CN105021142B - The measuring method and equipment therefor of a kind of laser lap weld width - Google Patents
The measuring method and equipment therefor of a kind of laser lap weld width Download PDFInfo
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- CN105021142B CN105021142B CN201510419435.4A CN201510419435A CN105021142B CN 105021142 B CN105021142 B CN 105021142B CN 201510419435 A CN201510419435 A CN 201510419435A CN 105021142 B CN105021142 B CN 105021142B
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- probe
- width
- weld
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- lap weld
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
Abstract
For the demand of quick measurement laser lap weld width, the invention provides a kind of measuring method of laser lap weld width, it is characterised in that：Monotonic increase relation of the detection method based on reflection echo minimum radius of the ultrasonic wave on laser lap weld seam and weld width, the width of laser lap weld seam is measured using the minimum radius of ultrasonic wave reflection echo on laser lap weld seam.In certain error range, this method has stronger reliability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Ultrasonic Nondestructive field, a kind of minimum radius of utilization ultrasonic reflections echo is especially provided
Method to measure laser lap weld width, it is adaptable to which communications and transportation, Aero-Space, shipbuilding, chemical storage tank etc. are large-scale
The Non-Destructive Testing of sheet laser lap weld structure in equipment.
Background technology
Thin-slab structure is in large chemical equipment, the compartment car body of communications and transportation, aerospace appts using extensive.For
The welding of these thin-slab structures, laser lap weldering is good selection.Such as in track traffic, the compartment of some model trains is just
Employ laser lap weldering.Because laser welded seam quality directly affects the operation safety of car, so necessary carried out to it
Safety evaluation.Mechanical property research by relevant personnel such as Kaitanov to laser welded seam, finds the weld seam of laser lap weldering
Width is to influence the important indicator of weld seam static mechanical property and fatigue behaviour.Therefore, measurement weld width is run for vehicle
It is very necessary for safety.
High frequency water immersion focusing probe is widely used on industrial C-scan, because its beam width is than small, the institute of non-focusing probe
It is higher with the lateral resolution of its detection, more trickle feature can be recognized.Again because detection frequency is higher than typically popping one's head in, institute
The wave length of sound motivated with popping one's head in is smaller, can recognize smaller size of defect.Based on this 2 advantages, industrial C-scan is set
The water immersion focusing probe used on standby little by little develops to the direction of high-frequency, small focused spot diameter so that the scanning of examined workpiece
Imaging is relatively sharp.But needed because C-scan is detected to being detected region pointwise scanning, so detection process takes very much.In order to
The width of lap weld can be quickly measured, the actual demand to quick detection of engineering is met, is utilized we have proposed one kind
The method that water immersion focusing probe with certain beam width carrys out quick detection lap weld width.
The method that the present invention is provided is high-frequency, the ultrasound with certain beam width for motivating water immersion focusing probe
Ripple, is applied in the detection of laser lap weld width.One water immersion focusing probe is at laser lap plate suitably height
Launch ultrasonic wave at an angle, motivate ultrasonic wave and incide commissure, ultrasonic wave is saturating in the reflection of commissure part and part
After penetrating, its back wave is by another water immersion focusing probe with identical angular acceptance, and transmitted wave is transmitted to nothing in lower floor's thin plate
Method is received by probe, and the reflection wave signal that probe is received is shown on defectoscope.It has been investigated that, ultrasonic wave is in commissure part
The minimum radius of back wave has the relation of monotone increasing with laser lap weld width, and the method for the invention is exactly using this
Relation, measures the width of laser lap weld seam.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a kind of measuring method of laser lap weld width, this method is for fast
What the demand of speed measurement laser lap weld width was proposed, by using water immersion focusing probe so that wide with certain acoustic beam
The ultrasonic wave of degree forms part reflection and fractional transmission in commissure, utilizes the minimum of ultrasonic wave reflection echo at lap weld
The monotonic increase relation of amplitude and weld width, the minimum radius of the reflection echo shown according to defectoscope is taken to measure laser
The width of welding seam.In certain error range, this method has stronger reliability.
The present invention specifically provides a kind of measuring method of laser lap weld width, it is characterised in that：The detection side
The phenomenon of part reflection and fractional transmission, and the minimum radius based on reflection echo occur based on ultrasonic wave at lap weld for method
It is in the relation of monotonic increase with weld width, the detection side that a hair one is received is realized in commissure using two water immersion focusing probes
Formula, to measure the width of laser lap weld seam.
The measuring method of laser lap weld width of the present invention, it is characterised in that measuring process is as follows：
1), according to the width range of detected weld, suitable water immersion focusing probe is selected, its focused spot diameter popped one's head in is in weldering
Between stitch Breadth Maximum 0.8 times to 1.2 times；
2) the distance between incident angle and two probes of probe, are established so that the acoustic beam that receives of probe is the
Primary event echo；
3), determine probe to the distance of examined workpiece upper surface so that probe focuses on the lower surface of top plate；
4), according to the distance of probe size, incidence angle, two probe distances and probe to examined workpiece upper surface, make
Probe stuck-module, and it is assembled into detection means；
5) standard specimen of different weld widths, is made；
6) minimum amplitude of reflection echo on different weld width samples, is gathered；
7) minimum radius and weld width relation of reflection echo, are set up；
8), according to the relation of step (7), the detection means set up using step (4) is wide to measure laser lap weld seam
Degree.
Step 1) according to the width range of the tested laser lap weld seam of statistics, the focal spot of the water immersion focusing probe of selection is straight
Footpath should be slightly smaller than maximum weld width.The acoustic beam so motivated forms the phenomenon of part reflection and fractional transmission in commissure,
It is easier to be found.Again due to probe oblique incidence at a certain angle, so being considered as the focused spot diameter formed in commissure than hanging down
The straight incident focused spot diameter formed is big.
Step 3) determine probe to the distance of examined workpiece upper surface：Transverse wave velocity in stainless steel plate is the velocity of sound in water
2.3 times, so distance=probe focal length -2.3* steel plate thickness of the probe to plate upper surface.
Step 5) prepare standard specimen：Due to detecting the minimum of the reflection echo based on ultrasonic wave on laser lap weld seam
The relation of amplitude and weld width, so this method is applied to before detection, it is necessary to clear and definite reflection echo minimum radius and weldering
Corresponding relation between slit width degree.Firstly, it is necessary to make a series of laser lap weld seam known to width.In order to meet and be detected
Workpiece has identical condition, and the making of standard specimen should be consistent with actually detected workpiece as far as possible.Reference block is by wire cutting system
Into even width, thickness of slab is suitable with actually detected workpiece, forms the test block of different in width.
Step 6) signal acquisition：The detection device made is placed in reference block, by two water immersion focusing probes
Across weld seam, slowly it is moved at reflection echo minimum value, and records numerical value, it is corresponding with weld width.
Step 7) set up ultrasonic reflections echo minimum radius and weld width relation：By different weld widths and its sample
On reflection echo minimum radius correspond, draw both relation curves.
Present invention also offers a kind of detection means of laser lap weld width, it is characterised in that：The measurement apparatus
Try including incident probe 1, receiving transducer 2, probe stuck-module 3, defectoscope 4 and for the standard for simulating different weld widths
Block 5；Wherein incident probe 1 is the water immersion focusing probe for incident ultrasound wave；Receiving transducer 2 is the water for receiving ultrasonic wave
Soak focusing probe 2；The probe is not limited to the parameters such as focal length size, size, driving frequency and incident angle.Probe is fixed
Module 3 makes two probes at an angle and depth of focus incidence and reception for fixing incident probe 1 and receiving transducer 2
Ultrasonic wave；Defectoscope 4 connects incident probe 1 and receiving transducer 2, excitation and the reception of echo-signal for probe；Standard is tried
Block 5 is used for the relation set up between the minimum radius of different weld widths and reflection echo, and the standard specimen 5 is not limited to chi
Very little, composition, production method etc..
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the model of laser lap weld seam to be checked.
Fig. 2 is probe stuck-module structural representation.
Fig. 3 is the detection means schematic diagram for measuring laser lap weld width.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram (wherein, upper thickness of slab 2mm, lower thickness of slab 0.8mm) of reference block.
Fig. 5 is reflection minimum radius and the relation curve of weld width of the ultrasonic wave in laser lap weld seam.
Reference：1 is incident probe, and 2 be receiving transducer, and 3 be probe stuck-module, and 4 be defectoscope, and 5 be standard examination
Block, 11 be upper thin sheet, and 12 be lower thin sheet, and 13 be laser lap weld seam.
Embodiment
The present invention is specifically described by the following examples, it is necessary to it is pointed out here that be that the present embodiment is served only for
The present invention is further described, it is impossible to be interpreted as the limitation to invention protection domain, the person skilled in the art in the field can
To make some nonessential modifications and adaptations according to the content of the invention described above.
Embodiment
To detect one piece of lapping plate (such as Fig. 1, laser formed by the 304 stainless steel plate Laser Weldings that 2mm is thick and 0.8mm is thick
Lap weld model) exemplified by, the method for illustrating to measure laser lap welding line width with the minimum radius of ultrasonic reflections echo.
Step 1)：According to the width range of tested laser welded seam, suitable water immersion focusing probe is selected：
By substantial amounts of statistics, find to weld the lapping plate formed by 2mm thickness and the thick stainless steel plates of 0.8mm, its weld seam is wide
Degree is between 0.4-1.5mm.In order to cause the part reflection that acoustic beam is formed in commissure with fractional transmission in amplitude upper body
Reveal certain difference, so as to increase detection sensitivity, the probe focused spot diameter that we select answers size suitable.Further, since
Probe oblique incidence, so focal spot is bigger than vertical incidence in the size of welded seam area, therefore the focused spot diameter of selection should be appropriate small
In maximum weld width.According to statistics, the water immersion focusing probe that we select focused spot diameter to be 1.0mm is measured.
Step 2)：Establish probe incident angle and two probe the distance between；
In order that the acoustic beam of probe transmitting has part to reflect and fractional transmission in commissure, and cause transmitted wave from weighing
Newly reflect, it is necessary to which so that acoustic beam has certain incident angle.Here we cause the incidence angle of probe for 18 degree, and refraction
Angle is 45 degree.The distance of probe receives first reflection echo by receiving transducer and is defined.
Step 3)：It is determined that probe is arrived by the distance of examination board upper surface；
Transverse wave velocity in stainless steel plate is about 2.3 times of the velocity of sound in water, so distance=spy of the probe to plate upper surface
Head focal length -2.3* steel plate thickness, because the focusing probe focal length used in the present embodiment is that 25mm, upper strata steel plate thickness are 2mm,
So distance of the probe to plate upper surface is about 20mm.Notice this calculating in have ignored probe oblique incidence angle, but due to
Probe has certain depth of focus, so influenceing within the specific limits smaller.
Step 4)：Make probe stuck-module；
The external diameter of two water immersion focusing probes is 15mm, and incident angle is 18 °, apart from examined workpiece surface 20mm.By with
Upper parameter makes probe stuck-module, as shown in Figure 2.
Step 5)：The preparation of standard specimen；
In order to obtain the consistent uniform reference block of simulation weld width, we are made using the method for wire cutting
Make.By the thick stainless steel plate of one piece of 3mm, reference block as shown in Figure 3 is made using the method for wire cutting, upper thickness of slab 2mm, under
Thickness of slab 0.8mm, gap are 0.2mm, and wherein join domain has different width.
Step 6)：Signal acquisition；
As shown in figure 4, including incident probe 1 for measuring laser lap weld width device, receiving transducer 2, probe are solid
Cover half block 3, supersonic detector 4.Detection means is placed in reference block 5, two probes are across weld seam, regulation detection dress
The position in reference block 5 is put, the minimum radius of reflection echo is recorded on supersonic detector 4.
Step 7)：Set up the minimum radius and weld width relation of reflection echo；
The minimum amplitude value of reflection echo is measured in the reference block 5 of different weld widths, both relations are drawn bent
Line, as shown in Figure 5.
Step 8)：Laser lap weld width is measured using the minimum radius of reflection echo；
After the relation for the minimum radius for setting up weld width and reflection echo, it is possible to utilize the minimum radius of reflection echo
To measure the width of weld seam.This method has stronger reliability in the range of certain allowable error.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art
Scholar can understand present disclosure and implement according to this, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all according to the present invention
The equivalent change or modification that Spirit Essence is made, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of measuring method of laser lap weld width, it is characterised in that：Based on ultrasonic wave at lap weld generating unit
Divide the phenomenon of reflection and fractional transmission, and the minimum radius based on reflection echo and the relation that weld width is in monotonic increase, it is sharp
The detection mode that a hair one is received is realized in commissure with two water immersion focusing probes, to measure the width of laser lap weld seam, is surveyed
Measure step as follows：
1), according to the width range of detected weld, select suitable water immersion focusing probe, the focused spot diameter that it is popped one's head in weld seam most
Between 0.8 times to 1.2 times of big width；
2) the distance between incident angle and two probes of probe, are established so that the acoustic beam that receives of probe is for the first time
Reflection echo；
3), determine probe to the distance of examined workpiece upper surface so that probe focal spot focuses on the lower surface of top plate；
4), according to the distance of probe size, incidence angle, two probe distances and probe to examined workpiece upper surface, probe is made
Stuck-module, and it is assembled into detection means；
5) standard specimen of different weld widths, is made；
6) minimum amplitude of reflection echo on different weld width samples, is gathered；
7) minimum radius and weld width relation of reflection echo, are set up；
8), according to the relation of step (7), the detection means set up using step (4) measures laser lap weld width.
2. according to the measuring method of laser lap weld width described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 3) in probe arrive quilt
Examine distance=probe focal length -2.3* steel plate thickness of workpiece surface.
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| CN201510419435.4A CN105021142B (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2015-07-15 | The measuring method and equipment therefor of a kind of laser lap weld width |
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| CN105021142B true CN105021142B (en) | 2017-09-29 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US10799986B2 (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2020-10-13 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Wide path welding, cladding, additive manufacturing |
| CN106017371B (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2018-07-06 | 浙江大学 | The measuring device and its method of surface defect opening width based on laser-ultrasound |
| CN106323207A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Composite billet weld fusion depth detecting device and method |
| CN106513992A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-03-22 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Process method for improving welding seam quality of lap laser welding |
| CN106383170B (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2020-07-14 | 郑州大学 | Method for measuring width of lap weld by using transmitted wave of lamb wave |
| CN107063145B (en) * | 2017-01-26 | 2018-07-24 | 大连理工大学 | Incident drift angle in ultrasonic thickness measurement recognizes automatically and error compensating method |
| CN109507294A (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-03-22 | 东北大学 | A kind of thermal barrier coating water logging supersonic damage-free detection method |
| CN110095491B (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2021-08-20 | 上海华力微电子有限公司 | Defect detection system, defect detection method and electron beam scanning machine |
| CN112705852A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-27 | 江苏华宸激光智能装备有限公司 | Laser-electric arc hybrid welding system for wide welding seam |
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| CN102854248A (en) * | 2012-09-14 | 2013-01-02 | 桂林电器科学研究院 | Ultrasonic wave detection system of thin-sheet workpiece annular weld seam |
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