultaneously with relief model file and visualized;If the ocean node that ocean drafting plug-in unit is drawn out will not follow viewpoint to move and move, setting ocean node is dynamic node;Sea height is set to be shown with viewpoint height dynamic change and according to sea height.Contrast prior art, the inventive method by adding extensive land node and ocean node simultaneously in one scenario, and the height of ocean is dynamically adjusted according to viewpoint height, during so that viewpoint is away from extra large land scene, the depth buffer difference of flood and field will not be too small, so that the problem of avoiding extra large land stroboscopic;It is simultaneously simple efficient.
Description
Technical field:
This method is related to one kind and uses OSG 3 d rendering engines, and flood and field is carried out into visual solution party simultaneously
Case;Large-scale terrain model more particularly to is generated using VPB, and adds the large scale scene of ocean in the scene, belongs to figure
Visualization technique field.
Background technology:
The visualization of three-dimensional scenic is the focus that for many years computer graphics, especially field of virtual reality are studied
With emphasis.In recent years, the hot issue being depicted as a large amount of papers and periodical of large-scale terrain, in large-scale terrain
On the basis of, ocean is added in scene, i.e., it is that each three-dimensional artificial platform is required for emphasis to realize that extra large land carries out visualization simultaneously
One of function.
OSG 3 d rendering engines are a rendering efficiency height, the visual programming tools bag increased income.There is provided using OSG
API, can quickly and efficiently complete the modeling of three-dimensional scenic.Virtual Planet Builder abbreviation VPB, are a bases
In OSG large-scale terrain model plug-in unit, by configuring VPB command line parameter, can by existing terrain elevation data with
The threedimensional model that data texturing processing generation OSG can be parsed directly, is stored as IVE forms.Use the three-dimensional wash with watercolours of OSG as described above
Engine and VPB large-scale terrain rendering plug-in units are contaminated, rapidly can be visualized large-scale terrain.
However, large-scale terrain is generally used for land visualization, mountain range hills, surface relief can be shown well
Information, and the part of ocean is then simple textures.In order to which flood and field is visualized simultaneously, it usually needs
Ocean node is individually added into the large-scale terrain scene of rendered completion, this just brings a problem:When video camera is in three-dimensional
Roamed in scene, and the extra large land scene of view distance it is far when, the drafting depth of flood and field can become to become closer to, with
Cover land, sometimes less than land sometimes to Yu Haiyang, and produce the effect of visualization that irrational extra large land is frequently flashed, herein
This problem is referred to as extra large land stroboscopic problem.
Solving frequently to flash the method for problem at present has two kinds:One avoids viewpoint height too high, and most of applications are not
Need viewpoint to keep great distances with scene, extra large land stroboscopic problem can be avoided by limiting viewpoint height;Secondly using Hai Lu
Join the detection algorithm of line, i.e., calculate coastline in real time, such a method fundamentally solves extra large land stroboscopic problem, but calculates
Cost is very high, largely have impact on scene drawing efficiency.
The content of the invention:
The purpose of this method is to be directed to above-described extra large land stroboscopic problem, is proposed a kind of based on OSG 3 d rendering engines
Carry out scene modeling, the extra large land of large-scale terrain model is generated using VPB while visual solution.The program is at one
Extensive land node and ocean node are added simultaneously in scene, the height of ocean is dynamically adjusted according to viewpoint height so that regard
When point is away from extra large land scene, the depth buffer difference of flood and field will not be too small, so that the problem of avoiding extra large land stroboscopic.
What most of three-dimensional scenics needed concentration observation is land model, and need not overemphasize sea details.So
When on land, model optimization Yu Haiyang model is observed, can suitably reduce sea height increases both Hai Lu depth buffer.
According to test, the mathematical modeling adjusted using formula below as sea height is relatively reasonable.
Wherein, W is extra large land scene scale, H0Height is drawn for initialization ocean, distance is view distance Hai Luchang
The height of scape, h is ocean wave height.It should be noted that the ocean displaying scheme used in the solution is dynamic
Ocean, land model is static land.I.e. as viewpoint is moved, land modal position will not change, but ocean center can be with
Viewpoint movement and move so that ocean center is all the time in viewpoint in the position of surface projection.When viewpoint is away from earth's surface, land
Ground model, which can be zoomed in and out, becomes less and less, and ocean model size will not change.Experiment test reaches 5/6 when viewpoint height
During scape size, extra large land scene details has become enough to obscure, and ocean need not be shown.When sea height reduces h,
Under horizon, now if ocean textures then remove ocean node, no longer draw dynamic sea in ocean;If nothing
Then sea height no longer changes ocean textures.Now the problem of flood and field frequently flashes will not occur for three-dimensional scenic.
If necessary to concentrate observation sea details, can suitably raise sea height increases both Hai Lu depth buffer.
Now the minus sign in formula is changed to and added well, i.e.,:
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
One kind uses OSG 3 d rendering engines, and flood and field is carried out into visualization method, including following step simultaneously
Suddenly:
Built Step 1: carrying out three-dimensional scenic framework using OSG 3 d rendering engines.
Step 2: using terrain modeling plug-in unit, such as VPB, generating large-scale terrain model file.By existing landform altitude
Data, as input, by configuring VPB command line parameters, export the ive model files of large-scale terrain with data texturing.
Step 3: drawing plug-in unit using ocean, such as osgocean generates ocean node, by ocean node and relief model
File is loaded into OSG scene tree and visualized simultaneously.
If Step 4: the ocean node that ocean drafting plug-in unit is drawn out will not follow viewpoint to move and move, setting sea
Foreign-festival point is dynamic node.It is fixed size to set ocean to draw scope, is set in the keyboard call back function of OSG rover
Ocean centre coordinate is eye coordinates.
Step 5: setting sea height with viewpoint height dynamic change, ocean scenes are then carried out according to sea height and shown
Show.
Step 5.1 adds rover, such as trackmanipulator etc. in three-dimensional scenic.
Step 5.2 is changed in the scaling call back function of rover, such as the trackmanipulator rover that OSG is carried
Zoommodel functions, the distance values in mathematical modeling are assigned to class members's variable _ distance.It is each to mathematical modeling
Individual variable is initialized.Sea height value is set according to above-mentioned formula (1) or (2) in call back function, formula (1) is to be directed to
The situation during model of land, situation when formula (2) is for observation oceanic purpose emphatically are observed emphatically.
The sea height value that step 5.3 is obtained according to calculating, distinguishes following situation and is shown:
If the pelagic division in the relief model that i. terrain modeling plug-in unit is drawn out has textures, distance increases
To after 5/6W, ocean node is no longer shown, only display textures.
If the pelagic division in the relief model that ii. terrain modeling plug-in unit is drawn out does not have textures, distance
Rise to after 5/6W, ocean node continues to show, height no longer changes;Now viewpoint height is sufficiently high, distance sea
Land model is also remote enough, it is not necessary to which the whole three-dimensional scenic from farther place, can limit viewpoint height maximum is
5/6W。
The three-dimensional scenic that flood and field is shown simultaneously can be just drawn out by above step, and this scene exists
When viewpoint is away from scene, will not occur the problem of extra large land frequently flashes.
One kind uses OSG 3 d rendering engines, and flood and field is carried out into visible apparatus, including extra large Lu Sanwei simultaneously
Scene drawing module is with sea height with the dynamic adjusting module of viewpoint height.Drafting module has just been completed in program initialization,
Height adjusting module is constantly circulated until program is exited when graphical interfaces is visualized.
The extra large land three-dimensional scenic drafting module, which is used to draw using OSG 3 d rendering engines, produces scene, and uses
VPB generates large-scale terrain model;
The sea height adjusting module is used for when each viewpoint position changes, according to aforementioned formula (1) or public affairs
Formula (2) adjusts sea height, and is shown according to the sea height progress ocean scenes after adjustment.
Pelagic division is potentially included in the large-scale terrain model, ocean textures are shown as, or including ocean
The part that only land rises and falls.It is that static land, i.e. terrestrial location will not be with viewpoints with size that land, which is loaded into scene,
Change and change;Ocean be loaded into scene be dynamic sea, though viewpoint movement where, ocean center all the time with viewpoint sit
Mark is identical.
The adjustment of sea height realization in the call back function that the viewpoint position of rover changes, such as
Zoommodel functions.
Beneficial effect:
Flood and field simultaneously show three-dimensional scenic in, avoid in a simpler way viewpoint height it is too high when sea
The problem of ocean is frequently flashed with land, while ensure that the efficiency of scene drawing.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is that the three-dimensional scenic drafting that a kind of land based on OSG and VPB of the embodiment of the present invention is shown simultaneously with ocean is flowed
Journey schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the extra large land three-dimensional scenic schematic diagram under general viewpoint;
Fig. 3 is the parameters of the extra large land three-dimensional scenic under general viewpoint, draws frame per second about between 7~10.
Have in extra large land three-dimensional scenic schematic diagram when viewpoint is too high when Fig. 4 is does not use this method, figure at square box mark
Stroboscopic problem.
Extra large land three-dimensional scenic parameters when viewpoint is too high when Fig. 5 is does not use this method.
Fig. 6 is extra large land three-dimensional scenic schematic diagram when too high using viewpoint during this method, and square box home position stroboscopic is asked
Topic has been solved.Frame number is stable between 7-10.
Fig. 7 is extra large land three-dimensional scenic parameters when too high using viewpoint during this method.
Extra large land three-dimensional scenic and parameter when viewpoint is too high when Fig. 8 is does not use this method, larger range of landform more may be used
To find out the presence of stroboscopic problem.
Fig. 9 is the extra large land three-dimensional scenic and parameter when viewpoint is too high when using this method, and Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 contrast can be clear
Chu finds out that stroboscopic problem is solved.
Figure 10 is using the extra large land three-dimensional scenic and parameter during this method during viewpoint highest.Viewpoint is sufficiently apart from after scene then
Only loading ocean textures, ocean is not reloaded and draws node.Frame number is still between 7~10.Now viewpoint height reaches 5/6W
Maximum.
Embodiment:
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and examples, while also describing technical solution of the present invention
The technical problem and beneficial effect of solution, it should be pointed out that described embodiment is intended merely to facilitate the understanding of the present invention,
And do not play any restriction effect to it.
Embodiment 1
Implement one kind for the present invention as shown in Figure 1 and use OSG 3 d rendering engines, flood and field is carried out simultaneously visual
The solution schematic flow sheet of change, the step in flow is described in detail below:
Built Step 1: carrying out three-dimensional scenic framework using OSG 3 d rendering engines.
Landform node and ocean node are set up respectively, are mounted in OSG scene root vertexes.Code sample is as follows:
osgViewer::Viewer viewer;
osg::Group*root=new osg::Group;// set up root node
root->addChild(scene->getScene());// add ocean node
root->addChild(islandTransform.get());// add landform node
viewer.setSceneData(root);// link what comes into a driver's device with scene tree
Step 2: generating large-scale terrain model file using VPB.Existing terrain elevation data and data texturing are made
For input, by configuring VPB command line parameters, ive model files are exported.
The Taiwan Precision Elevation data of 90 meters of resolution ratio are downloaded in CGIAR-CSI websites, in Google Earth
Download and obtain data texturing, the two can be selected with frame and downloaded.Texture maps are carried out with re-projection, choosing using Google Mapper 14
With unified coordinate system such as WGS84.VPB command line parameters are configured afterwards, altitude data and data texturing tif files is defeated
Enter, run output model file.Order line example:
Osgdem--xx 10--yy 10-t data texturings -- xx 10--yy 10-d altitude data-v 1-l 6-o
taiwan.ive
Model is loaded into the landform node of OSG scene trees after generation.
Step 3: drawing plug-in unit using ocean, such as osgocean generates ocean node, by ocean node and relief model
File is loaded into OSG scene tree and visualized simultaneously.
Step 4: if ocean node is not moved with the movement of viewpoint, setting ocean node is dynamic node.
It is fixed size to set ocean to draw scope first, and when setting up ocean node, scope is drawn in ocean under default situations
It is fixed, i.e., should not in the rover of three-dimensional scenic scales call back function such as trackballmanipulator
Dynamically change ocean in zoommodel functions and draw scope.
Then it is eye coordinates that ocean centre coordinate is set in the keyboard call back function of OSG rover.Can be in three-dimensional
Sea is set in the rover call back function of scene in such as trackballmanipulator keyboard event call-back functions
Foreign centre coordinate.Use setpositon functions so that when viewpoint is moved horizontally each time, ocean centre coordinate all mobile phases
Same amount.
Step 5: setting sea height with viewpoint height dynamic change.
Step 5.1 adds rover, such as trackballmanipulator etc. in three-dimensional scenic.Example code:
osgGA::TrackballManipulator*tb=new TrackballManipulatorI;
viewer.setCameraManipulator(tb);
Step 5.2 changes the scaling call back function of rover, and sea height value is set according to above-mentioned formula;.
Zoommodel functions in the trackballmanipulator rover that modification OSG is carried, this function is each
Secondary use mouse can all be called when scene scaling.By the distance values in mathematical modeling be assigned to class members's variable _
distance.To mathematical modeling, each variable is initialized.Add following sentence:
pubscene->getOceanScene()->setOceanSurfaceHeight(-38.0-_distance/
2000);
The sentence takes viewpoint height value to substitute into formula, resets sea i.e. when viewpoint height changes each time
Foreign height.Wherein pubscene is ocean node pointer.As viewpoint is raised, sea height reduction so that flood and field is painted
Depth difference processed becomes big, it is to avoid the problem of the two frequently flashes.
The sea height value that step 5.3 is obtained according to calculating, distinguishes following situation and is shown:
If the pelagic division in the relief model that i. VPB is drawn out has a textures, distance rise to 5/6W it
Afterwards, ocean node is no longer shown, only display textures.Now scene nodes are removed.
root->removeChild(scene->getScene())
If the pelagic division in the relief model that ii. VPB is drawn out does not have textures, distance rises to 5/6W
Afterwards, ocean node continues to show, height no longer changes.Now viewpoint height is sufficiently high, and the extra large land model of distance is also
It is remote enough, it is not necessary to the whole three-dimensional scenic from farther place, viewpoint height maximum can be limited for 5/6W.
When this example is for observation land model emphatically, the solution of flood and field stroboscopic.In program operation process,
Ocean model height constantly reduces to increase the depth buffer of flood and field.Corresponding result figure is shown in 4,5,6,7.
Embodiment 2
If the solution of flood and field stroboscopic during for observation oceanic purpose emphatically, by the minus sign in formula
Plus sige is changed to, i.e.,:
In program operation process, ocean model height constantly raises to increase the depth buffer of flood and field, it is to avoid two
Person's stroboscopic.Operation result is corresponded to shown in Fig. 8,9.
Result of the test
About 30000 OSG world coordinate system units of Taiwan region scene scale, draw frame number between 7~10 frames, reach
The requirement of real-time rendering is arrived, as shown in Figure 2,3.When viewpoint height reaches OSG world coordinate systems unit 11000 or so, land
There is ocean land stroboscopic problem in subregion in ground scene, as shown in Figure 4,5.By using this method, same scene exists
When viewpoint height reaches OSG world coordinate systems unit 11000 or so, land stroboscopic problem is eliminated, and is now drawn frame number and is still existed
10 frames or so, such as Fig. 6, shown in 7.When viewpoint height reaches 18000 or so, whole scene sea part stroboscopic problem is serious, this
When draw frame per second 7~10 between, as shown in Figure 8.By using this method, it is to avoid viewpoint height reaches when 18000 or so whole
The stroboscopic problem of individual scene sea part, frame per second is still stablized between 7~10, and scene has good stability, as shown in Figure 9.Depending on
When point height reaches that 25000 units can be looked down to Taiwan scene overall picture, ocean textures are loaded, actual ocean is no longer drawn
Model, now frame per second be 9~10 between, as shown in Figure 10.In summary, this is painted based on OSG 3 d rendering engines with VPB landform
Plug-in unit processed, carries out the problem of visual solution solves extra large land stroboscopic well, and protect simultaneously by flood and field
Scene drawing efficiency is demonstrate,proved.
Above-described to specifically describe, purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effect to invention have been carried out further specifically
It is bright, it should be understood that the specific embodiment that the foregoing is only the present invention, the protection model being not intended to limit the present invention
Enclose, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc. should be included in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of extra large land engagement method for visualizing based on OSG d engines, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1, three-dimensional scenic framework is carried out using OSG 3 d rendering engines to build;
Step 2, large-scale terrain model file is generated using terrain modeling plug-in unit;
Step 3, plug-in unit generation ocean node is drawn using ocean;And be loaded into ocean node simultaneously with relief model file
Visualized in OSG scene tree;
Step 4, if the ocean node that ocean drafting plug-in unit is drawn out will not follow viewpoint to move and move, ocean node is set
For dynamic node, i.e., ocean node draw scope will not dynamic change, and viewpoint should be followed to move and move;
Step 5, set sea height with viewpoint height dynamic change, ocean scenes are then carried out according to sea height and show have
Body process is as follows:
Step 5.1 adds rover in three-dimensional scenic;
Step 5.2 changes the scaling call back function of rover, and (1) or (2) sets ocean according to the following equation in call back function
Height value, situation when formula (1) is for observation land model emphatically, when formula (2) is for observation oceanic purpose emphatically
Situation:
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Wherein, W is extra large land scene scale, H0Height is drawn for initialization ocean, distance is the height of the extra large land scene of view distance
Degree, h is ocean wave height;
The sea height value that step 5.3 is obtained according to calculating, distinguishes following situation and is shown:
(1) if the pelagic division in the relief model that terrain modeling plug-in unit is drawn out has textures, distance rises to
After 5/6W, ocean node is no longer shown, only display textures;
(2) if the pelagic division in the relief model that terrain modeling plug-in unit is drawn out does not have textures, distance increases
To after 5/6W, ocean node continues to show, height no longer changes.
2. a kind of extra large land engagement visualization device based on OSG d engines, it is characterised in that:Drawn including extra large land three-dimensional scenic
Module is with sea height with the dynamic adjusting module of viewpoint height;
Extra large land three-dimensional scenic drafting module, which is used to draw using OSG 3 d rendering engines, produces scene, and big using VPB generations
Scale relief model;
Sea height is used for when each viewpoint position changes with the dynamic adjusting module of viewpoint height, according to claim 1
The formula (1) or formula (2) adjustment sea height, and shown according to the sea height progress ocean scenes after adjustment.
3. a kind of extra large land engagement visualization device based on OSG d engines according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
In the large-scale terrain model or including pelagic division, ocean textures are shown as, or do not include ocean and only land
The part of fluctuating;It is that static land, i.e. terrestrial location will not become with size with the change of viewpoint that land, which is loaded into scene,
Change;Ocean be loaded into scene be dynamic sea, though viewpoint movement where, ocean center is identical with eye coordinates all the time.
4. engaging visualization device according to a kind of any described extra large land based on OSG d engines of Claims 2 or 3, it is special
Levy and be, the adjustment of the sea height is realized in the call back function that the viewpoint position of rover changes.
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CN105678832A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-06-15 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | OSG-based visual scene creation method for dynamically programming stereoscopic agriculture in gully district |
CN106204706B (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2018-10-26 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of sea three-dimension visible sysem of drift model |
CN115994982B (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-07-07 | 中科星图测控技术股份有限公司 | Giant constellation situation display method based on OSG |
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