CN105021935A - Method and electric device for detecting electric leakage of electric device - Google Patents
Method and electric device for detecting electric leakage of electric device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and an electric device for detecting electric leakage, relating to the electric leakage protection technology field. Under the condition that no extra devices are added, the invention can simply and reliably realize electric leakage detection of the electric device. The method for detecting electric leakage of the electric device comprises steps of conducting the lower bridge segment of a three phase inverter bridge for a while before a motor is started up, wherein the time frame is an integral multiple of a power supply cycle, obtaining a current value of each current sensor of each sampling moment in the time frame according to a sampling interval, obtaining current calculation parameters representing three current sensors in the whole time frame according to the current value of each current sensor of each sampling moment in the time frame, and if the current calculation parameter is greater or equal to a preset threshold, determining that the electric device has electric leakage, wherein the preset threshold value is determined by the fact that the circuit members in electric device are not damaged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrical leakage resist technology field, particularly relate to a kind of method and the electric equipment that detect electrical leakage.
Background technology
Electrical equipment epoch a lot of household electrical appliance all be unable to do without the support of electric power, but sometimes in the process using household electrical appliance, touch the sensation that shell has a kind of fiber crops fiber crops, can be luminous with electroprobe test neon lamp, leaky that people often run into that Here it is, how to ensure the use that user can be safe, how evading danger of hazardous electrical discharges is the vital problem of field of household appliances.
In the prior art, the dangerous accident caused because electric equipment electric leakage is avoided by increase leakage protection circuit or increase detection of electrons element (as neon tube, electric capacity, resistance, relay etc.).Be illustrated in figure 1 a kind of leakage protective circuit of air conditioner, this circuit comprises direct current power source portion 1, electric circuit inspection part 2, current processing part (comprising pressure limiting pipe 3, pressure limiting pipe 4 and electric capacity 5) and Current amplifier rectifying part.Wherein, Current amplifier rectifying part comprises amplifying circuit and rectification circuit, and amplifying circuit comprises resistance 6, resistance 7, resistance 9 and amplifier tube 8, and rectification circuit comprises electric capacity 10, electric capacity 12 and commutator tube 11.Concrete; DC power portion is divided into leakage protection circuit to provide direct supply; when electric circuit inspection part 2 has detected leakage current; so the two ends of electric circuit inspection part 2 are with electrical leakage voltage; this voltage passes to Current amplifier rectification circuit through current processing part; pass to the center-control interface 13 of air-conditioning; judge whether leakage current value exceedes setting value by center-control; when not exceeding setting value; central controller is failure to actuate; air conditioner normally works, and cuts off the electricity supply when exceeding setting value, and air conditioner quits work.
Therefore, existing earth leakage protective device needs on the basis of original circuit, add extra device and carries out electrical leakage protection, increases cost.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment provides a kind of method and the electric equipment that detect electrical leakage, with when additionally not increasing device, the simple and easy electrical leakage that realizes reliably detects.
For achieving the above object, embodiments of the invention adopt following technical scheme:
First aspect, embodiments provide a kind of method detecting electrical leakage, be applied to the circuit in described electrical equipment, described circuit comprises three-phase commutation bridge, three phase inverter bridge, motor, three current sensors, one end of described three current sensors is connected with one of the lower brachium pontis of described three phase inverter bridge respectively, and the other end is connected with described motor, and described method comprises:
Before electric motor starting, by lower brachium pontis conducting one time period of described three phase inverter bridge, the described time period is the integral multiple of power cycle;
Obtain the current value of each current sensor of each sampling instant obtained according to sampling interval within the described time period;
According to the current value of each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, obtain for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period;
If described electric current measuring and calculating parameter is more than or equal to the threshold value preset, then determine described electrical leakage, described in the threshold value that presets be determine according to the circuit devcie in described electrical equipment is not damaged.
Optionally, described electric current measuring and calculating parameter is electric current accumulated value, the described current value according to each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, obtains and comprises for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period:
According to the current value of each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, to obtain in the described time period each sampling instant by the electric current superposition value of described three current sensors;
The electric current superposition value of sampling instant each in the described time period by described three current sensors being added up, obtaining for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period.
Optionally, described electric current measuring and calculating parameter is current average, the described current value according to each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, obtains and comprises for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period:
According to the current value of each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, to obtain in the described time period each sampling instant by the electric current superposition value of described three current sensors;
Calculating the mean value by the electric current superposition value of described three current sensors in the whole described time period, obtaining for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period.
Optionally, described in described electrical leakage detected after, described method also comprises: turn off described three phase inverter bridge.
Optionally, after the described three phase inverter bridge of described shutoff or simultaneously, described method also comprises: send alerting signal.
Optionally, the described time period is more than or equal to a described power cycle, and is less than or equal to five described power cycles.
Optionally, the described time period is two power cycles.
Second aspect, embodiments provide a kind of electric equipment, comprise circuit and controller, described circuit comprises three-phase commutation bridge, three phase inverter bridge, motor, three current sensors, one end of described three current sensors is connected with one of the lower brachium pontis of described three phase inverter bridge respectively, and the other end is connected with described motor, it is characterized in that, described controller adopts the method for the detection electrical leakage according to any one of above-mentioned first aspect to carry out detection of electrical leakage to described electric equipment.
Embodiments provide a kind of method and the electric equipment that detect electrical leakage, method application and the circuit in described electrical equipment of this detection electrical leakage, described circuit comprises three-phase commutation bridge, three phase inverter bridge, motor, three current sensors, one end of described three current sensors is connected with one of the lower brachium pontis of described three phase inverter bridge respectively, the other end is connected with described motor, described detection electrical leakage method comprises: before electric motor starting, by lower brachium pontis conducting one time period of described three phase inverter bridge, the described time period is the integral multiple of power cycle; Obtain the current value of each current sensor of each sampling instant obtained according to sampling interval within the described time period; According to the current value of each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, obtain for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period; If described electric current measuring and calculating parameter is more than or equal to the threshold value preset, then determine described electrical leakage, described in the threshold value that presets be determine according to the circuit devcie in described electrical equipment is not damaged.Compared with prior art; the method of the detection electrical leakage that the embodiment of the present invention provides is on the basis of the circuit of electric equipment own; do not increase any leakage protection circuit or detection of electrons element; the detection to electric equipment electric leakage is realized only by software design patterns; that is; under the prerequisite not increasing any hardware cost; go out electrical equipment by software detection whether to leak electricity; and then electric equipment is protected; implementation method is reliably simple and easy, substantially increases the security that user uses electric equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
A kind of leakage protective circuit of air conditioner schematic diagram that Fig. 1 provides for prior art;
The circuit diagram of a kind of electric equipment that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The circuit diagram of a kind of electric equipment electric leakage that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of method schematic diagram detecting electric equipment and whether leak electricity that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
A kind of schematic equivalent circuit detecting electric equipment and whether leak electricity that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The relation schematic diagram of each phase voltage of a kind of power supply that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and diode current flow;
A kind of schematic equivalent circuit detecting electric equipment and whether leak electricity that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic equivalent circuit whether the another kind detection electric equipment that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the present invention leaks electricity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
To facilitate understanding of the present embodiment of the invention, first introduce during the embodiment of the present invention describes at this several key elements that can introduce.
(A) application and the basic circuit in household electrical appliance, described household electrical appliance can be air-conditioning, refrigerator, washing machine etc.As shown in Figure 2, described circuit comprises three-phase commutation bridge, three phase inverter bridge, three current sensors, motor, and one end of described three current sensors is connected with one of the lower brachium pontis of described three phase inverter bridge respectively, and the other end is connected with described motor.
Wherein, represent three phase lines of AC power in Fig. 2 with R, S, T, N represents the neutral line of AC power, and PE represents the ground wire of AC power; The common anode unit of described three-phase commutation bridge comprises D4, D5 and D6, and common cathode group comprises D1, D2 and D3; The upper brachium pontis of described three phase inverter bridge comprises U+, V+ and W+, and lower brachium pontis comprises U-, V-and W-; Three current sensors comprise: CT1, CT2 and CT3, wherein, one end of current sensor CT1 is connected with the U-of brachium pontis under described three phase inverter bridge, the other end is connected with motor, one end of current sensor CT2 is connected with the V-of brachium pontis under described three phase inverter bridge, the other end is connected with motor, and one end of current sensor CT3 is connected with the W-of brachium pontis under described three phase inverter bridge, and the other end is connected with motor; Resistance R1 is the equivalent resistance in described three-phase commutation bridge connection line; Usually due to S-phase ground connection, so S-phase and ground wire PE connect into loop, consider the impedance had between ground wire PE and S-phase to a certain degree, so resistance R2 is the equivalent resistance between ground wire PE and S-phase, in different electric equipment, the numerical value of R2 is different, probably has several ohm (Ω).
Concrete, AC conversion is the direct current of pulsation by described three-phase commutation bridge, voltage stabilizing electrochemical capacitor C is met after rectification circuit, utilize the characteristic of described voltage stabilizing electrochemical capacitor C discharge and recharge, the direct current of pulsing after making rectification becomes metastable DC voltage, and by described voltage stabilizing electrochemical capacitor C, effective filtering is carried out to undesired signal, then, metastable direct current is through described three phase inverter bridge, become with alternating current supply motor (Motor) frequently, to make motor to operate, for the internal circuit of described electrical equipment provides power.
(B) for circuit described in Fig. 2, because of the electric leakage that motor layer short circuit etc. causes.As shown in Figure 3, under the state of motor electric leakage during starter motor, can excess current be there is when the moment of the U+ conducting in upper brachium pontis, turned back in electrical network by the shell of motor, and the big current flow through instantaneously can cause the damage of power device.Wherein, black arrow indicated direction is the flow direction of electric current, and black heavy line is current return, R
motorfor the equivalent motor impedance of described motor.
For the circuit shown in Fig. 2, embodiments provide a kind of method detecting electrical leakage, as shown in Figure 4, described method comprises:
401, before electric motor starting, by lower brachium pontis conducting one time period of described three phase inverter bridge, the described time period is the integral multiple of power cycle.
Concrete, because the lower brachium pontis of described three phase inverter bridge comprises U-, V-and W-, so described before electric motor starting, lower brachium pontis conducting one time period of described three phase inverter bridge is comprised: before electric motor starting, by whole for the three-phase of the lower brachium pontis of described three phase inverter bridge conducting one time period.
Wherein, the described time period is greater than or is more than or equal to a described power cycle, and is less than or is less than or equal to five described power cycles.Preferably, the described time period is two power cycles.
Example, the frequency of the alternating current of China is 50Hz, and the cycle is 20ms, and so, the described time period is the integral multiple of described cycle 20ms.Generally, the described time period is more than or equal to 20ms, and is less than or equal to 100ms, and according to the experimental data of reality, the described time period is 40ms is optimal selection.
402, the current value of each current sensor of each sampling instant obtained according to sampling interval within the described time period is obtained.
Concrete, each current sensor flows through the electric current of a wherein phase in described three phase inverter bridge for detecting, therefore, need within the described time period, according to sampling interval, acquire the current value of each current sensor of each sampling instant.Wherein, described sampling interval can set according to different electric equipments, does not limit at this.
Example, suppose that the described time period is 40ms, sampling interval is 2ms, and so, in time period 40ms, every 2ms obtains the current value of each current sensor.
403, according to the current value of each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, obtain for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period.
Described electric current measuring and calculating parameter can be electric current accumulated value, also can be current average.Certainly, no matter be electric current accumulated value or current average, other are any, and can to characterize the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole time period all passable.
If when described circuit measuring and calculating parameter is electric current accumulated value, step 403 comprises:
According to the current value of each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, to obtain in the described time period each sampling instant by the electric current superposition value of described three current sensors;
The electric current superposition value of sampling instant each in the described time period by described three current sensors being added up, obtaining for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period.
Example, suppose that the described time period is 40ms, sampling interval is 2ms.According to the current value of each current sensor of each sampling instant that step 402 obtains, the current value of each sampling instant three current sensors is superposed, obtain within this time period, the total current of described three current sensors is flow through in each sampling instant, further, the total current being flow through to described three current sensors each moment in the whole time period adds up, and obtains for characterizing the electric current accumulated value of described three current sensors within the whole described time period.
If when described circuit measuring and calculating parameter is current average, step 403 comprises:
According to the current value of each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, to obtain in the described time period each sampling instant by the electric current superposition value of described three current sensors;
Calculating the mean value by the electric current superposition value of described three current sensors in the whole described time period, obtaining for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period.
Example, suppose that the described time period is 40ms, sampling interval is 2ms.According to the current value of each current sensor of each sampling instant that step 402 obtains, the current value of each sampling instant three current sensors is superposed, obtain within this time period, the total current of described three current sensors is flow through in each sampling instant, further, the total current being flow through to described three current sensors each moment in the whole time period carries out cumulative being averaging, and obtains for characterizing the current average of described three current sensors within the whole described time period.
If 404 described electric currents measuring and calculating parameters are more than or equal to the threshold value preset, then determine described electrical leakage, described in the threshold value that presets be determine according to the circuit devcie in described electrical equipment is not damaged.
Wherein, when described electric current measuring and calculating parameter is electric current accumulated value, described in the threshold value that presets also be the electric current accumulated value when circuit in described electrical equipment can normally work; When described electric current measuring and calculating parameter is current average, described in the threshold value that presets be circuit in described electrical equipment current average when can normally work.
When described electric current measuring and calculating parameter is electric current accumulated value, if described electric current measuring and calculating parameter is more than or equal to the threshold value preset, then determine described electrical leakage; When described electric current measuring and calculating parameter is current average, if described electric current measuring and calculating parameter is more than or equal to the threshold value preset, then determine described electrical leakage.
Further, after described electrical leakage being detected, described method also comprises: turn off described three phase inverter bridge.Concrete, when the described three phase inverter bridge of shutoff, this circuit cannot normally work, and plays the effect of protection circuit.
Further, after the described three phase inverter bridge of shutoff or simultaneously, described method also comprises: send alerting signal, to detect this circuit and to safeguard.
For the method for the circuit shown in Fig. 2 and above-mentioned detection electrical leakage, following brachium pontis (U-, V-, W-) all conducting is that example is described, and specifically comprises:
(1) when electric motor starting, lower brachium pontis (U-, V-, W-) is the 40ms of conducting simultaneously all.Now, because upper brachium pontis (U+, V+, W+) turns off, can not flow through electric current in the common cathode group (D1, D2, D3) of three-phase commutation bridge, voltage stabilizing electrochemical capacitor C and equivalent resistance R1, electricity of equal value as shown in Figure 5.
(2) because diode current flow or shutoff are obtained by supply voltage state, so the diode of conducting can be different, circuit state also can change accordingly.As shown in Figure 6, be the relation of the voltage waveform of each phase and the diode of conducting, wherein, black arrow represents voltage at a time.As can be seen from Figure 6, within the scope of A, during diode D6 conducting, now in three-phase voltage, T-phase voltage is minimum, so the equivalent circuit within the scope of A as shown in Figure 7, defines and connects D6, resistance R2 and motor impedance R
motorcircuit, I
r2for described three current sensors are sampled the electric current superposition value obtained, its direction as shown in phantom in Figure 7, the magnitude of voltage=S-phase voltage-T-phase voltage of this circuit.The like, within the scope of B, equivalent circuit during diode D4 conducting as shown in Figure 8, defines and connects D4, resistance R2 and motor impedance R
motorcircuit, I
r2for described three current sensors are sampled the electric current superposition value obtained, its direction of current as shown in phantom in Figure 8, the magnitude of voltage=R phase voltage-T-phase voltage of this circuit.
(3) under the state of (2), add up by flowing through three current sensor electric current superposition value to sampling instant each in 40ms, when cumulative current value is greater than the current value preset, turns off three phase inverter bridge and send alerting signal.
Embodiments provide a kind of method detecting electrical leakage, application and the circuit in described electrical equipment, described circuit comprises three-phase commutation bridge, three phase inverter bridge, motor, three current sensors, one end of described three current sensors is connected with one of the lower brachium pontis of described three phase inverter bridge respectively, the other end is connected with described motor, described detection electrical leakage method comprises: before electric motor starting, by lower brachium pontis conducting one time period of described three phase inverter bridge, the described time period is the integral multiple of power cycle; Obtain the current value of each current sensor of each sampling instant obtained according to sampling interval within the described time period; According to the current value of each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, obtain for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period; If described electric current measuring and calculating parameter is more than or equal to the threshold value preset, then determine described electrical leakage, described in the threshold value that presets be determine according to the circuit devcie in described electrical equipment is not damaged.Compared with prior art; the method of the detection electrical leakage that the embodiment of the present invention provides is on the basis of the circuit of electric equipment own; do not increase any leakage protection circuit or detection of electrons element; the detection to electric equipment electric leakage is realized only by software design patterns; that is; under the prerequisite not increasing any hardware cost; go out electrical equipment by software detection whether to leak electricity; and then electric equipment is protected; implementation method is reliably simple and easy, substantially increases the security that user uses electric equipment.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of electric equipment, described electric equipment comprises circuit and controller, wherein, described circuit comprises three-phase commutation bridge, three phase inverter bridge, motor, three current sensors, one end of described three current sensors is connected with one of the lower brachium pontis of described three phase inverter bridge respectively, and the other end is connected with described motor, and the method for the detection electrical leakage that described controller adopts the embodiment of the present invention to provide carries out detection of electrical leakage to described electric equipment.
Wherein, described controller comprises processor, described processor can be that (Micro-programmed Control Unit, is called for short MCU, also can be described as microprocessor microcontroller, single-chip microcomputer), in described processor, store the program code of the method detecting electrical leakage, whether leak electricity in order to detect electrical equipment, specifically comprise: before electric motor starting, by lower brachium pontis conducting one time period of described three phase inverter bridge, the described time period is the integral multiple of power cycle;
Obtain the current value of each current sensor of each sampling instant obtained according to sampling interval within the described time period;
According to the current value of each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, obtain for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period;
If described electric current measuring and calculating parameter is more than or equal to the threshold value preset, then determine described electrical leakage, described in the threshold value that presets be determine according to the circuit devcie in described electrical equipment is not damaged.
It should be noted that, can be used for any one for the method detecting electrical leakage and have in the electric equipment of circuit described above described in above-described embodiment, do not repeat them here.
Last it is noted that above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is detected the method for electrical leakage, be applied to the circuit in described electrical equipment, described circuit comprises three-phase commutation bridge, three phase inverter bridge, motor, three current sensors, one end of described three current sensors is connected with one of the lower brachium pontis of described three phase inverter bridge respectively, the other end is connected with described motor, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Before electric motor starting, by lower brachium pontis conducting one time period of described three phase inverter bridge, the described time period is the integral multiple of power cycle;
Obtain the current value of each current sensor of each sampling instant obtained according to sampling interval within the described time period;
According to the current value of each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, obtain for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period;
If described electric current measuring and calculating parameter is more than or equal to the threshold value preset, then determine described electrical leakage, described in the threshold value that presets be determine according to the circuit devcie in described electrical equipment is not damaged.
2. the method for detection electrical leakage according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described electric current measuring and calculating parameter is electric current accumulated value, the described current value according to each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, obtains and comprises for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period:
According to the current value of each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, to obtain in the described time period each sampling instant by the electric current superposition value of described three current sensors;
The electric current superposition value of sampling instant each in the described time period by described three current sensors being added up, obtaining for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period.
3. the method for detection electrical leakage according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described electric current measuring and calculating parameter is current average, the described current value according to each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, obtains and comprises for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period:
According to the current value of each current sensor of sampling instant each in the described time period, to obtain in the described time period each sampling instant by the electric current superposition value of described three current sensors;
Calculating the mean value by the electric current superposition value of described three current sensors in the whole described time period, obtaining for characterizing the electric current measuring and calculating parameter of described three current sensors within the whole described time period.
4. the method for the detection electrical leakage according to any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that, described in described electrical leakage detected after, described method also comprises: turn off described three phase inverter bridge.
5. the method for detection electrical leakage according to claim 4, is characterized in that, after the described three phase inverter bridge of described shutoff or simultaneously, described method also comprises: send alerting signal.
6. the method for detection electrical leakage according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described time period is more than or equal to a described power cycle, and is less than or equal to five described power cycles.
7. the method for detection electrical leakage according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the described time period is two power cycles.
8. an electric equipment, comprise circuit and controller, described circuit comprises three-phase commutation bridge, three phase inverter bridge, motor, three current sensors, one end of described three current sensors is connected with one of the lower brachium pontis of described three phase inverter bridge respectively, the other end is connected with described motor, it is characterized in that, described controller adopts the method for the detection electrical leakage described in any one of claim 1-7 to carry out detection of electrical leakage to described electric equipment.
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| CN111668804A (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-09-15 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Overcurrent protection method and device and electronic equipment |
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| CN105021935B (en) | 2017-12-19 |
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