CN105057825A - Vacuum brazing process of aluminum plate fin oil and water composite cooler - Google Patents

Vacuum brazing process of aluminum plate fin oil and water composite cooler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105057825A
CN105057825A CN201510476732.2A CN201510476732A CN105057825A CN 105057825 A CN105057825 A CN 105057825A CN 201510476732 A CN201510476732 A CN 201510476732A CN 105057825 A CN105057825 A CN 105057825A
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China
Prior art keywords
vacuum
insulation
cooler
stove
vacuum brazing
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CN201510476732.2A
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CN105057825B (en
Inventor
张剑波
张轩
杨显容
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Guizhou Yonghong Aviation Machinery Co Ltd
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Guizhou Yonghong Aviation Machinery Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/008Soldering within a furnace
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/0008Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/14Heat exchangers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a vacuum brazing process of an aluminum plate fin oil and water composite cooler, and belongs to the technical field of welding processes; and the vacuum brazing process comprises such steps as core placement and vacuum brazing. Cooler cores are arranged in a furnace cavity in a staggered manner, so that the temperature homogenization effect of parts in the furnace is improved; meanwhile, a temperature section of 150-200 DEG C is added for fully drying products to guarantee the vacuum degree in the furnace cavity so as to lay a favorable environment foundation for vacuum brazing of the product; and such temperature sections as 560-570 DEG C, 590-600 DEG C, 620-630 DEG C, 610-650 DEG C and 600-605 DEG C are arranged, so that the powerful guarantee is provided for high-temperature homogenization of the cores, the wetting, the spreading and the filling of brazing filler metal are facilitated, excellent brazing lines are formed, and the pass percent of the products is obviously improved.

Description

The vacuum brazing technique of a kind of aluminum plate wing oil, water composite cooler
Technical field
The invention belongs to welding technique field, relate to a kind of soldering processes, especially relate to the vacuum brazing technique of a kind of aluminum plate wing oil, water composite cooler.
Background technology
The aluminum plate wing oil that super thick is large, water composite cooler are mainly used in the fields such as heavily loaded express locomotive, Air Compressor Equipment, and market prospects are fine.Particularly in recent years, heavily loaded express locomotive, motor-car, the develop rapidly of large-scale air compressor machine industry, the aluminum plate wing large to super thick demand that is oily, water composite cooler is increasing, and vacuum brazing is the Main Means producing such cooler at present.The size of conventional diffusers structure is generally length × thick × height=200 ~ 1500mm × 30 ~ 180mm × 150 ~ 800mm, and the large aluminum plate wing oil of super thick, water composite cooler stock size is length × thick × height=1500 ~ 2000mm × 350 ~ 500mm × 600 ~ 900mm, for realize batch production, to super thick large aluminum plate wing oil, water composite cooler weld time enter stove mode and vacuum brazing technique parameter has particular/special requirement.
Due to China's starting late in this field, Technical comparing falls behind, conventional vacuum process for soldering and enter the cooler that stove mode cannot stably produce this structure in batches, and one-pass finished rate is less than 20%.Reason of searching to the bottom mainly lacks deeply the affecting laws of cooler solder joint Forming Quality vacuum brazing technique parameter, cooler core disposing way in vacuum drying oven, systematic research, therefore, disposing way in the appropriate process method of the solder joint of stable, high-quality and stove cannot be obtained, be difficult to mass-produce satisfactory super thick large aluminum plate wing oil, water composite cooler.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the invention provides the vacuum brazing technique of a kind of aluminum plate wing oil, water composite cooler, for limitation and the defect of existing aluminum plate wing radiator vacuum brazing process, rationally brazing process variables is set, increase substantially the quality of product vacuum brazing weld seam, improve the one-pass finished rate of product.
The present invention is achieved by following technical solution.
A vacuum brazing technique for aluminum plate wing oil, water composite cooler, comprises the steps:
(1) core body is put: misplaced in furnace chamber by cooler core and put, and product end surface dislocation distance is that X, X are not less than 150mm, and the spacing between two row product water cavities is that Y, Y are not less than 50mm;
(2) vacuum brazing:
A. in 20 ~ 30min, 150 ~ 200 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 60 ~ 90min, vacuum > 2.5 × 10 in stove -2;
B. in 30 ~ 40min, 380 ~ 400 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 70 ~ 100min, vacuum < 1.0 × 10 in stove -2;
C. in 40 ~ 50min, 500 ~ 530 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 90 ~ 120min, vacuum < 6.7 × 10 in stove -3;
D. in 20 ~ 30min, 560 ~ 570 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 90 ~ 120min, vacuum < 5.0 × 10 in stove -3;
E. in 10 ~ 15min, 590 ~ 600 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 20 ~ 40min, vacuum < 4.0 × 10 in stove -3;
F. in 10 ~ 15min, 620 ~ 630 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 30 ~ 50min, vacuum < 3.0 × 10 in stove -3);
G. in 5 ~ 10min, 610 ~ 615 DEG C are cooled to, insulation 20 ~ 40min, vacuum < 3.0 × 10 in stove -3);
H. power-off cooling, is cooled to 600 ~ 605 DEG C in 5 ~ 10min, and insulation 40 ~ 60min, now, product workpiece temperature reaches 596 ~ 600 DEG C, and vacuum brazing completes.
Described core body is put in step, and cooler core end surface dislocation distance X gets 150 ~ 300mm, and water cavity 203 side of two row's cooler cores 2 is put relatively, and the spacing Y between two drain chamber 203 gets 50 ~ 180mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The vacuum brazing technique of a kind of aluminum plate wing oil of the present invention, water composite cooler, 1. putting by being misplaced in stove by cooler core, part being heated in furnace chamber more balanced, improve brazing quality; 2. by adding 150-200 DEG C of temperature section and being incubated, fully dried by product, to ensure the vacuum in furnace chamber, good environmental basis has been established in the vacuum brazing for product; 3. be provided with 560-570 DEG C of temperature section, and require that vacuum reaches 4.0 × 10 -3, prevent the bad Product jointing position of vacuum condition to be again oxidized, affect the soldering strength of solder joint quality and product; 4. be provided with 590-600 DEG C of temperature section, for core body high-temperature samming provides powerful guarantee, be beneficial to solder wetting, sprawl and fill, thus form the solder joint of high-quality; 5. be provided with 620 ~ 630 DEG C, 610 ~ 615 DEG C, 600 ~ 605 DEG C temperature sections, weld in segmentation insulation welding temperature interval, make weld seam have good microstructure and weldquality, the qualification rate of product is improved significantly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the putting position schematic diagram of part in furnace chamber in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process curve figure of vacuum brazing in the present invention.
In figure: 1-furnace chamber, 2-cooler core, 201-oil pocket, 202-center-aisle, 203-water cavity.
Detailed description of the invention
Further describe technical scheme of the present invention below, but described in claimed scope is not limited to.Do not carry out the step described in detail in following embodiment, adopt conventional method to process.
Embodiment
A vacuum brazing technique for aluminum plate wing oil, water composite cooler, comprises the steps:
(1) fin is shaping, Cleaning of Parts, assembling parts are shaping;
(2) core body is put: as shown in Figure 1, because cooler core 2 is divided into oil pocket 201, water cavity 203, and oil pocket 201 and water cavity 203 liang of chamber thickness structures differ greatly, a center-aisle 202 is also had between oil pocket 201 and water cavity 203, samming will be kept during cooler core 2 soldering comparatively difficult, in order to improve cooler core 2 soldering uniform temperature, it need be misplaced in furnace chamber 1 and put, product end surface dislocation distance is X, X is not less than 150mm, spacing between two scheduling product water cavity windward sides is that Y, Y are not less than 50mm;
Described core body is put in step, and cooler core 2 end surface dislocation distance X gets 150 ~ 300mm, and water cavity 203 side of two row's cooler cores 2 is put relatively, and the spacing Y between two drain chamber 203 gets 50 ~ 180mm.
(3) vacuum brazing, as shown in Figure 2:
A. in 20 ~ 30min, 150 ~ 200 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 60 ~ 90min, vacuum > 2.5 × 10 in stove -2;
B. in 30 ~ 40min, 380 ~ 400 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 70 ~ 100min, vacuum < 1.0 × 10 in stove -2;
C. in 40 ~ 50min, 500 ~ 530 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 90 ~ 120min, vacuum < 6.7 × 10 in stove -3;
D. in 20 ~ 30min, 560 ~ 570 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 90 ~ 120min, vacuum < 5.0 × 10 in stove -3;
E. in 10 ~ 15min, 590 ~ 600 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 20 ~ 40min, vacuum < 4.0 × 10 in stove -3;
F. in 10 ~ 15min, 620 ~ 630 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 30 ~ 50min, vacuum < 3.0 × 10 in stove -3);
G. in 5 ~ 10min, 610 ~ 615 DEG C are cooled to, insulation 20 ~ 40min, vacuum < 3.0 × 10 in stove -3);
H. power-off cooling, is cooled to 600 ~ 605 DEG C in 5 ~ 10min, and insulation 40 ~ 60min, now, product workpiece temperature reaches 596 ~ 600 DEG C, and vacuum brazing completes.
Compared with conventional vacuum process for soldering, the parameter in this technique has following feature, contributes to improving solder joint quality, improves the braze-welded structure intensity of product:
1,150-200 DEG C of temperature section is added.Characteristic because of aluminum alloy materials easily secondary oxidation occurs at about 300 DEG C, if directly rise to 300-400 DEG C from room temperature in brazing process, product will raise along with temperature and volatilize steam, make atmosphere in vacuum furnace chamber 1 moist, more easily be oxidized, thus affect the vacuum of vacuum drying oven, affect the quality of vacuum brazing of product.Increase the insulation that 150-200 DEG C of temperature section carries out a period of time, its role is to product fully to dry, to ensure the vacuum in furnace chamber 1, good environmental basis is established in the vacuum brazing for product.
2,560-570 DEG C of temperature section is provided with, in this section of temperature retention time, vacuum level requirements 4.0 × 10 -3.Solidus temperature when this temperature section is just in time solder welding is interval, and solder rupture of membranes needs good vacuum condition, prevents the bad Product jointing position of vacuum condition to be again oxidized, affects the soldering strength of solder joint quality and product.
3,590-600 DEG C of temperature section is provided with.Because cooler core 2 is thick and large, high temperature uniform temperature comparatively conventional products is poor, and this temperature section just in time provides powerful guarantee for core body high-temperature samming, is beneficial to solder wetting, sprawls and fill, thus forms the solder joint of high-quality.
4,620 ~ 630 DEG C, 610 ~ 615 DEG C, 600 ~ 605 DEG C temperature sections are provided with, for brazing temperature is interval.Conventional welding temperature is 595 DEG C ~ 605 DEG C, due to the area of cooler and volume comparatively large, at conventional braze temperature, cooler is difficult at the insulation samming of weld zone the quality requirement reaching high strength weld seam, and temperature retention time is very long, and efficiency is low; Weld in the segmentation insulation welding temperature interval of 620 ~ 630 DEG C, 610 ~ 615 DEG C, 600 ~ 605 DEG C, weld seam can be made to have good microstructure and weldquality.
Experimental example one
For produce 5 batches totally 800 cover oil, water composite coolers, concrete content of the test and data as follows.
Experiment content: cooler is cleaned, put between constant temperature and humidity drying dry after completing cleaning, then carry out assembling, correcting, ensure each part height size all in the margin of tolerance, parts cleanliness meets the demands and between part within fit clearance 0.1mm, by the disposing way described in embodiment, cooler core 2 is put in furnace chamber 1, vacuum brazing is carried out by the technological parameter shown in table 1, the close testing inspection of the laggard promoting the circulation of qi of soldering, explosion bulge test detection and fatigue strength detect, and testing result is as shown in table 2, table 3, table 4.
Table 1 brazing conditions
Temperature section The lifting/lowering temperature time Temperature retention time Vacuum/Pa
150-200℃ 20min 60-70min (3.0-3.5)×10 -2
380-400℃ 30min 70-80min (8.0-9.0)×10 -3
500-530℃ 40min 110-120min (5.0-6.0)×10 -3
560-570℃ 30min 90-100min (3.0-4.0)×10 -3
590-600℃ 10min 20-30min (2.0-3.0)×10 -3
620-630℃ 15min 30-40min (1.0-2.0)×10 -3
610-615℃ 10min 20-30min 2.0×10 -3
600-605℃ 10min 50-60min 1.5×10 -3
Testing result is as follows:
Table 2 product leakage is tested
Batch Product quantity/cover Leak number/cover Passing number/cover Qualification rate
1 80 15 65 81.3%
2 110 20 90 81.8%
3 200 47 153 76.5%
4 150 30 120 80.0%
5 260 51 209 80.4%
Table 3 product burst strength sampling test
Batch Sample size/cover Burst strength (bar) (examination burst strength 10bar) Qualification rate
1 2 13.5、12.1 100%
2 1 12.7 100%
Table 4 product fatigue strength sampling test (frequency: 2Hz; Circulating pressure: 1.6MPa)
Batch Sample size/cover Fatigue strength (secondary) Qualification rate
1 1 1700000 100%
2 1 1900000 100%
From above-mentioned result of the test, this process is meeting product property indices (burst strength: 10bar completely, fatigue strength: 1000000 times) prerequisite under, the qualification rate of product can be brought up to more than 75% by original stablizing less than 20%, achieve good effect.
Experimental example two
For produce 5 batches totally 800 cover oil, water composite coolers, concrete content of the test and data as follows.
Experiment content is identical with test example one, carries out vacuum brazing by the technological parameter shown in table 5, and the close testing inspection of the laggard promoting the circulation of qi of soldering, explosion bulge test detection and fatigue strength detect, and testing result is as shown in table 6, table 7, table 8.
Table 5 brazing conditions
Temperature section The lifting/lowering temperature time Temperature retention time Vacuum/Pa
150-200℃ 30min 80-90min (4.0-4.5)×10 -2
380-400℃ 40min 90-100min (7.0-8.0)×10 -3
500-530℃ 50min 90-100min (4.0-5.0)×10 -3
560-570℃ 20min 110-120min (2.0-3.0)×10 -3
590-600℃ 15min 30-40min (1.0-2.0)×10 -3
620-630℃ 10min 35-45min (0.9-1.0)×10 -3
610-615℃ 5min 30-40min 2.0×10 -3
600-605℃ 5min 40-50min 1.5×10 -3
Testing result is as follows:
Table 6 product leakage is tested
Batch Product quantity/cover Leak number/cover Passing number/cover Qualification rate
1 80 10 70 87.5%
2 110 16 94 85.4%
3 200 40 160 80%
4 150 27 123 82%
5 260 50 210 81.2%
Table 7 product burst strength sampling test
Batch Sample size/cover Burst strength (bar) (examination burst strength 10bar) Qualification rate
1 2 13.7、12.4 100%
2 1 13.2 100%
Table 8 product fatigue strength sampling test (frequency: 2Hz; Circulating pressure: 1.6MPa)
Batch Sample size/cover Fatigue strength (secondary) Qualification rate
1 1 1800000 100%
2 1 2100000 100%
From above-mentioned result of the test, this process is meeting product property indices (burst strength: 10bar completely, fatigue strength: 1000000 times) prerequisite under, the qualification rate of product can be brought up to more than 80% by original stablizing less than 20%, achieve good effect.Adopt above vacuum brazing parameter to carry out product vacuum brazing, product quality of vacuum brazing is best, and solder joint burst strength and fatigue strength meet the design and use requirement of product completely.
Experimental example three
For produce 5 batches totally 800 cover oil, water composite coolers, concrete content of the test and data as follows.
Experiment content is identical with experimental example one, carries out vacuum brazing by the technological parameter shown in table 9, and the close testing inspection of the laggard promoting the circulation of qi of soldering, explosion bulge test detection and fatigue strength detect, and testing result is as shown in table 10, table 11, table 12.
Table 9 brazing conditions
Temperature section The lifting/lowering temperature time Temperature retention time Vacuum/Pa
150-200℃ 25min 70-80min (4.5-5.0)×10 -2
380-400℃ 35min 80-90min (6.0-7.0)×10 -3
500-530℃ 45min 100-110min (3.0-4.0)×10 -3
560-570℃ 25min 100-110min (1.0-2.0)×10 -3
590-600℃ 13min 30min (0.9-1.0)×10 -3
620-630℃ 13min 40min (8.0-9.0)×10 -4
610-615℃ 8min 30min 1.0×10 -3
600-605℃ 8min 50min 1.5×10 -3
Testing result is as follows:
Table 10 product leakage is tested
Batch Product quantity/cover Leak number/cover Passing number/cover Qualification rate
1 80 12 68 85.0%
2 110 20 90 81.8%
3 200 41 159 79.5%
4 150 32 118 78.7%
5 260 47 213 81.9%
Table 11 product burst strength sampling test
Batch Sample size/cover Burst strength (bar) (examination burst strength 10bar) Qualification rate
1 2 13.6、12.2 100%
2 1 12.9 100%
Table 12 product fatigue strength sampling test (frequency: 2Hz; Circulating pressure: 1.6MPa)
Batch Sample size/cover Fatigue strength (secondary) Qualification rate
1 1 1700000 100%
2 1 1900000 100%
From above-mentioned result of the test, this process is meeting product property indices (burst strength: 10bar completely, fatigue strength: 1000000 times) prerequisite under, the qualification rate of product can be brought up to more than 78% by original stablizing less than 20%, achieve good effect.

Claims (2)

1. a vacuum brazing technique for aluminum plate wing oil, water composite cooler, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) core body is put: misplaced in furnace chamber 1 by cooler core 2 and put, and product end surface dislocation distance is that X, X are not less than 150mm, and the spacing between two row product water cavities is that Y, Y are not less than 50mm;
(2) vacuum brazing:
A. in 20 ~ 30min, 150 ~ 200 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 60 ~ 90min, vacuum > 2.5 × 10 in stove -2;
B. in 30 ~ 40min, 380 ~ 400 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 70 ~ 100min, vacuum < 1.0 × 10 in stove -2;
C. in 40 ~ 50min, 500 ~ 530 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 90 ~ 120min, vacuum < 6.7 × 10 in stove -3;
D. in 20 ~ 30min, 560 ~ 570 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 90 ~ 120min, vacuum < 5.0 × 10 in stove -3;
E. in 10 ~ 15min, 590 ~ 600 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 20 ~ 40min, vacuum < 4.0 × 10 in stove -3;
F. in 10 ~ 15min, 620 ~ 630 DEG C are warming up to, insulation 30 ~ 50min, vacuum < 3.0 × 10 in stove -3);
G. in 5 ~ 10min, 610 ~ 615 DEG C are cooled to, insulation 20 ~ 40min, vacuum < 3.0 × 10 in stove -3);
H. power-off cooling, is cooled to 600 ~ 605 DEG C in 5 ~ 10min, and insulation 40 ~ 60min, now, product workpiece temperature reaches 596 ~ 600 DEG C, and vacuum brazing completes.
2. the vacuum brazing technique of a kind of aluminum plate wing oil according to claim 1, water composite cooler, it is characterized in that: described core body is put in step, cooler core 2 end surface dislocation distance X gets 150 ~ 300mm, water cavity 203 side of two row's cooler cores 2 is put relatively, and the spacing Y between two drain chamber 203 gets 50 ~ 180mm.
CN201510476732.2A 2015-08-06 2015-08-06 A kind of aluminum plate wing oil, the vacuum brazing technique of water composite cooler Active CN105057825B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114147307A (en) * 2021-11-14 2022-03-08 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 Vacuum brazing process for ATR cabinet
CN116890147A (en) * 2023-09-11 2023-10-17 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Manufacturing method and production system of plate heat exchanger

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH091323A (en) * 1995-06-19 1997-01-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Brazing method
CN1943973A (en) * 2006-11-07 2007-04-11 管保清 Method for producing aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger
CN102009241A (en) * 2010-12-24 2011-04-13 贵州永红航空机械有限责任公司 Vacuum brazing process of high-strength aluminum alloy plate fin radiator
CN102489812A (en) * 2011-12-12 2012-06-13 贵州永红航空机械有限责任公司 Vacuum brazing process for oil-water composite cooler
CN203700168U (en) * 2013-12-26 2014-07-09 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 Precision atmosphere-adjusting annealing furnace for large-size quartz glass

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH091323A (en) * 1995-06-19 1997-01-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Brazing method
CN1943973A (en) * 2006-11-07 2007-04-11 管保清 Method for producing aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger
CN102009241A (en) * 2010-12-24 2011-04-13 贵州永红航空机械有限责任公司 Vacuum brazing process of high-strength aluminum alloy plate fin radiator
CN102489812A (en) * 2011-12-12 2012-06-13 贵州永红航空机械有限责任公司 Vacuum brazing process for oil-water composite cooler
CN203700168U (en) * 2013-12-26 2014-07-09 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 Precision atmosphere-adjusting annealing furnace for large-size quartz glass

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114147307A (en) * 2021-11-14 2022-03-08 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 Vacuum brazing process for ATR cabinet
CN114147307B (en) * 2021-11-14 2023-01-17 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 Vacuum brazing process for ATR cabinet
CN116890147A (en) * 2023-09-11 2023-10-17 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Manufacturing method and production system of plate heat exchanger
CN116890147B (en) * 2023-09-11 2024-01-23 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Manufacturing method of plate heat exchanger and system for producing plate heat exchanger

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