CN105040715B - Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile - Google Patents
Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile.Cofferdam refers to that in engineering construction, to build permanent infrastructure, the provisional building enclosure built, effect is to prevent water and soil from building position into building, so as in cofferdam internal drainage, excavation pit.A kind of to do bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, construction technology includes following main points: (1) preparation of construction: the design, preparation, positioning, installation of (2) measurement and positioning, erection construction platform (constructing in water) and guide pile and nose girder；(3) steel sheet pile plugs；(4) drawing water in the cofferdam a., leak stopping, clear base excavate, and b. steel sheet pile waling and supported design calculate, positioning, installation, the measurement of c. steel sheet-pile cofferdam and construction monitoring；(5) it pours water in basis and pier construction and monitoring, cofferdam, Demolition Construction platform and monitoring and steel sheet pile are extracted, arranged.(6) it examines.The present invention is applied to do bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile.
Description
Technical field:
Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile the present invention relates to a kind of.
Background technique:
Cofferdam refers in engineering construction, to build permanent infrastructure, the provisional building enclosure built, effect
It is to prevent water and soil from building position into building, so that in cofferdam internal drainage, excavation pit builds building, general main
It is used in waterwork, in addition to a part as formal building, cofferdam is generally removed after being finished, and cofferdam height is higher than
There are vegetation cofferdam and earth rock cofferdam in the peak level being likely to occur in construction time, traditional cofferdam.
Summary of the invention:
Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of.
Above-mentioned purpose is realized by following technical scheme:
A kind of to do bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, construction technology includes following main points: (1) preparation of construction:
(2) design, preparation, positioning, the installation of measurement and positioning, erection construction platform (constructing in water) and guide pile and nose girder；(3) steel
Sheet pile plugs；(4) drawing water in the cofferdam a., leak stopping, clear base excavate, and b. steel sheet pile waling and supported design calculate, positioning, peace
Dress, the measurement of c. steel sheet-pile cofferdam and construction monitoring；(5) it pours water in basic and pier construction and monitoring, cofferdam, Demolition Construction is put down
Platform and monitoring and steel sheet pile are extracted, are arranged.(6) it examines.
Described does bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, and construction manipulation process includes the following steps: that (1) is described
The preparation of construction carried out first: a. require pile top elevation meet design calculate require (steel sheet pile length value is detailed in steel sheet pile and encloses
Weir design calculation)；B. steel sheet pile is transported to behind building site and carries out detailed inspection, measures, classifies, numbers and register；C. steel
When sheet pile is checked and accepted, there should be related product certificate, mechanical performance and geometric dimension should meet construction requirement；D. fore shaft is examined
It looks into: meeting type with one piece of long 1.5m~2.0m, the steel sheet pile of specification makees standard, the steel sheet pile of all same types is done into fore shaft inspection
It looks into, inspection is to pull standard steel sheet pile flatcar with winch or hoist engine, is carried out from pile crown to stake tail；E. when sheet pile length is inadequate
When, it can weld spreading with the steel sheet pile equal strength of same type, first to welding or by interface repair welding joint close when welding, then weld reinforcing
Plate, adjacent panels staking slit, which should be noted that, to be staggered, and should do fore shaft by the steel sheet pile rebuild or welded and pass through test；F. steel sheet pile
Using a group stake inserting piling, add one of clamping plate every 4~5m, clamping plate is clipped before sheet pile lifting, is removed by paying when inserting piling, turnover makes
With；It is coated with butter mixture ointment in the fore shaft of group stake, to reduce frictional resistance when inserting piling and reinforce barrier performance；G. it spells
When corner pile processed, after one piece of steel sheet pile is longitudinally cut open, intermediate angle steel or steel plate bend welded connecting into corner pile.
Described does bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, and construction manipulation process includes the following steps: that (2) are described
Measurement and positioning, erection construction platform and guide pile and nose girder design, preparation, positioning, installation: a. drawing strickle guide production: use type
Inclosure is made as nose girder, drawing strickle guide in steel sheet-pile cofferdam in steel (channel steel)；Inside and outside nose girder spacing is bigger than steel sheet pile effective thickness
8cm~10cm, with the inserting piling of sharp steel sheet pile, rectangle inclosure nose girder presses the direct blanking of design size, and nose girder connector is arranged in cross
It supports at fulcrum, connector is bolted with clamping plate；B. drawing strickle guide is installed: before installation drawing strickle guide, first carrying out measurement and positioning.When drawing strickle guide is installed
It first makes guide pile or makees temporary construction platform；Drawing strickle guide is fixed on guide pile in platform over-assemble in factory or live sectional making
On.
Described does bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, and construction manipulation process includes the following steps: that (3) are described
Steel sheet pile plug: light-dutyer pile frame is selected in a. piling, and general hammer is preferably greater than stake weight again, and hammering energy is suitably general to select
Steel sheet pile is beaten with vibro-pile driver；B. before injection steel sheet pile, upstream and downstream certain distance and two sides land setting warp in cofferdam
Latitude instrument observation point, the injection positioning of the steel sheet pile to control the long and short edge direction in cofferdam；C. steel sheet pile uses block-by-block (group) inserting piling
On earth or after cofferdam first plugs together entirely, then block-by-block (group) is beaten；D. it will keep smooth from first piece (group) when inserting piling steel sheet pile,
Several pieces be plugged beat it is steady after fixed with drawing strickle guide, then proceed to inserting piling, be normally carried out to make to drive piles, if a loop wheel machine hangs to undertake
Stake work；It must be helped after steel sheet pile lifting with manpower in the fore shaft for being inserted into previous piece, movement slowly will prevent damage fore shaft, insert
After entering can slightly loose lifting rope, slide into stake with self weight, or pushed again with hammer, when relatively difficult, can also be forced with tackle pulley slotting
Stake, be inserted into certain depth and stand stablize after, can be hammered；E. the fore shaft lower end of steel sheet pile piling direction of advance is used
Cork clogs, and prevents silt particle from entering in fore shaft, inserting piling after influencing, and all steel sheet piles with connector should be staggered with jointless stake
It uses, its connector horizontal position should at least be staggered 2m or more up and down at a puss；F. guarantee that steel sheet pile inserting piling is honest smoothly to close up
Measure be at any time correct skew, skew, which exaggerates to be pulled up with pultrusion method straightening person, beats again, and when correcting invalid, answers special
Wedge pile closes up；G. when steel sheet pile group stake inserting piling, filleting putty and the quilts of stake are organized with blunt chisel caulked；The outside of group stake
Fore shaft should all be coated with butter before inserting piling or mixing ointment (butter: pitch: dry sawdust: dry clay=2: 2: 2: 1), is inserted with reducing
Frictional resistance when beating, and reinforce seepage capability.
Described does bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, and construction manipulation process includes the following steps: that (4) are described
Cofferdam in draw water, leak stopping, clear base excavates, steel sheet pile waling and supported design calculate, positioning, installation and steel sheet-pile cofferdam
Measurement and construction monitoring: should first carry out draw water leak stopping, Construction of Supporting, clear base excavation, basis and pier construction: steel sheet pile inserting piling is complete
At and can draw water after carrying out reinforcement measure, checked when drawing water whether each point holds out against, between sheet pile and drawing strickle guide timber wedge whether jam-packed, take out
Water speed is unsuitable too fast, to observe the situation of change in cofferdam at any time and make respective handling.When fore shaft leakage occurs, cotton-wool is used
In inside caulked, while a large amount of sawdusts or cavings are spread on the outside of crack, carry it to leak secretly by water flow and voluntarily block.Footing
Using the water-stopping method for filling earth bag at footing when leakage, if footing leakage be because riverbed it is permeable caused by, using to saturating
Water layer pressure injection cement mortar or the method sealing for using underwater concrete back cover.
Described does bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, and construction manipulation process includes the following steps: that (5) are described
Basis and pier construction and monitoring, cofferdam in pour water, Demolition Construction platform and monitoring and steel sheet pile are extracted, are arranged: a. steel
Before sheet pile is extracted, should first by cofferdam support and other facilities remove successively from top to bottom, and pour water make inside and outside hydraulic pressure successively
Balance squeezes sheet pile and disappears, and pile pulling device is available to hang ship, loop wheel machine, pile-driving and-pulling machine, jack, gin pole tackle pulley and hoist engine
Deng pile pulling can use long snap ring to be buckled on pile pulling hole as suspension centre；B. the steel sheet pile extracted should clean clean, repairing with water and arrange, brush
Antirust oil.Transport stack when, do not make to collide, prevent bending deformation, stack place and answer solid smooth, when stacking should be by sheet pile class
Type, length are numbered respectively, are registered, stacking neatly.
Described does bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, and construction manipulation process includes the following steps: that (6) are described
Inspection: detection steel sheet pile inserting piling and quality in place should meet the following requirements: wedge pile upper and lower opening width difference is not answered when a. closes up
It is long greater than stake by 2%；B. the gradient after reaching design altitude should not exceed 1%.
Described does bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, and constructing operation method also has following inspection and calculating
Step: (1) steel sheet-pile cofferdam internal force calculates: often occurring steel sheet pile overall collapse in steel sheet pile cofferdam construction causes steel sheet pile to enclose
Weir, which is inwardly wrapped up, is integrally buried in construction personnel and equipment in foundation pit, causes safety accident；Carrying out steel sheet-pile cofferdam design
Before calculating, the soil body of supporting should be accurately held, while see clearly the supposed premise of used calculation formula and computation model
Whether condition is consistent with this engineering practice, and during steel sheet pile cofferdam construction, outer lateral earth pressure presses earth pressure at rest, inside
Soil pressure is calculated by passive earth pressure；2 kinds of the most unfavorable processing conditions, it is main true before the 1st kind is accomplished to back cover for steel sheet-pile cofferdam suction mud
Determine steel sheet pile embedded depth and checking computations steel sheet pile, purlin and inner support strength and stiffness；2nd kind has been drawn water for steel sheet-pile cofferdam
Cheng Hou only checks steel sheet-pile cofferdam, purlin and inner support strength and stiffness, 2 kinds of condition calculatings of force tidal bore time-division: the 1st kind for
Increase on steel sheet-pile cofferdam entire mathematical model and meets damp face bore pressure；2nd kind is on steel sheet-pile cofferdam entire mathematical model
Damp face and two sides bore pressure are met in increase；
A. internal force calculates: being then according to acting on soil pressure intensity on steel sheet pile and pressure distribution, according to " concisely applying
Work reckoner " China Construction Industry Press, P207 pages of (4-40) formula obtain:
Steel sheet pile evenly load conversion soil height:
B. it supports the calculating of the number of plies and spacing: determining the spacing of each layer support by equal bending moments arrangement, then IV shape steel plate of Larsen
The maximum allowable span of stake top portion cantilever end, according to " concise calculation on Construction handbook " China Construction Industry Press, P284 pages of (5-
96) formula obtains:
=2940mm=2.9m
h1=1.11h=1.11×2.9=3.2m
h2=0.88h=0.88×2.9=2.6m
Support arrangement need to be adjusted according to construction second pouring concrete, the number of plies is 2 layers.First layer absolute altitude is 0.75 meter, is pushed up away from island
3 meters of face, the second layer is away from 2 meters of first layer.Back cover concrete is as third layer support system；
C. embedded depth calculates: calculating steel sheet pile embedded depth with shield grace approximation method；Coefficient of active earth pressure is broken ground
Pressure coefficient is from the above:, according to active earth pressure and passive earth pressure equilibrium principle, geometrical relationship is according to " concise construction meter
Calculate handbook " China Construction Industry Press, P206 pages of (4.3) formula obtain:
According to the fixed point for part of burying, passive earth pressure point of resultant force is from hole bottom, so steel sheet pile is bottom
One across span be 2+3.78 × 2/3=4.52m at；
Therefore the total length of steel sheet pile is at least, i.e., steel plate pile length is 10.53m, and embedded depth can guarantee stake when being 3.78m
The stability of body itself, selects 21m steel sheet pile, and practical embedded depth is 5.95m.
Described does bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, and constructing operation method also has following inspection and calculating
Step: (2) steel sheet pile stability calculation: it includes following several contents；
A. piping inspection is calculated:
The reason of piping mainly waterpower difference function influence, consider there is water side, head difference after withdrawal when calculating
For h1=8.85m, embedded depth h2=x, shortest seepage flow approach is h1+h2 × 2, the safety condition of piping is not generated, according to root
According to " concise calculation on Construction handbook " China Construction Industry Press, P282 pages of (4-147) formula is obtained:
1.7 are taken in formula for safety coefficient；
The water capacity refetches；
Soil buoyant unit weight be；
Hydraulic gradient；
Calculate when, piping will not occur；
Required stake is long
21m steel sheet pile is selected, then embedded depth is 5.75, and piping will not occur；
B. bottom ground heave checks
The analysis of substrate resistance to chloride ion uses,, resist grand Method for Checking, according to the industry of " foundation engineering " Chinese architecture
P308 pages of publishing house (8-30) formula:
,,, safety coefficient
=5.69
=13.78
=3.6 > 1.7
That is steel sheet pile driving depth 5.75m, ground soil stabilization will not swell.
Described does bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, and constructing operation method also has following inspection and calculating
Step: the inspection of (3) waling is calculated: the performance analysis of waling and calculating performance analysis model loading force are according to active earth pressure strength, quilt
The operating condition of waling is divided into following six kinds by dynamic soil pressure intensity:
A. operating condition one
It is opened after applying stake top waling and support referring to " concise calculation on Construction handbook " China Construction Industry Press P284
Foundation pit is dug to+1m, i.e. 3m is deep, and before not installing first of support, steel sheet pile is single anchor shallow embedding plate of top freely-supported, then supports stress
For；
It is assumed that embedded depth needed for steel sheet pile is t,
To make steel sheet pile keep stablizing, torque should be equal to zero at the top of steel sheet pile
Therefore minimum embedded depth
/m2
/m2
Therefore/m2
The point that shearing is zero according to supporting point distance
Square is taken to minimum embedded depth (i.e. shearing is 0 point)
So operating condition lower steel plate stake can satisfy requirement；
B. operating condition two
First of support is installed, absolute altitude -1.5 is excavated to, is i.e. 5.25m is deep, and second support does not apply.Steel plate at this time
Stake can see the freely-supported at stake top and first of support as, the beam structure consolidated at 2m below foundation pit；
Calculate to obtain steel sheet pile:, maximum support counter-force load intensity 104.82KN/m；Act on first layer waling and support
Place；
Then the stress of steel sheet pile is at this time
So operating condition lower steel plate stake can satisfy requirement；
C. operating condition three
Second support is installed, continues to be excavated to the place absolute altitude -3m, i.e. foundation pit 6.75m is deep, and steel sheet pile can be seen as at this time
The freely-supported at stake top, the first and second supports, the beam structure consolidated at 2m below substrate；
Calculate to obtain steel sheet pile:, maximum support counter-force load intensity 210KN/m；It acts at second layer waling and support；
Then the stress of steel sheet pile is at this time
So operating condition lower steel plate stake can satisfy requirement；
D. operating condition four
Second support is installed, dredging (using suction dredge dredging is used after pouring water, will change fill block stone after mud whole removing
To at -5 meters of absolute altitude), after-pouring back cover concrete, because of internal and external pressure balance after pouring water, therefore this operating condition lower steel plate stake can not be calculated
Stress condition keeps pressure balance only it is noted that paying attention to reducing water level elevation in cofferdam when pouring concrete；
E. operating condition five
First layer bearing platform construction finishes, demoulding, will insert rubble between cushion cap periphery and steel sheet pile, makes first layer cushion cap side wall
As temporary support, second support is removed, waling retains, and steel sheet pile can be considered in first of support and first layer cushion cap at this time
Locate freely-supported, in the continuous beam of back cover top consolidation；
Calculate to obtain steel sheet pile:, first layer maximum counter-force be 227.21KN, act on first layer support and waling at, first
It is 101.21KN/m that layer, which supports maximum counter-force load intensity, is acted at first layer waling；
Then the stress of steel sheet pile is at this time
So operating condition lower steel plate stake can satisfy requirement；
F. operating condition six
Second layer bearing platform construction finishes, demoulding, and backfill foundation pit to first layer waling bottom removes second layer waling and support,
At this time steel sheet pile can be considered stake top, first support and waling at freely-supported, below cushion cap 2m at consolidation beam structure；
Calculate to obtain steel sheet pile:, first layer support maximum counter-force load intensity 97.84KN/m is acted at first layer waling；
Then the stress of steel sheet pile is at this time
So operating condition lower steel plate stake can satisfy requirement.
Described does bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, and constructing operation method also has following inspection and calculating
Step: (4) waling calculates: waling is using double 40a I-steel, and second layer waling is using double 50a I-steel.Heel brace and eight is to support
Using diameter 630mm, the steel pipe of wall thickness 10mm.Because of geological condition complexity, for safety, by 3 meters and 4 meters of simply supported beam of spacing
Calculate waling stress.
Described does bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, and constructing operation method also has following inspection and calculating
Step: the supporting shape that (5) will often support steel sheet pile using steel pipe and H profile steel in soft foundation supporting construction meter
Formula；
A. steel pipe support
609 steel pipe clout spreading of ф is generally used, is also had using 406 steel pipe of ф, single branch big with support stiffness
The bearing capacity of support is big, and branch tie distance is larger (the largest of about 10m), but supports and support, the installation of Zhi Jinyu purlin and connect trouble,
The disadvantages of size is not easy accurately, and site workload is big, and construction quality is difficult to ensure；
B. H profile steel supports
It is connected H profile steel using bolt, has easy to assembly, and assembled in situ is simple, according to different foundation pits by setting
Meter requires to be combined and connect, reusable, can install various detecting instruments in supporting rod and carry out construction detection；
C. the installation supported
Axial location is made foundation pit surrounding steel sheet pile is suitable for reading according to support layout drawing；According to design requirement, in steel sheet pile
Inner wall pops up purlin axis absolute altitude with the line of ink marker；By purlin absolute altitude snap the line, purlin bracket is welded on steel sheet pile；Purlin is installed；Root
According to purlin absolute altitude on foundation pit column Weld-supporting bracket；It is horizontally-supported that short (transverse direction) is installed；Installation is long to (longitudinal direction) level
Support；Gap between longitudinal and transverse support infall and support, is fixed with fixture；Between foundation pit periphery purlin and steel sheet pile
Gap, with C20 Concrete Filled；In order to make to support uniform force, preferably first applies prestressing force to support before shoveling, apply pre-
The method of stress are as follows:
1, it is pressurizeed with jack in the junction of purlin and support, gad anchoring is filled at gap, is then removed very heavy
Special jack is used as a component of support in top, is mounted in each support, stays in support after preload, to
After shoveling, support is removed, load is shed.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1. the Larsen steel sheet pile edge that the present invention uses has locker, coupled by the occlusion of this locker,
Steel sheet pile can be freely combined, and form a kind of continuous closely steel structure body of earth-retaining or waterwall, shaken using high-frequency hydraulic
Dynamic hammer generates high frequency vibrating power under eccentric moment effect, acts on steel sheet pile by fixture, then be transmitted to and connect by steel sheet pile
The stratum of touching, disturbed soil make liquefaction of soil mass, destroy its frictional resistance and adsorption capacity between steel sheet pile and apply pressure
Or lifting force inserts or pull out steel sheet pile, forms the cofferdam that blocks water by steel sheet pile and nose girder support (steel pipe or fashioned iron),
It draws water in cofferdam, leak stopping, excavation, clear base to designed elevation, casting concrete back cover is by steel sheet pile and bottom concrete
Bearing platform construction provides anhydrous construction environment.
Construction method of the present invention is easy, does not need huge construction equipment, foundation pit earth can be reduced compared with traditional earth rock cofferdam
Square excavated volume.
Present invention construction quickly, can be shortened the construction period substantially.
The present invention is applied widely, by changing the section configuration and length of steel sheet pile, can adapt it to different geology, depth
Degree, supporting construction requirement.
The present invention is safe and reliable, have the characteristics that intensity is high, be tightly combined, interchangeability, sealing it is good.
Economical rationality of the present invention can repeatedly be used in turn gib engineering.
Energy conservation and environmental protection of the present invention substantially reduces the usage amount for taking soil amount and concrete, does not generate junk, pollutes
Small, construction area area is small, effective protection land resource.
Detailed description of the invention:
Attached drawing 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention.In figure: 1-steel sheet pile；2-steel sheep pile supports；3-gussets
Stake；4-guide beams；5-guide piles；
Attached drawing 2 is steel sheet pile piling facade layout drawing of the invention.In figure: 1-steel sheet pile；2-steel sheep pile supports；6
- walking simple platform；7-piling vibrations hammer；8-pedrail cranes；
Attached drawing 3 is supporting support schematic diagram.In figure: 9-H profile steel purlins；10-steel pipe supports；11-end plates；
12-gutters.
Specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of to do bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, construction technology includes following main points: (1) preparation of construction:
(2) design, preparation, positioning, the installation of measurement and positioning, erection construction platform (constructing in water) and guide pile and nose girder；(3) steel
Sheet pile plugs；(4) drawing water in the cofferdam a., leak stopping, clear base excavate, and b. steel sheet pile waling and supported design calculate, positioning, peace
Dress, the measurement of c. steel sheet-pile cofferdam and construction monitoring；(5) it pours water in basic and pier construction and monitoring, cofferdam, Demolition Construction is put down
Platform and monitoring and steel sheet pile are extracted, are arranged.(6) it examines.
Embodiment 2:
Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile according to described in embodiment 1, construction manipulation process includes as follows
Step: (1) preparation of construction carried out first described in: a. requires pile top elevation to meet design and calculates requirement (steel sheet pile length value
It is detailed in steel sheet-pile cofferdam design calculation)；B. steel sheet pile is transported to behind building site and carries out detailed inspection, measures, classifies, numbering
And registration；C. when steel sheet pile is checked and accepted, there should be related product certificate, mechanical performance and geometric dimension should meet construction and want
It asks；D. fore shaft inspection: meeting type with one piece of long 1.5m~2.0m, the steel sheet pile of specification makees standard, by the steel of all same types
Sheet pile does fore shaft inspection, and inspection is to pull standard steel sheet pile flatcar with winch or hoist engine, carries out from pile crown to stake tail；E. when
When sheet pile length is inadequate, spreading can be welded with the steel sheet pile equal strength of same type, when welding first closes to welding or by interface repair welding
Seam, then securing plate is welded, adjacent panels staking slit, which should be noted that, to be staggered, and should do fore shaft by the steel sheet pile rebuild or welded and pass through examination
It tests；F. steel sheet pile adds one of clamping plate every 4~5m using a group stake inserting piling, and clamping plate is clipped before sheet pile lifting, by paying when inserting piling
It removes, is used in turn；It is coated with butter mixture ointment in the fore shaft of group stake, to reduce frictional resistance when inserting piling and reinforce antiseepage
Performance；When g. spelling corner pile processed, after one piece of steel sheet pile is longitudinally cut open, intermediate angle steel or steel plate bend welded connecting into corner pile.
Embodiment 3:
Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile according to described in embodiment 1, construction manipulation process includes as follows
Step: measurement and positioning described in (2), the design of erection construction platform and guide pile and nose girder, preparation, positioning, installation: a. is led
Frame production: using fashioned iron (channel steel) as nose girder, drawing strickle guide in steel sheet-pile cofferdam, and inclosure is made；Inside and outside nose girder spacing compares steel plate
The stake big 8cm~10cm of effective thickness, with the inserting piling of sharp steel sheet pile, rectangle inclosure nose girder presses the direct blanking of design size, and nose girder connects
Head is arranged at stull fulcrum, and connector is bolted with clamping plate；B. drawing strickle guide is installed: before installation drawing strickle guide, it is fixed first to measure
Position.Drawing strickle guide first makes guide pile or makees temporary construction platform when installing；Drawing strickle guide is in factory or live sectional making, the group on platform
Dress, is fixed on guide pile.
Embodiment 4:
Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile according to described in embodiment 1, construction manipulation process includes as follows
Step: steel sheet pile described in (3) plugs: light-dutyer pile frame is selected in a. piling, and general hammer is preferably greater than stake weight, hammering energy again
It is suitably general that vibro-pile driver is selected to beat steel sheet pile；B. before injection steel sheet pile, the upstream and downstream certain distance and two in cofferdam
Theodolite observation point is arranged in bank land, the injection positioning of the steel sheet pile to control the long and short edge direction in cofferdam；C. steel sheet pile is adopted
With block-by-block (group) inserting piling after cofferdam first plugs together on earth or entirely, then block-by-block (group) is beaten；D. from first piece (group) when inserting piling steel sheet pile
Will keep smooth, several pieces be plugged beat it is steady after fixed with drawing strickle guide, then proceed to inserting piling, be normally carried out to make to drive piles, if one
Platform loop wheel machine hangs stake work to undertake；It must be helped after steel sheet pile lifting with manpower in the fore shaft for being inserted into previous piece, movement will slowly be prevented
Stop loss bad fore shaft, after insertion can slightly loose lifting rope, slide into stake with self weight, or pushed again with hammering into shape, when relatively difficult, can also use
Tackle pulley forces pitching pile, be inserted into certain depth and stand stablize after, can be hammered；E. steel sheet pile piling direction of advance
Fore shaft lower end clogged with cork, prevent silt particle from entering in fore shaft, inserting piling after influencing, all steel sheet pile Ying Yuwu with connector
The stake of connector is staggered use, its connector horizontal position should at least be staggered 2m or more up and down at a puss；F. guarantee steel sheet pile inserting piling
The honest measure smoothly closed up is to correct skew at any time, and skew, which exaggerates to be pulled up with pultrusion method straightening person, beats again, and is corrected
When invalid, special wedge pile is answered to close up；G. when steel sheet pile group stake inserting piling, it is embedding with blunt chisel that filleting putty and the quilts of stake are organized
Plug；The outside fore shaft of group stake should all be coated with butter or mixing ointment (butter: pitch: dry sawdust: dry clay=2: 2: 2 before inserting piling
: 1), to reduce frictional resistance when inserting piling, and reinforce seepage capability.
Embodiment 5:
Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile according to described in embodiment 1, construction manipulation process includes as follows
Step: drawing water in cofferdam described in (4), leak stopping, clear base excavate, steel sheet pile waling and supported design calculate, positioning, installation and
The measurement of steel sheet-pile cofferdam and construction monitoring: draw water leak stopping, Construction of Supporting, clear base excavation, basis and pier construction should first be carried out:
Steel sheet pile inserting piling is completed and can be drawn water after carrying out reinforcement measure, checks whether each point holds out against, wooden between sheet pile and drawing strickle guide when drawing water
Wedge whether jam-packed, speed of drawing water is unsuitable too fast, to observe the situation of change in cofferdam at any time and make respective handling.When generation fore shaft
When leakage, with cotton-wool in inside caulked, while a large amount of sawdusts or cavings are spread on the outside of crack, carry it to leak secretly by water flow
Voluntarily block.Using the water-stopping method for filling earth bag at footing when footing leaks, if footing leakage is caused because riverbed is permeable
, then using to pervious bed pressure injection cement mortar or using the method sealing of underwater concrete back cover.
Embodiment 6:
Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile according to described in embodiment 1, construction manipulation process includes as follows
Step: pour water in basis and pier construction described in (5) and monitoring, cofferdam, Demolition Construction platform and monitoring and steel sheet pile are extracted,
Arrange: before a. steel sheet pile is extracted, should first by cofferdam support and other facilities remove successively from top to bottom, and pour water successively
Make inside and outside hydraulic balance, squeeze sheet pile and disappear, pile pulling device is available to hang ship, loop wheel machine, pile-driving and-pulling machine, jack, gin pole coaster
Group and hoist engine etc., pile pulling can use long snap ring to be buckled on pile pulling hole as suspension centre；B. the steel sheet pile extracted should clean with water it is clean, repair
Compensation reason, brushing antirust oil.When transporting stacking, do not make to collide, prevent bending deformation, stacks place and answer solid smooth, stacking
When should number respectively, register by sheet pile types, length, stack it is neat.
Embodiment 7:
Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile according to described in embodiment 1, construction manipulation process includes as follows
Step: inspection described in (6): detection steel sheet pile inserting piling and quality in place should be met the following requirements: when a. closes up above and below wedge pile
It is long by 2% that mouth width degree difference should not exceed stake；B. the gradient after reaching design altitude should not exceed 1%.
Embodiment 8:
Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile according to embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7, is applied
Work operating method also has following inspection and calculating step: (1) steel sheet-pile cofferdam internal force calculates: in steel sheet pile cofferdam construction often
Steel sheet pile overall collapse occur causes steel sheet-pile cofferdam inwardly to wrap up integrally to be buried in foundation pit construction personnel and equipment, cause
Safety accident；Before carrying out steel sheet-pile cofferdam design and calculating, the soil body of supporting should be accurately held, while seen clearly used
Whether calculation formula and the supposed premise condition of computation model and this engineering practice are consistent, during steel sheet pile cofferdam construction,
Its outer lateral earth pressure presses earth pressure at rest, and interior lateral earth pressure is calculated by passive earth pressure；2 kinds of the most unfavorable processing conditions, the 1st kind is steel plate
Pile cofferdam is inhaled before mud is accomplished to back cover, it is main determine steel sheet pile embedded depth and checking computations steel sheet pile, purlin and inner support intensity and
Rigidity；After the completion of 2nd kind is drawn water for steel sheet-pile cofferdam, steel sheet-pile cofferdam, purlin and inner support strength and stiffness are only checked, by force
2 kinds of condition calculatings of tidal bore time-division: the 1st kind is met damp face bore pressure to increase on steel sheet-pile cofferdam entire mathematical model；2nd
Kind meets damp face and two sides bore pressure to increase on steel sheet-pile cofferdam entire mathematical model；
A. internal force calculates: being then according to acting on soil pressure intensity on steel sheet pile and pressure distribution, according to " concisely applying
Work reckoner " China Construction Industry Press, P207 pages of (4-40) formula obtain:
Steel sheet pile evenly load conversion soil height:
B. it supports the calculating of the number of plies and spacing: determining the spacing of each layer support by equal bending moments arrangement, then IV shape steel plate of Larsen
The maximum allowable span of stake top portion cantilever end, according to " concise calculation on Construction handbook " China Construction Industry Press, P284 pages of (5-
96) formula obtains:
=2940mm=2.9m
h1=1.11h=1.11×2.9=3.2m
h2=0.88h=0.88×2.9=2.6m
Support arrangement need to be adjusted according to construction second pouring concrete, the number of plies is 2 layers.First layer absolute altitude is 0.75 meter, is pushed up away from island
3 meters of face, the second layer is away from 2 meters of first layer.Back cover concrete is as third layer support system；
C. embedded depth calculates: calculating steel sheet pile embedded depth with shield grace approximation method；Coefficient of active earth pressure is broken ground
Pressure coefficient is from the above:, according to active earth pressure and passive earth pressure equilibrium principle, geometrical relationship is according to " concise construction meter
Calculate handbook " China Construction Industry Press, P206 pages of (4.3) formula obtain: ；
According to the fixed point for part of burying, passive earth pressure point of resultant force is from hole bottom, so steel sheet pile is bottom
One across span be 2+3.78 × 2/3=4.52m at；
Therefore the total length of steel sheet pile is at least, i.e., steel plate pile length is 10.53m, and embedded depth can guarantee stake when being 3.78m
The stability of body itself, selects 21m steel sheet pile, and practical embedded depth is 5.95m.
Embodiment 9:
Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile according to embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7, it is described
Do bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, constructing operation method also has following inspection and calculating step: (2) steel plate
Stake stability calculation: it includes following several contents；
A. piping inspection is calculated:
The reason of piping mainly waterpower difference function influence, consider there is water side, head difference after withdrawal when calculating
For h1=8.85m, embedded depth h2=x, shortest seepage flow approach such as Fig. 2-1 show h1+h2 × 2, do not generate the safety of piping
Condition, according to according to " concise calculation on Construction handbook " China Construction Industry Press, P282 pages of (4-147) formula is obtained:
1.7 are taken in formula for safety coefficient；
The water capacity refetches；
Soil buoyant unit weight be；
Hydraulic gradient；
Calculate when, piping will not occur；
Required stake is long
21m steel sheet pile is selected, then embedded depth is 5.75, and piping will not occur；
B. bottom ground heave checks
The analysis of substrate resistance to chloride ion uses,, resist grand Method for Checking, according to the industry of " foundation engineering " Chinese architecture
P308 pages of publishing house (8-30) formula:
,,, safety coefficient
=5.69
=13.78
=3.6 > 1.7
That is steel sheet pile driving depth 5.75m, ground soil stabilization will not swell.
Embodiment 10:
Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile according to embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7, it is described
Do bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, constructing operation method also has following inspection and calculating step: (3) waling
Inspection is calculated: the performance analysis of waling and calculating performance analysis model loading force are according to active earth pressure strength, passive earth pressure intensity
The operating condition of waling is divided into following six kinds:
A. operating condition one
It is opened after applying stake top waling and support referring to " concise calculation on Construction handbook " China Construction Industry Press P284
Foundation pit is dug to+1m, i.e. 3m is deep, and before not installing first of support, steel sheet pile is single anchor shallow embedding plate of top freely-supported, then supports stress
For；
It is assumed that embedded depth needed for steel sheet pile is t,
To make steel sheet pile keep stablizing, torque should be equal to zero at the top of steel sheet pile
Therefore minimum embedded depth
/m2
/m2
Therefore/m2
The point that shearing is zero according to supporting point distance
Square is taken to minimum embedded depth (i.e. shearing is 0 point)
So operating condition lower steel plate stake can satisfy requirement；
B. operating condition two
First of support is installed, absolute altitude -1.5 is excavated to, is i.e. 5.25m is deep, and second support does not apply.Steel plate at this time
Stake can see the freely-supported at stake top and first of support as, the beam structure consolidated at 2m below foundation pit；
Calculate to obtain steel sheet pile:, maximum support counter-force load intensity 104.82KN/m；Act on first layer waling and support
Place；
Then the stress of steel sheet pile is at this time
So operating condition lower steel plate stake can satisfy requirement；
C. operating condition three
Second support is installed, continues to be excavated to the place absolute altitude -3m, i.e. foundation pit 6.75m is deep, and steel sheet pile can be seen as at this time
The freely-supported at stake top, the first and second supports, the beam structure consolidated at 2m below substrate；
Calculate to obtain steel sheet pile:, maximum support counter-force load intensity 210KN/m；It acts at second layer waling and support；
Then the stress of steel sheet pile is at this time
So operating condition lower steel plate stake can satisfy requirement；
D. operating condition four
Second support is installed, dredging (using suction dredge dredging is used after pouring water, will change fill block stone after mud whole removing
To at -5 meters of absolute altitude), after-pouring back cover concrete, because of internal and external pressure balance after pouring water, therefore this operating condition lower steel plate stake can not be calculated
Stress condition keeps pressure balance only it is noted that paying attention to reducing water level elevation in cofferdam when pouring concrete；
E. operating condition five
First layer bearing platform construction finishes, demoulding, will insert rubble between cushion cap periphery and steel sheet pile, makes first layer cushion cap side wall
As temporary support, second support is removed, waling retains, and steel sheet pile can be considered in first of support and first layer cushion cap at this time
Locate freely-supported, in the continuous beam of back cover top consolidation；
Calculate to obtain steel sheet pile:, first layer maximum counter-force be 227.21KN, act on first layer support and waling at, first
It is 101.21KN/m that layer, which supports maximum counter-force load intensity, is acted at first layer waling；
Then the stress of steel sheet pile is at this time
So operating condition lower steel plate stake can satisfy requirement；
F. operating condition six
Second layer bearing platform construction finishes, demoulding, and backfill foundation pit to first layer waling bottom removes second layer waling and support,
At this time steel sheet pile can be considered stake top, first support and waling at freely-supported, below cushion cap 2m at consolidation beam structure；
Calculate to obtain steel sheet pile:, first layer support maximum counter-force load intensity 97.84KN/m is acted at first layer waling；
Then the stress of steel sheet pile is at this time
So operating condition lower steel plate stake can satisfy requirement.
Embodiment 11:
Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile according to embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7, it is described
Do bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, constructing operation method also has following inspection and calculating step: (4) waling
Calculate: waling is using double 40a I-steel, and second layer waling is using double 50a I-steel.Heel brace and eight uses diameter to support
630mm, the steel pipe of wall thickness 10mm.Because of geological condition complexity, for safety, waling is calculated by 3 meters and 4 meters of spacing of simply supported beams
Stress.
Embodiment 12:
Bridge construction cofferdam method is done using steel sheet pile according to embodiment 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7, is applied
Work operating method also has following inspection and calculating step: (5) will often use steel pipe and H in soft foundation supporting construction meter
The support form that fashioned iron supports steel sheet pile；
A. steel pipe support
609 steel pipe clout spreading of ф is generally used, is also had using 406 steel pipe of ф, single branch big with support stiffness
The bearing capacity of support is big, and branch tie distance is larger (the largest of about 10m), but supports and support, the installation of Zhi Jinyu purlin and connect trouble,
The disadvantages of size is not easy accurately, and site workload is big, and construction quality is difficult to ensure；
B. H profile steel supports
It is connected H profile steel using bolt, has easy to assembly, and assembled in situ is simple, according to different foundation pits by setting
Meter requires to be combined and connect, reusable, can install various detecting instruments in supporting rod and carry out construction detection；
C. the installation supported
Axial location is made foundation pit surrounding steel sheet pile is suitable for reading according to support layout drawing；According to design requirement, in steel sheet pile
Inner wall pops up purlin axis absolute altitude with the line of ink marker；By purlin absolute altitude snap the line, purlin bracket is welded on steel sheet pile；Purlin is installed；Root
According to purlin absolute altitude on foundation pit column Weld-supporting bracket；It is horizontally-supported that short (transverse direction) is installed；Installation is long to (longitudinal direction) level
Support；Gap between longitudinal and transverse support infall and support, is fixed with fixture；Between foundation pit periphery purlin and steel sheet pile
Gap, with C20 Concrete Filled；In order to make to support uniform force, preferably first applies prestressing force to support before shoveling, apply pre-
The method of stress are as follows:
1, it is pressurizeed with jack in the junction of purlin and support, gad anchoring is filled at gap, is then removed very heavy
Top；
2, special jack is used as a component of support, is mounted in each support, branch is stayed in after preload
In support, after cutting the earth, support is removed, load is shed.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of do bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, it is characterized in that: its construction technology includes following main points: (1) applying
Working drawing is standby: the design, preparation, positioning, installation of (2) measurement and positioning, erection construction platform and guide pile and nose girder, wherein construction is flat
Platform is constructed in water；(3) steel sheet pile plugs；(4) drawing water in the cofferdam a., leak stopping, clear base excavate, b. steel sheet pile waling and
Supported design is calculated, positioning, is installed, the measurement of c. steel sheet-pile cofferdam and construction monitoring；(5) basis and pier construction and monitoring,
It pours water in cofferdam, Demolition Construction platform and monitoring and steel sheet pile are extracted, arranged；(6) it examines；
Design, preparation, positioning, the installation of the measurement and positioning, erection construction platform and guide pile and nose girder: a. drawing strickle guide system
Make: using channel steel as nose girder, drawing strickle guide in steel sheet-pile cofferdam, and inclosure is made；Inside and outside nose girder spacing is than steel sheet pile effective thickness
Big 8cm~10cm, with the inserting piling of sharp steel sheet pile, rectangle inclosure nose girder presses the direct blanking of design size, and nose girder connector is arranged in
At stull fulcrum, connector is bolted with clamping plate；B. drawing strickle guide is installed: before installation drawing strickle guide, first carrying out measurement and positioning；Drawing strickle guide installation
When first make guide pile or make temporary construction platform；Drawing strickle guide is fixed on positioning in platform over-assemble in factory or live sectional making
In stake；
Steel sheet pile edge has locker, is coupled by the occlusion of this locker, and steel sheet pile independent assortment forms one kind
The continuous closely steel structure body of earth-retaining or waterwall；
The preparation of construction includes: a. that requirement pile top elevation meets design calculating requirement, and steel sheet pile length value is detailed in steel sheet pile
Cofferdam design calculation；B. steel sheet pile is transported to behind building site and carries out detailed inspection, measures, classifies, numbers and register； c.
When steel sheet pile is checked and accepted, there should be related product certificate, mechanical performance and geometric dimension should meet construction requirement；D. fore shaft
It checks: meeting type with one piece of long 1.5m~2.0m, the steel sheet pile of specification makees standard, the steel sheet pile of all same types is done
Fore shaft inspection, inspection are to pull standard steel sheet pile flatcar with winch or hoist engine, are carried out from pile crown to stake tail；E. when sheet pile is long
When spending inadequate, spreading is welded with the steel sheet pile equal strength of same type, elder generation's butt welding or by interface repair welding joint close when welding, then weld reinforcing
Plate, adjacent panels staking slit, which should be noted that, to be staggered, and should do fore shaft by the steel sheet pile rebuild or welded and pass through test；F. steel sheet pile
Using a group stake inserting piling, add one of clamping plate every 4~5m, clamping plate is clipped before sheet pile lifting, is removed by paying when inserting piling, turnover
It uses；It is coated with butter mixture ointment in the fore shaft of group stake, to reduce frictional resistance when inserting piling and reinforce barrier performance；g.
When spelling corner pile, after one piece of steel sheet pile is longitudinally cut open, intermediate angle steel or steel plate bend welded connecting into corner pile；
The steel sheet pile plugs: light-dutyer pile frame is selected in a. piling, and hammer is preferably greater than stake weight again, and hammering energy is appropriate, choosing
Steel sheet pile is beaten with vibro-pile driver；B. before injection steel sheet pile, upstream and downstream certain distance and two sides land setting warp in cofferdam
Latitude instrument observation point, the injection positioning of the steel sheet pile to control the long and short edge direction in cofferdam；C. steel sheet pile is inserted using block-by-block or group
It fights to the finish or after full cofferdam first plugs together, then block-by-block or group are beaten；D. it will keep flat from first piece or group when inserting piling steel sheet pile
It is whole, several pieces be plugged beat it is steady after fixed with drawing strickle guide, then proceed to inserting piling, be normally carried out to make to drive piles, if a loop wheel machine is carried on a shoulder pole
It is negative to hang stake work；It must be helped after steel sheet pile lifting with manpower in the fore shaft for being inserted into previous piece, movement slowly will prevent damage from locking
Mouthful, slightly loose lifting rope, slides into stake with self weight, or pushed again with hammer, when relatively difficult, forces pitching pile with tackle pulley after insertion,
Be inserted into certain depth and stand stablize after, hammered；E. the fore shaft lower end cork plug of steel sheet pile piling direction of advance
Firmly, prevent silt particle from entering in fore shaft, inserting piling after influencing, all steel sheet piles with connector should be staggered use with jointless stake,
Its connector horizontal position should at least be staggered 2m or more up and down at a puss；F. guarantee what steel sheet pile inserting piling just, was directly smoothly closed up
Measure is to correct skew at any time, and skew, which exaggerates to be pulled up with pultrusion method straightening person, beats again, and when correcting invalid, answers special
Wedge pile closes up；G. when steel sheet pile group stake inserting piling, filleting putty and the quilts of stake are organized with blunt chisel caulked；The outside of group stake
Fore shaft should all be coated with butter or mixing ointment before inserting piling, and the mass ratio for mixing ointment is butter: pitch: dry sawdust: dry viscous
Soil=2: 2: 2: 1, to reduce frictional resistance when inserting piling, and reinforces seepage capability；
Drawing water in the cofferdam, leak stopping, clear base excavate, steel sheet pile waling and supported design calculate, positioning, installation and steel plate
The measurement of pile cofferdam and construction monitoring: draw water leak stopping, Construction of Supporting, clear base excavation, basis and pier construction: steel plate should first be carried out
Stake inserting piling is completed and can be drawn water after carrying out reinforcement measure, checks whether each point holds out against, timber wedge between sheet pile and drawing strickle guide when drawing water
Whether jam-packed, speed of drawing water is unsuitable too fast, to observe the situation of change in cofferdam at any time and make respective handling；It is seeped when fore shaft occurs
When leakage, with cotton-wool in inside caulked, while a large amount of sawdusts or cavings are spread on the outside of crack, carry it to leak certainly secretly by water flow
Row blocking；Using the water-stopping method for filling earth bag at footing when footing leaks, if footing leakage be because riverbed it is permeable caused by,
Then using to pervious bed pressure injection cement mortar or using the method sealing of underwater concrete back cover；
It pours water in the basis and pier construction and monitoring, cofferdam, Demolition Construction platform and monitoring and steel sheet pile extract, are whole
Reason: before a. steel sheet pile is extracted, should first by cofferdam support and other facilities remove successively from top to bottom, and pour water make successively
Inside and outside hydraulic balance, make sheet pile squeeze disappear, pile pulling device with hang ship, loop wheel machine, pile-driving and-pulling machine, jack, gin pole tackle pulley and
Hoist engine, pile pulling use long snap ring to be buckled on pile pulling hole as suspension centre；B. the steel sheet pile extracted should clean clean, repairing with water and arrange, apply
Brush antirust oil；Transport stack when, do not make to collide, prevent bending deformation, stack place and answer solid smooth, when stacking should be by sheet pile
Type, length are numbered respectively, are registered, stacking neatly.
2. according to claim 1 do bridge construction cofferdam method using steel sheet pile, it is characterized in that: the inspection: inspection
Surveying steel sheet pile inserting piling and quality in place should meet the following requirements: it is long to should not exceed stake for wedge pile upper and lower opening width difference when a. closes up
2% ；B. the gradient after reaching design altitude should not exceed 1%.
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| CN108225432B (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2020-04-28 | 常州工学院 | Refuse landfill impervious wall model testing device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108330995A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-07-27 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Construction method of steel sheet pile cofferdam in deep water thick silt layer environment |
| CN109914424B (en) * | 2019-03-23 | 2020-10-30 | 浙江景华建设有限公司 | Deep foundation pit supporting structure |
| CN110258607A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-20 | 王义东 | A kind of convenient construction method of bridge construction that mass concrete Pile-supported stand foundation is set |
| CN113309122A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-27 | 甘肃路桥第四公路工程有限责任公司 | Larsen steel sheet pile underwater tie beam construction method |
| CN113605421A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-11-05 | 中交路桥华南工程有限公司 | Method for mounting steel sheet pile |
| CN114525783B (en) * | 2022-02-26 | 2024-02-13 | 中铁二十四局集团有限公司 | Steel sheet pile inserting and driving process and inserting and driving positioning equipment in foundation pit construction |
| CN114705113B (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-08-09 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Gap plugging monitoring and resetting device and plugging resetting method |
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Effective date of registration: 20190730 Address after: 150000 Yangtze River Road 368, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province Patentee after: Longjian Road & Bridge Co., Ltd. Address before: 150009 Songshan Road, Nangang District, Heilongjiang, No. 109, No. Patentee before: Heiolongjiang Longjian Road & Bridge of THIRD BRANCH Co., Ltd. |