CN105043976B - The experimental rig and test method of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion during a kind of dynamic measurement fretting fatigue - Google Patents
The experimental rig and test method of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion during a kind of dynamic measurement fretting fatigue Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Friction coefficient measurement component realizes the coefficient of friction between the fine motion pair that the fine motion section and fine motion pad of testpieces during fine motion operating mode and dynamically measurement fretting fatigue are cooperatively formed in the experimental rig of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion during dynamic measurement fretting fatigue of the invention, normal force charging assembly realizes the application of horizontal direction load, and upper end fixation kit realizes the fixation of testpieces and clamp body.The loading of fretting fatigue testing horizontal direction realizes that loading system uses seal force system frame structure using hydraulic system, and hydraulic cylinder piston rod promotes fine motion pad clamping slider to be moved in clamp body chute.Friction coefficient measurement component is fixed on the fixation kit of upper end by pin, on vertical direction, friction coefficient measurement component is in addition to by self gravitation and hydraulic cylinder gravity, only it is put to the test between part and fine motion pad due to the frictional force of oligodynamics generation,, just can the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion during dynamic monitoring fretting fatigue testing after being demarcated to it by pasting foil gauge in clamp body active section.
Description
Technical field：
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental rig of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion during dynamic measurement fretting fatigue and experiment side
Method, it belongs to material and structural member life appraisal experimental technique field.
Background technology：
Aero-engine is the heart of aircraft, complicated, and sizable a part of parts all have fretting fatigue, its
In some to be key component, such as compressor and the turbine disk couple with blade, connection of disk and axle etc., for the structure of some high life
Part, due to the influence of fretting fatigue, the life-span can decline more than 30%, if being underestimated to this phenomenon, it is possible to as accident production
Raw root.Fretting fatigue belongs to contact problems, and the principal element in influence fretting fatigue life-span has：Slide amplitude, contact,
Load frequency, gaseous environment and humidity, outer load size and type, Frotteurism etc..If coefficient of friction is zero, fine motion surface does not have
There is the transmission of frictional force, also just without fretting damage, it is sufficient to seem influence of the Frotteurism to the fretting fatigue life-span huge.Micro-
In dynamic fatigue life prediction, other major influence factors are by the concern and research of numerous scholars, but its Frotteurism all assumes
Its holding is constant, but during whole fretting fatigue, its Frotteurism changes.So to fretting fatigue process
The secondary coefficient of friction of middle fine motion, which is measured, can more accurately predict the fretting fatigue life-span, significant.
More difficulty is measured to fine motion pair coefficient of friction during fretting fatigue, the technology of three aspects is primarily due to
Problem：
(1) fretting fatigue is non-proportional loading problem, and conventional friction coefficient measurement instrument is such as：Ball disk-type friction is secondary, reciprocal
Formula friction pair can not provide fretting fatigue operating mode, can only measure the coefficient of friction between Conventional contact pair.
(2) in order to obtain the size and its situation of change of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion during fretting fatigue, it is necessary to whole right
It is monitored, and this measurement for requiring coefficient of friction and fretting fatigue testing are carried out and whole record simultaneously, and this point implements tool
It is difficult.
(3) in order to ensure the validity of data measured, it is necessary to assure surveyed while fretting fatigue testing is carried out
Measure and fretting fatigue operating mode can not be influenceed, the collection of frictional force can not be disturbed in turn.
In the prior art, the Biaxial Fatigue machine just involved great expense at last can not all meet requirements above, existing
Single shaft fatigue testing machine is coordinated to carry out the loading device of fretting fatigue testing, it is use stress ring structure more, loaded by bolt, but
Screw thread loading scheme driving force is small, and is loosened in fatigue process because vibration is easily caused threaded connection, so as to cause loading
Normal force changes.In order to reduce experimentation cost and reach test objective, it is necessary to be rubbed for fine motion pair during fretting fatigue
The measurement for wiping coefficient carries out the design of clamping device.
The content of the invention：
The experimental rig of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion and experiment side during a kind of dynamic measurement fretting fatigue of present invention offer
Method, it coordinates common single shaft repeated tension and compression test machine, carries out biaxial loadings fretting fatigue testing, dynamic measurement fretting fatigue process
Coefficient of friction between middle testpieces and fine motion pad.
The present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：The experiment of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion during a kind of dynamic measurement fretting fatigue
Device, including friction coefficient measurement component, normal direction charging assembly and upper end fixation kit, wherein：
Friction coefficient measurement component include clamp body, M6 hold-down bolts, fine motion pad clamping slider, be fixed on fine motion pad clamping
Fine motion pad in sliding block and the first holddown plate and the second holddown plate being assemblied on fine motion pad clamping slider upper surface,
That the clamp body includes end disposed thereon and the first suspended portion and the second suspended portion that left and right is separated at intervals, from first
The lower end of suspended portion and the lower end of the second suspended portion extend the first working portion and the second work of formation separately down
Make part, the support base below the first working portion and the second working portion and through support base upper and lower surface
Vertical direction extension and experiment is installed in groove between the first working portion and the second working portion, the groove
Part, the support base includes being located at a groove left side on stage portion and the installation portion on stage portion upper surface, the installation portion
Right both sides are respectively equipped with a chute, the fine motion pad clamping slider be located in chute and can left and right move in the horizontal direction；
Normal direction charging assembly includes hydraulic cylinder, be welded in hydraulic cylinder together with flange, the hydraulic pressure that is arranged in hydraulic cylinder
Cylinder piston rod, flange pull bar and the M12 nuts that flange pull bar is fixed on flange, the end of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod is prolonged
Stretch outside the flange and the end of hydraulic cylinder piston rod is resisted against on fine motion pad clamping slider to provide normal load, the method
Blue lower surface is supported in stage portion；
Upper end fixation kit includes tuning fork, pin and M14 nuts, and the pin is arranged in tuning fork, upper fixture body and experiment
Tuning fork, upper fixture body and testpieces are installed on together by the M14 nuts after part.
Further, being pasted with respectively on the symmetrical front and rear sides face of the first working portion and the second working portion should
Become piece.
Further, one is offered to observe the testpieces being arranged in groove on the preceding surface of the support base
Whether observation window that crackle occur is had.
Further, the position on the right side of the first suspended portion is located on the installation portion and on the left of the second suspended portion
Position be respectively formed with the screwed hole being engaged with M6 hold-down bolts of two fore-and-aft directions arrangement.
Further, the neck for fixing fine motion pad is offered on the fine motion pad clamping slider.
Further, it is respectively formed with a circular hole in first suspended portion and the second suspended portion.
Further, the tuning fork includes gripping section and the linkage section below gripping section, and the linkage section includes
The first linkage section and the second linkage section being separated at intervals, a perforation is respectively formed with the first linkage section and the second linkage section,
The testpieces includes connecting portion and the fine motion section below connecting portion, is formed with a perforate on connecting portion, the perforation,
Circular hole and perforate are aligned in left and right, and the pin is arranged in after perforation, circular hole and perforate to be carried tightly by M14 nuts.
The present invention is also adopted the following technical scheme that：The examination of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion during a kind of dynamic measurement fretting fatigue
The test method of experiment device, it comprises the following steps：
(a) strain is pasted respectively on the symmetrical front and rear sides face of the first working portion and the second working portion of clamp body
Piece, and access deformeter, for measuring the deformation of active section generation, by pin and M14 nuts by tuning fork, clamp body and experiment
Part is installed on together, and the upper end of tuning fork and fatigue tester upper grip are connected as a single entity；
(b) the fine motion pad clamping slider that will be equipped with fine motion pad is filled in the left and right chute of clamp body in the horizontal direction, left and right
One is respectively symmetrically filled in, flange is positioned in the stage portion of clamp body, flange pull bar is connected on flange by M12 nuts；
(c) position of fatigue tester entablature is adjusted so that testpieces lower end is fallen into fatigue tester lower chuck, first
Fatigue tester load sensor is reset, then initial load caused by elimination loading device weight itself presss from both sides lower chuck
The lower end of tight testpieces, load control mode is set as by testing machine control program, applies initial load but less than fatigue load
Minimum value；
(d) pressure regulator valve of slow regulation horizontal direction hydraulic cylinder, makes hydraulic cylinder piston rod slowly stretch out and is compacted to fine motion
Pad on clamping slider, make two fine motion pad clamping sliders simultaneously to central motion, until being installed in fine motion pad clamping slider
Fine motion pad is supported to the both sides for testing part, is observed precision pressure meter reading, is gradually increased pressure, until predetermined load value；
(e) after normal load application terminates, the first holddown plate and the second holddown plate are assembled by M6 hold-down bolts
Onto clamp body, the upper surface of the fine motion pad clamping slider of the left and right sides is compressed；
(f) Control experiment machine servo actuator, moves downward fatigue tester piston, applies initial draw to testpieces
Power, observes load sensor reading, stops during the average for being loaded onto fatigue load, the fatigue program of Control experiment machine control program
Module, sets the average and amplitude of fatigue load, proceeds by fretting fatigue testing；
(g) by the first holddown plate and the second holddown plate fine motion pad is connected as a single entity with clamp body, due to experiment
The up and down motion of machine piston, causes testpieces to move up and down, and is produced between the contact surface of testpieces and fine motion pad relative by a small margin
Sliding, after certain cycle-index, you can fretting fatigue cracks occur, starts after experiment, and deformeter record is due to examination
Test between part and fine motion pad and strained caused by frictional force, rower is entered to the working portion of clamp body first and the second working portion in advance
Fixed, the strain size that just can be recorded according to deformeter is calculated in corresponding frictional force size, process of the test, and horizontal direction load is big
It is small to keep constant, the size of fine motion pair coefficient of friction in fretting fatigue experimentation can be calculated by Coulomb friction law.
The present invention has the advantages that：
(1) present invention can carry out fretting fatigue testing under the cooperation of single shaft repeated tension and compression test machine, it is not necessary to draw again
Enter biaxial fatigue test machine, reduce experimentation cost；
(2) fastened after holddown plate and fine motion pad clamping slider upper surface interference fit by 4 M6 hexagon socket head cap screw,
Stress raisers caused by preventing the toppling in the horizontal direction of fine motion pad in process of the test, improve result of the test can
By property；
(3) horizontal direction hydraulic loading system is used without external force output in seal force system frame structure, horizontal direction, will not
The loading of the fatigue tester of vertical direction is had influence on, the normal direction pretightning force of horizontal direction applies real using hydraulic loading system
Existing, hydraulic loaded, which can be provided, stablizes lasting load, and bigger driving force can be provided than plain bolt loading, and in fatigue process
Due to vibration imposed load will not be caused to change；
(4) clamp body not only provides fine motion operating mode, also active section, can be by way of pasting foil gauge measuring strain
Measure during fretting fatigue due to microstrain caused by frictional force between testpieces and fine motion pad, and then draw frictional force, calculate
Go out coefficient of friction, implementation is simple and easy to apply, and cost is low；
(5) recorded by deformeter whole process, the present invention can monitor whole fretting fatigue testing process from start to end
The size and its situation of change of middle coefficient of friction, the measurement of coefficient of friction and fretting fatigue testing are carried out simultaneously, and result of the test can
Lean on, be more accurately to predict that the fretting fatigue life-span provides safeguard.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 ties for the overall assembling of the experimental rig of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion during the dynamic measurement fretting fatigue of the present invention
Structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the experimental rig that the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion during fretting fatigue is dynamically measured shown in Fig. 1 front and rear symmetrical
The sectional view in face.
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of tuning fork.
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of clamp body.
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of sliding block.
Fig. 6 is the structure chart of hydraulic cylinder.
Fig. 7 is the structure chart of fine motion pad.
Fig. 8 is the structure chart of testpieces.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram for the normal force hydraulic system being connected with normal direction charging assembly.
Figure 10 is T-shaped element structure figure.
Figure 11 is that fixture demarcates assembly structure figure.
Wherein：
1- friction coefficient measurement components；2- normal direction charging assemblies；3- upper ends fixation kit；11- clamp bodies；12- first is pressed
Tight cover plate；The holddown plates of 13- second；14-M6 hold-down bolts；15- fine motion pad clamping sliders；16- fine motion pads；110- first is hung
Part；The working portions of 111- first；112- chutes；113- support bases；1130- stage portions；1131- installation portions；114- grooves；
115- observation windows；116- screwed holes；The suspended portions of 117- second；The working portions of 118- second；2- normal direction charging assemblies；21- liquid
Cylinder pressure；210- first hydraulic cylinders；211- second hydraulic cylinders；22- flange pull bars；23-M12 nuts；24- hydraulic cylinder piston rods；
240- first hydraulic cylinder piston rods；241- second hydraulic cylinder piston rods；25- flanges；250- first flanges；251- second flanges；
31- tuning forks；310- gripping sections；311- linkage sections；The linkage sections of 3110- first；The linkage sections of 3111- second；3112- perforates；32- sells
Nail；33-M14 nuts；34- testpieces；341- connecting portions；340- fine motions section；342- perforates.
Embodiment：
It refer to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 8, the experiment dress of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion during present invention dynamic measurement fretting fatigue
Put including friction coefficient measurement component 1, normal direction charging assembly 2 and upper end fixation kit 3.
Friction coefficient measurement component 1 includes clamp body 11, the first holddown plate 12 and second being installed on clamp body 11
Holddown plate 13, M6 hold-down bolts 14, fine motion pad clamping slider 15 and fine motion pad 16.Wherein clamp body 11 includes end disposed thereon
The first suspended portion 110 and the second suspended portion 117 hold and that left and right is separated at intervals, the lower end from the first suspended portion 110
The lower end of end and the second suspended portion 117 extends the first working portion 111 and the second working portion of formation separately down
118th, positioned at the support base 113 of the first working portion 111 and the lower section of the second working portion 118 and through support base
The vertical direction extension of 113 upper and lower surfaces and the groove 114 being located between the first working portion 111 and the second working portion 118.
A circular hole is respectively formed with the first suspended portion 110 and the second suspended portion 117.By in the He of the first working portion 111
Foil gauge is pasted on second working portion 118, clamp body 11 is demarcated before experiment, you can correspondence is calculated by straining size
Frictional force size.Support base 113 includes stage portion 1130 and the installation portion 1131 on the upper surface of stage portion 1130,
A chute 112 is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side positioned at groove 114 on installation portion 1131, fine motion pad clamping slider 15 is located at chute 112
In and can left and right horizontal direction motion, wherein left and right chute 12 is symmetric along axis, bottom in same level position,
Ensure the symmetry of experiment loading.An observation window 115 is offered on the preceding surface of support base 113, passes through the observation window
Whether the testpieces 34 that 115 observations are arranged in groove 114 has crackle appearance.It is located at the first suspended portion on installation portion 1131
The position and the position on the left of the second suspended portion 117 on 110 right sides are respectively formed with the screw thread of two fore-and-aft directions arrangements
The neck 150 for fixing fine motion pad 16, the first holddown plate 12 and second are offered on hole 116, fine motion pad clamping slider 15
Holddown plate 13 is prevented with being fastened after the upper surface interference fit of fine motion pad clamping slider 15 by 4 M6 hexagon socket head cap screw
Fine motion pad 16 is toppled in the horizontal direction in experimentation, and the first holddown plate 12 and the second holddown plate 13 are loaded in normal load
Go to be compressed on just assembling after to default operating mode, it is ensured that horizontal direction load applies unaffected.
Normal direction charging assembly 2 includes hydraulic cylinder 21, flange pull bar 22, M12 nuts 23, hydraulic cylinder piston rod 24 and and liquid
The flange 25 that cylinder pressure 21 is welded as a whole.Hydraulic cylinder 21 includes the He of first hydraulic cylinder 210 positioned at the left and right sides of stage portion 1130
The right end of second hydraulic cylinder 211, wherein first hydraulic cylinder 210 and the left-end point of second hydraulic cylinder 211 are respectively welded first
Flange 250 and second flange 251, the lower surface of first flange 250 and the lower surface of second flange 251 are respectively supported at installation portion
In the stage portion 1130 of 1131 both sides.The first hydraulic cylinder that hydraulic cylinder piston rod 24 includes being arranged in first hydraulic cylinder 210 is lived
Stopper rod 240 and the second hydraulic cylinder piston rod 241 being arranged in second hydraulic cylinder 211, the wherein He of first hydraulic cylinder piston rod 240
The axis of second hydraulic cylinder piston rod 241 in the horizontal direction, and passes through testpieces 34 and the assembly center of fine motion pad 16.Flange is drawn
Bar 22 includes four be connected to by M12 nuts 23 in first flange 250 and second flange 251, wherein being drawn per root flange
Bar 22 wears and is connected in first flange 250 and second flange 251 simultaneously, and in the end of left and right two of every root flange pull bar 22
Screw respectively and a M12 nuts 23 are installed.Normal force is loaded by normal direction charging assembly 2 in the present invention, and it can be provided continually and steadily
Relatively large driving force, horizontal direction normal force is loaded onto fine motion pad clamping slider 15, and its reaction force is transferred to by hydraulic cylinder
Flange, is eventually transferred on four root flange pull bars, and a complete seal force system frame structure is constituted in the horizontal direction, without outer
Power is exported, and hydraulic pressure, by selecting special hydraulic cylinder, measurement is convenient.
Fig. 9 is referred to, the normal force hydraulic system of normal direction charging assembly 2 passes through remote pressure regulating valve, piloted reducer, three
The hydraulic lock control element that position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, superposition hydraulic control one-way valve and superposition one-way throttle valve are constituted is controlled,
It can ensure that A chambers oil pressure is stable in hydraulic cylinder 21, can externally provide continual and steady load, compared to conventional threads loading side
Formula, can overcome screw thread load driver power small, and vibration causes the phenomenon of threaded connection loosening load reduction in fatigue process.
When being loaded in the horizontal direction by normal direction charging assembly 2, in order to ensure that horizontal loading apparatus will not be to fixture
Body 11 produces the additional force in horizontal direction, and first flange 250 and second flange 251 are passed through into M12 using 4 root flange pull bars 22
Nut 23 is joined directly together, hydraulic cylinder 21, flange 25, hydraulic cylinder piston rod 24 and flange pull bar 22 be integrally formed one closing
Power system frame structure.Therefore, the first hydraulic cylinder 210 and second hydraulic cylinder 211 in whole seal force system frame structure are subject to
Horizontal thrust will be shared by four root flange pull bars 22, will be acted on per root flange pull bar two ends by equal-sized horizontal pull
And keeping poised state, it is ensured that the normal load that hydraulic cylinder is provided stably is applied on fine motion pad clamping slider 15, together
When in the horizontal direction without external force export.
Upper end fixation kit 3 includes tuning fork 31, pin 32, M14 nuts 33 and testpieces 34, and tuning fork 31 includes directly clamping
In the gripping section 310 on common single shaft fatigue testing machine upper grip and the linkage section 311 positioned at the lower section of gripping section 310, linkage section
311 include the first linkage section 3110 and the second linkage section 3111 being separated at intervals, in the first linkage section 3110 and the second connection
A perforation 3112 is respectively formed with section 3111.Testpieces 34 includes connecting portion 341 and positioned at the thinner of the lower section of connecting portion 341
Fine motion section 340, is formed with a perforate 342 on connecting portion 341.Testpieces 34 is arranged in groove 114 so that perforate 342, circle
Hole and perforation 3112 are aligned in the lateral direction, and the right-to-left of pin 32 is arranged in after perforation 3112, circular hole and perforate 342
Carried tightly by M14 nuts 33, and then tuning fork 31, clamp body 11 and testpieces 34 are carried tight in together.The gripping section 310 of tuning fork 31
Common single shaft fatigue testing machine upper grip is directly held on, can lift, be easy in reality with testing machine entablature in the vertical direction
It is assembled and disassembled or adjustment position during testing；The lower end of testpieces 34 is held on testing machine lower chuck.
It refer to shown in Fig. 1 to Figure 11, the experiment of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion during present invention dynamic measurement fretting fatigue
The test method of device, is comprised the following steps that：
(a) on the first working portion 111 of clamp body 11 and the symmetrical front and rear sides face of the second working portion 118 respectively
Foil gauge is pasted, and accesses deformeter, for measuring the deformation of active section generation, the gripping section 310 of tuning fork 31 is held on tired
On the upper grip of labor testing machine, the first suspended portion 110 and the second suspended portion 117 are positioned over the first linkage section 3110 and second
Between linkage section 3111, the right-to-left of pin 32 or (from left to right) are arranged in after tuning fork 31, clamp body 11 by M14 nuts
33 are tightened, and clamp body 11 is fixed on tuning fork 31 by pin 32, are connected as a single entity with testing machine upper grip, and can be with fatigue
Testing machine entablature is lifted, and the left and right chute in the horizontal direction of clamp body 11 will be passed through for the T1 sections of the T-shaped component of demarcation
In 112, the T2 sections of vertical grooves 114 via clamp body 11 are arranged in T1 sections and extend downwardly and be held under testing machine and press from both sides
On head, start fatigue tester, into static test, proportional loading, the registration and corresponding load value of 4 foil gauges of record,
Clamp body 11 is demarcated, calibration curve is obtained；
(b) T-shaped component is removed, fine motion pad 16 is put into the neck 150 of fine motion pad clamping slider 15 by assembling test part 34
It is interior, the left and right of clamp body 11 in the horizontal direction is then filled in the inward-facing fine motion pad clamping sliders 15 that will be equipped with fine motion pad 16 of F
It is symmetrical respectively to fill in one in chute 112, by the of the first flange 250 of first hydraulic cylinder 210 and second hydraulic cylinder 211
The symmetrical stage portion 1130 for being positioned over clamp body 11 of two flange 251, flange pull bar 22 is connected to first by M12 nuts 23
On flange 250 and second flange 251, it will be acted on per root flange pull bar two ends by equal-sized horizontal pull and keep balancing
State, it is ensured that the normal load that hydraulic cylinder is provided stably is applied on fine motion pad clamping slider 15, while in level side
Upwards without external force output；
(c) position of fatigue tester entablature is adjusted so that testpieces lower end is fallen into fatigue tester lower chuck, first
Fatigue tester load sensor is reset, then initial load caused by elimination loading device weight itself presss from both sides lower chuck
The lower end of tight testpieces, load control mode is set as by testing machine control program, applies initial load but less than fatigue load
Minimum value；
(d) pressure regulator valve of slow regulation horizontal direction hydraulic cylinder, makes the first hydraulic cylinder piston rod in first hydraulic cylinder 210
240 and second hydraulic cylinder 211 in second hydraulic cylinder piston rod 241 slowly stretch out and be compacted on fine motion pad clamping slider, make
Two fine motion pad clamping sliders are to central motion, until being installed on the fine motion pad in fine motion pad clamping slider is located at testpieces two
Side, as shown in Fig. 2 observation precision pressure meter reading, gradually increases pressure, until predetermined load value；
Step (d) is specific as follows：By hydraulic cylinder compression knob rotate to pressing position, make three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve with
The valve port that the A chambers of hydraulic cylinder 21 are connected is opened, and the oil inlet of hydraulic system is connected with A chambers, will while being superimposed hydraulic control one-way valve
Hydraulic system oil return opening is connected with hydraulic cylinder B chambers, such A chambers oil-feed, B chamber oil returns, and the Hui Xiang centers of hydraulic cylinder piston rod 24 are moved
Dynamic, the remote pressure regulating valve of slow regulation normal direction charging assembly controls the pressure of piloted reducer so that first hydraulic cylinder 210
Continue oil-filled with the A intracavitary of second hydraulic cylinder 211 and be pressurized, hydraulic cylinder piston rod 24 slowly stretches out and compresses fine motion pad clamping cunning
The outer face of block 15, examines the precision pressure meter reading connected with A chambers.As a result of three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve and
The superposing control element of hydraulic control one-way valve and superposition one-way throttle valve composition is superimposed, A cavity pressures oil is during pressurization
One-way flow, i.e., A cavity pressures are only increased when not commutating, so pressure regulation process must be slowly and uniform, until regulation to
Predetermined pressure, is kept for 1 to 2 minute, observes precision pressure meter reading, it is ensured that pressure keeps continual and steady.Due to using three four
Electric change valve and the combination for being superimposed hydraulic control one-way valve, the unidirectional oil-feed of A chambers in pressure process, the unidirectional oil return of B chambers, and superposition
Hydraulic control one-way valve can suppress the refluence of hydraulic oil, this ensures that the stabilization of A cavity pressures, will not be due to the interference of extraneous vibration
And cause A cavity pressures to fluctuate, it can guarantee that horizontal direction applies constant load.Being needed during horizontal direction hydraulic loaded will be folded
Plus one-way throttle valve regulation controls the movement velocity of hydraulic cylinder piston rod to as far as possible small, the horizontal left and right directions hydraulic cylinder of holding adds
Carry synchronous, it is ensured that hydraulic cylinder piston rod is moved to center at a same speed, left and right fine motion pad 16 is depressed into the fine motion of testpieces 34
Section 340.Horizontal direction first hydraulic cylinder 210 and second hydraulic cylinder 211 apply the reaction force produced during pressure loading, in
Between four root flange pull bars 22 offset, constitute seal force system frame structure.This loading system in the horizontal direction of clamp body 11 to not having
Have and only existed on active force, vertical direction due to the load that hydraulic cylinder weight itself is produced, this load passes through support base 113
Clamp body 11 is delivered to, testing machine upper grip is finally transmitted to, only need to be by load caused by weight before fatigue test starts
Sensor load reading is reset.
(e) normal load applies terminate after, by M6 hold-down bolts 14 by the first holddown plate 12 and the second holddown plate
13 are assembled on clamp body 11, compress the upper surface U of the fine motion pad clamping slider 15 of the left and right sides, prevent fine motion in process of the test
Pad is toppled over and then causes stress raisers in the horizontal direction；
(f) Control experiment machine servo actuator, moves downward fatigue tester piston, applies initial draw to testpieces
Power, observes load sensor reading, stops during the average for being loaded onto fatigue load；The fatigue program of Control experiment machine control program
Module, sets the average and amplitude of fatigue load, proceeds by fretting fatigue testing；
(g) as seen from Figure 2：The upper end of clamp body 11 is fixed, and is compressed by holddown plate so that fine motion pad and clamp body
11 are connected as a single entity, and due to the up and down motion of testing machine piston, cause testpieces to move up and down, the mating surface of testpieces and fine motion pad
Between produce Relative sliding by a small margin, i.e. fretting wear, after certain cycle-index, you can fretting fatigue cracks occur；Vertically
On direction, clamp body 11 is only put to the test between part and fine motion pad and produced by relative motion in addition to by self gravitation and hydraulic cylinder gravity
Raw frictional force, resets to deformeter when applying initial tensile force to fatigue load average to testpieces, can eliminate hydraulic cylinder
The influence of gravity and clamp body gravity to strain；Start after experiment, deformeter record be due to testpieces and fine motion pad it
Between strain caused by frictional force, clamp body the first working portion 111 and the second working portion 118 are demarcated in advance, just may be used
The strain size recorded according to deformeter is calculated in corresponding frictional force F sizes, process of the test, and horizontal direction magnitude of load P is protected
Hold constant, according to Coulomb friction law μ=F/P, just can calculate the size of fine motion pair friction coefficient μ in fretting fatigue experimentation
And its situation of change.
The bang path of vertical direction fatigue load is in fatigue process：
Testing machine applies drag load：When the servo actuator of testing machine is moved downward, downward pulling force is applied to lower chuck,
Load is delivered on pin 32 by testpieces 34, and pin 32 coordinates with tuning fork 31, and load is delivered to tuning fork 31 by mating surface,
And the upper grip of testing machine is delivered to by the gripping section 310 of tuning fork 31, upper grip is connected with load sensor, and is both secured to
It is locked in after crossbeam, entablature adjustment good position in testing machine or so two root posts, servo actuator, which is moved downward, to be caused
Drag load, finally offset by middle two root posts bear pressure, i.e., in fatigue process, seal force constituted on vertical direction
Architecture.
The upper end of friction coefficient measurement component 1 is hung on tuning fork 31 by pin 32, in process of the test, and tuning fork 31 is fixed on
Testing machine upper grip is remained stationary as, i.e. the upper end of friction coefficient measurement component 1 is fixed；Due to the up and down motion of testing machine piston, lead
Cause testpieces 34 to move up and down, Relative sliding by a small margin is produced between the mating surface of testpieces 34 and fine motion pad 16, produce mutual
The frictional force of effect, fine motion pad 16 is interference fitted with fine motion pad clamping slider 15, and frictional force is by mating surface by the table of fine motion pad 16
Face reaches fine motion pad clamping slider 15, is compressed by holddown plate so that fine motion pad clamping slider 15 is linked as one with clamp body 11
Body, i.e. frictional force reach clamp body 11 by fine motion pad clamping slider 15, and clamp body 11 uses suspension solutions, and only upper end is consolidated
It is fixed, then frictional force is just passed up to testing machine upper grip.The first working portion 111 and the second work are designed on clamp body 11
Make part 118, this section of size is thinner, frictional force effect under produce foil gauge can micrometer strain, by advance to first work
The working portion 118 of part 111 and second is demarcated, and can measure microstrain numerical values recited caused by frictional force and corresponding
The size F of frictional force.Because normal load P keeps constant, according to Coulomb friction law, it is real that μ=F/P just can calculate fretting fatigue
The size and its situation of change of coefficient of friction during testing.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, some improvement can also be made under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, and these improvement also should be regarded as the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (7)
1. the experimental rig of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion during a kind of dynamic measurement fretting fatigue, including friction coefficient measurement component
(1), normal direction charging assembly (2) and upper end fixation kit (3), it is characterised in that：
Friction coefficient measurement component (1) includes clamp body (11), M6 hold-down bolts (14), fine motion pad clamping slider (15), fixation
Fine motion pad (16) in fine motion pad clamping slider (15) and be assemblied on fine motion pad clamping slider (15) upper surface first
Holddown plate (12) and the second holddown plate (13), the clamp body (11) include end disposed thereon and left and right be separated at intervals
The first suspended portion (110) and the second suspended portion (117), from the lower end of the first suspended portion (110) and second hang
Partly the lower end of (117) extends the first working portion (111) and the second working portion (118) of formation, is located at separately down
Support base (113) below first working portion (111) and the second working portion (118) and through support base
(113) vertical direction of upper and lower surface extends and positioned at logical between the first working portion (111) and the second working portion (118)
Testpieces (34) is installed, the support base (113) includes stage portion (1130) and position in groove (114), the groove (114)
It is located at groove (114) left and right sides on installation portion (1131) on stage portion (1130) upper surface, the installation portion (1131)
Be respectively equipped with a chute (112), the fine motion pad clamping slider (15) be located in chute (112) and can left and right in the horizontal direction
Motion, first working portion (111) and the second working portion (118) are pasted with strain respectively on symmetrical front and rear sides face
Piece；
Normal direction charging assembly (2) includes hydraulic cylinder (21), be welded in hydraulic cylinder (21) together with flange (25), be arranged at hydraulic pressure
Hydraulic cylinder piston rod (24), flange pull bar (22) in cylinder (21) and flange pull bar (22) is fixed on flange (25)
M12 nuts (23), the end of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod (24) is extended beyond outside flange (25) and hydraulic cylinder piston rod (24)
End be resisted against on fine motion pad clamping slider (15) to provide normal load, the lower surface of the flange (25) is supported in step
In portion (1130)；
Upper end fixation kit (3) includes tuning fork (31), pin (32) and M14 nuts (33), and the pin (32) is arranged in tuning fork
(31), after upper fixture body (11) and testpieces (34) by the M14 nuts (33) by tuning fork (31), upper fixture body (11) and examination
Part (34) is tested to be installed on together.
2. the experimental rig of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion, its feature during dynamic measurement fretting fatigue as claimed in claim 1
It is：One is offered on the preceding surface of the support base (113) to observe the testpieces being arranged in groove (114)
(34) whether there is the observation window (115) that crackle occurs.
3. the experimental rig of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion, its feature during dynamic measurement fretting fatigue as claimed in claim 2
It is：On the installation portion (1131) be located at the first suspended portion (110) on the right side of position and positioned at the second suspended portion (117)
The position in left side is respectively formed with the screwed hole (116) being engaged with M6 hold-down bolts (14) of two fore-and-aft direction arrangements.
4. the experimental rig of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion, its feature during dynamic measurement fretting fatigue as claimed in claim 3
It is：The neck (150) for fixing fine motion pad (16) is offered on the fine motion pad clamping slider (15).
5. the experimental rig of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion, its feature during dynamic measurement fretting fatigue as claimed in claim 4
It is：A circular hole is respectively formed with first suspended portion (110) and the second suspended portion (117).
6. the experimental rig of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion, its feature during dynamic measurement fretting fatigue as claimed in claim 5
It is：The tuning fork (31) includes gripping section (310) and the linkage section (311) below gripping section (310), the linkage section
(311) include the first linkage section (3110) and the second linkage section (3111) being separated at intervals, in the first linkage section (3110) and
A perforation (3112) is respectively formed with second linkage section (3111), the testpieces (34) includes connecting portion (341) and is located at
Fine motion section (340) below connecting portion (341), is formed with a perforate (342) on connecting portion (341), the perforation (3112),
Circular hole and perforate (342) are aligned in left and right, and the pin (32) is arranged in after perforation (3112), circular hole and perforate (342)
Carried tightly by M14 nuts (33).
7. the examination of the experimental rig of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion during a kind of dynamic measurement fretting fatigue as claimed in claim 1
Proved recipe method, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps
(a) divide on the symmetrical front and rear sides face of the first working portion (111) and the second working portion (118) of clamp body (11)
Foil gauge is not pasted, and accesses deformeter, for measuring the deformation of active section generation, passes through pin (32) and M14 nuts (33)
Tuning fork (31), clamp body (11) and testpieces (34) are installed on together, by the upper end of tuning fork (31) and fatigue tester
Chuck is connected as a single entity；
(b) the fine motion pad clamping slider (15) that will be equipped with fine motion pad (16) fills in the left and right chute of clamp body (11) in the horizontal direction
(112) it is symmetrical respectively to fill in one in, flange (25) is positioned in the stage portion of clamp body (11) (1130), flange is drawn
Bar (22) is connected on flange (25) by M12 nuts (23)；
(c) position of fatigue tester entablature is adjusted so that testpieces (34) lower end is fallen into fatigue tester lower chuck, first
Fatigue tester load sensor is reset, then initial load caused by elimination loading device weight itself presss from both sides lower chuck
The lower end of tight testpieces, load control mode is set as by testing machine control program, applies initial load but less than fatigue load
Minimum value；
(d) pressure regulator valve of slow regulation horizontal direction hydraulic cylinder, makes hydraulic cylinder piston rod (24) slowly stretch out and be compacted to fine motion
Pad on clamping slider (15), make two fine motion pad clamping sliders (15) while to central motion, until being installed on the clamping of fine motion pad
Fine motion pad (16) in sliding block (15) is supported to the both sides of testpieces (34), is observed precision pressure meter reading, is gradually increased pressure, directly
To predetermined load value；
(e) normal load applies terminate after, by M6 hold-down bolts (14) by the first holddown plate (12) and the second holddown plate
(13) it is assembled on clamp body (11), compresses the upper surface of the fine motion pad clamping slider (15) of the left and right sides；
(f) Control experiment machine servo actuator, moves downward fatigue tester piston, applies initial draw to testpieces (34)
Power, observes load sensor reading, stops during the average for being loaded onto fatigue load, the fatigue program of Control experiment machine control program
Module, sets the average and amplitude of fatigue load, proceeds by fretting fatigue testing；
(g) fine motion pad (16) is caused to be linked as one with clamp body (11) by the first holddown plate (12) and the second holddown plate (13)
Body, due to the up and down motion of testing machine piston, causes testpieces (34) to move up and down, testpieces (34) connects with fine motion pad (16)
Relative sliding by a small margin is produced between contacting surface, after certain cycle-index, you can fretting fatigue cracks occur, is started after experiment,
Deformeter record is due to strain caused by frictional force between testpieces (34) and fine motion pad (16), in advance to clamp body the
One working portion (111) and the second working portion (118) are demarcated, and the strain size that just can be recorded according to deformeter is calculated pair
In the frictional force size answered, process of the test, horizontal direction magnitude of load keeps constant, can calculate micro- by Coulomb friction law
The size of the secondary coefficient of friction of fine motion during dynamic fatigue experiment.
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