CN105024176A - Directional diagram design method of subarray level mixed MIMO-phase array system - Google Patents
Directional diagram design method of subarray level mixed MIMO-phase array system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105024176A CN105024176A CN201510455471.6A CN201510455471A CN105024176A CN 105024176 A CN105024176 A CN 105024176A CN 201510455471 A CN201510455471 A CN 201510455471A CN 105024176 A CN105024176 A CN 105024176A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a directional diagram design method of a subarray level mixed MIMO-phase array system. According to the invention, the directional diagram design method of the subarray level mixed MIMO-phase array system overcomes some limitations existed in the existing MIMO system; these limitations comprises that compared with the phase array system, the directional diagram design method of the subarray level mixed MIMO-phase array system has a loss of signal-noise ratio, thus affecting object detection and parameter estimation precision, and has a loss of beam configurations, thus reducing the system performance; and the costs of the system software and hardware are over-high to be difficult to implement. The method comprises a first step of designing a coherent processing gain directional diagram according to a coherent processing gain vector; a second step of designing a waveform diversity directional diagram according to a waveform diversity vector; a third step of designing a receiving directional diagram according to a receiving array steering vector; and a fourth step of composing the coherent processing gain directional diagram, the waveform diversity directional diagram and the receiving directional diagram to form the directional diagram of the mixed MIMO-phase array system. According to the invention, the method is applied to the modern electronic system having multiple-input and multiple-output functions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the beam pattern method of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system.
Background technology
Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system is by MIMO (Multiple-InputMultiple-Output, Multiple input-output) the new system of one that combines with phased array system of system, which overcome some limitations of existing mimo system and phased array system.
MIMO is a kind of emerging system, and its advantage is normally compared with traditional phased array system.Mimo system has larger advantage compared with phased array system, as better detection perform, higher directional resolution and estimated accuracy, and better robustness etc. under electronic countermeasures and multi-path environment.
But compared with phased array system, mimo system with also have some limitations.Comprise: 1. each bay launches orthogonal signalling, does not possess the coherent processing gain of phased array system, thus produce beam shape loss, and when Target scatter section area declines, systematic function is declined to some extent; 2. produce signal to noise ratio (SNR) loss, affect target detection and Parameter Estimation Precision etc.Although this SNR loss compensates by increasing accumulated time, due to the Limited Phase dry-cure time in application and propagation path loss etc., in fact existing in a lot of problem.3. contemporary electronic systems often comprises hundreds of to thousands of bay.If directly using MIMO system, then need much independently to transmit and adopt at receiving terminal hundreds of to thousands of receive path, all cannot bear in this computing cost at hardware cost and algorithm etc.; And for obtaining suitable transmitting, need the optimization problem huge to dimension to solve.
Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system just begins one's study at present, has a lot of problem also not solve.One of them importance is, the beam pattern method of this system does not also study maturation at present.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is some limitations for overcoming existing for existing mimo system, namely it has snr loss thus affects target detection and Parameter Estimation Precision compared with phased array system, beam shape is had to lose thus cause systematic function to decline, and system hardware and software high cost causes being difficult to realize, and the present invention proposes the beam pattern method of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system.
The beam pattern method of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system, it realizes according to the following steps:
One, according to coherent processing gain vector design coherent processing gain directional diagram;
Two, according to waveform diversity vector design waveform diversity directional diagram;
Three, according to reception battle array guiding vector design receiving pattern;
Four, the directional diagram of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system is synthesized by coherent processing gain directional diagram, waveform diversity directional diagram and receiving pattern;
Wherein, described coherent processing gain directional diagram and waveform diversity directional diagram are determined by the transmitting terminal of system, and receiving pattern is determined by the receiving terminal of described system.
Invention effect:
Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system in the present invention overcomes the above-mentioned limitation of mimo system, effectively can reduce hardware cost and computing cost.It, while maintenance mimo system has superiority, also has the advantage of the coherent processing gain of phased array system.
Domestic and international at present mixing MIMO-phased array system to be studied, but to there is following limitation: (1) is received/sent out an antenna and split; (2) system receiving terminal does not adopt Subarray process and only adopts the process of array element level, because of instead of the MIMO-phased array system of Subarray.Its limitation is, system receiving terminal needs the receive path of enormous amount (identical with reception array number, can to reach hundreds of to thousands of magnitudes), and this all cannot bear in hardware cost and algorithm computing cost.
Mix compared with MIMO-phased array system with existing, the advantage of the Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system in the present invention is: (1) adopt receive/send out battle array shared, cost is low and be easy to realize on existing platform.(2) receiving terminal of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system adopts Subarray process, compared with the existing array element level processing mode mixing MIMO-phased array system receiving terminal, receive path number and signal transacting dimension can be reduced to submatrix number (tens of magnitudes) by array number (hundreds of to thousands of magnitude), can reduce decades of times.
The invention solves the beam pattern problem of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system, different from the beam pattern method of existing phased array system and mimo system, the directional diagram of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system is configured to three components by the present invention: be respectively coherent processing gain directional diagram, waveform diversity directional diagram and receiving pattern.
The array guiding vector of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system is vectorial by coherent processing gain, waveform diversity is vectorial and receive the threes such as battle array guiding vector determines jointly.Thus, Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system has coherent processing gain performance; Thus overcome the limitation of mimo system.Because in mimo system, array guiding vector is only determined by waveform diversity vector and reception battle array guiding vector; Thus not there is coherent processing gain, thus produce beam shape loss, systematic function is declined; And produce snr loss, thus affect target detection and Parameter Estimation Precision etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is array and the submatrix schematic diagram of system in embodiment one;
Fig. 2 is the design of general direction figure in embodiment one;
Fig. 3 is coordinate system and the angle of pitch and azimuthal schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: the beam pattern method of the Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system of present embodiment, it realizes according to the following steps:
One, according to coherent processing gain vector design coherent processing gain directional diagram;
Two, according to waveform diversity vector design waveform diversity directional diagram;
Three, according to reception battle array guiding vector design receiving pattern;
Four, the directional diagram of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system is synthesized by coherent processing gain directional diagram, waveform diversity directional diagram and receiving pattern;
Wherein, described coherent processing gain directional diagram and waveform diversity directional diagram are determined by the transmitting terminal of system, and receiving pattern is determined by the receiving terminal of described system.
1, array structure and mode of operation
System comprises transmitting terminal and receiving terminal two parts.
Array structure: adopt receive/send out battle array shared, namely transmitting terminal and receiving terminal adopt identical array.Array element distance is half-wavelength.Array adopts subarray configuration, and namely adjacent array element forms submatrix by submatrix comprise network; And transmitting battle array adopts identical subarray configuration with reception battle array.The schematic diagram of array and submatrix as shown in Figure 1.In the present invention, the shape of array and submatrix is arbitrary, and Fig. 1 is just described for rectangle battle array.
Transmit form: in submatrix, each array element launches coherent signal, works in phase array pattern; And between submatrix, launch orthogonal signalling, work in MIMO mode.
2, the design of general direction figure
With
represent the angle of pitch and azimuth, if the beam position of array is
if array comprises N number of array element, be divided into L submatrix.
System general direction figure is seen as the product of three components, be namely expressed as coherent processing gain directional diagram, the product of waveform diversity directional diagram and receiving pattern three.Wherein coherent processing gain directional diagram and waveform diversity directional diagram are determined by the transmitting terminal of system, and receiving pattern is determined by the receiving terminal of system.
The design of general direction figure as shown in Figure 2.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and embodiment one unlike: described step one is specially:
(1) array of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system comprises transmitting battle array and receives battle array; And launch battle array and receive battle array and adopt identical array structure, namely adopt receipts/send out shared battle array; Array comprises N number of array element, is divided into L submatrix, if the array number in l (1≤l≤L) individual submatrix is N
l, namely
(2) in the transmitting battle array of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system, control array beams with array element phase shifter and point to, if beam position is
carry out amplitude weighting to transmitting of each array element, to carry out launching beam formation, thus total N number of launching beam forms power, constitutes launching beam and forms weight vector w simultaneously
t;
Wherein, described w
tfor N dimensional vector, w
tthe 1st walk to N
1row element forms a N
1dimensional vector, is that the launching beam of the 1st submatrix forms weight vector, uses w
t_1represent; N
1+ 1 walks to N
1+ N
2row element constitutes a N
2dimensional vector, is that the launching beam of the 2nd submatrix forms weight vector, uses w
t_2represent; N
1+ N
2+ ... N
l-1row is to N
1+ N
2+ ... N
l-1+ N
lrow element constitutes a N
ldimensional vector, is that the launching beam of l submatrix forms weight vector, uses w
t_lrepresent; The rest may be inferred; And N-N
lrow constitutes a N to N-th row element
ldimensional vector, is that the launching beam of L submatrix forms weight vector, uses w
t_Lrepresent;
(3) establish
for launching the guiding vector of battle array,
a N dimensional vector, wherein,
the 1st walk to N
1row element constitutes a N
1dimensional vector is the transmitting battle array guiding vector of the 1st submatrix, uses
represent; N
1+ 1 walks to N
1+ N
2row element constitutes a N
2dimensional vector is the transmitting battle array guiding vector of the 2nd submatrix, uses
represent; N
1+ N
2+ ... N
l-1row is to N
1+ N
2+ ... N
l-1+ N
lrow element constitutes a N
ldimensional vector is the transmitting battle array guiding vector of l submatrix, uses
represent; The rest may be inferred; And N-N
lrow constitutes a N to N-th row element
ldimensional vector is the transmitting battle array guiding vector of L submatrix, uses
represent;
Wherein, described in
represent the angle of pitch and azimuth, described θ: the angle of pitch, namely in xyz coordinate system, the projection of line in xoy plane in the origin of coordinates and direction, place and the angle of x-axis;
azimuth, namely in xyz coordinate system, the line in the origin of coordinates and direction, place and the angle of z-axis;
(4) the coherent processing gain vector of definition transmitting battle array is
A L dimensional vector, in formula,
hrepresent conjugate transpose;
Then coherent processing gain directional diagram
for
Other step and parameter identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and embodiment one or two unlike: described step 2 is specially:
With
represent the transmit time of delay of l submatrix compared with the 1st submatrix caused by wave path-difference, thus, definition waveform diversity vector
it is a L dimensional vector:
Wherein, described in
represent the waveform diversity of l submatrix; Then waveform diversity directional diagram is
Wherein,
represent
conjugate transpose, wherein
hrepresent conjugate transpose;
represent the waveform diversity vector at beam position place,
represent the beam position of array.
Other step and parameter identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three unlike: described step 3 is specially:
In the reception battle array of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system, each array element phase shifter, for controlling the beam position receiving battle array, carries out Taylor weighting to the Received signal strength of each array element, to suppress the sidelobe level of receiving pattern simultaneously; If in reception battle array, the 1st array element is positioned at the origin of coordinates is reference array element, n-th (n=1 ..., N) and the coordinate of individual array element is (x
n, y
n), order
if
In formula, λ is operation wavelength,
represent the phase shift value of the n-th array element, thus, order
it is a N dimensional vector;
If the submatrix transition matrix of array is T, it is that N × L ties up matrix, and jointly determined by the phase shift value of subarray configuration, each array element and amplitude weighting, then the guiding vector receiving battle array is
It is a L dimensional vector, T
hfor the conjugate transpose of T;
And receiving pattern is
Wherein,
represent
conjugate transpose,
represent the reception battle array guiding vector at beam position place,
represent the beam position of array.
Other step and parameter identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four unlike: described step 4 is specially:
The general direction figure of system is above-mentioned coherent processing gain directional diagram, the product of waveform diversity directional diagram and receiving pattern three, namely
Other step and parameter identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Claims (5)
1. the beam pattern method of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system, is characterized in that it realizes according to the following steps:
One, according to coherent processing gain vector design coherent processing gain directional diagram;
Two, according to waveform diversity vector design waveform diversity directional diagram;
Three, according to reception battle array guiding vector design receiving pattern;
Four, the directional diagram of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system is synthesized by coherent processing gain directional diagram, waveform diversity directional diagram and receiving pattern;
Wherein, described coherent processing gain directional diagram and waveform diversity directional diagram are determined by the transmitting terminal of system, and receiving pattern is determined by the receiving terminal of described system.
2. the beam pattern method of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system according to claim 1, is characterized in that described step one is specially:
(1) array of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system comprises transmitting battle array and receives battle array; And launch battle array and receive battle array and adopt identical array structure, namely adopt receipts/send out shared battle array; Array comprises N number of array element, is divided into L submatrix, if the array number in l (1≤l≤L) individual submatrix is N
l, namely
(2) in the transmitting battle array of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system, control array beams with array element phase shifter and point to, if beam position is
be weighted transmitting of each array element, to carry out launching beam formation, thus total N number of launching beam forms power, constitutes launching beam and forms weight vector w simultaneously
t;
Wherein, described w
tfor N dimensional vector, w
tthe 1st walk to N
1row element forms a N
1dimensional vector, is that the launching beam of the 1st submatrix forms weight vector, uses w
t_1represent; N
1+ 1 walks to N
1+ N
2row element constitutes a N
2dimensional vector, is that the launching beam of the 2nd submatrix forms weight vector, uses w
t_2represent; N
1+ N
2+ ... N
l-1row is to N
1+ N
2+ ... N
l-1+ N
lrow element constitutes a N
ldimensional vector, is that the launching beam of l submatrix forms weight vector, uses w
t_lrepresent; The rest may be inferred; And N-N
lrow constitutes a N to N-th row element
ldimensional vector, is that the launching beam of L submatrix forms weight vector, uses w
t_Lrepresent;
(3) establish
for launching the guiding vector of battle array,
a N dimensional vector, wherein,
the 1st walk to N
1row element constitutes a N
1dimensional vector is the transmitting battle array guiding vector of the 1st submatrix, uses
represent; N
1+ 1 walks to N
1+ N
2row element constitutes a N
2dimensional vector is the transmitting battle array guiding vector of the 2nd submatrix, uses
represent; N
1+ N
2+ ... N
l-1row is to N
1+ N
2+ ... N
l-1+ N
lrow element constitutes a N
ldimensional vector is the transmitting battle array guiding vector of l submatrix, uses
represent; The rest may be inferred; And N-N
lrow constitutes a N to N-th row element
ldimensional vector is the transmitting battle array guiding vector of L submatrix, uses
represent;
Wherein, described in
represent the angle of pitch and azimuth, described θ: the angle of pitch, namely in xyz coordinate system, the projection of line in xoy plane in the origin of coordinates and direction, place and the angle of x-axis;
azimuth, namely in xyz coordinate system, the line in the origin of coordinates and direction, place and the angle of z-axis;
(4) the coherent processing gain vector of definition transmitting battle array is
Be a L dimensional vector, in formula, H represents conjugate transpose;
Then coherent processing gain directional diagram
for
3. the beam pattern method of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described step 2 is specially:
With
represent the transmit time of delay of l submatrix compared with the 1st submatrix caused by wave path-difference, thus, definition waveform diversity vector
it is a L dimensional vector:
Wherein, described in
represent the waveform diversity of l submatrix; Waveform diversity directional diagram is
Wherein,
represent
conjugate transpose, wherein H represents conjugate transpose,
represent the waveform diversity vector at beam position place,
represent the beam position of array.
4. the beam pattern method of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system according to claim 3, is characterized in that described step 3 is specially:
In the reception battle array of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system, each array element phase shifter, for controlling the beam position received, carries out Taylor weighting to the Received signal strength of each array element, to suppress the sidelobe level of receiving pattern simultaneously; If in reception battle array, the 1st array element is positioned at the origin of coordinates is reference array element, n-th (n=1 ..., N) and the coordinate of individual array element is (x
n, y
n), order
if
In formula, λ is operation wavelength,
represent the phase shift value of the n-th array element, thus, order
it is a N dimensional vector;
If the submatrix transition matrix of array is T, it is that N × L ties up matrix, and jointly determined by the phase shift value of subarray configuration, each array element and amplitude weighting, then the guiding vector receiving battle array is
It is a L dimensional vector, T
hfor the conjugate transpose of T;
And receiving pattern is
Wherein,
represent
conjugate transpose;
represent the reception battle array guiding vector at beam position place,
represent the beam position of array.
5. the beam pattern method of Subarray mixing MIMO-phased array system according to claim 4, is characterized in that described step 4 is specially:
The general direction figure of system is above-mentioned coherent processing gain directional diagram, the product of waveform diversity directional diagram and receiving pattern three, namely
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106324602A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-01-11 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | MIMO sonar system |
| CN106374235A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 电子科技大学 | Subarray four-dimensional antenna array-based MIMO radar apparatus |
| CN108459301A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-08-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of MIMO radar waveform design method based on isomery battle array |
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| JP2014027367A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-02-06 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Radio communication system and radio communication method |
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| JP2014027367A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-02-06 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Radio communication system and radio communication method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106324602A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-01-11 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | MIMO sonar system |
| CN106374235A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 电子科技大学 | Subarray four-dimensional antenna array-based MIMO radar apparatus |
| CN108459301A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-08-28 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of MIMO radar waveform design method based on isomery battle array |
| CN108459301B (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2021-10-08 | 西安电子科技大学 | Heterogeneous array-based MIMO radar waveform design method |
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