CN105028056A - Ginger basal stem rot control method - Google Patents
Ginger basal stem rot control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105028056A CN105028056A CN201510385957.7A CN201510385957A CN105028056A CN 105028056 A CN105028056 A CN 105028056A CN 201510385957 A CN201510385957 A CN 201510385957A CN 105028056 A CN105028056 A CN 105028056A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention relates to a ginger basal stem rot control method. The method comprises the first step of ecological management, wherein Difulai microorganism fertilizer and HYT microorganism fertilizer are applied, soil is activated, soil fertility is enhanced, and root strengthening and fertilizer maintenance are facilitated; the second step of agricultural control; the third step of biological control, wherein an HM decomposition agent is applied to thoroughly decompose organic fertilizer, deep placement is carried out, and the fertilizer and the soil are evenly mixed; the fourth step of biological control, wherein at the early disease stage, 0.3% polyoxin water agent 300-fold spray is applied one time every ten days and continuously sprayed one to two times; the fifth step of physical control; and the sixth step of chemical control, wherein after transplanting, 80% mancozeb wettable powder or 80% zineb wettable powder is used for diluting 500-fold solution spray for control, and at the early disease stage, 150 g of 58% manganese zinc is applied per mu and added with 100 kg of water for irrigating roots one time or a manganese zinc 500-fold solution is used for irrigating roots. By the adoption of the ginger basal stem rot control method, ginger basal stem rot can be effectively controlled, the average incidence rate of ginger basal stem rot is reduced, the yield is improved, the ginger level is significantly improved, and good economic benefits are obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of prevention and controls of ginger base rot disease, belong to plant protection technology field.
Background technology
Ginger base rot disease main harm ginger root-like stock young shoot and basal part of stem.Also have and claim this disease for " great Jiang wryneck is sick ".This bacterium is saprophytic for a long time in soil, propagates by means of current, farming, by rhizome wound or directly from branch crack and the intrusion of aging seedling basal part of stem breach.Main Etiological Factors has planting density large, strain, strongly fragrant worn-out in the ranks, and the bad morbidity of ventilation and penetrating light is heavy, and nitrogen application is too many, grows tender, resistance reduction susceptible disease.Glutinous heavy, the meta-acid of soil; Continuous cropping for many years, field invalid body is many; Fertility is not enough, farming is extensive, weeds from raw field, plant resistance reduces, and morbidity is heavy.Seed-borne fungi, fertilizer fully do not become thoroughly decomposed, fertilizer carries disease germs or be mixed with the susceptible disease of undergraduate course crop invalid body in fertilizer.Hypsography low-lying ponding, impeded drainage, soil moisture susceptible disease, high temperature, high humidity, rainy, sunshine is not enough susceptible disease, long-term cloudy weather for several days running morbidity heavily etc.In recent years, along with the continuous expansion of ginger cultivation area, add that field management is extensive, ginger diseases, also in increasing the weight of trend, especially to begin annual May, because high humidity is rainy, easily sends out curing ginger stalk rot; Ginger base rot disease their early stage, there is the water stain shape spot differed in size in basal part of stem, expands gradually, yellow leaf, and morbidity later stage scab, around basal part of stem one week, causes basal part of stem to be organized and rots gradually.Because water and nutrient transport is obstructed, overground part stem is from top to bottom withered dead, and blade blackout comes off, and in withered shape, push soil aside during high humidity, in sick portion and soil, visible white flocculence thing, starts dead strain time serious, very harmful.Route of transmission: germ hides with mycelium and to survive the winter on sick ginger and invalid body, or survives the winter in soil with mycelium and chlamydospore, and condition is suitable for falling ill.Start general May to occur, the kind ginger carried the germs of a disease after results still can continue morbidity, when continuing up to that next year, March was sowed.Onset condition: the hot and humid generation being conducive to curing ginger stalk rot, suitable onset temperature is 20 DEG C-25 DEG C. ginger belongs to happiness light drought-enduring plant, ventilates and plot susceptible disease that printing opacity is bad.The soil susceptible disease weight that yellow mud loam, stickiness are heavy.The amount accumulation of bacterium source, field, continuous cropping continuous cropping plot, falls ill heavier.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of prevention and controls of ginger base rot disease, the prevention and controls solving existing ginger base rot disease is single, can not effectively preventing ginger base rot disease generation and spread.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A prevention and controls for ginger base rot disease, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
Use ground good fortune and come microorganism fertilizer, fertile beneficial many microorganism fertilizers, activating soil, strengthens soil fertility, promotes strong root fertilizer conservation;
2) cultural control:
(1) select anosis worm, without the kind block gone rotten, prevent disease worm from propagating, ensure full stand and healthy seedling;
(2) carry out more than 2 years crop rotations with gramineous crop, take precautions against natural calamities and keep away evil;
(3) scientific utilization of fertilizer, improvement soil: great Jiang likes the good soil of gas permeability, based on basal dressing, uses the farmyard manure 2500 kilograms become thoroughly decomposed for every mu; Balance fertilizing, avoid applied nitrogen too much, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer improves premunition;
(4) ridge culture built cultivation, improves soil aeration, promotes subterranean stem growth; Do ridge by 1 meter wide, ridge is high 20 centimetres, when height of seedling 30 centimetres, becomes man-like shelf by every square metre of 4 bamboo pole towers, promotes ventilation, printing opacity and wet flowing, promotes leaf photosynthesis, diseases prevention pest controlling;
4) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Use the fertilizer that HM decomposing agent fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, and answer deep placement, mix with soil;
4) biological control:
Their early stage, by 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution, 300 times of spray application, 10 days 1 time, connects spray 1-2 time;
5) physical control:
Select anosis worm, without mildew and rot kind block, prevent disease worm from propagating, ensure full stand and healthy seedling, find that diseased plant is removed in time, high temperature stack retting or buried, destruction after concentrating;
6) chemical control:
Soil disinfection process: liming carries out disinfection in acid ground, can prevent soil-borne disease; There is serious plot in disease, select the topsin of 70%, the carbendazim of 50%, the fenaminosulf of 50% or tmtd 1-1.5 kilogram to mix fine earth 30 kilograms to spread fertilizer over the fields in soil for every mu during whole ground;
After seedling is gone back in transplanting, dilute 500 times of liquid spraying preventions with 80% mancozeb wettable powder or 80% Zineb wettable powder; Their early stage 58% first frost MnZn, is watered double centner and fills with root 1 time by 150 grams/acre, or with metalaxyl-mn-zn 500 times of liquid irrigating roots.
As preferred technical scheme, described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 30-50L for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 200-400ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
As preferred technical scheme, described 1) the how concrete using method of fertile benefit in ecological management for add HYT-A150-200ml and HYT-B250-350ml and to stir in 15 premium on currency, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C80-120g, place 1 day again, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, drip irrigation, punching are executed or are sprayed on crop root soil.
Adopt ground good fortune carry out the biological bacterium colony that microorganism fertilizer effectively can improve soil structure and soil, effectively can prevent the morbidity of ginger base rot disease, potash fertilizer, good fortune carry out the composite use of microorganism fertilizer and effectively can improve the seed output and quality of ginger.
Mostly fertile benefit in the present invention is a kind of bio-bacterial manure, develops according to rhizosphere soil microecology principle, plant nutrition physiological principle and the basic conception in modern times " organic farming ".Comprise HYT-A, HYT-B and HYT-C tri-kinds.
The soil azotobacter that HYT-A is nontoxic by 18 kinds, no pathogenicity is highly active form, the probiotics of Various Functions is prepared into microbial inoculum, after activated expansion is numerous, be applicable to each vegetative period of multiple soil environment and crop, root directly to crops provides important nutrient as nitrogen, potassium and basic inorganic mineral nutrition.Special efficacy: one is that to make fertilizer efficiency rate high, balanced nutrients, stablely improves utilization rate of fertilizer and soil fertility, and the lasting period can reach more than 4 months.Two is optimize soil ecology structure, administer harden, pollute, acidifying and salinization soil Be very effective.Three is to formation biological control mechanism, anti-dead, anti-continuous cropping effect gives prominence to.Four is automatic regulating crop growth, growth-promoting root, strong sprout, raising ginger yield and quality.
HYT-B is from biological hydrolysis marine organisms thing cephalothorax crust, the later stage dissolution process of liquid by fermentation.Special efficacy: be rich in 19 kinds of L-amino acid, mineral matter and natural polymerses, can directly for microorganism and plant growth provide nutrition.Crops well developed root system can be promoted fast, strengthen leaf photosynthesis and crop disease-resistant, anti-adversity ability; Strong sprout, healthy tree, increase yield, oil recovery enhancement.
HYT-C is rich in high-purity, high-load chitin and chitinase induced activity thing.Special efficacy: for HYT-A edaphon bacterium itself and crops provide nutrition; Can activate, inducing plant and microorganism biological generate biology enzyme, the disease-resistant factor such as organic acid, alkaloid in a large number; Meanwhile, can promote that beneficial bacterium flood tide expands fast numerous, can plant growth be stimulated again.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention adopts ecological management, cultural control, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, biological control, physical control, Chemical control methods, significantly reduces the ginger base rot disease incidence of disease, respond well, improves the seed output and quality of ginger.
The present invention adopts the means of preventing in advance, adopt ecological management, cultural control, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, biological control, physical control simultaneously, Chemical control methods carries out integrated control that ginger base rot disease average attack rate is reduced, output increases, and significantly improves ginger grade, obtains good economic benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the invention, be clearly and completely described technical scheme of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A prevention and controls for ginger base rot disease, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
Use ground good fortune and come microorganism fertilizer, fertile beneficial many microorganism fertilizers, activating soil, strengthens soil fertility, promotes strong root fertilizer conservation;
2) cultural control:
(1) select anosis worm, without the kind block gone rotten, prevent disease worm from propagating, ensure full stand and healthy seedling;
(2) carry out more than 2 years crop rotations with gramineous crop, take precautions against natural calamities and keep away evil;
(3) scientific utilization of fertilizer, improvement soil: great Jiang likes the good soil of gas permeability, based on basal dressing, uses the farmyard manure 2500 kilograms become thoroughly decomposed for every mu; Balance fertilizing, avoid applied nitrogen too much, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer improves premunition;
(4) ridge culture built cultivation, improves soil aeration, promotes subterranean stem growth; Do ridge by 1 meter wide, ridge is high 20 centimetres, when height of seedling 30 centimetres, becomes man-like shelf by every square metre of 4 bamboo pole towers, promotes ventilation, printing opacity and wet flowing, promotes leaf photosynthesis, diseases prevention pest controlling;
3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Use the fertilizer that HM decomposing agent fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, and answer deep placement, mix with soil;
4) biological control:
Their early stage, by 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution, 300 times of spray application, 10 days 1 time, connects spray 1-2 time;
5) physical control:
Select anosis worm, without mildew and rot kind block, prevent disease worm from propagating, ensure full stand and healthy seedling, find that diseased plant is removed in time, high temperature stack retting or buried, destruction after concentrating;
6) chemical control:
Soil disinfection process: liming carries out disinfection in acid ground, can prevent soil-borne disease; There is serious plot in disease, select the topsin of 70%, the carbendazim of 50%, the fenaminosulf of 50% or tmtd 1-1.5 kilogram to mix fine earth 30 kilograms to spread fertilizer over the fields in soil for every mu during whole ground;
After seedling is gone back in transplanting, dilute 500 times of liquid spraying preventions with 80% mancozeb wettable powder or 80% Zineb wettable powder; Their early stage 58% first frost MnZn, is watered double centner and fills with root 1 time by 150 grams/acre, or with metalaxyl-mn-zn 500 times of liquid irrigating roots.
Described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 30L for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 200ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
Described 1) the how concrete using method of fertile benefit in ecological management for add HYT-A150ml and HYT-B250ml and to stir in 15 premium on currency, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C80g, place 1 day again, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, drip irrigation, punching are executed or are sprayed on crop root soil.
Embodiment 2
A prevention and controls for ginger base rot disease, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
Use ground good fortune and come microorganism fertilizer, fertile beneficial many microorganism fertilizers, activating soil, strengthens soil fertility, promotes strong root fertilizer conservation;
2) cultural control:
(1) select anosis worm, without the kind block gone rotten, prevent disease worm from propagating, ensure full stand and healthy seedling;
(2) carry out more than 2 years crop rotations with gramineous crop, take precautions against natural calamities and keep away evil;
(3) scientific utilization of fertilizer, improvement soil: great Jiang likes the good soil of gas permeability, based on basal dressing, uses the farmyard manure 2500 kilograms become thoroughly decomposed for every mu; Balance fertilizing, avoid applied nitrogen too much, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer improves premunition;
(4) ridge culture built cultivation, improves soil aeration, promotes subterranean stem growth; Do ridge by 1 meter wide, ridge is high 20 centimetres, when height of seedling 30 centimetres, becomes man-like shelf by every square metre of 4 bamboo pole towers, promotes ventilation, printing opacity and wet flowing, promotes leaf photosynthesis, diseases prevention pest controlling;
3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Use the fertilizer that HM decomposing agent fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, and answer deep placement, mix with soil;
4) biological control:
Their early stage, by 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution, 300 times of spray application, 10 days 1 time, connects spray 1-2 time;
5) physical control:
Select anosis worm, without mildew and rot kind block, prevent disease worm from propagating, ensure full stand and healthy seedling, find that diseased plant is removed in time, high temperature stack retting or buried, destruction after concentrating;
6) chemical control:
Soil disinfection process: liming carries out disinfection in acid ground, can prevent soil-borne disease; There is serious plot in disease, select the topsin of 70%, the carbendazim of 50%, the fenaminosulf of 50% or tmtd 1-1.5 kilogram to mix fine earth 30 kilograms to spread fertilizer over the fields in soil for every mu during whole ground;
After seedling is gone back in transplanting, dilute 500 times of liquid spraying preventions with 80% mancozeb wettable powder or 80% Zineb wettable powder; Their early stage 58% first frost MnZn, is watered double centner and fills with root 1 time by 150 grams/acre, or with metalaxyl-mn-zn 500 times of liquid irrigating roots.
Described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 40L for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 300ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
Described 1) the how concrete using method of fertile benefit in ecological management for add HYT-A180ml and HYT-B300ml and to stir in 15 premium on currency, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C100g, place 1 day again, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, drip irrigation, punching are executed or are sprayed on crop root soil.
Embodiment 3
A prevention and controls for ginger base rot disease, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
Use ground good fortune and come microorganism fertilizer, fertile beneficial many microorganism fertilizers, activating soil, strengthens soil fertility, promotes strong root fertilizer conservation;
2) cultural control:
(1) select anosis worm, without the kind block gone rotten, prevent disease worm from propagating, ensure full stand and healthy seedling;
(2) carry out more than 2 years crop rotations with gramineous crop, take precautions against natural calamities and keep away evil;
(3) scientific utilization of fertilizer, improvement soil: great Jiang likes the good soil of gas permeability, based on basal dressing, uses the farmyard manure 2500 kilograms become thoroughly decomposed for every mu; Balance fertilizing, avoid applied nitrogen too much, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer improves premunition;
(4) ridge culture built cultivation, improves soil aeration, promotes subterranean stem growth; Do ridge by 1 meter wide, ridge is high 20 centimetres, when height of seedling 30 centimetres, becomes man-like shelf by every square metre of 4 bamboo pole towers, promotes ventilation, printing opacity and wet flowing, promotes leaf photosynthesis, diseases prevention pest controlling;
3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Use the fertilizer that HM decomposing agent fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, and answer deep placement, mix with soil;
4) biological control:
Their early stage, by 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution, 300 times of spray application, 10 days 1 time, connects spray 1-2 time;
5) physical control:
Select anosis worm, without mildew and rot kind block, prevent disease worm from propagating, ensure full stand and healthy seedling, find that diseased plant is removed in time, high temperature stack retting or buried, destruction after concentrating;
6) chemical control:
Soil disinfection process: liming carries out disinfection in acid ground, can prevent soil-borne disease; There is serious plot in disease, select the topsin of 70%, the carbendazim of 50%, the fenaminosulf of 50% or tmtd 1-1.5 kilogram to mix fine earth 30 kilograms to spread fertilizer over the fields in soil for every mu during whole ground;
After seedling is gone back in transplanting, dilute 500 times of liquid spraying preventions with 80% mancozeb wettable powder or 80% Zineb wettable powder; Their early stage 58% first frost MnZn, is watered double centner and fills with root 1 time by 150 grams/acre, or with metalaxyl-mn-zn 500 times of liquid irrigating roots.
Described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 50L for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 400ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
Described 1) the how concrete using method of fertile benefit in ecological management for add HYT-A200ml and HYT-B350ml and to stir in 15 premium on currency, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C120g, place 1 day again, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, drip irrigation, punching are executed or are sprayed on crop root soil.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a prevention and controls for ginger base rot disease, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) ecological management:
Use ground good fortune and come microorganism fertilizer, fertile beneficial many microorganism fertilizers, activating soil, strengthens soil fertility, promotes strong root fertilizer conservation;
2) cultural control:
(1) select anosis worm, without the kind block gone rotten, prevent disease worm from propagating, ensure full stand and healthy seedling;
(2) carry out more than 2 years crop rotations with gramineous crop, take precautions against natural calamities and keep away evil;
(3) scientific utilization of fertilizer, improvement soil: great Jiang likes the good soil of gas permeability, based on basal dressing, uses the farmyard manure 2500 kilograms become thoroughly decomposed for every mu; Balance fertilizing, avoid applied nitrogen too much, increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer improves premunition;
(4) ridge culture built cultivation, improves soil aeration, promotes subterranean stem growth; Do ridge by 1 meter wide, ridge is high 20 centimetres, when height of seedling 30 centimetres, becomes man-like shelf by every square metre of 4 bamboo pole towers, promotes ventilation, printing opacity and wet flowing, promotes leaf photosynthesis, diseases prevention pest controlling;
3) BIOLOGICAL CONTROL:
Use the fertilizer that HM decomposing agent fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, and answer deep placement, mix with soil;
4) biological control:
Their early stage, by 0.3% polyoxin aqueous solution, 300 times of spray application, 10 days 1 time, connects spray 1-2 time;
5) physical control:
Select anosis worm, without mildew and rot kind block, prevent disease worm from propagating, ensure full stand and healthy seedling, find that diseased plant is removed in time, high temperature stack retting or buried, destruction after concentrating;
6) chemical control:
Soil disinfection process: liming carries out disinfection in acid ground, can prevent soil-borne disease; There is serious plot in disease, select the topsin of 70%, the carbendazim of 50%, the fenaminosulf of 50% or tmtd 1-1.5 kilogram to mix fine earth 30 kilograms to spread fertilizer over the fields in soil for every mu during whole ground;
After seedling is gone back in transplanting, dilute 500 times of liquid spraying preventions with 80% mancozeb wettable powder or 80% Zineb wettable powder; Their early stage 58% first frost MnZn, is watered double centner and fills with root 1 time by 150 grams/acre, or with metalaxyl-mn-zn 500 times of liquid irrigating roots.
2. the prevention and controls of ginger base rot disease according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described 1) in ecological management good fortune carry out the concrete using method of microorganism fertilizer and be watered 30-50L for carrying out microorganism fertilizer according to every 200-400ml ground good fortune, ground good fortune is come microorganism fertilizer be watered mix after sparge earth's surface.
3. the prevention and controls of ginger base rot disease according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the how concrete using method of fertile benefit described 1) in ecological management for add HYT-A150-200ml and HYT-B250-350ml and to stir in 15 premium on currency, place 2 days under normal temperature, add HYT-C80-120g, place 1 day again, add water to 250 kilograms, after stirring, drip irrigation, punching are executed or are sprayed on crop root soil.
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| CN201510385957.7A CN105028056A (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2015-06-30 | Ginger basal stem rot control method |
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| CN201510385957.7A CN105028056A (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2015-06-30 | Ginger basal stem rot control method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105724131A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-07-06 | 山西省农业科学院小麦研究所 | Agent soil root enclosing method for preventing stem base rot of vegetables |
| CN112438148A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-05 | 安徽金敦福农业科技有限公司 | Novel green and efficient prevention and control method for soil-borne diseases of gingers |
-
2015
- 2015-06-30 CN CN201510385957.7A patent/CN105028056A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 施忆秋: "《农作物病虫害防治学》", 28 February 1980 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105724131A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-07-06 | 山西省农业科学院小麦研究所 | Agent soil root enclosing method for preventing stem base rot of vegetables |
| CN112438148A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-05 | 安徽金敦福农业科技有限公司 | Novel green and efficient prevention and control method for soil-borne diseases of gingers |
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