CN105034489A - 一种锂电池高阻隔型耐酸耐应力铝塑膜 - Google Patents
一种锂电池高阻隔型耐酸耐应力铝塑膜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种锂电池高阻隔型耐酸耐应力铝塑膜，包括环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤层、改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体层、铝箔层、胶粘剂层、改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层，所述铝塑膜由内到外依次层叠所述环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤层、改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体层、铝箔层、胶粘剂层、改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层。本发明具有优异的阻隔性能、热封性能、延展性能、耐腐蚀性能和强的粘结性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电池包装材料领域，特别涉及一种锂电池高阻隔型耐酸耐应力铝塑膜。
背景技术
铝塑膜是软包装锂离子电池***最重要的材料，其可以保护电池内部电解液和电极的稳定性，避免环境水汽、化学药品、紫外、氧化性气体等因素对内部电解液和电极的影响，使锂离子电池具有更长的使用寿命。
锂离子电池***材料的质量好坏直接关系锂离子电池的成品率，其对水分和氧气等阻隔性要求非常严格，环境水分的渗透会影响电池内部电解液的组成，使电解液分解出强腐蚀性氢氟酸，反过来腐蚀破坏***包装铝塑膜材料，从而导致电池失效；还有氧气等气体进入电池液会导致电解液发生化学氧化、溶胀等问题，导致气胀现象，同样也会导致电池使用年限降低等问题；另外，铝塑膜是锂电池的组成之一，其还需有优良的冷冲压成型性能、耐穿刺性能和绝缘热封性能，而如何有效提高锂离子电池包装应用铝塑膜的阻隔性、加工成型性和化学稳定性是行业中十分关注和重点研发的技术问题。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种锂电池高阻隔型耐酸耐应力铝塑膜，该铝塑膜具有优异的阻隔性能、热封性能、延展性能、耐腐蚀性能和强的粘结性能。
本发明的技术方案为：一种锂电池高阻隔型耐酸耐应力铝塑膜，包括环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤层、改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体层、铝箔层、胶粘剂层、改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层，所述铝塑膜由内到外依次层叠所述环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤层、改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体层、铝箔层、胶粘剂层、改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤层中环烯烃共聚物与聚丙烯混合比例为3/97～10/90；所述环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤层的厚度为20～60μm。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体层的材料为马来酸酐、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚酰胺、非晶性的聚苯醚、聚碳酸酯、乙烯-丁烯共聚物为中间弹性嵌段的线性三嵌共聚物、苯乙烯系热塑性弹性体及无机填料粒子中的一种或两种以上组合按任意比例进行改性；所述无机填料粒子为纳米高领土、纳米二氧化硅、滑石粉、硅灰石、纳米碳酸钙、纳米氧化钙、纳米氧化铝中的一种或两种以上组合；所述改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体层的厚度为20～60μm。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述铝箔层的材料为8011铝箔、1235铝箔、1060铝箔、8021铝箔、8079铝箔、1145铝箔、1050铝箔、1100铝箔、1100铝箔、3003铝箔、3105铝箔、3005铝箔、5052铝箔中的一种或两种以上组合；所述铝箔层厚度为30-60μm。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述铝箔层的铝箔热处理状态为O态、12态或超软态中的一种。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述胶粘剂层的材料为单组分聚氨酯胶粘剂、双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂、聚丙烯酸树脂胶粘剂、聚醋酸乙烯胶粘剂、脲醛树脂胶粘剂、环氧树脂胶粘剂中的一种或两种以上组合。
作为本发明的一种优选方案，所述改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层中改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺的混合比例为1/99～1；所述改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层的厚度为30～60μm。
采用上述技术方案后，本发明的有益效果是：
首先，该铝塑膜内层为环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤物，提高了内层材料阻水、防酸性能；其次，热熔胶膜选择改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体替代，可提高该层的阻水、防腐蚀性；外层采用改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层可有效避免聚丙烯原有的吸水和聚酰胺原有内聚力低、易开裂的问题。该铝塑膜内外层均为共挤层，内层与铝箔采用热熔复合技术，外层与铝箔采用胶粘剂粘结的干复胶复合技术，制造简单，粘结牢固。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
其中，1为环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤层；2为改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体层；3为铝箔层；4为胶粘剂层；5为改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
如图1所示，本发明提供了一种锂电池高阻隔型耐酸耐应力铝塑膜，包括环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤层1、改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体层2、铝箔层3、胶粘剂层4、改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层5，所述铝塑膜由内到外依次层叠所述环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤层1、改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体层2、铝箔层3、胶粘剂层4、改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层5。
所述环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤层1中环烯烃共聚物与聚丙烯中可按任意比例混合，优选范围为3/97～10/90。所述环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤层1的厚度为20～60μm。
所述改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体层2的材料为马来酸酐、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚酰胺、非晶性的聚苯醚、聚碳酸酯、乙烯-丁烯共聚物为中间弹性嵌段的线性三嵌共聚物、苯乙烯系热塑性弹性体及无机填料中的一种或两种以上组合按任意比例进行改性；所述无机填料粒子为纳米高领土、纳米二氧化硅、滑石粉、硅灰石、纳米碳酸钙、纳米氧化钙、纳米氧化铝中的一种或两种以上组合。所述改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体层2的厚度为20～60μm。
所述铝箔层3的材料可选8011铝箔、1235铝箔、1060铝箔、8021铝箔、8079铝箔、1145铝箔、1050铝箔、1100铝箔、1100铝箔、3003铝箔、3105铝箔、3005铝箔、5052铝箔中的一种或两种以上组合。所述铝箔层3的铝箔热处理状态为O态、12态或超软态中的一种，性能要求拉伸强度(纵、横向)均大于60MPa，断裂伸长率(纵、横向)均大于3％。所述铝箔层3厚度优选为30～60μm。
所述胶粘剂层4的材料为单组分聚氨酯胶粘剂、双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂、聚丙烯酸树脂胶粘剂、聚醋酸乙烯胶粘剂、脲醛树脂胶粘剂、环氧树脂胶粘剂中的一种或两种以上组合。胶粘剂的粘结方式可采用-OH与-NCO交联固化的方式进行复合粘结。胶粘剂层4厚度优先为2～7μm。
所述改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层5中改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺可按任意比例进行混合，优选范围为1/99～1之间。所述改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层5的厚度优先为30～60μm。聚丙烯改性可选用无机填料、马来酸酐、丙烯酸、乙丙橡胶、EPDM、POE、EVA、SBS、LDPE、聚酰胺、聚氨酯、聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸酯、聚酯、聚偏二氯乙烯、聚乙烯醇、玻璃纤维、聚四氟乙烯中的一种或两种以上组合，其中改性聚丙烯中无机填料可选轻或重碳酸钙、滑石粉、云母粉、高领土、硅灰石、硫酸钡粉、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、炭黑、金属粉末、石墨、二硫化钼、硼砂中的一种或两种以上组合。
该铝塑膜的制造工艺步骤如下：
1.环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤物与铝箔间应用改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体进行热熔复合，形成铝塑膜半成品；
2.在铝塑膜半成品铝箔的外表面与改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤物间涂覆胶粘剂进行干复胶复合、干燥，形成铝塑膜初成品。
3.对该铝塑膜初成品进行熟化，形成成品。
本发明的产品经过测定达到以下指标：
1.剥离强度测试：电解液浸泡85℃、7天，层间剥离强度大于等于8N/15mm；
2.抗渗透性测试：在60℃的水中浸泡14天，无分层，重量变化小于0.05克。
3.用生产现场模具成型，用卡尺测成型深度，最大冲深为双面冲深。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种锂电池高阻隔型耐酸耐应力铝塑膜，其特征在于，包括环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤层、改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体层、铝箔层、胶粘剂层、改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层，所述铝塑膜由内到外依次层叠所述环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤层、改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体层、铝箔层、胶粘剂层、改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层。
2.根据权利要求1中所述的锂电池高阻隔型耐酸耐应力铝塑膜，其特征在于，所述环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤层中环烯烃共聚物与聚丙烯混合比例为3/97～10/90；所述环烯烃共聚物和聚丙烯共挤层的厚度为20-60μm。
3.根据权利要求1中所述的锂电池高阻隔型耐酸耐应力铝塑膜，其特征在于，所述改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体层的材料为马来酸酐、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚酰胺、非晶性的聚苯醚、聚碳酸酯、乙烯-丁烯共聚物为中间弹性嵌段的线性三嵌共聚物、苯乙烯系热塑性弹性体及无机填料粒子中的一种或两种以上组合按任意比例进行改性；所述无机填料粒子为纳米高领土、纳米二氧化硅、滑石粉、硅灰石、纳米碳酸钙、纳米氧化钙、纳米氧化铝中的一种或两种以上组合；所述改性聚烯烃热塑性弹性体层的厚度为20～60μm。
4.根据权利要求1中所述的锂电池高阻隔型耐酸耐应力铝塑膜，其特征在于，所述铝箔层的材料为8011铝箔、1235铝箔、1060铝箔、8021铝箔、8079铝箔、1145铝箔、1050铝箔、1100铝箔、1100铝箔、3003铝箔、3105铝箔、3005铝箔、5052铝箔中的一种或两种以上组合；所述铝箔层厚度为30-60μm。
5.根据权利要求4中所述的锂电池高阻隔型耐酸耐应力铝塑膜，其特征在于，所述铝箔层的铝箔热处理状态为O态、12态或超软态中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1中所述的锂电池高阻隔型耐酸耐应力铝塑膜，其特征在于，所述胶粘剂层的材料为单组分聚氨酯胶粘剂、双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂、聚丙烯酸树脂胶粘剂、聚醋酸乙烯胶粘剂、脲醛树脂胶粘剂、环氧树脂胶粘剂中的一种或两种以上组合。
7.根据权利要求1中所述的锂电池高阻隔型耐酸耐应力铝塑膜，其特征在于，所述改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层中改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺的混合比例为1/99～1；所述改性聚丙烯与聚酰胺共挤层的厚度为30～60μm。
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Application publication date: 20151111 |
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