CN104992615B - A kind of moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method - Google Patents
A kind of moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method, including step：Data input step, input the grid terrain data as original moon digital terrain data；Data sorting step, original moon digital terrain data is ranked up according to grid numerical value from minimum to peak；Data hierarchy step, hierarchy number K is set, according to two in moon large scale landform shading map it is adjacent be layered the equal mode of the map face that accounts for, calculate each layering interval numerical value Ei between the neighboring layers of the moon digital terrain data after sequence, obtain K layer individual-layer datas；Color settings step, three layerings priming color A, B, C are set, when K is more than 3,3 transition colors of K between layering priming color A and B and between layering priming color B and C are calculated, to obtain common K color；Color application step, K color is corresponded into K layer individual-layer datas respectively, to carry out lunar topography shading map layer colours.
Description
Technical field
Swooned the present invention relates to planetary maps drawing with data visualization field, more particularly to a kind of moon large scale landform
Wash with watercolours figure layer colours method.
Background technology
The pattern of the moon has larger difference with the earth, and lunar surface is primarily present the atural objects such as lunar maria, highland, impact crater.Complete
In framing map under month yardstick, the distribution of lunar surface atural object is more, and topographic relief amplitude changes greatly, and elevation change is more than km；And
In the range of large scale, the distribution of moonscape atural object is few, and hypsography change is small, and subregion change may be only in tens of rice
To between hundreds of meters.Therefore, it is necessary to which some special cartography methods could show this less features of terrain of change
Out.Lunar topography shading map (Shaded Relief Maps) is a kind of map of feasible expression lunar topography minutia
Preparation method, its principle are to reflect actual landform relief feature by simulating actual ground umbra with falling the method for shadow, now,
With the development of numerical map treatment technology, the general digital terrain model (Digital as a grid of digital relief shading figure
Terrain Model) data source is used as, each grid terrain data (X, Y, Z) includes coordinate information (X, Y) and landform numerical value is believed
Cease (Z), by setting light source elevation angle, azimuth, calculate ground illumination flux, color assignment is carried out according to corresponding grid numerical value
Obtain.
Landform hill shading graph expression moon physical features, the effect of features of terrain have important relationship with the layering color chosen.Tradition
Moon wash-off relief map color set when, it is necessary to according to the characteristics of terrain data, be layered according to data distribution feature, and
Color is manually configured to every layer data afterwards, efficiency is low, for the lunar topography data that are sharply increased under large scale without
It can be power, seriously constrain the production efficiency of moon wash-off relief map；But the existing automatic tools of shading map, it can only adopt
Carry out setting color with the color color table preset in advance, it is difficult to according to the characteristics of framing terrain data, adjust automatically data hierarchy, choosing
Select color and carry out assignment, therefore, often color change concentrates on small region to obtained shading map, and most of map sheet tone
Change is little, it is impossible to which Fig. 1 is shown in prominent overall topography variation feature, specific manifestation.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned technical problem, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of moon large scale landform shading map point
Layer sets color method, sets color to the reasonable of lunar topography shading map under large scale to realize, shows the moon in figure amplitude range
Surface entirety topography variation feature.
According to a kind of moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method of the present invention, comprise the following steps：
Data input step, input the grid terrain data as original moon digital terrain data；
Data sorting step, original moon digital terrain data is arranged according to grid numerical value from minimum to peak
Sequence；
Data hierarchy step, hierarchy number K is set, accounted for according to two in moon large scale landform shading map adjacent layerings
The equal mode of map face, calculate each layering space-number between the neighboring layers of the moon digital terrain data after sequence
Value Ei, so as to obtain K layer individual-layer datas, wherein, K is integer more than or equal to 3, i=1,2 ... K-1；
Color settings step, three layerings priming color A, B, C are set, and when K is more than 3, it is initial to calculate layering
Common K-3 transition color between color A and B and between layering priming color B and C, to obtain common K color；And
Color application step, K color is corresponded into K layer individual-layer datas respectively, to carry out lunar topography shading map layering
If color.
Preferably, in data hierarchy step, the grid terrain data number between each adjacent layering interval numerical value of statistics
The percentage of whole map sheet grid terrain data number, the grid terrain data between the adjacent delamination values of each two shared by mesh
When the percentage of whole map sheet grid terrain data number is all equal shared by number, then the moon after sequence can be determined digitally
Each layering interval numerical value Ei between the neighboring layers of graphic data.
Preferably, in Color settings step, the aberration of two kinds of colors is calculated based on colour difference formula, to determine K-3
Individual transition color.
Preferably, in Color settings step, layering priming color A, B, C are RGB model colors, and by RGB models
Layering priming color A, B, C are converted to layering priming color A, B, C of CIElab models to calculate the mistake of K-3 CIElab model
Cross color.
Preferably, in Color settings step, the colour difference formula is CIEl*a*b1976 standard colour difference formulas, passes through meter
Calculate with a distance from each aberration of the transition color from the color at its both ends, calculate the CIElab moulds determined between layering priming color A and B
The transition color value of the transition color value of type, the CIElab models between layering priming color B and C.
Preferably, using score point methods are equidistantly determined, the CIElab moulds determined between layering priming color A and B are calculated
The transition color of the transition color of type, the CIElab models between layering priming color B and C.
Preferably, when K is more than 3, according to the equal mode of adjacent color aberration, calculate between layering priming color A and B
Transition color Mi, wherein i=1,2 ... (K-3)/2, while calculate the transition color Pi between layering priming color B and C, its
Middle i=1,2 ... (K-3)/2, if K is even number, 1 more than transition color Mi quantity of the quantity than transition color Pi, or mistake
1 is crossed more than color Pi quantity of the quantity than transition color Mi.
Preferably, the transition color of K-3 CIElab model is converted to the transition color of K-3 RGB model, to obtain
The color of common K RGB models.
Preferably, in Color settings step, the colour difference formula is that CIE94 colour difference formulas or CIEDE2000 aberration are public
Formula.
Preferably, three layerings priming color A, B, C respectively are cool colour, white, warm colour.
The present invention is set for moon large scale landform shading map automated hierarchical to be difficult to show landform characteristic details in color
The problem of, it is proposed that a kind of moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method, it is layered by lunar topography data clusters
Auto-matching is set to solve the problem with corresponding color, so as to obtain more preferably showing the features of terrain details under large scale
Landform shading map.The invention enables under large scale, the topographic details feature in lunar topography shading map can be expressed,
Color configuration is reasonable, improves the effect of visualization of landform shading map, the message transmission capability for the lunar topographic map that ensure that, fills
Divide the use figure demand for meeting landform shading map under moon large scale, positive effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is an example of the landform shading map in moonscape Sinus Iridum region inside points region.
Fig. 2 is the Law of DEM Data distribution statisticses figure in one piece of region in the moon Sinus Iridum region chosen.
Fig. 3 be using the present invention moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method calculate altitude data layering and
Color corresponding to progress is set, and an example of obtained figure layer layer colours colors list.
Fig. 4 is to use the individual-layer data obtained according to the moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method of the present invention
And its corresponding color applies the lists to Law of DEM Data, obtained one of final lunar topography hill shading design sketch is made
Example.
Fig. 5 is the moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention
Flow chart.
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method of the present invention.
Embodiment
For the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
The present invention provides a kind of moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method, and this method is to embody large scale
Under chi for the purpose of the specific landform minutia of moonscape, data hierarchy is carried out for moon digital terrain feature, proposes base
In the equal principle of moon map face shared by adjacent layering, the method for selecting the class interval numerical value of terrain data.It is same with this
When preferably, the present invention also proposes a kind of based on the equal principle of adjacent layering color aberration, carries out the side of transition color selection
Method.
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method of the present invention.
The moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method according to the present invention shown in Fig. 6 comprises the following steps：
Data input step, input the grid terrain data as original moon digital terrain data；
Data sorting step, original moon digital terrain data is arranged according to grid numerical value from minimum to peak
Sequence；
Data hierarchy step, hierarchy number K is set, accounted for according to two in moon large scale landform shading map adjacent layerings
The equal mode of map face, calculate each layering space-number between the neighboring layers of the moon digital terrain data after sequence
Value Ei, so as to obtain K layer individual-layer datas, wherein, K is integer more than or equal to 3, i=1,2 ... K-1；
Color settings step, three layerings priming color A, B, C are set, and when K is more than 3, it is initial to calculate layering
Common K-3 transition color between color A and B and between layering priming color B and C, to obtain common K color；And
Color application step, K color is corresponded into K layer individual-layer datas respectively, to carry out lunar topography shading map layering
If color.
Preferably, in data hierarchy step, the grid terrain data number between each adjacent layering interval numerical value of statistics
The percentage of whole map sheet grid terrain data number, the grid terrain data between the adjacent delamination values of each two shared by mesh
When the percentage of whole map sheet grid terrain data number is all equal shared by number, then the moon after sequence can be determined digitally
Each layering interval numerical value Ei between the neighboring layers of graphic data.
Fig. 5 is the moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method in a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention
Flow chart.In the preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 5, moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method of the invention can
With the homalographic layered approach by moon digital terrain data and the transition color choosing method based on CIElab Model for chromatic aberration
To realize：
(1) the homalographic layered approach of moon digital terrain data
The homalographic layered approach of moon large scale digital terrain data, is specifically carried out in accordance with the following steps：
1. counting moon digital terrain data, numerical value in grid terrain data (Z values) minimum is drawn, is designated as Emin, number
Value maximum, Emax is designated as, total grid number is designated as N, and all terrain datas are ranked up from small to large according to numerical value.
2. setting data hierarchy number, K is designated as, in the way of each layer of area equation in layering, then contained by each layer
Grid numerical value number be N/K, since minimum grid numerical value, to sorted grid terrain data carry out cumulative calculation,
Then it is first layer E1, terrain data numerical value now is as between the layering of first layer when grid number has reached N/K
Every numerical value, the rest may be inferred, obtains the interval numerical value Ei (i 1,2 ..., K-1) of each layer of layering.Preferably, K is more than 3
Integer.
(2) the transition color choosing method based on CIElab Model for chromatic aberration
Preferably, in Color settings step, the aberration of two kinds of colors is calculated based on colour difference formula, to determine K-3
Individual transition color.
Preferably, in Color settings step, layering priming color A, B, C are RGB model colors, and by RGB models
Layering priming color A, B, C are converted to layering priming color A, B, C of CIElab models to calculate the mistake of K-3 CIElab model
Cross color.
Preferably, in Color settings step, the colour difference formula is CIEl*a*b1976 standard colour difference formulas, passes through meter
Calculate with a distance from each aberration of the transition color from the color at its both ends, calculate the CIElab moulds determined between layering priming color A and B
The transition color value of the transition color value of type, the CIElab models between layering priming color B and C.
Preferably, using score point methods are equidistantly determined, the CIElab moulds determined between layering priming color A and B are calculated
The transition color of the transition color of type, the CIElab models between layering priming color B and C.
For example, the transition color based on CIEl*a*b1976 Model for chromatic aberration (CIEl*a*b1976 standards colour difference formula) is chosen
Method is specifically carried out in accordance with the following steps：
1. the color A (r1, g1, b1) of three Initial R GB models is set, color B (r2, b2, c2), color C (g1, g2,
B2), according to CIEl*a*b1976 colour model conversion parameters, RGB model colors are converted into CIElab models, then color is changed into
A (l1, a1, b1), B (l2, a2, b2), C (l3, a3, b3), specific conversion method are based on existing CIElab model parameters, tool
The algorithmic code of body is as follows：
2. for example, the transition number of color among two colors is (K-3)/2, Nf is designated as, calculates the mistake among two colors
Cross color M, it is assumed that i-th (i 1,2 ... Nf) individual transition color is Mi (lmi, ami, bmi), the face of CIElab models corresponding to M1
Color calculates according to equidistant section formula, and algorithmic code is as follows：
// aberration numerical value asks calculation
Cdis=Math.sqrt (Math.pow ((l1-l2), 2)+Math.pow ((a1-a2),
2)+Math.pow((b1-b2),2))；
//CIE-lab is fixed to ask calculation than branch color
T=1/ (Nf+1-i)；
Lmi=(l1+t*l2)/(1+t)；
Ami=(a1+t*a2)/(1+t)；
Bmi=(b1+t*b2)/(1+t)；
3. transition color Mi (lmi, ami, bmi) is converted back into RGB model colors by CIElab model colors, transition is obtained
Color Mi (ri, gi, bi), finally gives K color corresponding with whole K layerings, and algorithmic code is as follows：
On this basis, based on layering number K, K obtained color is assigned to landform individual-layer data, layering is carried out and sets
Color, so as to obtain more preferably showing the landform shading map of the features of terrain details under large scale.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, when K is more than 3, according to the equal mode of adjacent color aberration, calculate and divide
Transition color Mi, wherein i=1,2 ... (K-3)/2 between layer priming color A and B, at the same calculate layering priming color B and C it
Between transition color Pi, wherein i=1,2 ... (K-3)/2, if K is even number, transition color Mi quantity is than transition color Pi
More 1 of quantity, or 1 more than transition color Pi quantity of the quantity than transition color Mi.In the preferred embodiment of the present invention
In, the transition color of K-3 CIElab model is converted to the transition color of K-3 RGB model, to obtain common K RGB models
Color.
In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, layering priming color A, B, C are RGB model colors, with
It is easy to display to show, however, the invention is not restricted to this.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that as needed, it is layered initial face
Color A, B, C can be YIQ model colors, it might even be possible to directly be the color of CIElab models.Moreover, CIEl*a*b1976 standards
Colour difference formula is only an example of the colour difference formula that the present invention can use, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that color
Poor formula can be CIE94 colour difference formulas or CIEDE2000 colour difference formulas etc., but when calculating, the ginseng in above-mentioned code
Number will be adjusted in time according to different colour difference formulas.
With specific example combination accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described below：
With one 1 of moon Sinus Iridum mentioned above region 7m resolution ratio:Lunar topography data under 82677 engineer's scales are
Example, is tested to this method.
Fig. 1 is the moonscape Sinus Iridum region inside points region according to the landform shading map layer colours method of prior art
Landform shading map an example.As shown in figure 1, the figure is the large scale framing data in a width moon Sinus Iridum region, when
The colors list that preceding color is provided by ArcMap software defaults fills to obtain, it can be seen that the width shading map color sets and less closed
Reason, the color of large area is identical, and color change concentrates on fraction region, it is difficult to shows overall lunar surface topographic details.Separately
Outside it should be noted that Fig. 1 only shows landform shading map in a manner of black and white, according to the present invention, those skilled in the art can
To understand as how color mode is shown.
Fig. 2 is the Law of DEM Data distribution statisticses figure in one piece of region in the moon Sinus Iridum region chosen.Such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, count the distribution situation of the lunar topography altitude data, its numerical value minimum value is -3701.57m, maximum for -
2878.11m, average value are -3026.06m, standard deviation 57.67m, and as shown in Figure 2, its elevation distributed pole is uneven, from -
3700m to -3100m proportions are extremely low, and most of region elevation concentrates on -3000m or so, if equal using color gradient
Even color table, then color concentrates on small part region, and map general levels are unclear.
Fig. 3 be using the present invention moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method calculate altitude data layering and
Color corresponding to progress is set, and an example of obtained figure layer layer colours colors list.Shown in Fig. 3 according to this hair
The terrain data that bright method is calculated is layered in interval and its corresponding colors list, and it is 32 to set hierarchy number, is set first
Three RGB colors that begin are A (140,140,255), B (0,0,0), C (255,162,0), according to the above method, are calculated.In addition
It should be noted that Fig. 3 only shows colors list in a manner of black and white, according to the present invention, those skilled in the art can manage
Such as how color mode is shown solution.Preferably, three layerings priming color A, B, C respectively are cool colour, white, warmed up
Color.
Fig. 4 is to use the individual-layer data obtained according to the moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method of the present invention
And its corresponding color applies the lists to Law of DEM Data, obtained one of final lunar topography hill shading design sketch is made
Example.In Fig. 4, obtained color is assigned to terrain data, obtains final shaded relief design sketch.As can be seen that phase
Map sheet compared with Fig. 1, after setting color again, moon earth's surface overall diagram face color is more abundant in Fig. 4 map sheet, and topographic details are more
Add clear.It is further noted that Fig. 4 only shows landform shading map in a manner of black and white, according to the present invention, this area skill
Art personnel can be appreciated how to be shown with color mode.
The present invention is set for moon large scale landform shading map automated hierarchical to be difficult to show landform characteristic details in color
The problem of, it is proposed that a kind of moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method, it is layered by lunar topography data clusters
Auto-matching is set to solve the problem with corresponding color, so as to obtain more preferably showing the features of terrain details under large scale
Landform shading map.The invention enables under large scale, the topographic details feature in lunar topography shading map can be expressed,
Color configuration is reasonable, improves the effect of visualization of landform shading map, the message transmission capability for the lunar topographic map that ensure that, fills
Divide the use figure demand for meeting landform shading map under moon large scale, positive effect.
Particular embodiments described above, the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are carried out further in detail
Describe in detail it is bright, should be understood that the foregoing is only the present invention specific embodiment, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., it should be included in the guarantor of the present invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：Data input step, input the grid terrain data as original moon digital terrain data；Data sorting step, original moon digital terrain data is ranked up according to grid numerical value from minimum to peak；Data hierarchy step, hierarchy number K is set, the map sheet accounted for according to two in moon large scale landform shading map adjacent layerings The mode of area equation, calculate each layering interval numerical value between the neighboring layers of the moon digital terrain data after sequence Ei, so as to obtain K layer individual-layer datas, wherein, K is integer more than or equal to 3, i=1,2 ... K-1；Color settings step, three layerings priming color A, B, C are set, and when K is more than 3, calculate layering priming color A Common K-3 transition color between B and between layering priming color B and C, to obtain common K color；AndColor application step, K color is corresponded into K layer individual-layer datas respectively, to carry out lunar topography shading map layer colours.
- 2. moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in data In stratification step, whole map sheet grid landform shared by the grid terrain data number between each adjacent layering interval numerical value of statistics The percentage of data number, when whole map sheet grid shared by the grid terrain data number between the adjacent delamination values of each two When the percentage of graphic data number is all equal, then between the neighboring layers that can determine the moon digital terrain data after sequence Each layering interval numerical value Ei.
- 3. moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in color In setting procedure, the aberration of two kinds of colors is calculated based on colour difference formula, to determine K-3 transition color.
- 4. moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in color Setting procedure, layering priming color A, B, C are RGB model colors, and layering priming color A, B, C of RGB models are changed For layering priming color A, B, C of CIElab models to calculate the transition color of K-3 CIElab model.
- 5. moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in color In setting procedure, the colour difference formula is CIEl*a*b1976 standard colour difference formulas, by calculate each transition color from its two The aberration distance of the color at end, calculate the transition color value for determining the CIElab models between layering priming color A and B, layering The transition color value of CIElab models between priming color B and C.
- 6. moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that using etc. Spacing determines score point methods, calculates the transition color for determining the CIElab models between layering priming color A and B, layering initially The transition color of CIElab models between color B and C.
- 7. moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that when K is big When 3, according to the equal mode of adjacent color aberration, transition the color Mi, wherein i=between layering priming color A and B are calculated 1,2 ... (K-3)/2, while transition color Pi, wherein i=1,2 ... (K-3)/2 between layering priming color B and C are calculated, such as Fruit K is even number, then 1 more than quantity of the transition color Mi quantity than transition color Pi, or transition color Pi quantity compares transition Color Mi quantity is more 1.
- 8. moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that by K-3 The transition color of individual CIElab models is converted to the transition color of K-3 RGB model, to obtain the color of common K RGB models.
- 9. moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in color In setting procedure, the colour difference formula is CIE94 colour difference formulas or CIEDE2000 colour difference formulas.
- 10. moon large scale landform shading map layer colours method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that three Layering priming color A, B, C respectively are cool colour, white, warm colour.
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| CN101093625A (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2007-12-26 | 武汉大学 | Mixed coloring method in relief shading cartography, and shade map |
| CN101976531A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-02-16 | 中国科学院国家天文台 | Selenographic globe and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102831644A (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2012-12-19 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Marine environment information three-dimensional visualization method |
| CN103093505A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-05-08 | 天津大学 | Method for realizing layer tinting effect of mountain model |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101093625A (en) * | 2007-07-10 | 2007-12-26 | 武汉大学 | Mixed coloring method in relief shading cartography, and shade map |
| CN101976531A (en) * | 2010-09-29 | 2011-02-16 | 中国科学院国家天文台 | Selenographic globe and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102831644A (en) * | 2012-07-09 | 2012-12-19 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Marine environment information three-dimensional visualization method |
| CN103093505A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-05-08 | 天津大学 | Method for realizing layer tinting effect of mountain model |
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