CN104991206A - Magnetic field measurement method based on surface plasma resonance technology - Google Patents
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- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 238000002198 surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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Abstract
The invention provides a magnetic field measurement method based on the surface plasma resonance technology, comprising a DC source 1, a copper coil 3, a copper coil 5, a light source 7, a sensing probe 11, a processing circuit 15 and a computer system 17, and characterized by employing a magnetofluid 113 and a gold film 112 to take effect mutually to realize surface plasma resonance. A glass groove 114 is filled with the magnetofluid 113, and upper and lower surfaces are provided with magnetic fields to change resonance angles; and then the intensities of the magnetic fields are changed to change a magnetofluid microstructure to furthermore modulate surface plasma waves. The method can reduce the influence caused by medium loss, and realize magnetic field measurement of 0.0173deg/Oe and 0.054deg/Oe sensitivities respectively in a low magnetic field cope and a high magnetic field scope.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnetic field measurement method based on a surface plasma resonance technology, and belongs to the technical field of micro photoelectron detection.
Background
The Optical fiber sensing technology is Based on Optical principle, has the advantages of non-contact and non-destructive Measurement, almost no interference, high-speed transmission and remote Measurement, and has been the research hotspot all over the world after decades of development (document 1. houfang, phi, lizhuan and liu super Optical fiber sensing technology research progress and application [ J ], optoelectronic technology application, 2012,27 (1): 49-53), Based on which researchers have proposed magnetic Field measuring devices Based on Optical effects such as Faraday effect and fresnel reflection, however, these methods have the problems of Low measuring sensitivity and large light absorption coefficient of the sensitive materials used (document 2. arn and, vision Trivedi and sunni Mahajan. spectrum-Based Optical Sensor for Low Field Optical fiber sensing Rotation [ J ], IEEE journal of journal, 2013, 13(2):723-727).
In order to improve the measurement sensitivity to external parameters, we propose to measure the magnetic field by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) technique, because when light passes through the surface of the nano-metal film therein, a stronger optical field is generated at both sides, so that it is more sensitive to the refractive index change of the contact, and this property can be used to achieve high sensitivity measurement (document 3. Mahanana prader Kumar and Jha Rajan. On the electric field enhancement and performance of SPR gas sensor based graphene for visual and near infrared [ J ] Sensors and Actuators B-chemical. 2015, 207: 117-. When applying the SPR technique to magnetic field measurement, it is necessary to introduce a sensitive material having a good response to the magnetic field. The magnetofluid, also called magnetic liquid, is a magnetically sensitive material, which is a stable colloid system formed by suspending magnetic particles coated with a surfactant in a base liquid. Through research, the microstructure of the material can be changed along with the change of a magnetic field, under the action of a low magnetic field, magnetic particles in the magnetic fluid are arranged in a chain shape along the direction of the magnetic field, however, under the action of a high magnetic field, the formed magnetic chains are increased, and regular magnetic fluid photonic crystals can be gradually formed among the magnetic chains (document 4. Yong Zhuao, Yu Ying, Qi Wang and Hai-feng Hu. geometry on micro structure and optical property of magnetic fluid photonic crystals [ J ], IEEE Transactions on magnetics 2014, 50(12): 460112). In this process, the effective refractive index of the magnetic fluid microstructure has different response trends in different magnetic field ranges, i.e. the change in the low magnetic field range is sensitive to the high magnetic field range, which will affect the sensing characteristics in the high magnetic field range.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to solve the problem that the effective refractive index changes with a magnetic field when the magnetic fluid is subjected to two-phase separation, and provides a magnetic field measuring device with a prism coupling combination magnetic fluid, which is simple in structure and high in sensitivity.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a magnetic field measuring device combining prism coupling with magnetic fluid. The structure is that a gold film is placed at the bottom of a triangular prism, a glass groove filled with magnetic fluid is adhered to the other side of the gold film, the magnetic fluid and the gold film are interacted, and then the gold film is placed in a magnetic field generating unit consisting of a direct current power supply and a copper coil. The light emitted by the light source generates a spatial light path when passing through the optical fiber to the collimator, the collimator is moved to enable the incident light to respectively enter the triangular prism within the range of forming an included angle of 0-90 degrees with the normal line, and total reflection is generated at the contact surface of the triangular prism and the gold film. The reflectance distribution is then detected by a photodetector over an angle of 0 ° to 90 °.
In the above scheme, in order to ensure that light is transmitted from the optically dense medium to the optically sparse medium, the refractive index of the prism is 1.56; the gold filmIn order to ensure that evanescent waves generated when light is totally reflected at the bottom of the triple prism can penetrate through the gold film, the thickness of the gold film is 50 nm; the magnetic fluid has a particle component of Fe3O4In order to ensure that the magnetic fluid is not easy to air dry, the carrier liquid is kerosene with the volume fraction of 1.46 percent, and the effective refractive index of the carrier liquid is 1.4565 under the condition of no magnetic field; the depth of the glass groove after corrosion is 0.94 mu m; the glass groove and the gold film are adhered by coating UV glue on the lower surface of the gold film, then the glass groove filled with the magnetic fluid and the gold film are adhered together, and then the glass groove is placed under an ultraviolet lamp for 15 minutes, and the glue is slowly solidified.
In the scheme, the type of the direct current power supply is IT6154, and the output current of the direct current power supply can be changed from 0A to 9A; the coil is formed by winding a copper coil with the radius of 0.5mm, the output current intensity of the direct current power supply is adjusted, and a uniform magnetic field ranging from 0Oe to 270Oe is generated in the middle of the coil.
In the above scheme, the light source has a model of AVESTA, a working wavelength of 1100nm to 2000nm, and an average power of an output optical signal of 150 mW; the collimator is SMA905, and the use wavelength of the collimator is 200nm to 2500 nm; the photoelectric detector has the model number of PDA50B, the working wavelength of 800nm to 1800nm, the bandwidth of 400kHz, and the gain of 1.5 multiplied by 103V/A4To 4.75X 106V/A4(ii) a The optical fiber is a common single mode optical fiber, the core diameter is 9 μm, and the cladding diameter is 125 μm.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention provides a magnetic field measuring device of prism coupling combined magnetic fluid, which fills the magnetic fluid into a glass groove and combines a surface plasma resonance technical method, and realizes the measurement of an external magnetic field by utilizing the modulation effect of the microstructure change of the magnetic fluid on surface plasma waves. This approach may reduce the complexity of the process.
2) The magnetic field measuring device of the prism coupling combined magnetic fluid can realize high sensitivity measurement of a magnetic field, and the sensitivity in a high magnetic field range is more than three times that in a low magnetic field range, so that a foundation is provided for the application of surface plasma resonance in the field of magnetic field sensing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a magnetic field measurement system incorporating a magnetic fluid with prism coupling provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2(a) is a resonance angle response curve at a low magnetic field stage provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2(b) is a curve fitted to the change of resonance angle with magnetic field at the low magnetic field stage provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3(a) is a resonance angle response curve at a high magnetic field phase provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3(b) is a curve fitted to the change of resonance angle with magnetic field at a high magnetic field stage provided by the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description of the specific structure, principles and performance optimization process of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a magnetic field measurement system with prism coupling combined with magnetic fluid provided by the present invention. Light emitted by the light source enters the collimator through the optical fiber to generate a spatial light path, reflected light passing through the sensing unit receives signals through the photoelectric detector, and then enters the computer system through the processing circuit to be subjected to signal acquisition, processing and display. The coil is connected with a direct current power supply to generate a uniform magnetic field which acts on the magnetic fluid in the sensing unit. The whole device structure of the sensing unit mainly comprises a triangular prism, a metal film and a glass groove filled with magnetic fluid. The refractive index of the prism is 1.56, the thickness of the metal film layer is 50nm, the commonly used metal film materials are a gold film and a silver film, and the gold film is more stable than the silver film, so the gold film is adopted as a sensitive film to interact with external measuring liquid. The magnetic fluid was then filled into the glass tank, and the upper end and the gold film face were brought into contact with each other. When incident light enters the triangular prism along a certain angle, total reflection is generated on the contact surface of the triangular prism and the gold film, and plasma waves on the surface of the gold film are excited, so that surface plasma resonance is realized. The wave vector component of the incident light parallel to the surface of the gold film is:
(1)
the wave vector of the surface plasma propagating on the metal surface is:
(2)
therefore, to resonate the light wave and the surface plasmon wave, it is necessary to have:
(3)
wherein,θ spris the included angle between the wave vector direction of the light on the triple prism and the normal line of the metal film surface, 1(λ)、 2(λ) And 3(λ) The dielectric constants of the triangular prism, the gold film and the magnetic fluid, respectively.
The sensing characteristics of the device are analyzed by first analyzing the microstructure of the magnetic fluid near the gold film as a function of the magnetic field strength. The response characteristic of the microstructure to the magnetic field is mainly represented by the change of the refractive index with the magnetic field. According to earlier experimental research, the microstructure of the magnetic fluid mainly undergoes two-stage changes in the process of increasing the external magnetic field. The first stage is the process of magnetic particle chaining, in which the microstructure changes significantly with the magnetic field, resulting in a significant change in the refractive index. The second stage is the process of forming magnetic fluid photon crystal with magnetic chain in the magnetic fluid, and the structure and refractive index change are not obvious in this process. By taking the magnetic fluid with the volume fraction of 1.46% as a research object, the change of the refractive index of the magnetic fluid from 30Oe to 150Oe is more obvious than the change of the refractive index of the magnetic fluid from 150Oe to 270 Oe. The changes in the resonance characteristics with the magnetic field for these two phases should be analyzed separately.
Fig. 2 is a resonance angle response curve at a low magnetic field stage provided by the present invention. Under the action of low magnetic field, the magnetic fluid is in colloid structure. I.e. can be analyzed and calculated in a conventional way. The refractive index of the magnetic fluid is 1.45656 when the magnetic field strength is 0Oe to 30 Oe. The calculation can be carried out by adopting a mode of fixed wavelength and angle of incidence scanning. In order to obtain the optimum value of the resonance angle, the change tendency of the reflectance at the incident light wavelength of 0.4 μm to 2.5 μm with the incident angle was compared, and it was found that the wavelength of light was the optimum valueλAt an incident angle of =1.1 μmΦThere is a more pronounced absorption peak at =73.06 °. Next, as can be seen by analyzing the change in the resonance angle in the magnetic field range of 30Oe to 150Oe, the resonance angle increased from 73.06 ° to 75.14 ° as the magnetic field strength increased from 30Oe to 150 Oe. In this magnetic field range, the sensitivity reaches 0.0173 deg/Oe.
Fig. 3 is a resonance angle response curve at a high magnetic field stage provided by the present invention. Under the action of high magnetic field, the magnetofluid will produce two-phase separation to form magnetofluid photonic crystal. The original magnetic chains formed in the low magnetic field range are gradually thickened, and the chains are arranged regularly. At this point, as the field strength continues to increase, more flux linkages are formed, resulting in a decrease in the lattice constant. As the magnetic field strength increases from 150Oe to 250Oe, the lattice constant decreases from 0.9735 to 0.8967, while the resonance angle increases from 79.2 ° to 84.6 °. In this magnetic field range, the sensitivity reaches 0.054deg/Oe, which is 3.12 times of the low magnetic field range. In this way, a high sensitivity measurement is achieved in a high magnetic field range.
Claims (3)
1. A magnetic field measurement method based on surface plasma resonance technology comprises a sensing unit, a magnetic field generating unit, a signal processing unit, and an optical fiber and a conducting wire which are connected with each other, wherein the sensing unit comprises a light source 7, a collimator 9 and a sensing probe 11, the sensing probe 11 comprises a triangular prism 111, a gold film 112, a magnetic fluid 113 and a glass groove 114, and the magnetic field measurement method is characterized in that: the magnetic fluid 113 is filled into the glass groove 114 and placed at the bottom of the gold film 112; the magnetic field generating unit comprises a direct current power supply 1, a copper coil 3 and a copper coil 5; the signal processing unit comprises a photoelectric detector 13, a processing circuit 15 and a computer system 17; the current in the copper coil 3 and the copper coil 5 is supplied by the direct current power supply 1, the variable magnetic field is generated by adjusting the output current to change the microstructure of the magnetic fluid 113 in the glass groove 114 to be chained so as to generate two-phase separation, the light emitted by the light source 7 enters the triangular prism 111 through the collimator 9, surface plasma resonance is generated at the contact surface of the gold film 112 and the magnetic fluid 113, the reflected light is emitted through the triangular prism 111, and the optical signal is detected by the photoelectric detector 13 and transmitted to the computer system 17 to be displayed and processed.
2. A magnetic field measurement method based on surface plasmon resonance technique according to claim 1, characterized in that: the type 7 of the light source is AVESTA, the working wavelength range is 1100nm to 2000nm, and the average power of output light is 150 mW; the light emitted from the collimator 9 is incident to the triangular prism 111 along an angle of 0 to 90 degrees with the normal; the type of the photoelectric detector 13 is PDA50B, and the working wavelength range is 800nm to 1800 nm.
3. A magnetic field measurement method based on surface plasmon resonance technique according to claim 1, characterized in that: the refractive index of the triangular prism 111 is 1.56, the thickness of the gold film 112 is 50nm, the magnetofluid 113 with the volume fraction of 1.46% is filled in the glass groove 114 with the depth of 0.94 μm, the output current is changed by adjusting the voltage of the direct current power supply 1, so that a uniform magnetic field of 0 Oe-270 Oe is generated between the copper coil 3 and the copper coil 5, the sensing probe 11 is placed between the copper coil 3 and the copper coil 5, and the surface of the gold film 112 is ensured to be vertical to the direction of the magnetic field.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105445678A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-03-30 | 大连理工大学 | Magnetic field sensor based on optical fiber reflection type surface plasma resonance |
| CN111272707A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-06-12 | 上海电力大学 | Prism type four-layer film structure SPR sensor |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2725650C1 (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-07-03 | Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта" | Constant magnetic field sensor based on a magnetoplasmon crystal |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN111272707A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-06-12 | 上海电力大学 | Prism type four-layer film structure SPR sensor |
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