CN105014033A - Method for simulating solidification structure growth process of continuous cast billet - Google Patents
Method for simulating solidification structure growth process of continuous cast billet Download PDFInfo
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- CN105014033A CN105014033A CN201510399304.4A CN201510399304A CN105014033A CN 105014033 A CN105014033 A CN 105014033A CN 201510399304 A CN201510399304 A CN 201510399304A CN 105014033 A CN105014033 A CN 105014033A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for simulating the solidification structure growth process of a continuous cast billet. The method comprises the following steps: a steel material for simulating the solidification process of a continuous cast billet is molten and cast in a resistor furnace, and the length of the cast steel sample is 1/2 of the thickness of the simulated continuous cast billet; one end of the steel sample is cooled down by circulating water; and the liquid-phase temperature gradient of the steel sample is adjusted and controlled through a segmental temperature control heating furnace, and a linear motor is utilized to drive the heating furnace or the steel sample to adjust and control the moving speed of the solid-liquid interface to be the same as that of the continuous cast billet, so that the solidification structure growth process of the continuous cast billet is simulated. As the steel sample is molten and solidified under the protection of vacuum or high-purity atmosphere, oxidation or element evaporation can be prevented. According to the method, the small-sized steel sample is utilized for reproduction of the continuous cast billet solidification process, so that the influence law of the solidification structure and defect forming processes of the continuous cast billet and the continuous casting process parameters on the cast billet solidification structure can be observed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of based on function control solid liquid interface translational speed and thermograde, thus the method for simulation continuous-casting billet coagulation tissue growth process, belong to metal freezing technical field.
Background technology
Continuous casting is the main flow production technology of current metallurgical industry.Steel ingot-the rolling mill practice dominated since the appearance of continuous casting steel machine technology fundamentally changes a century.Traditional ingot mould pouring technology reformed by continuous casting steel machine, high-temperature molten steel in ladle is not be cast in ingot mould, and make continuously to be cast in water mold, the steel billet being frozen into certain shell thickness is drawn out continuously in crystallizer, and formation continuous casting of molten steel and steel billet connect the process of drawing.Since continuous casting steel machine technology large-scale industrial application, increased substantially metal lumber recovery, economize energy with it, the outstanding advantages such as to raise labour productivity obtains the favor on metallurgical boundary.To 20 end of the centurys, the continuous casting ratio of each steel and iron industry power has reached 95 more than %.China's continuous casting eighties in 20th century is produced and is started high speed development, and within 2014, national continuous casting billet output is 8.23 hundred million tons, and continuous casting ratio is more than 99 %.
Research about continuous casting billet solidification processing is a global problem.Continuous casting billet not only has the total feature of high temperature, the metal solidification process such as opaque, and owing to being large-scale industrial production, the experiment research the current comparative maturity such as method, thermal analysis system, direct observational method and physical Modeling Method that makes to incline all encounters difficulty.For studying the process of setting of continuous casting billet, domestic and international metallargist has dropped into a large amount of manpower and financial resources, comprises development tonne experiment conticaster.Although experiment conticaster reduces experimental cost, the information of the casting blank solidification process that industrial conticaster cannot obtain, experiment conticaster is also difficult to collect, and experimental cost is higher.
In the continuous casting of steel, casting blank solidification heat transfer is mainly carried out in vertical throwing direction, and the solidification and heat transfer in throwing direction is negligible.The heat transfer of continuous casting billet is mainly formed to center " consecutive solidification " by surface on thickness direction or radial direction, therefore the heat transfer of continuous casting billet can be assumed to be the directional solidification of one dimension.But with existing unidirectional solidification experimental technique unlike, in continuous casting billet solidification processing, solid-liquid interface advances speed to be nonlinear change, and solid-liquid interface temp gradient at front edge is also constantly change.
" continuous casting billet solidified structure physical simulating method and device " (China Patent Publication No.: CN101075287) of Shanghai University, by controlling the degree of superheat and cold junction discharge and crucible rotation mode, continuous casting billet solidified structure and technological parameter can be simulated on the impact of solidified structure.But this device can not realize watering pouring functions, steel sample original position fusing after coagulation, so can not simulate the solidified structure growth course that pouring molten steel enters crystallizer.Because the development of solidified structure has history dependence, therefore the continuous casting billet solidified structure of this unit simulation and actual strand have bigger difference.
" analogy method of horizontal growth process of solidification structure and device " (China Patent Publication No.: CN 101722291A) of Shanghai University, by original position upset cast, control liquidus temperature and cold junction discharge, continuous casting billet horizontal growth process of solidification structure can be simulated.But because this device mode of heating is one-part form heating, the accurate control of solidified structure temperature gradient of solid-liquid interface and growth rate can not be realized, thus can certain error be produced compared with actual continuous casting billet.The continuous-casting billet coagulation tissue growth process analogy method that the present invention proposes adopts Segmented heating, whole burner hearth is divided into different interval by it, separate with thermal insulation board, and each interval can independently function temperature control, by regulating the temperature control program in each district, more conveniently required thermograde can must be obtained; Coordinate linear electric motors function to control the translational speed of burner hearth or steel sample, the accurate control to liquidus temperature gradient and solid liquid interface translational speed can be realized.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of analogy method of continuous-casting billet coagulation tissue growth process comparatively accurately.
Steel sample is placed on fusing and cast in resistance furnace by the present invention, steel sample one end after cast is cooled by water-cooled copper bar, utilize Segmented heating system and linear electric motors, the liquidus temperature gradient of regulation and control steel sample and solid liquid interface translational speed, make it consistent with the liquidus temperature gradient of continuous casting billet and solid liquid interface translational speed, thus the solidified structure growth course of simulation continuous casting billet.
An analogy method for continuous-casting billet coagulation tissue growth process, its principal character is as follows:
The steel material of simulation continuous casting billet solidification processing melts and pours into a mould in resistance furnace, the strip of to be length be continuous casting billet 1/2 thickness of the steel sample after cast; The heat of tapping sample process of setting release, by circulating water, is led in steel sample one end; The liquidus temperature gradient of regulation and control steel sample and solid liquid interface translational speed, make it consistent with the liquidus temperature gradient of continuous casting billet and solid liquid interface translational speed, thus the solidified structure growth course of simulation continuous casting billet.
Described method, heating and melting in resistance furnace, and drive T-shaped crucible to overturn by rotary water-cooled bar, realize original position cast.Steel material is contained in ladle, is poured in T-shaped crucible after fusing.Water-cooled copper boom end is fixed in T-shaped crucible one end, and water flowing cooling in copper bar, as steel sample cooling source.Utilize thermal insulation board that whole burner hearth is divided into high-temperature region and low-temperature space two parts; High-temperature region is according to continuous casting billet heart portion temperature temperature control, and low-temperature space, for adjusting steel sample liquid phase thermograde, realizes the regulation and control of continuous casting billet liquidus temperature gradient.Utilize thermal insulation board that whole burner hearth is divided into high-temperature region and low-temperature space two parts; Wherein high-temperature region increases a heating ring near the position of thermal insulation board; High-temperature region is according to continuous casting billet heart portion temperature temperature control, and heating ring is for adjusting high-temperature region thermograde, and to control steel sample liquid phase thermograde, low-temperature space, according to continuous casting billet skin temperature temperature control, realizes the regulation and control of continuous casting billet liquidus temperature gradient and the control of surface temperature.
Described method, utilizes linear electric motors to drive calandria to move, steel sample is drawn in low-temperature space from high-temperature region and solidifies gradually, to control solid liquid interface translational speed.Utilize linear electric motors to drive water-cooled bar to drive crucible and steel sample to move, steel sample drawn in low-temperature space from high-temperature region and solidifies gradually, realizing controlling solid liquid interface translational speed.Steel sample can be quenched at any time, stops to solidify, to observe solidified structure growth course.Steel sample melts and solidifies under vacuum or high-purity atmosphere protection, can avoid oxidation or element evaporation, and wherein high-purity atmosphere obtains by vacuumizing the rear anti-high-purity gas that fills.
Fusing and cast.Steel sample is contained in heat fused in ladle, after reaching requirement temperature, is poured in crucible.Also water-cooled bar 8 can be driven to drive T-shaped crucible and steel sample 7 to rotate 180 ° and to realize original position cast.Water pouring functions and can realize the initial solidification process of simulation molten steel in crystallizer.Because solidified structure has history dependence, be conducive to obtaining microstructure modeling result more accurately so water pouring functions.
The regulation and control of liquidus temperature gradient.Utilize Segmented heating to realize the controlling and adjustment of temperature gradient of solid-liquid interface, by thermal insulation board 5, the burner hearth of whole heating furnace 1 is divided into Liang Ge district: high-temperature region 2 and low-temperature space 6, thermal insulation board is between Liang Qu.Liang Ge district has independent heating system respectively, respectively according to respective temperature control program heating work, thermal insulation board can be made to remain on the liquidus temperature of steel sample, thus realize the function of regulation and control furnace temperature gradient.For heat transfer and the process of setting of more accurate analog continuous casting billet, can increase a heating ring 4 in high-temperature region 2 near the position of thermal insulation board 5, this position is called control region.High-temperature region 2 and heating ring 4 are used for regulation and control liquidus temperature gradient, and low-temperature space 6 then according to continuous casting billet skin temperature temperature control, compares double-zone heat, and it is more close with situation of solidifying that this temperature control method can make the heat transfer of steel sample and actual continuous casting billet.
The regulation and control of the solid liquid interface speed of growth.Utilize linear electric motors precise hard_drawn tuhes calandria translational speed, realize the control of solid liquid interface translational speed.There is circular hole in the middle of thermal insulation board 5, can thermal insulation board 5 be passed to make crucible and steel sample 7.Before cast, steel sample 7 is in high-temperature region 2 completely, because heating furnace 1 is with motor removing, steel sample 7 progresses into low-temperature space, and thermal insulation board 5 position remains the liquidus temperature of steel sample, such heating furnace 1 is with motor removing, and solid liquid interface also moves thereupon, thus realizes the accurate control to the solidified structure speed of growth.Also linear electric motors can be utilized to drive water-cooled bar 8 to drive crucible and steel sample 7 to move, and now heating furnace is motionless.Compare and drive heating furnace 1 to move, the advantage driving the movement of water-cooled bar 8 is that structure is simple, reliability is high, when shortcoming is quenching water-cooled bar fast movement can cause the fluctuation of molten steel in crucible.
Vacuum chamber.Whole calandria system and water-cooled lever system enclosed shape are become vacuum chamber.Also instead can fill high-purity gas after vacuumizing, anti-oxidation and element evaporation effect can be played.
Original position is quenched.Original position quenching function can realize the object stopping steel sample solidification process, obtain solid-liquid interface shape and relevant information in process of setting.As shown in Figure 3, steel sample 7 is shifted out heating furnace 1, liquid groove 9 of quenching rises to steel sample 7 position, makes steel sample 7 be immersed in cooling rapidly in quenching liquid, can realize original position quenching.The scope of application of the present invention includes but not limited to continuous-casting of steel billet, non-ferrous metal continuous casting and non-ferrous metal semi-continuous casting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 its general principles schematic diagram
Fig. 2 two-region of the present invention temperature control also adopts heating ring regulating and controlling temperature gradient schematic diagram
Fig. 3 original position quenching of the present invention schematic diagram
In Fig. 1,2,3, each digital code is expressed as follows:
1. heating furnace 2. high-temperature region 3. temperature control thermocouple 4. heating ring 5. thermal insulation board 6. low-temperature space 7. steel sample 8. water-cooled bar 9. liquid is quenched groove.
Detailed description of the invention
Now specific embodiments of the invention are further illustrated as rear.
embodiment 1
The present embodiment is with 430 ferritic stainless steels for experiment material simulates 430 ferritic stainless steel continuous-casting billet coagulation tissue growth process, and 120s carries out original position quenching with the pattern observing solid liquid interface after being cast.The present embodiment adopt ladle molten steel material and pour into a mould, two-region temperature control, linear electric motors drive the mode of calandria movement to implement.
Dry up with washes of absolute alcohol crucible and steel material, steel material is contained in ladle.Set the temperature control curve of high-temperature region 2 and low-temperature space 6 respectively, setting motor movement rate curve, logical 0.05MPa high-purity argon gas after vacuum chamber.Crucible is arranged on water-cooled bar, ensures that crucible right-hand member and water-cooled bar surface are just right, to ensure the steel sample after cast and water-cooled bar good contact.Before experiment starts, motor movement is just alignd with crucible right part to thermal insulation board, then start heating, after 1540 DEG C of insulation 10min, overturn ladle, realize cast in stove.After cast, high-temperature region 1 starts to lower the temperature by continuous casting billet heart portion cooling curve, the temperature of adjustment low-temperature space 6, makes high-temperature region thermograde equal in real time with continuous casting billet liquidus temperature gradient, and linear electric motors drive calandria to move by continuous casting billet solid liquid interface fltting speed simultaneously.120s after cast, linear electric motors drive heating furnace to be moved to the left fast, and sample is drawn out heating furnace, and liquid groove 9 of quenching rises, and makes steel sample 7 be immersed in quenching liquid, realizes liquid and quench.Liquid quench after steel sample through dissecting, grinding and polishing and corrosion, can observation period solid-liquid interface shape.
embodiment 2
The present embodiment for experiment material, simulates T10A steel continuous casting billet solidified structure growth course with T10A steel.The present embodiment adopt original position melt and pour into a mould, the mode of three district's temperature controls, linear electric motors driving water-cooled bar movement implements.
Dry up with washes of absolute alcohol crucible and steel sample, and steel sample is contained in T-shaped crucible for subsequent use; The heating of setting 1,2,3 district and temperature lowering curve, setting motor movement rate curve, logical 0.05MPa high-purity argon gas after vacuum chamber.T-shaped crucible is arranged on water-cooled support bar, ensure the hole of T-shaped crucible right-hand member bottom and fine copper bearing just right, with after ensureing the cast of steel sample and the good contact of water-cooling type wall (fine copper bearing).Before experiment starts, motor movement is just alignd with crucible right part to thermal insulation board, then start heating.After 1490 DEG C of insulation 20min, 180 ° rotate sample water-cooled bar, realize original position cast in stove, and molten steel flows down and is cooled in the contact of water-cooled rod end surface.After cast, high-temperature region 1 starts to lower the temperature by continuous casting billet heart portion cooling curve, the power of adjustment heating ring 4, make high-temperature region thermograde equal in real time with continuous casting billet liquidus temperature gradient, low-temperature space 6 is progressively lowered the temperature according to continuous casting billet skin temperature, linear electric motors drive water-cooled bar to move according to continuous casting billet solid liquid interface translational speed, until steel sample 7 solidifies complete simultaneously.
Claims (10)
1. simulate a method for continuous-casting billet coagulation tissue growth process, the method is characterized in that: the steel material of simulation continuous casting billet solidification processing melts and pours into a mould in resistance furnace, the strip of to be length be continuous casting billet 1/2 thickness of the steel sample after cast; The heat of tapping sample process of setting release, by circulating water, is led in steel sample one end; The liquidus temperature gradient of regulation and control steel sample and solid liquid interface translational speed, make it consistent with the liquidus temperature gradient of continuous casting billet and solid liquid interface translational speed, thus the solidified structure growth course of simulation continuous casting billet.
2. simulate the method for continuous-casting billet coagulation tissue growth process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: heating and melting in resistance furnace, and drive T-shaped crucible to overturn by rotary water-cooled bar, realize original position cast.
3. simulate the method for continuous-casting billet coagulation tissue growth process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: steel material is contained in ladle, be poured into after fusing in T-shaped crucible.
4. simulate the method for continuous-casting billet coagulation tissue growth process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: water-cooled copper boom end is fixed in T-shaped crucible one end, water flowing cooling in copper bar, as steel sample cooling source.
5. simulate the method for continuous-casting billet coagulation tissue growth process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: utilize thermal insulation board that whole burner hearth is divided into high-temperature region and low-temperature space two parts; High-temperature region is according to continuous casting billet heart portion temperature temperature control, and low-temperature space, for adjusting steel sample liquid phase thermograde, realizes the regulation and control of continuous casting billet liquidus temperature gradient.
6. simulate the method for continuous-casting billet coagulation tissue growth process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: utilize thermal insulation board that whole burner hearth is divided into high-temperature region and low-temperature space two parts; Wherein high-temperature region increases a heating ring near the position of thermal insulation board; High-temperature region is according to continuous casting billet heart portion temperature temperature control, and heating ring is for adjusting high-temperature region thermograde, and to control steel sample liquid phase thermograde, low-temperature space, according to continuous casting billet skin temperature temperature control, realizes the regulation and control of continuous casting billet liquidus temperature gradient and the control of surface temperature.
7. simulate the method for continuous-casting billet coagulation tissue growth process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: utilize linear electric motors to drive calandria to move, steel sample is drawn in low-temperature space from high-temperature region and solidifies gradually, to control solid liquid interface translational speed.
8. simulate the method for continuous-casting billet coagulation tissue growth process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: utilize linear electric motors to drive water-cooled bar to drive crucible and steel sample to move, steel sample drawn in low-temperature space from high-temperature region and solidifies gradually, realizing controlling solid liquid interface translational speed.
9. simulate the method for continuous-casting billet coagulation tissue growth process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: steel sample can be quenched at any time, stops to solidify, to observe solidified structure growth course.
10. simulate the method for continuous-casting billet coagulation tissue growth process as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that: steel sample melts and solidifies under vacuum or high-purity atmosphere protection; can avoid oxidation or element evaporation, wherein high-purity atmosphere obtains by vacuumizing the rear anti-high-purity gas that fills.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107020358A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-08-08 | 北京科技大学 | The device of blank surface solidified structure and unstable state hot-fluid in a kind of simulation crystallizer |
| CN108213369A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-06-29 | 东北大学 | The continuous casting billet solidified structure control method that A type impurities are graded in a kind of reduction Properties of Heavy Rail Steel |
| CN108982578A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-12-11 | 马鞍山尚元冶金科技有限公司 | A method of simulation solidification of molten steel process |
| CN109136507A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-04 | 上海大学 | One kind moving up and down formula heating device |
| CN110405167A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-05 | 上海大学 | Metal level solidification research device and method under a kind of time-varying magnetic field |
-
2015
- 2015-07-09 CN CN201510399304.4A patent/CN105014033A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 仲红刚: "连铸坯凝固过程热模拟研究", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库（工程科技Ⅰ辑）》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107020358A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-08-08 | 北京科技大学 | The device of blank surface solidified structure and unstable state hot-fluid in a kind of simulation crystallizer |
| CN108213369A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-06-29 | 东北大学 | The continuous casting billet solidified structure control method that A type impurities are graded in a kind of reduction Properties of Heavy Rail Steel |
| CN108213369B (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2020-07-17 | 东北大学 | Continuous casting billet solidification structure control method for reducing grade of A-type inclusions in heavy rail steel |
| CN108982578A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-12-11 | 马鞍山尚元冶金科技有限公司 | A method of simulation solidification of molten steel process |
| CN109136507A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-04 | 上海大学 | One kind moving up and down formula heating device |
| CN110405167A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-05 | 上海大学 | Metal level solidification research device and method under a kind of time-varying magnetic field |
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