CN105062876A - Solid state fermentation device, system and fermentation method of movable material distribution - Google Patents
Solid state fermentation device, system and fermentation method of movable material distribution Download PDFInfo
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- CN105062876A CN105062876A CN201510494670.8A CN201510494670A CN105062876A CN 105062876 A CN105062876 A CN 105062876A CN 201510494670 A CN201510494670 A CN 201510494670A CN 105062876 A CN105062876 A CN 105062876A
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M27/00—Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M33/00—Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solid state fermentation device, system and fermentation method of movable material distribution. The fermentation device comprises functionally clear three parts, namely, a working bin, a fermentation bin and a quantitative discharge bin which establish the standardized fermentation system, wherein quantitative discharge is carried out every day through controlling the quantitative discharge bin; a movable rack is arranged in the working bin; a stirring device and a material distributing device are arranged on the movable rack; quantitative and uniform material distribution to the fermentation bin and layered fermentation of materials in the fermentation bin are achieved through the operation of the movable rack. According to the solid state fermentation device, system and fermentation method of movable material distribution, all the parts are good in modularity, and standardized operation of equipment maintenance, fermentation production and fermentation technology is guaranteed through the adoption of the standardized equipment; the fermentation device is high in degree of automation, multiple groups of equipment can be combined to work without adding too many operating staff, and the administration expense and production cost are relatively low, so that batch production and batch operation are facilitated, the device is easy to operate and control, and standardization of the fermented product, storage and transportation of the product is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fermentation technical field, more specifically, relate to a kind of solid-state fermentation installation of moving cloth and system and fermentation process.
Background technology
Solid state fermentation refers to utilize nature substrate to do carbon source and the energy, or utilizes inert substrate to do solid support, and its system is anhydrous or close to anhydrous any fermenting process, the product of microbial growth and formation is all in stromal surface.
Solid state fermentation is the effective means solving " three is large " crisis that current mankind faces.Current, many industrial or agricultural residues, domestic waste have become the social effects of pollution of people, all produce adverse influence to the living environment of the mankind.Zymotechnique flow process can be widely used in processing the degradable biological rubbish in domestic refuse, TRADE REFUSE, agricultural waste and urban solid garbage, rubbish can be converted to high-quality biological flue gas (Biogas) and fertilizer (Compost) by zymotechnique flow process, biological flue gas can generate electricity again and output heat energy.Along with people constantly deepen solid fermentation mechanism understanding; these materials can carry out degrading by modern solid-state fermentation technology, repair, be converted into the useful or harmless material of people, both without detriment to set natural ecosystems, can successfully solve environmental problem again, alleviate nature crisis.
Traditional zymotic (outdoor) reaches the time of becoming thoroughly decomposed often needs 1 ~ 3 month, and around it, stench is unpleasant, and mosquito, fly grow in a large number, and environmental pollution is very serious.Existing fermentation adopts trough type fermentation usually, utilizes stack turner turning, material stirring, break up, transpiring moisture, with continuing fermentation, but the easy contaminate environment of the fermentation of this form, and the fermentation of other sealed pot types or box fermentation, what adopt is that fixed stir shaft or tank floor are ventilated, whole fermentor tank/case is an overall machine, after adjusting fermentor tank parameters, by disposable for fermentation materials loading fermentor tank/case, start fermentation until complete discharging of fermenting, it is fermentation same time in whole fermentor tank/case, the material of same degree, discharging is unified in unified charging, the scale final decision of the fermentor tank scale of fermentative production, producer needs a large amount of warehouse field to stack the finished product fermented, finished product warehouse entry or deliver from godown needs a large amount of artificial or machinery to load and unload, bring huge labor capacity and problem of environmental pollution, fermentation equipment floor space is large, the labour intensity of fermentative production is large, standardized production can not be realized.
In addition, ferment to closed fermentation although existing fermentation technique progressively achieves from open type, charging discharging all cannot realize implementing in the closed state, fundamentally cannot solve the problem of environmental pollution; Although existing fermentation technique progressively carry out from empirical formula ferment to control formula fermentation research, but the emphasis of research all concentrates on to controlling factors aspects such as moisture, inoculation, air feed under original fermentation manufacturing technique pattern, lacks the research solving the basic process modification aspects such as fermentative production standardization control.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the technical deficiency for existing solid state fermentation, there is provided a kind of solid-state fermentation installation, fermentation system is divided into detachable attachable several part by described device, and influence each other between each several part reduction, clear function, is easy to the stdn realizing fermentation.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide the fermentation work system based on above-mentioned fermentation unit.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide a kind of new fermentation process based on above-mentioned fermentation work system.
Object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of solid-state fermentation installation is provided, comprises:
I. working bin;
II. fermentation cabin;
III. quantify feed bin;
Described working bin, fermentation cabin, quantify feed bin by removably connecting to form described fermentation equipment.
Preferred mode of connection be from top to bottom working bin, fermentation cabin, quantify feed bin and connect successively, by realizing connecting and sealing at the outer setting coupling device of three.
Described working bin is connected with inlet pipe, vapor pipe and filling tube, working bin is provided with movable stand, guide rail, whipping appts and distribution device, described working bin installing guide rail, movable stand can move back and forth on guide rail, and described whipping appts and distribution device are all arranged on movable stand;
The top of described fermentation cabin is communicated with working bin, and the bottom of fermentation cabin is for quantifying the top of feed bin; Described whipping appts top is installed on movable stand, and the bottom at stir shaft place puts in the stirring of fermentation cabin realization to fermentation materials from working bin;
The described top quantifying feed bin is set to the first discharging structure, is the bottom of fermentation cabin when described first discharging structure is in closing condition, and when described first discharging structure is in open mode, material is evenly fallen and quantified feed bin;
The described bottom quantifying feed bin is the second discharging structure, is the bottom quantifying feed bin when described second discharging structure is in closing condition, and when described second discharging structure is in open mode, material is discharged from quantifying feed bin.
Described working bin (or X-direction) can install 2 guide rails along its length, and described movable stand to be set up between two guide rails and to move back and forth along working bin length direction (or X-direction) through guide rail.In like manner, described working bin also can install 2 guide rails in (or Y-direction) in the width direction, and described movable stand to be set up between two guide rails and to move back and forth along working bin width (or Y-direction) through guide rail.
Described whipping appts is arranged at movable stand, one of its preferred version moves to arrange a whipping appts: described whipping appts is arranged on movable stand and also can moves back and forth along the direction perpendicular with guide rail on movable stand, in conjunction with movable stand moving back and forth along guide rail direction, realize the uniform stirring of both direction; Two of its preferred version is fixedly installed several whipping apptss: described whipping appts is several, several whipping apptss described are evenly arranged on movable stand, several whipping apptss stir simultaneously, along with movable stand moving back and forth along guide rail, realize stirring equably.Several whipping apptss described are preferably more than 2 or 2.
In like manner, described distribution device is arranged at movable stand, one of its preferred version moves to arrange a distribution device: described distribution device is arranged on movable stand and also can moves back and forth along the direction perpendicular with guide rail on movable stand, in conjunction with movable stand moving back and forth along guide rail direction, realize the uniform distribution of both direction; Two of its preferred version is fixedly installed several distribution devices: described distribution device is several, several distribution devices described are evenly arranged on movable stand, several distribution devices are cloth simultaneously, along with movable stand moving back and forth along guide rail, realizes cloth equably.Several distribution devices described are preferably more than 2 or 2.
The plan of establishment of whipping appts and distribution device can be applied by different combinations.Such as, movement arranges a whipping appts combination movement and arranges a distribution device, and distribution device can be arranged at the side on whipping appts (top), it is with whipping appts movement jointly, make cloth under the movement of distribution device and whipping appts carry out ventilating the dual function that stirs, material very equably cloth on fermentation cabin upper strata; Or movement arranges a whipping appts combination and is fixedly installed several distribution devices; Or, be fixedly installed several whipping apptss combination movement and a distribution device be set; Or, be fixedly installed the combination of several whipping apptss and be fixedly installed several distribution devices, etc.
On technique scheme basis, described working bin is integrated with the functions such as stirring and cloth, and machine once moves, can the function such as omnibearing realization stirring and cloth.If described whipping appts adopts ventilation whipping appts, machine once moves, can the function such as omnibearing realization stirring, ventilation, cloth.
Preferably, described first discharging structure comprises upper strata grid and lower floor's grid, and described upper strata grid is some blocks of upper strata screens, and lower floor's grid is the lower floor screen corresponding with upper strata screen, lower floor's screen is fixed, and upper strata screen has pulled its dislocation with lower floor screen with overlapping by power; When upper strata screen misplaces with corresponding lower floor's screen, material can not discharging, and when upper strata screen is with when lower floor's screen is overlapping accordingly, material is evenly fallen and quantified feed bin.
Further preferably, by controlling, described in quantify the upper strata grid on feed bin top whole screens to pull together or part screen pulls, realize the requirement of different loads.
Preferably, described second discharging structure comprises some pieces of turnover panels, and during turnover panel level, material existence quantifies in feed bin, and when turnover panel forwards vertical direction to, material is discharged from quantifying feed bin.
Preferably, described turnover panel is sandwich structure, and the centre of interlayer is filled with lagging material.
Preferably, described whipping appts is stirring-type ventilator, described stirring-type ventilator is provided with central siphon and paddle, described central siphon and paddle are the hollow structure communicated, described central siphon is connected with described inlet pipe, described paddle is provided with air outlet opening, makes the oxygen in inlet pipe can enter paddle by hollow central siphon and enters fermented product through the air outlet opening of paddle again, carries out air inlet oxygenation and subsidiary stirring to fermented product.Further preferably, the set-up mode of described air outlet opening is: the reciprocal rear portion rotated at described paddle, has some air outlet openings along agitating vane length direction, effectively avoids the blocking of air outlet opening.
Preferably, described paddle divides multilayer or spiral setting along the central siphon direction of stirring-type ventilator, realizes multi-level ventilation.
Preferably, described inlet pipe, filling tube adopt flexible pipe.
Preferably, described vapor pipe is arranged at the top of working bin.
Preferably, described distribution device is arranged at the side on whipping appts top and is connected and fixed with whipping appts.
Preferably, described working bin, fermentation cabin or the second discharging structure turnover panel quantifying feed bin shell and discharging bin are sandwich structure, fill out and establish lagging material in the middle of interlayer.
The present invention provides a kind of fermentation system simultaneously, comprises charging machine, inlet system and exhaust system, also comprises Turnover Box and fermentation unit of the present invention;
Described charging machine connects the distribution device of described fermentation unit by filling tube, and described inlet system connects the whipping appts of described fermentation unit by inlet pipe, and described exhaust system connects the vapor pipe of described fermentation unit;
Described Turnover Box is the container-like structure that top is opened, its top open after with quantify that feed bin is adaptive to be connected.
Preferably, described vapor pipe is arranged at the top of described working bin, described exhaust system comprises air exhauster, is provided with the heat pump of vaporizer and condenser, described inlet system comprises blower fan, described vapor pipe is connected with air exhauster, described air exhauster connects with the vaporizer of heat pump, and the condenser of described heat pump is connected with the blower fan of inlet system; Fermentation waste gas in fermentation unit drains into heat pump by vapor pipe through air exhauster, discharges after the dehydration of vaporizer absorbing and cooling temperature.
Further preferably, described heat pump condenser is connected with the blower fan of inlet system, can, for entering the gas heating of fermentation cabin, make ferment more stable and take full advantage of thermal efficiency.
Material moisture after fermentation is low, granularity is little, for preventing dust pollution environment, this fermentation system is provided with Turnover Box, described Turnover Box is the container-like structure that top is opened, its top open after with quantify that feed bin is adaptive to be connected, when the turnover panel quantifying feed bin forwards vertical direction to, material is discharged from quantifying feed bin, be expelled to when airtight in Turnover Box, after Turnover Box is completely expected, FCL material just can be handled upside down and leave, change the charging of another one Turnover Box again, convenient, standard, easy to operate, do not need warehouse, do not need manually to load and unload material yet, avoid the environmental pollution in handling material process, Turnover Box simultaneously can as bin.
Described charging machine, inlet system and exhaust system are with reference to prior art.Preferably, described charging machine is metered charge machine.
Based on fermentation unit of the present invention and fermentation system, the invention provides a kind of fermentation process, be the layering fermentation process of container-type, comprise the following steps:
S1. connect working bin, fermentation cabin and quantify feed bin, building fermentation unit, and connecting charging machine, inlet system and exhaust system by filling tube, inlet pipe, vapor pipe, getting out Turnover Box, form fermentation system;
S2. fermentation conveniently requires to feed in raw material, and maintains fermentation at the environment of sealing thermal insulation;
S3., after completing fermentation number of days as requested, the upper strata grid making to quantify feed bin top is overlapping with lower floor grid, and material is evenly fallen and quantified in feed bin, and material existence quantifies in feed bin;
S4. connect Turnover Box and quantify feed bin, make the turnover panel quantifying feed bin forward vertical direction to, material drains into Turnover Box from quantifying feed bin;
S5. feed bin uniform discharge every day is quantified described in, working bin every day is to uniform distribution in fermentation cabin, in described fermentation cabin, material is according to having fermented one day, two days, three days ... the layering of the fermentation such as .. different number of days is banked up, and the amount of discharging every day is suitable with the amount of charging, and fermentation maintains continuously;
S6. after Turnover Box is completely expected, the carrying of this Turnover Box is left, and changes the charging of another Turnover Box.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Fermentation unit is divided into three main standardization effort structures by the present invention, make each several part work structuring function very clear, influencing each other of each several part significantly reduces, such as when certain part of working bin or structure break down, the connection of working bin and fermentation cabin can be removed, working bin entirety is removed (separately doing maintenance examination), replace another working bin upper at once, connect fermentation cabin, work on; Other parts the like, realize the standardized work of fermentation equipment, simply, level of automation is high for maintenance of the equipment and standardized production, is convenient to batch production and batch running.Meanwhile, whipping appts and distribution device are achieved omnibearing moving cloth and stirring by the setting of guide rail and movable stand by the present invention, and machine once moves, can the function such as omnibearing realization stirring, ventilation, cloth.
Fermenting process of the present invention carries out at the environment of sealing thermal insulation, is easy to control fermentation condition, makes to ferment to be undertaken by the fermentation parameter of setting completely, and ferment effect is good.
Apparatus of the present invention associativity is good, can organize equipment work in combination more and not increase operator, overhead charges
Low low with production cost.
Based on the present invention, a kind of brand-new fermentative production mode can be realized, because device structure is easy to control to send out
The various conditions of ferment, follow the fermentation mode of standard under making the environment of fermentation standard, the foundation not being only the equipment of fermentative production brings the improvement of new breakthrough, also for the maintenance of equipment, the storage of leavened prod and transport bring tremendous influence.
In sum, fermentation unit is divided into the working bin of clear function, fermentation cabin, quantifies feed bin three part by the present invention, the standardized fermentation system of construction, control quantifies feed bin quantitative discharging every day, according to the quantitative criterion of discharging, working bin is to equal and quantitative cloth in fermentation cabin, and realize controlling quantitative cloth by controlling quantitative discharging, fermentation cabin realizes the layering fermentation of container-type.Discharging adopts Turnover Box, and the Turnover Box after full material is warehousing storage and the transportation means of leavened prod.Apparatus of the present invention associativity is good, equipment work in combination can be organized more and do not increase too much operator, overhead charges are low and production cost is lower, standardising equipment is adopted to ensure that the simple easy control of maintenance of the equipment and fermentative production, level of automation is high, be convenient to batch production and batch running, realize the normalizing operation of zymotechnique, thus ensure that the storage of the product after fermentation and product and transport operation also realize stdn.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 fermentation system structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 working bin structural representation of the present invention (stirring of mobile working frame and mobile setting and distribution device).
Fig. 3 working bin structural representation of the present invention (mobile working frame and the stirring be fixedly installed and distribution device).
1-working bin, 2-fermentation cabin, 3-quantifies feed bin, 31-upper strata screen, 32-lower floor screen, 33-turnover panel, 4-stirring-type ventilator, 41-paddle, 42-central siphon, 5-filling tube, 6-inlet pipe, 7-fermented product, 8-inlet system, 9-vapor pipe, 10-distribution device, 11-guide rail, 12-movable stand, 13-charging machine, 14-air exhauster.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.Following provided schematic figures of the present invention and embodiment and explanation thereof are for explaining the present invention, do not form and scope of the present invention is limited, embodiment is comparatively typical embodiment, other embodiments done based on design philosophy of the present invention can not repeat one by one at this, but therefore do not limit scope of the present invention, the routine that those skilled in the art do based on inventive concept should be considered as the scope of the invention with simple replacement.
embodiment 1the structure of fermentation unit
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of solid-state fermentation installation, comprises working bin 1, fermentation cabin 2, quantifies feed bin 3, described working bin 1, fermentation cabin 2, quantifies feed bin 3 by removably connecting to form fermentation equipment; Described working bin 1, fermentation cabin 2, quantify feed bin 3 and be respectively independently chamber structure, after the outside in three storehouses connects, form outside seal, fermenting space that inside can communicate.When some chamber structures break down time, this whole chamber structure can be removed remove and keep in repair, replace a new alternative corresponding chamber structure, continued follow-up fermentation work, unlikelyly cause because keep in repair the damp production that causes, the continuing of impact fermentation carries out smoothly.
Described working bin is connected with inlet pipe 6, vapor pipe 9 and filling tube 5, and it is provided with guide rail 11 and movable stand 12, movable stand is provided with whipping appts 4 and distribution device 10; One end of described inlet pipe 6 is communicated with described whipping appts 4; Described filling tube 5 is communicated with described distribution device 10; The fermented product 7 that the stirring end of described whipping appts puts in fermentation cabin 2 pairs of fermentation cabin 2 stirs.
As shown in Figure 2, described working bin (or X-direction) can install 2 guide rails 11 along its length, and described movable stand 12 to be set up between two guide rails 11 and to move back and forth along working bin length direction (or X-direction) through guide rail 11.In like manner, described working bin also can install 2 guide rails in (or Y-direction) in the width direction, and described movable stand to be set up between two guide rails and to move back and forth (figure slightly, can with reference to accompanying drawing 2) through guide rail along working bin width (or Y-direction).
Described whipping appts is arranged at movable stand, one of its preferred version moves to arrange a whipping appts: described whipping appts is arranged on movable stand and also can moves back and forth along the direction perpendicular with guide rail on movable stand, in conjunction with movable stand moving back and forth along guide rail direction, realize the uniform stirring of both direction; As shown in Figure 2, the both sides of the bottom of working bin 1 (X-direction) are along its length equipped with guide rail 11 respectively, and guide rail 11 is added is provided with movable stand 12, and movable stand 12 can to-and-fro movement on guide rail 11; Described movable stand 12 is provided with a distribution device and a whipping appts, and described distribution device and whipping appts can move along the direction perpendicular with guide rail and reciprocating on movable stand 12.Described whipping appts is stirring-type ventilator 4, and the bottom of stirring-type ventilator 4 puts in fermentation cabin 2, carries out oxygenation ventilation and subsidiary stirring to fermented product 7.
Two of its preferred version is fixedly installed several whipping apptss: described whipping appts is several, several whipping apptss described are evenly arranged on movable stand, several whipping apptss stir simultaneously, along with movable stand moving back and forth along guide rail, realize stirring equably.Several whipping apptss described are preferably more than 2 or 2.As shown in Figure 3.
In like manner, described distribution device is arranged at movable stand, one of its preferred version moves to arrange a distribution device: described distribution device is arranged on movable stand and also can moves back and forth along the direction perpendicular with guide rail on movable stand, in conjunction with movable stand moving back and forth along guide rail direction, realize the uniform distribution (shown in accompanying drawing 2) of both direction; Two of its preferred version is fixedly installed several distribution devices: described distribution device is several, several distribution devices described are evenly arranged on movable stand, several distribution devices are cloth simultaneously, along with movable stand moving back and forth along guide rail, realizes cloth equably.Several distribution devices described are preferably more than 2 or 2 (shown in accompanying drawings 3).
The plan of establishment of whipping appts and distribution device can be applied by different combinations.Such as, movement arranges a whipping appts combination movement and arranges a distribution device, and distribution device can be arranged at the side on whipping appts (top), it is with whipping appts movement jointly, make cloth under the movement of distribution device and whipping appts carry out ventilating the dual function that stirs, material very equably cloth on fermentation cabin upper strata; Or movement arranges a whipping appts combination and is fixedly installed several distribution devices; Or, be fixedly installed several whipping apptss combination movement and a distribution device be set; Or, be fixedly installed the combination of several whipping apptss and be fixedly installed several distribution devices, etc.
On technique scheme basis, described working bin is integrated with the functions such as stirring and cloth, and machine once moves, can the function such as omnibearing realization stirring and cloth.If described whipping appts adopts ventilation whipping appts, machine once moves, can the function such as omnibearing realization stirring, ventilation, cloth.
The top of described fermentation cabin 2 is communicated with working bin 1, and the bottom of fermentation cabin 2 is for quantifying the top of feed bin 3;
The described top quantifying feed bin 3 arranges the first discharging structure, is the bottom of fermentation cabin 2 when described first discharging structure is in closing condition, and when described first discharging structure is in open mode, the material of fermentation cabin falls into and quantifies feed bin 3; The described bottom quantifying feed bin 3 arranges the second discharging structure, is the bottom quantifying feed bin 3 when described second discharging structure is in closing condition, and when described second discharging structure is in open mode, material is discharged from quantifying feed bin 3.
Described first discharging structure comprises upper strata grid and lower floor's grid, described upper strata grid is some blocks of upper strata screens 31, lower floor's grid is the lower floor screen 32 corresponding with some blocks, upper strata screen, lower floor's grating position is fixed, and upper strata grid 31 pulls (power that such as hydraulic power unit provides) to complete its dislocation with lower floor screen 32 with overlapping by power; When upper strata screen 31 misplaces with corresponding lower floor's screen 32, material can not discharging, when upper strata screen 31 and corresponding lower floor's screen 32 overlapping time, material is evenly fallen and is quantified feed bin 3.
Further preferably, by controlling, described in quantify the upper strata grid on feed bin 3 top whole screens to pull together or part screen pulls, realize the requirement of different loads.
Described second discharging structure comprises some pieces of turnover panels 33, and during turnover panel 33 level, material existence quantifies feed bin 3 li, and when turnover panel 33 is turned to vertical direction, the material quantified in feed bin 3 is all discharged from quantifying feed bin 3.
Preferably, described turnover panel 33 is sandwich structure, and the centre of interlayer is filled out and is provided with lagging material.
Preferably, described whipping appts 4 is stirring-type ventilator, and the stirring end of described stirring-type ventilator comprises central siphon 42 and paddle 41, and described central siphon 42 is connected with described inlet pipe 6; Described central siphon 42 is with paddle 41 hollow structure communicated; Described paddle 41 is provided with air outlet opening, makes the oxygen in inlet pipe 6 can enter paddle 41 by hollow central siphon 42 and enters fermented product 7 through the air outlet opening of paddle 41 again, carries out air inlet oxygenation and subsidiary stirring to fermented product 7.Further preferably, the set-up mode of described air outlet opening is: rear portion opposite to the direction of rotation, has some air outlet openings along paddle 41 blade length direction, like this effectively can avoid the blocking of air outlet opening.
As preferably designing, described paddle 41 divides multilayer to arrange along central siphon 42 direction of stirring-type ventilator 4, realizes multi-level ventilation.
Described inlet pipe 6, filling tube 5 all adopt flexible pipe.
For making one-piece construction compacter and facilitating external exhaust system, described vapor pipe 9 is arranged at the top of working bin 1 by the present embodiment.
For ensureing the heat insulation effect of overall fermentation unit, described working bin 1, fermentation cabin 2, the shell quantifying feed bin 3 and turnover panel 33 all adopt lagging material to prepare.Further, can sandwich establishment be adopted and realize insulation at Sandwich filling lagging material.
embodiment 2the structure of fermentation system
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of fermentation system, comprises charging machine 13, inlet system 8 and exhaust system, also comprises Turnover Box (not indicating in figure) and the fermentation unit described in embodiment 1;
Described charging machine 13 connects the distribution device 10 of described fermentation unit by filling tube 5, and described inlet system 8 connects the whipping appts 4 of described fermentation unit by inlet pipe 6, and described exhaust system connects the vapor pipe 9 of described fermentation unit;
Described Turnover Box is the openable container-like structure in top, and its top is connected with the bottom adaptation quantifying feed bin 3 after opening.
Described vapor pipe is arranged at the top of described working bin, described exhaust system comprises air exhauster 14, is provided with the heat pump of vaporizer and condenser, described inlet system 8 comprises blower fan, described vapor pipe 9 is connected with air exhauster 14, described air exhauster 14 connects with the vaporizer of heat pump, and the condenser of described heat pump is connected with the blower fan of inlet system; Fermentation waste gas in fermentation unit drains into heat pump by vapor pipe 9 through air exhauster 14, discharges after the dehydration of vaporizer absorbing and cooling temperature.
Further preferably, described heat pump condenser is connected with the blower fan of inlet system 8, can, for entering the gas heating of fermentation cabin 2, make ferment more stable and take full advantage of thermal efficiency.
Material moisture after fermentation is low, granularity is little, for preventing dust pollution environment, this fermentation system is provided with Turnover Box, described Turnover Box is the container-like structure that top is opened, its top open after with quantify feed bin 3 adaptation and be connected to form the airtight space that communicates, when the turnover panel 33 quantifying feed bin 3 forwards vertical direction to, material is discharged from quantifying feed bin 3, be expelled to when airtight in Turnover Box, after Turnover Box is completely expected, FCL material just can be handled upside down and leave, change the charging of another one Turnover Box again, convenient, standard, easy to operate, do not need warehouse, do not need manually to load and unload material yet, avoid the environmental pollution in handling material process, Turnover Box simultaneously can as bin.
Described charging machine 13, inlet system 8 and exhaust system can refer to prior art and arrange.Preferably, described charging machine 13 adopts metered charge machine.
embodiment 3fermentation application
Based on fermentation unit of the present invention and fermentation system, the invention provides a kind of new fermentation manufacturing technique, be the layering fermentation process of container-type, comprise the following steps:
S1. connect working bin, fermentation cabin and quantify feed bin, building fermentation unit, and connecting charging machine, inlet system and exhaust system by filling tube, inlet pipe, vapor pipe, getting out Turnover Box, form fermentation system;
S2. fermentation conveniently requires to feed in raw material, and maintains fermentation at the environment of sealing thermal insulation;
S3., after completing fermentation number of days as requested, the upper strata grid making to quantify feed bin top is overlapping with lower floor grid, and material is evenly fallen and quantified in feed bin, and material existence quantifies in feed bin;
S4. connect Turnover Box and quantify feed bin, make the turnover panel quantifying feed bin forward vertical direction to, material drains into Turnover Box from quantifying feed bin;
S5. quantify feed bin uniform discharge every day described in, in described fermentation cabin, material is according to having fermented one day, two days, three days ... .. hierarchical is banked up to uniform distribution in fermentation cabin every day for working bin, and the amount of discharging every day is suitable with the amount of charging, and fermentation maintains continuously;
S6. after Turnover Box is completely expected, FCL material just can be handled upside down and leave, then changes the charging of another one Turnover Box.
The present embodiment illustrates the work of apparatus of the present invention and system for sludge fermentation mummification: during normal fermentation, working bin is connected with fermentation cabin, fermentation cabin with quantify feed bin and be connected, quantify feed bin and be connected with open top container, fermentation cabin is equipped with the mud fermented, working bin works, the movable stand of working bin along its length (Y-direction) moves back and forth, whipping appts moves back and forth on movable stand (X-direction), such whipping appts on working bin along X, Y-direction is reciprocating, whipping appts puts in fermentation cabin, stir while ventilate, make the sludge fermentation in fermentation cabin, owing to being the structure of sealing thermal insulation, the heat that fermentation produces is kept, and for evaporating the moisture of mud, the steam that fermentation produces and waste gas pass through vapor pipe, discharge through air exhauster, and after heat pump dehydration, safety dumping after deodorization again.Every morning starts the upper strata grid quantifying feed bin, as required the dewatered sludge quantitative discharging fermented, the charging machine of sludge fermentation is volume pump, according to load, volume pump connects the distribution device of fermentation unit by filling tube, and it is reciprocating along X, Y-direction on working bin that distribution device follows whipping appts, fresh sludge equably cloth on the upper strata of fermentation cabin, the 24 hours every days of the running automatically of stirring-type ventilation plant, sludge fermentation.Discharging, to the dewatered sludge quantifying feed bin, time suitable, starts the turnover panel quantifying the bottom of feed bin, the dewatered sludge fermented is dumped into freight container and stores.Pass through automatic control system, above-mentioned working process can every day automatic cycling operating and without the need to manual operation, mud all automatically completes from the whole process of charging, fermentation, mummification, discharging the environment of sealing, safety, environmental protection, automatically, operator can manage tens up to a hundred such unit.
Apparatus of the present invention associativity is good, equipment work in combination can be organized more and do not increase too much operator, overhead charges are low and production cost is lower, standardising equipment is adopted to ensure that the simple easy control of maintenance of the equipment and fermentative production, level of automation is high, be convenient to batch production and batch running, realize the normalizing operation of zymotechnique, thus ensure that the storage of the product after fermentation and product and transport operation also realize stdn.
Compared with the conventional method comparatively, the present invention adopts the freight container pattern (such as rectangular container) of standard, freight container is both as intermediate connecting part, again as fermentation cabin, storage warehouse, its upper and lower plates removes, top connects working bin, bottom connection quantifies feed bin, quantify feed bin to be connected with general open top container, with fast, No leakage, the mode of environmental protection, finished product is loaded in finished container, greatly solve storage and the transportation problem of the material fermented, because moisture is low, granularity is little, in discharging, conveying, the problem of airborne dust and the pollution to surrounding enviroment is produced in transportation, also solve needs and a large amount of warehouses storing is set, it also avoid the work of manually loading and unloading the material fermented.
From the angle of fermentation, owing to no matter being working bin, fermentation cabin, quantifying feed bin, all have employed the sandwich structure of insulation and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, the calorific loss of fermentation drops to minimum, and the heat of fermentation generation is all for transpiring moisture, and energy-saving effect is obvious;
From the angle of fermentation machine, working bin is integrated with the functions such as automatic stirring, ventilation, cloth, and machine once moves, and can realize the functions such as stirring, ventilation, uniform distribution.
From the angle quantifying feed bin, according to fermentation process of the present invention, upper strata uniform feeding every day in fermentation cabin, bottom uniform discharge every day, the some skies of middle indirect fermentation (different materials is different), in fermentation cabin in fact from top to bottom, fermented one day, two days, three days ... the fermentation materials such as .. have carried out layering, only has uniform discharge every day, ability uniform feeding every day, and, the amount of discharging is suitable with the amount of charging, fermentation is made to maintain continuously, therefore, the present invention is the maximum materials quantitative by the distance of structure design determination grid and turnover panel, the pass key control of quantitative and even discharging is realized by the dislocation of screen and Overlap design, realize the accurate control overflow of different loads.
Because the material moisture after fermentation is low, granularity is little, for preventing dust pollution environment, the present invention connects a freight container opening top quantifying under feed bin, material is stored in airtight middle discharging to freight container, and after freight container is completely expected, FCL material just can pull away storage.Change other freight container again, convenient, standard, easy to operate.
From the angle of Energy harvesting.Working bin, fermentation cabin or quantifying feed bin is all designed to sandwich structure, centre is filled with insulation material, at the top of working bin, air exhauster is housed, waste gas after fermentation is discharged by air exhauster, and is connected with thermal-pump unit, and waste gas is after the dehydration of heat pump absorbing and cooling temperature, discharge, heat pump air cooling system is connected with oxygenation blower fan simultaneously, heated the gas into fermentation cabin, makes ferment more stable and take full advantage of thermal efficiency.
Claims (10)
1. a solid-state fermentation installation for moving cloth, is characterized in that, comprising:
I. working bin;
II. fermentation cabin;
III. quantify feed bin;
Described working bin, fermentation cabin, quantify feed bin by removably connecting to form described fermentation equipment;
Described working bin arranges web member and connects inlet pipe, vapor pipe and filling tube respectively, and working bin is provided with movable stand, guide rail, whipping appts and distribution device, described working bin installing guide rail, and movable stand moves back and forth on guide rail; Described whipping appts and distribution device are arranged at movable stand;
The top of described fermentation cabin is communicated with working bin, and the stir shaft of described whipping appts puts in fermentation cabin, and the bottom connection of fermentation cabin quantifies feed bin;
The described top quantifying feed bin arranges the first discharging structure, is the bottom of fermentation cabin when described first discharging structure is in closing condition, and when described first discharging structure is in open mode, material is evenly fallen and quantified feed bin;
The described bottom quantifying feed bin arranges the second discharging structure, is the bottom quantifying feed bin when described second discharging structure is in closing condition, and when described second discharging structure is in open mode, material is discharged from quantifying feed bin.
2. the solid-state fermentation installation of moving cloth according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described whipping appts is arranged at movable stand and moves back and forth on movable stand along the direction perpendicular with guide rail on movable stand; Described distribution device is arranged at movable stand and moves back and forth on movable stand along the direction perpendicular with guide rail on movable stand.
3. the solid-state fermentation installation of moving cloth according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first discharging structure comprises upper strata grid and lower floor's grid, described upper strata grid is some blocks of upper strata screens, lower floor's grid is the lower floor screen corresponding with upper strata screen, lower floor's screen is fixed, and upper strata screen has pulled its dislocation with lower floor screen with overlapping by power; When upper strata screen misplaces with corresponding lower floor's screen, material can not discharging, and when upper strata screen is with when lower floor's screen is overlapping accordingly, material is evenly fallen and quantified feed bin; Described second discharging structure comprises some pieces of turnover panels, and during turnover panel level, material existence quantifies in feed bin, and when turnover panel forwards vertical direction to, material is discharged from quantifying feed bin.
4. the solid-state fermentation installation of moving cloth according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described turnover panel is sandwich structure, and the centre of interlayer is filled with lagging material.
5. the solid-state fermentation installation of moving cloth according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described whipping appts is stirring-type ventilator, and the stirring end of described stirring-type ventilator comprises central siphon and paddle, and described central siphon is connected with described inlet pipe; Described central siphon and paddle are the hollow structure communicated; Described paddle has some air outlet openings; Preferred described paddle divides multilayer or spiral setting along the central siphon direction of stirring-type ventilator.
6. the solid-state fermentation installation of moving cloth according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described distribution device is arranged at the side on whipping appts top and is connected and fixed with whipping appts.
7. the solid-state fermentation installation of moving cloth according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described working bin, fermentation cabin or quantify feed bin shell and be sandwich structure, fills out and establish lagging material in the middle of interlayer.
8. a fermentation system, comprises charging machine, inlet system and exhaust system, it is characterized in that, also comprises Turnover Box and the fermentation unit described in any one of claim 1 to 7;
Described charging machine connects the distribution device of described fermentation unit by filling tube, and described inlet system connects the whipping appts of described fermentation unit by inlet pipe, and described exhaust system connects the vapor pipe of described fermentation unit;
Described Turnover Box is the container-like structure that top is opened, its top open after with quantify that feed bin is adaptive to be connected.
9. fermentation system according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described exhaust system is arranged at the top of described working bin, described exhaust system comprises air exhauster, is provided with the heat pump of vaporizer and condenser, described inlet system comprises blower fan, described vapor pipe is connected with air exhauster, and described air exhauster connects with the vaporizer of heat pump, and the condenser of described heat pump is connected with the blower fan of inlet system; Fermentation waste gas in fermentation unit drains into heat pump by vapor pipe through air exhauster, discharges after the dehydration of vaporizer absorbing and cooling temperature.
10. a fermentation process, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1. connect working bin, fermentation cabin and quantify feed bin, build the fermentation unit described in any one of claim 1 to 7, and connect charging machine, inlet system and exhaust system by filling tube, inlet pipe, vapor pipe, get out Turnover Box, form the fermentation system described in claim 8 or 9;
S2. fermentation conveniently requires to feed in raw material, and maintains fermentation at the environment of sealing thermal insulation;
S3., after completing fermentation number of days as requested, the upper strata grid making to quantify feed bin top is overlapping with lower floor grid, and material is evenly fallen and quantified in feed bin, and material existence quantifies in feed bin;
S4. connect Turnover Box and quantify feed bin, make the turnover panel quantifying feed bin forward vertical direction to, material drains into Turnover Box from quantifying feed bin;
S5. quantify feed bin uniform discharge every day described in, working bin every day, in described fermentation cabin, material was banked up according to the layering of fermentation different number of days, and the amount of discharging every day is suitable with the amount of charging, and fermentation remains continuous to uniform distribution in fermentation cabin;
S6. after Turnover Box is completely expected, the carrying of this Turnover Box is left, and changes the charging of another Turnover Box.
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| CN105062876B (en) | 2018-04-06 |
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