CN105028891B - A kind of de- cadmium rice bran protein and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of de- cadmium rice bran protein and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 219
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 219
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000001814 protein method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 218
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N Mesotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-XIXRPRMCSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 108010011619 6-Phytase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 19
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- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000024881 catalytic activity Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001187 sodium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
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- WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+) Chemical compound [Cd+2] WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 235000019624 protein content Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 210000002421 Cell Wall Anatomy 0.000 description 3
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- 102000005575 Cellulases Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 229950002499 Fytic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N Inositol-hexakisphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940068041 Phytic Acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 241000209149 Zea Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 235000002949 phytic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000467 phytic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 102000033147 ERVK-25 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108091005771 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- CSMQEFOVFJLRSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium;2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound [Cd].OC(=O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O CSMQEFOVFJLRSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014103 egg white Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000000969 egg white Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- YJISHJVIRFPGGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[5-[3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyloxane-3,4-diol Chemical compound O1C(CO)C(OC)C(O)C(O)C1OCC1C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O2)O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(C)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 YJISHJVIRFPGGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004267 EU approved acidity regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229950003499 FIBRIN Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWGVNKXGVNDBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fibrin Chemical compound CNC(=O)CNC(=O)CN BWGVNKXGVNDBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000009123 Fibrin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010073385 Fibrin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940100486 RICE STARCH Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019774 Rice Bran oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000008529 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 101700013109 WHITE Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- UVAFMKACRWFABQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium;cadmium(2+);trichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[K+].[Cd+2] UVAFMKACRWFABQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000000751 protein extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A kind of de- cadmium rice bran protein and preparation method thereof, the de- cadmium rice bran protein is made in accordance with the following methods：（1）By defatted rice bran ultramicro grinding；（2）Add water mixed configuration suspension；（3）Suspension is subjected to colloid mill homogeneous and high-pressure homogeneous, obtains homogenizing fluid；（4）Ultrasonic enzymolysis is carried out with cellulase, hemicellulase and phytase, obtains enzymolysis liquid；（5）Enzymolysis liquid tartaric acid tune acid is precipitated, is sheared, centrifugation obtains rice bran protein precipitation；（6）Washing, it is dry,.The present invention takes off cadmium content≤0.1mg/kg in cadmium rice bran protein, meets the requirement to cadmium limit index in GB2762 2012, extrusion rate >=90% of cadmium, rice bran protein yield >=70% in rice bran protein；The food grade accessory ingredients used during entirely extraction rice bran protein, securely and reliably, the rice bran protein of production can be used as infant food nourishing additive agent, and added value of product is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of de- cadmium rice bran proteins and preparation method thereof, and in particular to a kind of ultramicro grinding, homogeneous, ultrasound
The de- cadmium rice bran protein and preparation method thereof of enzymolysis, tartrate precipitate synergistic effect.
Background technology
Rice bran is the Main By product after brown rice pearling, China's rice bran resource the first in the world.Rice bran is the essence of paddy seed
It is a kind of high added value resource of great exploitation potential where magnificent.Most important application is system to rice bran in the food industry at present
Standby rice bran oil, the defatted rice bran after oil expression contain 15~20% protein, can be used to further Approach for Development of Rice Bran Protein.Rice bran egg
It is a kind of hypoallergenic albumen in vain, amino acid composition is reasonable, and biological value is high, is particularly suitable for exploitation dispensed food for baby,
It is a kind of novel plant albumen of great exploitation potential.
In recent years, China some areas frequency shows the exceeded phenomenon of rice cadmium.During cadmium is transported from stems and leaves of rice to seed,
It can selectively be combined in the form of complex compound with protein, therefore, cadmium is easily enriched in the higher position of protein content.Pass through
The cadmium content of analysis each institutional framework of paddy show that cadmium is in cortex, perisperm layer and aleurone rice bran as main component
Content highest.Therefore, developing food products grade rice bran protein, it is necessary to cadmium is taken off in rice bran protein preparation process.
Currently, there are mainly three types of the extracting methods of rice bran protein：Alkaline process, enzyme process and Physical.
Alkaline process is most common rice bran protein extracting method.CN102150738A discloses a kind of preparation side of rice bran protein
Method, technical solution are to be soaked using alkali twice according to the heavy principle of rice bran protein alkali soluble acid and separation process prepares rice bran egg twice
In vain, it has a defect that：Temperature is higher when alkali soaks（60~80 DEG C）, cause rice bran protein flavor, color and luster and nutritive peculiarity compared with
Difference.
Enzyme process is the rice bran protein extracting method of rising in recent years.CN101012471B, which is disclosed, a kind of using multiplex-enzyme extraction
The method of rice bran protein, technical solution are using phytase, hemicellulase, cellulase, rice song protease composite hydrolysis
Defatted rice bran prepares rice bran protein, and the method reaction condition is mild, and Protein Extraction yield is higher, has a defect that：Albumen
Enzyme hydrolysis can destroy the structure of rice bran protein, influence the performance of rice bran protein functional character.
Physical prepares rice bran protein and haves the shortcomings that protein recovery is low, often with alkaline process or enzyme process assisted extraction rice bran
Albumen.103355470 B of CN disclose a kind of rice bran protein solubilizing method, and technical solution is to use multigelation and height
Speed shearing is then digested in addition amylase, cellulase and phytase in alternating electric field, finally so that the crushing of rice bran particle
Amino acid type amphoteric surfactant ultrasonic vibration is added and prepares rice bran protein, which can be improved rice bran protein water solubility, deposit
Defect be：Complex process, it is of high cost.
Currently, being unfolded mainly around rice protein except the research of cadmium in corn gluten protein preparation process.
CN103283932A discloses a kind of de- cadmium rice protein and its preparation method and application, and technical solution is by rice
For slag after organic acid soln takes off Cadmium treated, the cadmium content being process is less than the rice protein of 0.1mg/kg.It is existing scarce
Falling into is：Acid solution acidity is too strong, and pH values are 2.5~3.5, causes rice protein denaturation degrees high, influences rice protein function
Property.
CN103621852A discloses the method for removing cadmium of a kind of rice and its product, is by rice or rice food（Including
Rice flour, rice starch, rice noodles or rice protein powder）It is de- using the compounding agent solvent soaking containing citric acid, sodium chloride and potassium chloride
Cadmium 500g rice protein powders is added in 2000g deionized waters in embodiment 3, and the compounding reactant of 25g is then added
（46% citric acid）, the pH value that soak after compounding reactant is added is roughly calculated is less than 2.0, therefore acidity is too strong, can cause
Rice protein denaturation degrees are high, influence rice protein function property, in addition, the method is raw material except cadmium using rice protein, raw material at
This height.Since above-mentioned de- cadmium rice protein preparation method is there are soak acidity is too strong, the defect for causing rice protein to be denaturalized, institute
Not to be suitable for the de- cadmium of the rice bran protein of extraction.
Currently, the document about rice bran protein extracting method is more, but except the report of cadmium while extracting rice bran protein
Road is less.CN103549234B discloses a kind of method of abatement cereal heavy metal, with heavy metal pollution rice, wheat and corn
The equal cereal processing byproduct such as cereal and rice bran, wheat bran is raw material, by removal of impurities, cleaning, immersion, defibrination, sedimentation separation must on
Clear liquid obtains corn gluten protein after pH regulation and control, sedimentation or UF membrane, washing, sedimentation, drying, and this method can be by cadmium content
The removing heavy-metal chaff dregs of rice of cadmium content 0.681mg/kg are obtained after the chaff dregs of rice processing of 1.28mg/kg, still, de- cadmium is ineffective, only
Meet《GB 13078-2001 forage health standards》In requirement to cadmium limit index.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome drawbacks described above of the existing technology, provide a kind of method letter
Single practical, rice bran protein recovery rate is high, and cadmium removal rate therein is high, and cadmium content meets national standard, can be used as infant food
De- cadmium rice bran protein of nourishing additive agent and preparation method thereof.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is as follows：A kind of de- cadmium rice bran protein, according to lower section
Method is made：（1）By defatted rice bran ultramicro grinding；（2）Add water mixed configuration suspension；（3）Suspension is subjected to colloid mill homogeneous
With it is high-pressure homogeneous, obtain homogenizing fluid；（4）Ultrasonic enzymolysis is carried out with cellulase, hemicellulase and phytase, obtains enzymolysis liquid；（5）
Enzymolysis liquid tartaric acid tune acid is precipitated, is sheared, centrifugation obtains rice bran protein precipitation；（6）Washing, it is dry,.
Further, it is specifically made in accordance with the following methods：
（1）Ultramicro grinding：Defatted rice bran is first subjected to coarse crushing, then carries out ultramicro grinding, obtains defatted rice bran fine powder；
（2）Water is added to mix：By step（1）Gained defatted rice bran fine powder adds water to stir evenly, and is configured to the outstanding of 8~10w/v%
Turbid；
（3）Homogeneous：By step（2）Gained suspension by colloid mill under the conditions of 2000~4000rpm, homogeneous 10~
20min, then under the conditions of 20~40Mpa, high-pressure homogeneous 15~30min obtains defatted rice bran homogenizing fluid；
（4）Ultrasound enzymolysis：By step（3）Gained defatted rice bran homogenizing fluid carries out being ultrasonically treated 5~10min for the first time, adjusts
PH value is saved to 5~6, adds and is equivalent to 1~2% cellulase of defatted rice bran fine powder quality and 1~2% hemicellulase,
It is stirred to react 1~2h；Second of 5~10min of supersound process is carried out again, is then added and is equivalent to defatted rice bran fine powder quality 1
~2% phytase, is stirred to react 1~2h, obtains enzymolysis liquid；
（5）Tartrate precipitate：By step（4）To 3.5~4.0, then the temperature adjustment of gained enzymolysis liquid adjusts pH value to 2~8 DEG C
At 8000~10000rpm, 20~40s is sheared, shearing 3~5 times is repeated, is subsequently agitated for 30~60min of reaction, finally centrifuges,
Supernatant is removed, rice bran protein precipitation is obtained；
（6）Washing, drying：By step（5）Gained rice bran protein precipitation washes with water, and adds and is equivalent to its volume 4~6
Deionized water again stirs evenly, and adjusts pH values to neutrality, centrifugation, removal precipitation, finally by the rice bran protein solution after de- cadmium
It is freeze-dried, obtains de- cadmium rice bran protein.
Studies have shown that passing through step（1）Ultramicro grinding and step（3）The physical method of homogeneous handles defatted rice bran, not only
The recovery rate of rice bran protein can be improved, and the cadmium ion for forming complex compound with rice bran protein is fully exposed, favorably
In desorption complexing inside rice bran protein and the complex state cadmium ion on surface.Ultramicro grinding and homogenization intensity is too low to cause
The extrusion rate of rice bran protein recovery rate and cadmium declines, and intensity is excessively high, rice bran protein denaturation degrees can be caused to increase, rice bran protein
Recovery rate declines, and can also increase corresponding production cost.
Step（5）In, acidity regulator --- tartaric acid can not only chelate cadmium ion as protein precipitant, be formed
Acid soluble tartaric acid cadmium, and inventors discovered through research that, compared to other acidity regulators, for example, citric acid, lactic acid,
Malic acid, acetic acid etc., the rice bran protein dissolubility and steady dissolution of tartaric acid extraction are all best.Meanwhile high speed shear
Rice bran protein acid sinks suspension, can avoid rice bran protein and forms aggregation during acid is heavy, to hinder part cadmium ion not
It can be chelated by tartaric acid.If tartrate precipitate acidity is excessively high, i.e. pH value ＜ 3.5 may make rice bran protein denaturation degrees substantially to increase
Add, rice bran protein yield is caused to decline to a great extent, functional character is lost；If tartrate precipitate acidity is too small, i.e. pH value ＞ 4.0 makes
It is limited to obtain tartaric acid chelating cadmium ion ability, causes the extrusion rate of rice bran protein cadmium relatively low.
Further, step（4）In, the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 1 × 104~2 × 104U/g, the enzyme of hemicellulase
Living is 1 × 105~2 × 105The enzyme activity of U/g, phytase are 1 × 105~2 × 105U/g.Cellulase, hemicellulase and
The phytase component that hydrocellulose, hemicellulose and phytic acid etc. are combined closely with rice bran protein respectively, can not only improve egg
White recovery rate, and avoid the enzymatic hydrolysis based on protease and can destroy the defect of rice bran protein complete structure；Meanwhile it adopting
With ultrasound-assisted enzymolysis, using ultrasonic wave good directionality, penetration capacity is strong the features such as, directly acted on by ultrasonic cavitation
Inside rice bran particle, further destruction rice bran protein is combined closely with other components, is promoted rice bran protein dissolving, is improved egg
White recovery rate；In addition, ultrasonic wave is also beneficial to the complex state cadmium ion that desorption is attached to rice bran protein inside and surface.
Further, step（4）In, the supersonic frequency that the first time is ultrasonically treated is 10~30kHz, and temperature is room temperature；
Second of supersonic frequency being ultrasonically treated is 20~40kHz, and temperature is 40~50 DEG C.Inventor is through repeatedly studies have shown that phytic acid
Enzyme is higher than the optimal reactive temperature of cellulase, hemicellulase, is not suitable for being added together, using stepwise discretization method, albumen
Matter recovery rate is by higher.It is for auxiliary fiber element lysed cells wall, because of rice bran cell wall for the first time using twice ultrasonic method
Middle content of cellulose is more, destroys combining closely for the components such as rice bran protein and cellulose by ultrasonic cavitation, adds
Cellulase, hemicellulase destroy cell wall structure, are easy that protein is made to split away off from cell wall；Second of ultrasound
Processing increase supersonic frequency, be in order to using ultrasonic wave good directionality, penetration capacity is strong the features such as, preferably act on rice bran
Inside particle, combining closely for other components such as rice bran protein and phytic acid is further destroyed.Since temperature is for ultrasonication
It influences less, therefore, first time is ultrasonic at normal temperatures, for the second time since cellulase hydrolysis reaction has increased temperature, no
Necessity drops to room temperature again, need to only temperature be maintained to be ultrasonically treated.
Further, step（1）In, cadmium content is 0.2~0.4mg/kg in the defatted rice bran.Egg in the defatted rice bran
White matter content is 17~19w/w%.The cereal materials of the heavy metals exceeding standards such as usual cadmium cannot be used for food processing, but state
Family otherwise expressly provided, the grain of 0.2~0.4mg/kg of cadmium content, if it is possible to by the technologies such as physics, chemistry, biology by its
It is reduced to the range of national Specification, so that it may which, for food processing, meaning of the present invention is exactly that this part is made to contain cadmium
Rice bran can be fully used.
Further, step（1）In, the coarse crushing refers to that defatted rice bran crushed 60 mesh sieve, and the ultramicro grinding is
Refer to and defatted rice bran is crushed to granularity as 120~180 mesh.
Further, step（4）In, the temperature that the cellulase and hemicellulase are stirred to react is 40~50 DEG C, institute
It is 45~55 DEG C to state the temperature that phytase is stirred to react, and the rotating speed being stirred to react is 200~300rpm；Step（5）In, it is described
The rotating speed being stirred to react is 200~300rpm.
Further, step（4）、（5）In, the reagent for adjusting pH value is tartaric acid；Step（6）In, for adjusting pH
The reagent of value is sodium carbonate.Step（6）In, it is neutral, the supernatant centrifuged to adjust rice bran protein slurry pH values with sodium carbonate
Liquid is de- cadmium rice bran protein, and precipitation is mainly starch, insoluble fibrin, insoluble protein etc. in defatted rice bran, due to rice
Chaff albumen carries out acid using tartaric acid and sinks, and rice bran protein precipitation has been washed, and pH value readjustment neutrality is added at this time
Sodium carbonate amount is less, does not interfere with the safety of rice bran protein.
Further, step（5）In, it is 1~3min to repeat the time interval between shearing manipulation.Separated in time again into
It is in order to avoid long-time continuous shear stress leads to protein denaturation that row, which repeats shearing manipulation,.
Further, step（5）、（6）In, the centrifugation refers to centrifuging 10~20min at 2000~4000rpm.
Step（6）In, described wash with water refers to clear with the deionized water for being equivalent to rice bran protein 2~3 times of volumes of precipitation
It washes >=3 times.
Step（6）In, the freeze-drying condition is to freeze the rice bran protein solution after de- cadmium under the conditions of -20 DEG C
12h, then 48~72h is freeze-dried at -30~-50 DEG C, obtain de- cadmium rice chaff egg of the moisture between 10~12 w/w%
In vain.
Cellulase, hemicellulase, phytase, tartaric acid and sodium carbonate used in the present invention are food-grade.
The present invention destroys defatted rice bran structure by ultramicro grinding, homogeneous, ultrasound enzymolysis so that rice bran protein and cadmium ion
It is exposed, tartaric acid is on the one hand so that the rice bran protein precipitation being exposed, on the other hand anti-with the cadmium ion that is exposed
It answers, generates acid soluble tartaric acid cadmium, by centrifuging so that rice bran protein is detached with cadmium ion, finally by water
It washes, be dried to obtain de- cadmium rice bran protein.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
（1）The present invention takes off cadmium content≤0.1mg/kg in cadmium rice bran protein, meets《GB2762-2012 food securities state
Pollutant is limited the quantity in family's standard food》In requirement to cadmium limit index, extrusion rate >=90% of cadmium, rice bran egg in rice bran protein
White yield >=70%；
（2）The present invention selects tartaric acid as acidity regulator, compared to citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, acetic acid etc., extraction
Rice bran protein dissolubility and steady dissolution it is more preferable；
（3）The present invention uses ultrasound-assisted enzymolysis, promotes rice bran protein dissolving, improves protein extracting ratio, and advantageous
It is attached to the complex state cadmium ion on rice bran protein inside and surface in desorption；
（4）The present invention uses food grade accessory ingredients, securely and reliably, the rice of production during entirely extraction rice bran protein
Chaff albumen can be used as infant food nourishing additive agent, substantially increase added value of product.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Defatted rice bran used in the embodiment of the present invention is purchased from Co., Ltd of Hunan Grain group；Cellulase（CAS
Number 9012-54-8）, hemicellulase（CAS numbers 9025-56-3）, phytase（CAS numbers 37288-11-2）, winestone
Acid and sodium carbonate are food-grade；Chemical reagent is obtained by routine business approach unless otherwise specified used in other
.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment takes off cadmium rice bran protein, is made in accordance with the following methods：
（1）Ultramicro grinding：By 500g defatted rice brans（Cadmium content is 0.400 mg/kg, 18.01 w/w% of protein content）
60 mesh sieve is crossed in first coarse crushing, then is transferred in micronizer and is crushed to granularity as 120 mesh, and defatted rice bran fine powder is obtained；
（2）Water is added to mix：By step（1）Gained defatted rice bran fine powder adds water to stir evenly, and is configured to the suspended of 8w/v%
Liquid；
（3）Homogeneous：By step（2）By colloid mill under the conditions of 3000rpm, homogeneous 15min's gained suspension then exists
Under the conditions of 20Mpa, high-pressure homogeneous 30min obtains defatted rice bran homogenizing fluid；
（4）Ultrasound enzymolysis：By step（3）Gained defatted rice bran homogenizing fluid carries out the at supersonic frequency 10kHz, room temperature
It is primary to be ultrasonically treated 10min, tartaric acid is then added, adjusts pH value to 5, adds 5g cellulases（Enzyme activity is 2 × 104 U/
g）With 5g hemicellulases（Enzyme activity is 2 × 105U/g）, under 40 DEG C, rotating speed 200rpm, magnetic agitation reacts 2h；Again super
Acoustic frequency 20kHz at 40 DEG C, carries out second and is ultrasonically treated 10min, then add 5g phytases（Enzyme activity is 2 × 105 U/
g）, under 45 DEG C, rotating speed 200rpm, magnetic agitation reacts 2h, obtains enzymolysis liquid；
（5）Tartrate precipitate：By step（4）The temperature adjustment of gained enzymolysis liquid is to 2 DEG C, with winestone acid for adjusting pH value to 3.5, then
Using high-speed shearing machine at 8000rpm, 40s is sheared, repeats shearing 3 times, per minor tick 1min, then in rotating speed 200rpm
Under, magnetic agitation reacts 60min, finally at rotating speed 2000rpm, centrifuges 20min, removes supernatant, obtains rice bran protein precipitation
70mL；
（6）Washing, drying：By step（5）Gained rice bran protein precipitation is cleaned 3 times with 140mL deionized waters, is added
The deionized water of 350mL stirs evenly, and adjusts pH values to 7.0 with sodium carbonate, at rotating speed 2000rpm, centrifuges 20min, go
Except precipitation, it finally will freeze 12h under the conditions of -20 DEG C of rice bran protein solution after de- cadmium, be freeze-dried 48h at -30 DEG C, obtain de-
Cadmium rice bran protein 79.66g（Protein content 80.62%, 11.84 w/w% of moisture, i.e. protein contents on dry basis 91.44%）.
By detection, it is 0.033 mg/kg that gained, which takes off cadmium content in cadmium rice bran protein, and the extrusion rate of cadmium is 91.75%, rice
Chaff albumen yield 71.32%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment takes off cadmium rice bran protein, is made in accordance with the following methods：
（1）Ultramicro grinding：By 500g defatted rice brans（Cadmium content is 0.382 mg/kg, protein content 18.22w/w%）First
60 mesh sieve is crossed in coarse crushing, then is transferred in micronizer and is crushed to granularity as 160 mesh, and defatted rice bran fine powder is obtained；
（2）Water is added to mix：By step（1）Gained defatted rice bran fine powder adds water to stir evenly, and is configured to the suspended of 9w/v%
Liquid；
（3）Homogeneous：By step（2）By colloid mill under the conditions of 3000rpm, homogeneous 15min's gained suspension then exists
Under the conditions of 30Mpa, high-pressure homogeneous 20min obtains defatted rice bran homogenizing fluid；
（4）Ultrasound enzymolysis：By step（3）Gained defatted rice bran homogenizing fluid carries out the at supersonic frequency 20kHz, room temperature
It is primary to be ultrasonically treated 8min, tartaric acid is then added, adjusts pH value to 5.5, adds 7.5g cellulases（Enzyme activity be 1.5 ×
104U/g）With 7.5g hemicellulases（Enzyme activity is 1.5 × 105U/g）, under 45 DEG C, rotating speed 250rpm, magnetic agitation reaction
1.5h；Again at supersonic frequency 30kHz, 45 DEG C, carries out second and be ultrasonically treated 8min, then add 7.5g phytases（Enzyme
Living is 1.5 × 105U/g）, under 50 DEG C, rotating speed 250rpm, magnetic agitation reacts 1.5h, obtains enzymolysis liquid；
（5）Tartrate precipitate：By step（4）The temperature adjustment of gained enzymolysis liquid is to 6 DEG C, with winestone acid for adjusting pH value to 3.8, then
Using high-speed shearing machine at 9000rpm, 30s is sheared, repeats shearing 4 times, per minor tick 2min, then in rotating speed 250rpm
Under, magnetic agitation reacts 40min, finally at rotating speed 3000rpm, centrifuges 15min, removes supernatant, obtains rice bran protein precipitation
70mL；
（6）Washing, drying：By step（5）Gained rice bran protein precipitation is cleaned 3 times with 175mL deionized waters, is added
The deionized water of 350mL stirs evenly, and adjusts pH values to 7.0 with sodium carbonate, at rotating speed 3000rpm, centrifuges 15min, go
Except precipitation, it finally will freeze 12h under the conditions of -20 DEG C of rice bran protein solution after de- cadmium, be freeze-dried 60h at -40 DEG C, obtain de-
Cadmium rice bran protein 81.35g（Protein content 81.54%, 11.06 w/w% of moisture, i.e. protein contents on dry basis 91.68%）.
By detection, it is 0.029 mg/kg that gained, which takes off cadmium content in cadmium rice bran protein, and the extrusion rate of cadmium is 92.41%, rice
Chaff albumen yield 72.81%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment takes off cadmium rice bran protein, is made in accordance with the following methods：
（1）Ultramicro grinding：By 500g defatted rice brans（Cadmium content is 0.297 mg/kg, protein content 17.85w/w%）First
60 mesh sieve is crossed in coarse crushing, then is transferred in micronizer and is crushed to granularity as 180 mesh, and defatted rice bran fine powder is obtained；
（2）Water is added to mix：By step（1）Gained defatted rice bran fine powder adds water to stir evenly, and is configured to the suspended of 10w/v%
Liquid；
（3）Homogeneous：By step（2）By colloid mill under the conditions of 3000rpm, homogeneous 15min's gained suspension then exists
Under the conditions of 40Mpa, high-pressure homogeneous 15min obtains defatted rice bran homogenizing fluid；
（4）Ultrasound enzymolysis：By step（3）Gained defatted rice bran homogenizing fluid carries out the at supersonic frequency 30kHz, room temperature
It is primary to be ultrasonically treated 5min, tartaric acid is then added, adjusts pH value to 6, adds 10g cellulases（Enzyme activity is 1 × 104 U/
g）With 10g hemicellulases（Enzyme activity is 1 × 105U/g）, under 50 DEG C, rotating speed 300rpm, magnetic agitation reacts 1h；Again super
Acoustic frequency 40kHz at 50 DEG C, carries out second and is ultrasonically treated 5min, then add 10g phytases（Enzyme activity is 1 × 105 U/
g）, under 55 DEG C, rotating speed 300rpm, magnetic agitation reacts 1h, obtains enzymolysis liquid；
（5）Tartrate precipitate：By step（4）The temperature adjustment of gained enzymolysis liquid is to 8 DEG C, with winestone acid for adjusting pH value to 4.0, then
Using high-speed shearing machine at 10000rpm, 20s is sheared, repeats shearing 5 times, per minor tick 3min, then in rotating speed 300rpm
Under, magnetic agitation reacts 30min, finally at rotating speed 4000rpm, centrifuges 10min, removes supernatant, obtains rice bran protein precipitation
70mL；
（6）Washing, drying：By step（5）Gained rice bran protein precipitation is cleaned 3 times with 210mL deionized waters, is added
The deionized water of 350mL stirs evenly, and adjusts pH values to 7.0 with sodium carbonate, at rotating speed 4000rpm, centrifuges 10min, go
Except precipitation, it finally will freeze 12h under the conditions of -20 DEG C of rice bran protein solution after de- cadmium, be freeze-dried 72h at -50 DEG C, obtain de-
Cadmium rice bran protein 79.80g（Protein content 82.79%, 10.12 w/w% of moisture, i.e. protein contents on dry basis 92.11%）.
By detection, it is 0.023 mg/kg that gained, which takes off cadmium content in cadmium rice bran protein, and the extrusion rate of cadmium is 92.26%, rice
Chaff albumen yield 74.01%.
Claims (30)
1. a kind of de- cadmium rice bran protein, which is characterized in that be specifically made in accordance with the following methods：
（1）Ultramicro grinding：Defatted rice bran is first subjected to coarse crushing, then carries out ultramicro grinding, obtains defatted rice bran fine powder；
（2）Water is added to mix：By step（1）Gained defatted rice bran fine powder adds water to stir evenly, and is configured to the suspended of 8~10w/v%
Liquid；
（3）Homogeneous：By step（2）Gained suspension by colloid mill under the conditions of 2000~4000rpm, homogeneous 10~
20min, then under the conditions of 20~40Mpa, high-pressure homogeneous 15~30min obtains defatted rice bran homogenizing fluid；
（4）Ultrasound enzymolysis：By step（3）Gained defatted rice bran homogenizing fluid carries out being ultrasonically treated 5~10min for the first time, adjusts pH
Value adds to 5~6 and is equivalent to 1~2% cellulase of defatted rice bran fine powder quality and 1~2% hemicellulase, stirs
React 1~2h；Second of 5~10min of supersound process is carried out again, is then added and is equivalent to defatted rice bran fine powder quality 1~2%
Phytase, be stirred to react 1~2h, obtain enzymolysis liquid；
（5）Tartrate precipitate：By step（4）The temperature adjustment of gained enzymolysis liquid adjusts pH value to 3.5~4.0, then exists to 2~8 DEG C
Under 8000~10000rpm, 20~40s is sheared, shearing 3~5 times is repeated, is subsequently agitated for 30~60min of reaction, finally centrifuges, go
Except supernatant, rice bran protein precipitation is obtained；
（6）Washing, drying：By step（5）Gained rice bran protein precipitation washes with water, and adds and is equivalent to 4~6 times of its volume
Deionized water stirs evenly, and adjusts pH values to neutrality, centrifugation, removal precipitation, finally by the rice bran protein solution progress after de- cadmium
Freeze-drying, obtains de- cadmium rice bran protein.
2. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（4）In, the enzyme activity of the cellulase is
1×104~2 × 104The enzyme activity of U/g, hemicellulase are 1 × 105~2 × 105The enzyme activity of U/g, phytase are 1 × 105~2
×105 U/g。
3. de- cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：Step（4）In, at the first time ultrasound
The supersonic frequency of reason is 10~30KHz, and temperature is room temperature；Second of supersonic frequency being ultrasonically treated is 20~40KHz, temperature
It is 40~50 DEG C.
4. de- cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：Step（1）In, cadmium in the defatted rice bran
Content is 0.2~0.4 mg/kg.
5. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Step（1）In, cadmium content in the defatted rice bran
For 0.2~0.4 mg/kg.
6. de- cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：Step（1）In, the coarse crushing refer to by
Defatted rice bran crushed 60 mesh sieve, and the ultramicro grinding refers to that defatted rice bran is crushed to granularity as 120~180 mesh.
7. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Step（1）In, the coarse crushing refers to by degreasing
Rice bran crushed 60 mesh sieve, and the ultramicro grinding refers to that defatted rice bran is crushed to granularity as 120~180 mesh.
8. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Step（1）In, the coarse crushing refers to by degreasing
Rice bran crushed 60 mesh sieve, and the ultramicro grinding refers to that defatted rice bran is crushed to granularity as 120~180 mesh.
9. de- cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：Step（4）In, the cellulase and half
The temperature that cellulase is stirred to react is 40~50 DEG C, and the temperature that the phytase is stirred to react is 45~55 DEG C, is stirred to react
Rotating speed be 200~300rpm；Step（5）In, the rotating speed being stirred to react is 200~300rpm.
10. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Step（4）In, the cellulase and half fiber
The temperature that the plain enzyme of dimension is stirred to react is 40~50 DEG C, and the temperature that the phytase is stirred to react is 45~55 DEG C, is stirred to react
Rotating speed is 200~300rpm；Step（5）In, the rotating speed being stirred to react is 200~300rpm.
11. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Step（4）In, the cellulase and half fiber
The temperature that the plain enzyme of dimension is stirred to react is 40~50 DEG C, and the temperature that the phytase is stirred to react is 45~55 DEG C, is stirred to react
Rotating speed is 200~300rpm；Step（5）In, the rotating speed being stirred to react is 200~300rpm.
12. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Step（4）In, the cellulase and half fiber
The temperature that the plain enzyme of dimension is stirred to react is 40~50 DEG C, and the temperature that the phytase is stirred to react is 45~55 DEG C, is stirred to react
Rotating speed is 200~300rpm；Step（5）In, the rotating speed being stirred to react is 200~300rpm.
13. de- cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：Step（4）、（5）In, for adjusting pH value
Reagent be tartaric acid；Step（6）In, the reagent for adjusting pH value is sodium carbonate.
14. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Step（4）、（5）In, for adjusting pH value
Reagent is tartaric acid；Step（6）In, the reagent for adjusting pH value is sodium carbonate.
15. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Step（4）、（5）In, for adjusting pH value
Reagent is tartaric acid；Step（6）In, the reagent for adjusting pH value is sodium carbonate.
16. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Step（4）、（5）In, for adjusting pH value
Reagent is tartaric acid；Step（6）In, the reagent for adjusting pH value is sodium carbonate.
17. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Step（4）、（5）In, for adjusting pH value
Reagent is tartaric acid；Step（6）In, the reagent for adjusting pH value is sodium carbonate.
18. de- cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：Step（5）In, between repetition shearing manipulation
Time interval be 1~3min.
19. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Step（5）In, between repetition shearing manipulation
Time interval is 1~3min.
20. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Step（5）In, between repetition shearing manipulation
Time interval is 1~3min.
21. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Step（5）In, between repetition shearing manipulation
Time interval is 1~3min.
22. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Step（5）In, between repetition shearing manipulation
Time interval is 1~3min.
23. according to cadmium rice bran protein is taken off described in claim 13, it is characterised in that：Step（5）In, between repetition shearing manipulation
Time interval is 1~3min.
24. de- cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：Step（5）、（6）In, the centrifugation refers to
At 2000~4000rpm, 10~20min is centrifuged.
25. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Step（5）、（6）In, it is described centrifugation refer to
Under 2000~4000rpm, 10~20min is centrifuged.
26. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Step（5）、（6）In, it is described centrifugation refer to
Under 2000~4000rpm, 10~20min is centrifuged.
27. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Step（5）、（6）In, it is described centrifugation refer to
Under 2000~4000rpm, 10~20min is centrifuged.
28. taking off cadmium rice bran protein according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Step（5）、（6）In, it is described centrifugation refer to
Under 2000~4000rpm, 10~20min is centrifuged.
29. according to cadmium rice bran protein is taken off described in claim 13, it is characterised in that：Step（5）、（6）In, it is described centrifugation refer to
Under 2000~4000rpm, 10~20min is centrifuged.
30. according to cadmium rice bran protein is taken off described in claim 18, it is characterised in that：Step（5）、（6）In, it is described centrifugation refer to
Under 2000~4000rpm, 10~20min is centrifuged.
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