CN105035321A - Miniature cylindrical launched unmanned plane and launcher - Google Patents
Miniature cylindrical launched unmanned plane and launcher Download PDFInfo
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- CN105035321A CN105035321A CN201510394898.XA CN201510394898A CN105035321A CN 105035321 A CN105035321 A CN 105035321A CN 201510394898 A CN201510394898 A CN 201510394898A CN 105035321 A CN105035321 A CN 105035321A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a miniature cylindrical launched unmanned plane and a launcher. An unmanned plane is provided with folding wings and in a storage state, the wings are folded below the plane body so that a space utilization rate is high and transport and storage are convenient. The miniature cylindrical launched unmanned plane can be arranged in a launch canister with the corresponding caliber, can be carried conveniently and is suitable for individual equipment. The miniature cylindrical launched unmanned plane can be deployed conveniently and can be immediately used in an individual load state. The miniature cylindrical launched unmanned plane is free of a launch place and a runway, can be used in a plain, an abrupt slope or rough topography such as a mountainous region, has small topography dependence, can be operated simply and can realize one-click launch after communication between the unmanned plane launcher and a ground station.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to SUAV (small unmanned aerial vehicle) and transmitting field, particularly relate to a kind of small-sized cartridge type and launch unmanned plane and feedway.
Background technology
The launching phase of unmanned plane is often considered to the most difficult in unmanned plane tactics method, one of stage of most critical, and the launching phase of unmanned plane directly affects war skill index and the requirements such as maneuverability, Local Adaptation, reusability and the viability that Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) fights.
Needs are scouted in order to meet front, what put forward the earliest is the concept that cartridge type launches unmanned plane, namely by the mode of wing-folding, the unmanned plane with Foldable exhibition opening mechanism is loaded in the canister launcher of corresponding bore, in canister launcher, liquid/gas pressure energy is converted to mechanical kinetic energy, make unmanned plane accelerate to safe take-off speed in the canister launcher of certain length, after reconnaissance mission completes, selectivity self-destruction attack or parachuting landing recovery can be carried out to target;
But in SUAV (small unmanned aerial vehicle) transmitting field, domesticly not yet there is the successful case that cartridge type is launched, also without relevant report.The canister launch technology that similar technology is unmanned plane is launched with cartridge type.
Institutes Of Technology Of Nanjing with external canister launch unmanned plane for model, the high temperature and high speed gas flow field that injection joined by research rocket booster in unmanned plane emission process goes out the impact of tubular state on body, when using dynamic grid to launch unmanned plane, gas flow field carries out sunykatuib analysis, obtain the state such as speed, temperature, pressure of launching combustion gas in firing box in overall process, for the install and adjust of unmanned plane canister launch provides theoretical foundation.Compared with canister launch technology is launched with unmanned plane cartridge type, there is following shortcoming in canister launch technology: first due to heat emission in firing box by rocket assist, therefore need the analysis according to gas-flow temperature field and pressure field, and the jet exhaust device that can bear multiple high temp high-speed fuel gas stream need be installed; Secondly, the Pai Dao mechanism of canister launch technology is usually comparatively complicated, and the storage of the design priming system of canister launch technology, transport and use, and have certain danger, the feature such as sound, light, cigarette simultaneously in emission process makes launch site easily cruelly leak.
Northwestern Polytechnical University proposes the concept of morphing for the merits and faults of canister launch technology, morphing can be placed in undersized firing box by just large length unmanned plane, and according to different state of flights, wing setting is adjusted, enable to meet different flight performance requirements.Although morphing can change wing position and wing area to adapt to the requirement of different phase airworthiness, but it is corresponding, morphing must increase rotating shaft, connecting rod, steering wheel and engine installation on fuselage and wing, thus add the difficulty of loading firing box/cylinder, and mission payload coefficient has been diminished, can not more airborne investigation equipment.And morphing is in order to realize different wing array configurations, wing area is often less, and flying speed is fast, is unfavorable for investigation location.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of small-sized cartridge type and launch unmanned plane and feedway, different transmitting landform can be adapted to, and be convenient to store transport and investigation location, good concealment in emission process.
The present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A kind of small-sized cartridge type launches unmanned plane and feedway, comprise folding wings unmanned plane body, for accumulating and launch folding wings unmanned plane body cartridge type feedway and for folding wings unmanned plane body wing and launch latching device at the wing that transmitting launches unmanned plane wing afterwards;
Described folding wings unmanned plane body is made up of head, fuselage, a pair rear wing, a pair main wing, a pair vertical fin and a pair folding screw propeller; Described head and fuselage are mechanically connected by flange, and fuselage interior is provided with for isolating airborne equipment and increasing the polylith aviation laminate matter bulkhead of fuselage skin rigidity; Described main wing, rear wing and vertical fin all launch catch gear by wing and are connected with fuselage.
Described wing launches latching device and is made up of rotating shaft, rotating shaft fastener, top wing axle sleeve, lower wing axle sleeve, torsion spring and first, second steel blade; First, second wing axis cover fastens formation toroidal cavity, and arrange torsion spring in chamber, torsion spring two external part is connected with first, second wing axle sleeve respectively; Described rotating shaft is through covering and top wing axle sleeve, lower wing axle sleeve free-running fit under fuselage, and rotating shaft inwall is fixedly connected with by screw thread with rotating shaft fastener outer wall; Described rotating shaft is overlapped axial correspondence position at the one the second wing axiss and is processed with webge slot, and webge slot root processes first, second insert pocket, and the back of first, second steel blade is stuck in first, second insert pocket, and is interference fit.
The axial correspondence position of first, second described steel blade on shaft circumference surface with top wing axle sleeve, lower wing axle sleeve, and in the array distribution such as 180 ° on shaft circumference cross section, the edge of a knife direction of first, second steel blade is contrary.
Described cartridge type feedway comprises: canister launcher cylindrical shell, and the two ends of cylindrical shell are respectively arranged with upper end cover and bearing base, and the centre of cylindrical shell is provided with supporting leg; Cylinder inboard wall is provided with slide rail, and in cylindrical shell, rear end isolation is provided with low-pressure chamber, holes and hyperbaric chamber, and the top of low-pressure chamber is provided with transmitting push pedal; Low-pressure chamber and hyperbaric chamber are by holes UNICOM, and be provided with holes cover in holes, be placed with the fire in a stove before fuel is added and propellant powder bottom hyperbaric chamber, the fire in a stove before fuel is added is connected with electric signal transmitting terminal.
Be equipped with segmental pad in the axial direction outward with unmanned plane in described canister launcher cylindrical shell, segmental pad is placed in the middle part of unmanned plane wing, is made up of two pieces of semi-cylindrical polyfluortetraethylene plates, in a symmetrical arrangement with unmanned plane Y-Z face.
Launch push pedal by nylon push pedal and be arranged on release spring plunger in nylon push pedal, fuselage axial-rotation locating dowel pin forms; Release spring plunger, fuselage axial-rotation locating dowel pin are and are symmetrical arranged, and the axis of release spring plunger, fuselage axial-rotation locating dowel pin with fuselage axis to identical; Described release spring plunger stopper head is in impaction state locating dowel pin and coordinates with afterbody knock hole, guarantees that launching push pedal does not contact with the mount pad of screw propeller and fuselage.
Have spin-ended piece that prevents from rotating when unmanned plane is launched in unmanned machine barrel, described spin-ended piece is connected with head, and spin-ended piece and cylindrical shell slide rail free-running fit.
Described unmanned plane adopts series type layout: described main wing, rear wing are arranged on below fuselage, the stacked setting of left and right, and right flank is positioned at above left wing; Vertical fin is placed in afterbody and is arranged symmetrically with; Aileron is embedded in main wing, is controlled by yaw rudder, and folding screw propeller is arranged on unmanned plane afterbody, for aircraft provides thrust.
The present invention adopts
cartridge type feedway makescartridge type launch unmanned plane transport and storing state collapsible and be kept in canister launcher, space availability ratio is high, is convenient to transport and storage; And cartridge type transmitting unmanned plane can be launched immediately in canister launcher portable state, without the need to assembling and adjustment, effectively reduces the setup time before transmitting; Simple to operate, can realize a key after platform is connected to ground station or handheld terminal and launch, go out cylinder moment wing Automatic-expanding, without the need to transmitter site and runway during transmitting, in Plain, the rough topography such as abrupt slope or mountain region all can use, little to the dependence of transmitter site.Body of the present invention and canister launcher are made by composite material, and canister launcher portable state is no more than 5kg, and whole system can be portable by individual soldier, greatly improve scouting and the fight capability of individual soldier under Complex Battlefield Environments.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the complete axis of dilatation mapping of unmanned plane body wing;
Fig. 2 be unmanned plane body wing completely folding time outward appearance axonometric drawing;
Fig. 3 is unmanned plane body assembling relationship figure;
Fig. 4 is unmanned plane body fuselage and head assembling relationship figure;
Fig. 5 is that wing launches catch gear assembling explosive view;
Fig. 6 is that wing launches catch gear expansion process view;
Fig. 7 wing launches catch gear operating diagram;
Fig. 8 cartridge type feedway structural representation;
Fig. 9 is for launching plate pushing structure figure.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of small-sized cartridge type launches unmanned plane and feedway, comprise folding wings unmanned plane body, for place and launch folding wings unmanned plane body 6 cartridge type feedway and for folding wings unmanned plane body wing and launch latching device at the wing that transmitting launches unmanned plane wing afterwards; Described folding wings unmanned plane body is made up of head 9, fuselage 6, a pair rear wing 1, a pair main wing 10, a pair vertical fin 3 and a pair folding screw propeller 4; As shown in Figure 4, head 9 is mechanically connected by head flange 15 and fuselage flange 16 with fuselage 6, and the waist hole of the corresponding head flange of 3 tapped bore on fuselage flange, can according to circumstances finely tune.The main wing of described unmanned plane, rear wing all launch catch gear by wing with vertical fin and are connected with fuselage.
Fuselage interior is provided with for isolating airborne equipment and increasing the polylith aviation laminate matter bulkhead of fuselage skin rigidity; Described unmanned plane wing adopts series type layout, and main wing 10, rear wing 1, be arranged in below fuselage 6, is connected with fuselage 6 respectively by main wing expansion catch gear 8, rear wing folding and expanding mechanism 5.Main, rear wing left and right arranged stacked, right flank is positioned at above left wing; Vertical fin 3 is placed in afterbody and is symmetrically arranged, and launches catch gear 2 be connected with fuselage 6 by vertical fin; Aileron 7 is embedded in main wing 10 as the rear edge part of main wing, is connected with main wing 10 by hinge (being hidden in main wing).Yaw rudder 11 rotary output axis is directly connected the start angle for controlling it with aileron 7.Folding screw propeller 4 is arranged on unmanned plane afterbody, for aircraft provides thrust.
As shown in Figure 2, described wing launches latching device and comprises main wing expansion catch gear 8, rear wing expansion catch gear 5 and vertical fin expansion catch gear 2, and its structure is identical, and size is different.Main wing 10, rear wing 1 can launch catch gear 8 around main wing respectively, rear wing launches catch gear 5 and rotate, and then fold into below fuselage, and with fuselage axis line parallel.Vertical fin 3 launches catch gear 2 rotary folding around vertical fin, is close to afterbody both sides, and collapsible screw propeller 4 is folding is placed on vertical fin both sides.
Launch cylinder moment, unmanned plane is launched by folded state, as shown in Figure 3.The elastic element that main wing 10, rear wing 1 are launched in catch gear 8,5 by corresponding wing drives, to fuselage both sides to launch catch gear axis for axle center symmetry expansion.When wing launches to put in place, as shown in Figure 4: main wing 10, rear wing 1 wing wing root contact with main wing positive stop 12, rear wing positive stop 13 respectively, thus limit its expanded angle, wing is locked by collaborative wing catch gear; It is that axle center cw launches that left and right vertical fin 3 launches catch gear 2 axis according to it respectively, and launch to be undertaken spacing by vertical fin block 14 when putting in place, vertical fin 2 is locked by wing catch gear simultaneously; Collapsible screw propeller 4 rotates under driven by motor, rotates the centnifugal force produced and is thrown away by screw propeller 4.
As shown in Figure 5, wing main wing launched catch gear 8 in the past be example, and described wing expansion latching device is made up of rotating shaft 8-5, rotating shaft fastener 8-1, top wing axle sleeve 8-4, lower wing axle sleeve 8-2, torsion spring 8-3 and the first steel blade 8-6, the second steel blade; First, second axle sleeve forms a toroidal cavity when fastening, and arrange torsion spring 8-3 in chamber, torsion spring 8-3 two external part is connected with first, second axle sleeve respectively; When rotating shaft fastener 8-1 is threaded in rotating shaft 8-5, upper lower wing is just compacted gradually, and now upper and lower wing axle sleeve forms a toroidal cavity to hold torsion spring 8-3.When torsion spring 8-3 extension arm relatively rotates, wing axle sleeve just can drive wing to rotate.Top wing axle sleeve 8-4, lower wing axle sleeve 8-2 thickness are consistent with upper and lower wing thickness respectively, described rotating shaft 8-5 is through covering and top wing axle sleeve 8-4, lower wing axle sleeve 8-2 free-running fit under fuselage, and rotating shaft 8-5 inwall is fixedly connected with by screw thread with rotating shaft fastener outer wall;
Described rotating shaft 8-5 is processed with webge slot at the axial correspondence position of machine second nylon sleeve, and webge slot root processes first, second insert pocket, and the back of first, second steel blade is stuck in first, second insert pocket, and is interference fit.Concrete, rotating shaft 8-5 is at the processing wedged groove of the axial correspondence position of top wing axle sleeve 8-4, and webge slot root processes insert pocket 8-7, and the first steel blade 8-6 back is stuck in insert pocket 8-7, interference fit.First, second described steel blade radial direction is 180 to distribute respectively with the radial direction of top wing axle sleeve 8-4, lower wing axle sleeve 8-2, and the edge of a knife direction of first, second steel blade is contrary, acts on similarly turning to contrary ratchet for a pair.
In wing expansion process, wing launches catch gear service condition as shown in Figure 6, wing axle sleeve clickwise, the first steel blade 8-6 is bent, because steel blade and nylon have little friction coefficient, wing axle sleeve can rotate clockwise, and shows as wing and launches; When unmanned plane during flying, wing flies (Fig. 7) when windage occurs rotating counterclockwise trend before being subject to, and the first steel blade 8-6 cuts top wing axle sleeve 8-4, hinders wing to rotate counterclockwise, and shows as wing locking.
Cartridge type feedway described as shown in Figure 8 comprises canister launcher cylindrical shell 22, and the two ends of cylindrical shell 22 are respectively arranged with upper end cover and bearing base 17, and the centre of cylindrical shell 22 is provided with supporting leg, depending on not going out in figure; Cylindrical shell 22 inwall is provided with slide rail 24, and the rear end isolation in cylindrical shell 22 is provided with low-pressure chamber 21, holes 28 and hyperbaric chamber 20, and the top of low-pressure chamber 21 is provided with launches push pedal 27; Low-pressure chamber 21 and hyperbaric chamber 20 are by holes 28 UNICOM, and be provided with holes cover 29 in holes, be placed with the fire in a stove before fuel is added 18 and propellant powder 19 bottom hyperbaric chamber, the fire in a stove before fuel is added is connected with electric signal transmitting terminal.Cartridge type trigger mechanism schematic diagram, launch cylindrical shell 22 and adopt glass-reinforced plastic material, rear end is coordinated with bearing base 17 by screw thread.Bearing base is made up of two parts 17-1 and 17-2, isolates low-pressure chamber 20 at cylinder back-end, holes 28 and hyperbaric chamber 21, and the gaseous tension produced when bearing transmitting when launching.The fire in a stove before fuel is added 18 and ignition device are positioned at bearing base front end 17-1, near propellant powder 19.Holes cover is close to inside bearing base 17-2, adjusts its thickness and can control unmanned plane emission rate curve.
Be equipped with segmental pad 26 in the axial direction outward with unmanned plane in described canister launcher cylindrical shell, segmental pad 26 is placed in the middle part of unmanned plane wing, is made up of two pieces of semi-cylindrical polyfluortetraethylene plates, in a symmetrical arrangement with unmanned plane Y-Z face.When unmanned plane is launched tin, the random span of segmental pad 26 is opened and is ejected to the left and right sides.Spin-ended piece 23 shown in figure is fixedly connected with head 9, and spin-ended piece 23 and cylindrical shell slide rail 24 free-running fit, prevent the unmanned plane interior rotation of cylindrical shell again.
As shown in Figure 9, launch push pedal 27 and gaseous tension is directly delivered to unmanned aerial vehicle body 6, keep screw propeller 4 and screw propeller mount pad 31 does not stress and position is fixed.Launch push pedal to be made up of nylon push pedal 27-3 and release spring plunger 27-1, the fuselage axial-rotation locating dowel pin 27-2 be arranged in inverse imperial push pedal; Release spring plunger, fuselage axial-rotation locating dowel pin are and are symmetrical arranged, and the axis of release spring plunger, fuselage axial-rotation locating dowel pin with fuselage axis to identical; Release spring plunger 27-1 is connected with nylon push pedal 27-3 by screw thread.Before unmanned plane is launched, unmanned aerial vehicle body 6 contacts with nylon push pedal, and release spring plunger 27-1 stopper head is in impaction state; After unmanned plane launches cylinder, release spring plunger 27-1 stopper head ejects under the action of the spring, thus transmitting push pedal 27 and unmanned aerial vehicle body 6 is departed from.Locating dowel pin 27-2 coordinates with afterbody knock hole 30, guarantees that launching push pedal 27 does not contact with screw propeller 4 and mount pad 31 thereof.
Claims (8)
1. small-sized cartridge type launches unmanned plane and a feedway, it is characterized in that: comprise folding wings unmanned plane body, for accumulating and launch folding wings unmanned plane body cartridge type feedway and for folding wings unmanned plane body wing and launch latching device at the wing that transmitting launches unmanned plane wing afterwards;
Described folding wings unmanned plane body is made up of head, fuselage, a pair rear wing, a pair main wing, a pair vertical fin and a pair folding screw propeller; Described head and fuselage are mechanically connected by flange, and fuselage interior is provided with for isolating airborne equipment and increasing the polylith aviation laminate matter bulkhead of fuselage skin rigidity; Described main wing, rear wing and vertical fin all launch catch gear by wing and are connected with fuselage.
2. small-sized cartridge type according to claim 1 launches unmanned plane and feedway, it is characterized in that: described wing launches latching device and is made up of rotating shaft, rotating shaft fastener, top wing axle sleeve, lower wing axle sleeve, torsion spring and first, second steel blade; First, second wing axis cover fastens formation toroidal cavity, and arrange torsion spring in chamber, torsion spring two external part is connected with first, second wing axle sleeve respectively; Described rotating shaft is through covering and top wing axle sleeve, lower wing axle sleeve free-running fit under fuselage, and rotating shaft inwall is fixedly connected with by screw thread with rotating shaft fastener outer wall; Described rotating shaft is overlapped axial correspondence position at the one the second wing axiss and is processed with webge slot, and webge slot root processes first, second insert pocket, and the back of first, second steel blade is stuck in first, second insert pocket, and is interference fit.
3. small-sized cartridge type according to claim 2 launches unmanned plane and feedway, it is characterized in that: the axial correspondence position of first, second described steel blade on shaft circumference surface with top wing axle sleeve, lower wing axle sleeve, and in the array distribution such as 180 ° on shaft circumference cross section, the edge of a knife direction of first, second steel blade is contrary.
4. small-sized cartridge type according to claim 3 launches unmanned plane and feedway, and it is characterized in that: described cartridge type feedway comprises: canister launcher cylindrical shell, the two ends of cylindrical shell are respectively arranged with upper end cover and bearing base, and the centre of cylindrical shell is provided with supporting leg; Cylinder inboard wall is provided with slide rail, and in cylindrical shell, rear end isolation is provided with low-pressure chamber, holes and hyperbaric chamber, and the top of low-pressure chamber is provided with transmitting push pedal; Low-pressure chamber and hyperbaric chamber are by holes UNICOM, and be provided with holes cover in holes, be placed with the fire in a stove before fuel is added and propellant powder bottom hyperbaric chamber, the fire in a stove before fuel is added is connected with electric signal transmitting terminal.
5. small-sized cartridge type according to claim 4 launches unmanned plane and feedway, it is characterized in that: in described canister launcher cylindrical shell, be equipped with segmental pad in the axial direction outward with unmanned plane, segmental pad is placed in the middle part of unmanned plane wing, be made up of two pieces of semi-cylindrical polyfluortetraethylene plates, in a symmetrical arrangement with unmanned plane Y-Z face.
6. small-sized cartridge type according to claim 5 launches unmanned plane and feedway, it is characterized in that: launch push pedal by nylon push pedal and be arranged on release spring plunger in nylon push pedal, fuselage axial-rotation locating dowel pin forms; Release spring plunger, fuselage axial-rotation locating dowel pin are and are symmetrical arranged, and the axis of release spring plunger, fuselage axial-rotation locating dowel pin with fuselage axis to identical; Described release spring plunger stopper head is in impaction state locating dowel pin and coordinates with afterbody knock hole, guarantees that launching push pedal does not contact with the mount pad of screw propeller and fuselage.
7. small-sized cartridge type according to claim 6 launches unmanned plane and feedway, it is characterized in that: have spin-ended piece that prevents from rotating when unmanned plane is launched in unmanned machine barrel, described spin-ended piece is connected with head, and spin-ended piece and cylindrical shell slide rail free-running fit.
8. small-sized cartridge type according to claim 7 launches unmanned plane and feedway, it is characterized in that: described unmanned plane adopts series type layout: described main wing, rear wing are arranged on below fuselage, the stacked setting of left and right, and right flank is positioned at above left wing; Vertical fin is placed in afterbody and is arranged symmetrically with; Aileron is embedded in main wing, is controlled by yaw rudder, and folding screw propeller is arranged on unmanned plane afterbody, for aircraft provides thrust.
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