CN105043741A - Bolt pre-tightening force degradation process real-time detection device considering high-temperature creep - Google Patents
Bolt pre-tightening force degradation process real-time detection device considering high-temperature creep Download PDFInfo
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- CN105043741A CN105043741A CN201510490884.8A CN201510490884A CN105043741A CN 105043741 A CN105043741 A CN 105043741A CN 201510490884 A CN201510490884 A CN 201510490884A CN 105043741 A CN105043741 A CN 105043741A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bolt pre-tightening force degradation process real-time detection device considering high-temperature creep. The detection device includes a pre-tightening force acquisition system (A), a bolt clamping connecting device system (B) and a heating system (C), wherein the three systems are connected with one another. The detection device has the advantages of low construction cost, small size, portable convenience and convenience in high temperature creep simulation under real conditions. With the bolt pre-tightening force degradation process real-time detection device adopted, a high temperature environment can be provided, so that a creep process of a bolt in a use process can be accurately simulated, and at the same time, the numerical value of a pre-tightening force can be acquired in real time and can be fed back to a computer. The detection device has a bright application prospect in the engineering material testing apparatus and equipment technical field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bolt pretightening degenerative process real-time detection apparatus considering high-temerature creep, belong to engineering material test instrument and equipment technology field.
Background technology
It is most widely used assembling mode on engineering goods that bolt connects, and in aeromotor, some important bolt connects has very important impact to the reliability of engine operation.In order to ensure the work that the rotor of High Rotation Speed is safe and reliable, during assembling, need adjustment bolt tightening moment to apply suitable axial pre tightening force.But in the engine rotor course of work, under the duty of pretightning force and high temperature, can there is creep in bolt.Creep is a kind of expendable plastic yield, and pretightning force can be caused after there is long-time creep to degenerate, and can produce comparatively serious impact, cause engine failure to the performance of structure.
In the Development and design stage, bolt creep process should be simulated, find pretightning force deterioration law.The technology of existing survey bolt creep is all utilize large-scale creep testing machine to test, but it is expensive, and volume ratio is huger, can only be placed on specific experimental enviroment, not portable.The enterprise that individual's test, small organization or creep testing machine number of applications are little cannot be applied to.Meanwhile, existing this technology cannot the pretightning force degraded data of Real-time Obtaining bolt.
Summary of the invention
(1) goal of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of bolt pretightening degenerative process real-time detection apparatus considering high-temerature creep.It is lower that this device builds expense, and small volume, be convenient for carrying, be convenient to the high-temerature creep under Reality simulation environment.Hot environment can be provided, the creep process of accurate simulation bolt use procedure.Simultaneously can the numerical value of Real-time Collection pretightning force, and feed back in computing machine.
(2) technical scheme
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of bolt pretightening degenerative process real-time detection apparatus considering high-temerature creep, and this pick-up unit comprises three system units, is respectively pretightning force acquisition system A, bolt clip stressed joint apparatus system B and heating system C.Three is connected with each other.
The pretightning force acquisition system A of this pick-up unit comprises radial pull pressure sensor a1, weighing-up wave amplifies converter b, recording instrument without paper c.Their relations are each other: radial pull pressure sensor a1 and weighing-up wave amplify converter b and be interconnected, and weighing-up wave amplifies converter b and recording instrument without paper c and is interconnected.The range of this radial pull pressure sensor a1 can be selected according to actual acquired data, and scope is between 200Kg ~ 30T, and marginal surface has 8 apertures to be used for fixing device, and centre bit is equipped with threaded hole and is used for fixing surveyed bolt n; This weighing-up wave amplifies converter b and is used for amplifying the signal of radial pull pressure sensor a1; The shortest numerical value that can record a pretightning force every 1s of this recording instrument without paper c.
The bolt clip stressed joint apparatus system B of this pick-up unit comprise radial pull pressure sensor a1, radial pull pressure sensor a2 in connecting screw rod d, pretightning force acquisition system A, coupling bolt matching nut e, the supporting pad f of coupling bolt, survey bolt matching nut g, survey bolt matching pad h.Their relations are each other: radial pull pressure sensor a1 and radial pull pressure sensor a2 is fixed on upper and lower two ends by coupling bolt matching nut e and the coupling bolt supporting pad f of 8 connecting screw rod d and correspondence, survey bolt matching nut g with survey bolt matching pad h and be used for fastening surveyed bolt n on radial pull pressure sensor surface.The range of this radial pull pressure sensor a1, a2 can be selected according to actual acquired data, and scope is between 200Kg ~ 30T, and marginal surface has 8 apertures to be used for fixing device, and centre bit is equipped with threaded hole and is used for fixing surveyed bolt n.Two sensor surfaces are parallel to each other; This connecting screw rod d, coupling bolt matching nut e, coupling bolt supporting pad f, survey bolt matching nut g, to survey bolt matching pad h be the commercial web member chosen as required.
The heating system C of this pick-up unit comprises rope type electric heater i, thermal insulation cotton j, temperature controller k, thermopair l, contactor m.Mutual relationship between them is: rope type electric heater i is connected m by higher temperature line with contactor and connects, and contactor m is by temperature controller k connection control.Thermopair l is connected by temperature controller k, and is fastened on surveyed bolt n surface by rope type electric heater i.Thermal insulation cotton j is wrapped in rope type electric heater i surface and carries out heat-insulation and heat-preservation.The heated length that this rope type electric heater i surveys screw rod according to actual institute selects input voltage, grows with restricting; This thermal insulation cotton j is alumina silicate fiber felt, and heat-insulation and heat-preservation insulate, and maximum operation (service) temperature can, to 1300 DEG C, in use need to cut out, and can be wrapped in rope type electric heater i surface, and Jacket thickness makes it within 8 connecting screw rod d; This temperature controller k belongs to intelligent programmable temperature controller, can arrange the heat time, firing rate, maximum temperature and controling parameters pid value; The temperature that the model of this thermopair l can heat as required is selected; This contactor m is used for coordinating temperature controller to carry out temperature control, and model can select concrete model according to the input voltage of rope type electric heater i, if its input voltage is not 220V alternating voltage, then needs adapted transformer transformation again.
Wherein, described the material surveying bolt n is consistent with the research object of reality, and its geomery can simplify according to the analysis of practical object.
Wherein, described bolt clamping connector B will select suitable clamp device according to the size of surveyed bolt n, performance, makes its distortion in test much smaller than the distortion of surveyed bolt n.
Wherein, described connecting screw rod d, coupling bolt matching nut e, the supporting pad f of coupling bolt are standard component, also can adjust according to actual conditions.Its material should select non-deformability to be not less than material in surveyed bolt n.The diameter of connecting screw rod d should be greater than the diameter of surveyed bolt n heated portion.8 this coupling bolt d, through 8 apertures at two chaptrel and spoke sensor surface edges, are used for fixing device, adjustable range.Survey bolt matching nut g, survey bolt matching pad h material with reference to the material in practical set.
During use, survey bolt n one end and be screwed in radial pull pressure sensor a1, the other end is through radial pull pressure sensor a2 and ensure institute to survey bolt matching nut g can be screwed onto radial pull pressure sensor a2 surperficial and connected by surveyed bolt matching pad h.Before tightening surveyed bolt matching nut g, need reset recording instrument without paper c, twist surveyed bolt matching nut g to required moment with torque spanner, obtain required pretightning force.By whole test unit with the periphery of radial pull pressure sensor a1 for placing at the end, test ambient temperature is 25 DEG C.According to the parameter of required heating condition set temperature controller k, control rope type electric heater i and heated at constant temperature is carried out to surveyed bolt n, and data of surveying are recorded by recording instrument without paper c, obtain the change curve of pretightning force after heating terminates, import computer analysis into.
(3) the present invention has the following advantages
1. pick-up unit of the present invention can demonstrate the creep situation of bolt under worst hot case, the degraded data of real time record pretightning force.
2. pick-up unit assembly and disassembly of the present invention are simple, and expense of building is lower, and small volume.Be convenient for carrying.All parts is all comparatively common device simultaneously, for ease of maintenaince changes, can reuse after off-test.
3. the firing equipment of pick-up unit of the present invention can carry out high-temperature heating to shorter screw rod, and can adjust according to different heated lengths.Be enclosed with one deck thermal insulation cotton in outside simultaneously, make the temperature of bolt there will not be fluctuation.
4., after pick-up unit of the present invention is installed and set, can automatically run according to predetermined heating curves, middle without the need to manual operation, automatically record desired data.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Detailed description by reference to the accompanying drawings and below, can be easier to understand preceding feature of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the bolt pretightening degenerative process real-time detection apparatus considering high-temerature creep.
Fig. 2 shows the pretightning force acquisition system A schematic diagram of the bolt pretightening degenerative process real-time detection apparatus considering high-temerature creep.
Fig. 3 shows the bolt clip stressed joint apparatus system B schematic diagram of the bolt pretightening degenerative process real-time detection apparatus considering high-temerature creep.
Fig. 4 shows the heating system C schematic diagram of the bolt pretightening degenerative process real-time detection apparatus considering high-temerature creep.
Fig. 5 shows the geomery of test institute this bolt of test sample of the bolt pretightening degenerative process real-time detection apparatus considering high-temerature creep.
Fig. 6 shows the bolt pretightening degenerated curve of the bolt pretightening degenerative process real-time detection apparatus considering high-temerature creep.
In figure representated by each label part description as follows:
A1: radial pull pressure sensor; B: weighing-up wave amplifies converter; C: recording instrument without paper; D: connecting screw rod; A2: radial pull pressure sensor; E: coupling bolt matching nut; F: the supporting pad of coupling bolt; G: survey bolt matching nut; H: survey bolt matching pad; I: rope type electric heater; J: thermal insulation cotton; K: temperature controller; L: thermopair; M: contactor; N: test survey bolt.
Embodiment
Here is instantiation of the present invention, and is further described technical scheme of the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to following instance.
Engine rotor bolt, in high-temperature work environment, causes pretightning force to degenerate owing to being subject to high-temerature creep, and its maximum operating temperature is 500 DEG C, and initial pretightning force is set to 15kN.Now simulate actual work temperature, detect the degenerative process of pretightning force in real time, obtain pretightning force degenerated curve.
The technical solution used in the present invention is a kind of bolt pretightening degenerative process real-time detection apparatus considering high-temerature creep, as shown in Figure 1.This device comprises three system units, is respectively pretightning force acquisition system A, bolt clip stressed joint apparatus system B and heating system C.Three is connected with each other.
As shown in Figure 2, the pretightning force acquisition system A of this test unit comprises radial pull pressure sensor a1, weighing-up wave amplifies converter b, recording instrument without paper c.Their relations are each other: radial pull pressure sensor a1 and weighing-up wave amplify converter b and be interconnected, and weighing-up wave amplifies converter b and recording instrument without paper c and is interconnected.The measurement range selection of this radial pull pressure sensor a1 is 0 ~ 5T, and marginal surface has the diameter of 8 to be that the aperture of 11mm is used for fixing device, and the threaded hole that centre bit is equipped with M16 × 1.5 is used for fixing surveyed bolt n; This weighing-up wave amplifies converter b and is used for amplifying the signal of radial pull pressure sensor a1, and the output signal selected is 4 ~ 20mA; It is 0 ~ 5000kg that this recording instrument without paper c arranges range, and every 1s records the numerical value of a pretightning force.Input signal is 4 ~ 20mA.
As shown in Figure 3, the bolt clip stressed joint apparatus system B of this test unit comprise radial pull pressure sensor a1, radial pull pressure sensor a2 in connecting screw rod d, pretightning force acquisition system A, coupling bolt matching nut e, the supporting pad f of coupling bolt, survey bolt matching nut g, survey bolt matching pad h.Their relations are each other: radial pull pressure sensor a1 and radial pull pressure sensor a2 is fixed on upper and lower two ends by coupling bolt matching nut e and the coupling bolt supporting pad f of 8 connecting screw rod d and correspondence, survey bolt matching nut g with survey bolt matching pad h and be used for fastening surveyed bolt n on radial pull pressure sensor surface.The bolt clip stressed joint apparatus system B of this pick-up unit comprise radial pull pressure sensor a1, radial pull pressure sensor a2 in connecting screw rod d, pretightning force acquisition system A, coupling bolt matching nut e, the supporting pad f of coupling bolt, survey bolt matching nut g, survey bolt matching pad h.Their relations are each other: radial pull pressure sensor a1 and radial pull pressure sensor a2 is fixed on upper and lower two ends by coupling bolt matching nut e and the coupling bolt supporting pad f of 8 connecting screw rod d and correspondence, survey bolt matching nut g with survey bolt matching pad h and be used for fastening surveyed bolt n on radial pull pressure sensor surface.The range of this radial pull pressure sensor a1, a2 is all chosen as 0 ~ 5T, and marginal surface has the diameter of 8 to be that the aperture of 11mm is used for fixing device, and the threaded hole that centre bit is equipped with M16 × 1.5 is used for fixing surveyed bolt n.Two sensor surfaces are parallel to each other; This connecting screw rod d, coupling bolt matching nut e, coupling bolt supporting pad f, survey bolt matching nut g, to survey bolt matching pad h be the commercial web member chosen as required.
As shown in Figure 4, the heating system C of this test unit comprises rope type electric heater i, thermal insulation cotton j, temperature controller k, thermopair l, contactor m.Mutual relationship between them is: rope type electric heater i is connected m by higher temperature line with contactor and connects, and contactor m is by temperature controller k connection control.Thermopair l is connected by temperature controller k, and is fastened on surveyed bolt n surface by rope type electric heater i.Thermal insulation cotton j is wrapped in rope type electric heater i surface and carries out heat-insulation and heat-preservation.The heated length selection input voltage that this rope type electric heater i surveys screw rod according to actual institute is 24V, and length of restricting is 1.5 meters; This thermal insulation cotton j is alumina silicate fiber felt, and heat-insulation and heat-preservation insulate, and maximum operation (service) temperature can, to 1300 DEG C, in use need to cut out, and can be wrapped in rope type electric heater i surface, and its thickness elects 15 millimeters as; This temperature controller k is XMT63X Series Intelligent type programmable temperature controller, and arranging the heated at constant temperature time is 1000h, and controling parameters pid value is respectively P=5, I=300, D=13; The model of this thermopair l can elect K type thermopair as according to the maximum operating temperature 500 DEG C of reality; This contactor m is used for coordinating temperature controller to carry out temperature control, and the input voltage due to rope type electric heater is 24V, then the transformer needing 220V to turn 24V carries out transformation.
Wherein, survey bolt n geomery process as shown in Figure 5, material selection real engine rotor bolt material 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV.
Wherein, described connecting screw rod d, coupling bolt matching nut e, the supporting pad f of coupling bolt are standard component.The material selection 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV of connecting screw rod d, its diameter is 10mm, and 8 this coupling bolt d, through 8 apertures at two chaptrel and spoke sensor surface edges, are used for fixing device, adjustable range.To survey bolt matching nut g be beryllium-bronze material, to survey bolt matching pad h be stainless steel material.
During use, survey larger one of bolt n end face and be screwed in radial pull pressure sensor a1, other end is through radial pull pressure sensor a2 and ensure institute to survey bolt matching nut g can be screwed onto radial pull pressure sensor a2 surperficial and connected by surveyed bolt matching pad h.Before tightening surveyed bolt matching nut g, need reset recording instrument without paper c, twist institute with torque spanner and survey bolt matching nut g extremely to recording instrument without paper, to show registration be 15kN.By whole test unit with the periphery of radial pull pressure sensor a1 for placing at the end, test ambient temperature is room temperature 25 DEG C.The parameter of set temperature controller k, controls rope type electric heater i and carry out heated at constant temperature to surveyed bolt n, and data is surveyed in record by recording instrument without paper c.As shown in Figure 6, for heating terminate after obtain the degenerated curve of pretightning force.
Claims (4)
1. consider the bolt pretightening degenerative process real-time detection apparatus of high-temerature creep for one kind, it is characterized in that: this pick-up unit comprises pretightning force acquisition system (A), bolt clip stressed joint apparatus system (B) and heating system (C), and three is connected with each other;
The pretightning force acquisition system (A) of this pick-up unit comprises radial pull pressure sensor (a1), weighing-up wave amplifies converter (b), recording instrument without paper (c), radial pull pressure sensor (a1) and weighing-up wave amplify converter (b) and are interconnected, and weighing-up wave amplifies converter (b) and is interconnected with recording instrument without paper (c); The range of this radial pull pressure sensor (a1) is selected according to actual acquired data, and scope is between 200Kg ~ 30T, and marginal surface has 8 apertures to be used for fixing device, and centre bit is equipped with threaded hole and is used for fixing surveyed bolt (n); This weighing-up wave amplifies converter (b) and is used for amplifying the signal of radial pull pressure sensor (a1); The shortest numerical value recording a pretightning force every 1s of this recording instrument without paper (c);
This bolt clip stressed joint apparatus system (B) comprise connecting screw rod (d), radial pull pressure sensor (a1), radial pull pressure sensor (a2), coupling bolt matching nut (e), the supporting pad (f) of coupling bolt, survey bolt matching nut (g), survey bolt matching pad (h); Radial pull pressure sensor (a1) and radial pull pressure sensor (a2) are fixed on upper/lower terminal by coupling bolt matching nut (e) of 8 connecting screw rods (d) and correspondence and the supporting pad (f) of coupling bolt, institute survey bolt matching nut (g) and survey bolt matching pad (h) and be used for fastening surveyed bolt (n) on radial pull pressure sensor surface; The range of this radial pull pressure sensor (a1), (a2) is selected according to actual acquired data, scope is between 200Kg ~ 30T, marginal surface has 8 apertures to be used for fixing device, centre bit is equipped with threaded hole and is used for fixing surveyed bolt (n), and two sensor surfaces are parallel to each other;
This heating system (C) comprises rope type electric heater (i), thermal insulation cotton (j), temperature controller (k), thermopair (l), contactor (m); Rope type electric heater (i) is connected with contactor (m) by higher temperature line, and contactor (m) is by temperature controller (k) connection control; Thermopair (l) is connected by temperature controller (k), and is fastened on surveyed bolt (n) surface by rope type electric heater (i); Thermal insulation cotton (j) is wrapped in rope type electric heater (i) surface and carries out heat-insulation and heat-preservation; The heated length that this rope type electric heater (i) surveys screw rod according to actual institute selects input voltage and length of restricting; This thermal insulation cotton (j) is alumina silicate fiber felt, heat-insulation and heat-preservation insulate, maximum operation (service) temperature is to 1300 DEG C, in use need to cut out, can be wrapped in rope type electric heater (i) surface, and Jacket thickness makes it within 8 connecting screw rods (d); This temperature controller (k) belongs to intelligent programmable temperature controller, can arrange the heat time, firing rate, maximum temperature and controling parameters pid value; The temperature that this thermopair (l) heats as required is selected; This contactor (m) is used for coordinating temperature controller to carry out temperature control, selects concrete model, if its input voltage is not 220V alternating voltage, then need adapted transformer transformation again according to the input voltage of rope type electric heater (i).
2. a kind of bolt pretightening degenerative process real-time detection apparatus considering high-temerature creep according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the material surveying bolt (n) is consistent with the research object of reality, and its geomery simplifies according to the analysis of practical object.
3. a kind of bolt pretightening degenerative process real-time detection apparatus considering high-temerature creep according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bolt clamping connector (B) will select suitable clamp device according to the size of surveyed bolt (n), performance, make its distortion in test much smaller than the distortion of surveyed bolt (n).
4. a kind of bolt pretightening degenerative process real-time detection apparatus considering high-temerature creep according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described connecting screw rod (d), coupling bolt matching nut (e), the supporting pad (f) of coupling bolt, adjust according to actual conditions; Its material should select non-deformability to be not less than material in surveyed bolt (n); The diameter of connecting screw rod (d) should be greater than the diameter of surveyed bolt (n) heated portion; 8 these coupling bolts (d), through 8 apertures at two chaptrel and spoke sensor surface edges, are used for fixing device, adjustable range; Survey bolt matching nut (g), survey bolt matching pad (h) material with reference to the material in practical set.
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| CN201510490884.8A CN105043741B (en) | 2015-08-11 | 2015-08-11 | A kind of bolt pretightening degenerative process real-time detection apparatus for considering high-temerature creep |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN105806609A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-27 | 江苏中成紧固技术发展股份有限公司 | Concrete detecting platform for relaxation coefficient of wind powder high-strength bolt |
| CN107063648A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-08-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of Intelligent optical fiber grating flange bolt loads the loading monitoring method of monitoring device |
| CN108332897A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-07-27 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | A kind of experimental rig of detection bolt pretightening high temperature variation |
| CN111122134A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-05-08 | 河南航天精工制造有限公司 | Self-locking nut unscrewing test device and method for grouped floating supporting plates |
| CN111859762A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-30 | 电子科技大学 | Long-time high-temperature creep acceleration simulation method for sensor |
| CN112296714A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-02 | 许昌学院 | Novel clamp for machining parts of precision machine tool |
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| CN105806609A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-27 | 江苏中成紧固技术发展股份有限公司 | Concrete detecting platform for relaxation coefficient of wind powder high-strength bolt |
| CN107063648A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-08-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of Intelligent optical fiber grating flange bolt loads the loading monitoring method of monitoring device |
| CN107063648B (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2019-02-19 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of load monitoring method of Intelligent optical fiber grating flange bolt load monitoring device |
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| CN111122134A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-05-08 | 河南航天精工制造有限公司 | Self-locking nut unscrewing test device and method for grouped floating supporting plates |
| CN111859762A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-30 | 电子科技大学 | Long-time high-temperature creep acceleration simulation method for sensor |
| CN111859762B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2023-04-07 | 电子科技大学 | Long-time high-temperature creep acceleration simulation method for sensor |
| CN112296714A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-02 | 许昌学院 | Novel clamp for machining parts of precision machine tool |
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