CN104990942A - Detection system and method of defected vision caused by transparent glass containers - Google Patents
Detection system and method of defected vision caused by transparent glass containers Download PDFInfo
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- CN104990942A CN104990942A CN201510427763.9A CN201510427763A CN104990942A CN 104990942 A CN104990942 A CN 104990942A CN 201510427763 A CN201510427763 A CN 201510427763A CN 104990942 A CN104990942 A CN 104990942A
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Abstract
The invention provides a detection system and method of defected vision caused by transparent glass containers. The system comprises a polarizing film, a parallel surface light source, an auxiliary detection camera, and at least one spectroscopic imaging system; wherein the polarizing film and parallel surface light source are arranged on one side of a transparent glass container, the polarizing film is covered on the luminous surface of the light source so as to generate linearly polarized lights and illuminate the container; the lens of the camera faces the container in an inclined mode, the auxiliary detection camera can form an image of the container from the bottom to the container shoulder part according to the linearly polarized lights that penetrate the container; at least one spectroscopic imaging system is arranged on the side that is opposite to the parallel surface light source, of the container, and each spectroscopic imaging system comprises a main detection camera, a semitransparent half-reflecting mirror, a reflector, and a polarizer. The semitransparent half-reflecting mirror divides the linearly polarized lights into two beams, the first beam enters the main detection camera to form the light image of the container, and the second beam is reflected by the reflector and then enters the main detection camera to form the dark image of the container. The main detection camera and auxiliary detection camera send the formed images to a processing device to determine whether the container has a defect or not. The provided system can precisely detect the normal defects in a transparent glass container and has the advantages of high precision, rapidness, and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to glass container manufacturing defect detection technique field, particularly relate to a kind of transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system and method.
Background technology
Due to the technological process for blowing that glass container is special, it may produce number of drawbacks due to the reason such as temperature, raw material in the fabrication process, as calculus, dross, burst, the problem such as size is incorrect, diagonal distortion, partially base thickness, stress are concentrated.
At present, the main dependence after product completes blowing of glass container manufacturing enterprise manually detects.But manual detection exists, and human cost is high, inefficiency, loss are high, accuracy of detection and the shortcoming such as precision consistance is on the low side.And meanwhile, automatic visual detecting system due to its fast, noncontact, cost low and once shooting can complete the advantages such as multinomial measuring ability simultaneously extensively promoted the use of in recent years.
Given this, the transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system that a kind of accuracy of detection is high, detection speed is fast, cost is low and transparent glass container common deficiency in process of production all accurately can be detected and method how is provided to become the current technical issues that need to address.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system and method, transparent glass container common deficiency in process of production all can be detected quickly and accurately, have that accuracy of detection is high, detection speed is fast, low cost and other advantages, efficiently solve transparent glass container manufacturing line is difficult to ground, an omnibearing non-blind area Aulomatizeted Detect difficult problem to product quality.
First aspect, the invention provides a kind of transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system, comprising: parallel surface light source, polaroid, auxiliary detection camera and at least one spectroscopic imaging system;
Described parallel surface light source and polaroid are positioned at the side of transparent glass container to be detected, and described polarizing plate sticking covers on the light-emitting area of described parallel surface light source, make described parallel surface light source send linearly polarized light and illuminate described transparent glass container to be detected;
Described spectroscopic imaging system is positioned at the described transparent glass container to be detected opposite side contrary with described parallel surface light source direction, and described spectroscopic imaging system comprises: main detection camera, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, catoptron and polariscope;
Linearly polarized light through described transparent glass container to be detected is divided into two-beam by described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, light beam directly enters the highlights image that described main detection camera forms described transparent glass container to be detected, and the second bundle light enters through described polariscope the dark portion image that described main detection camera forms described transparent glass container to be detected after the reflection of described catoptron, again;
The camera lens of described auxiliary detection camera tilts upward towards described transparent glass container to be detected, forms described transparent glass container to be detected from bottom to the image in shoulder region according to the linearly polarized light through described transparent glass container to be detected;
The image that described main detection camera and described auxiliary detection camera are formed is sent to treating apparatus, determines described transparent glass container to be detected whether defectiveness to make described treating apparatus.
Alternatively, described polariscopic polarization angle is mutually vertical with the polarization angle of described polaroid.
Alternatively, the half field range of described main detection camera is the complete highlights image of the described in the direction of the width transparent glass container to be detected according to described light beam formation;
Second half field range of described main detection camera is the complete dark portion image of the described in the direction of the width transparent glass container to be detected according to described second bundle light formation.
Alternatively, the focal centre length of described auxiliary detection camera is identical with the bottom level of described transparent glass container to be detected.
Alternatively, described main detection camera and described auxiliary detection camera are industrial camera.
Alternatively, the camera brightness of described main detection camera imaging is difficult to observe defect for both only secretly causing, and the bright tiny flaw that makes disappears due to image overexposure only.
Alternatively, the brightness of described auxiliary detection camera imaging is brightly to disappear completely to unsmooth area shading.
Second aspect, the invention provides a kind of transparent glass container manufacturing defect visible detection method based on above-mentioned transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system, comprising:
Obtain the image of the transparent glass container to be detected that main detection camera sends;
According to the highlights image in the image that described main detection camera sends, detect the calculus of described transparent glass container to be detected, dross, burst, size is incorrect, the defect of diagonal distortion;
According to the dark portion image in the image that described main detection camera sends, the defect that the stress detecting described transparent glass container to be detected is concentrated;
Obtain the transparent glass container to be detected of auxiliary detection camera transmission from bottom to the image in shoulder region;
The transparent glass container to be detected sent according to described auxiliary detection camera, from bottom to the image in shoulder region, detects the bottle base thickness degree of described transparent glass container to be detected and the defect in body shoulder logo logo region.
Alternatively, described according to the dark portion image in the image of described main detection camera transmission, the defect that the stress detecting described transparent glass container to be detected is concentrated, specifically comprises:
Detect in the dark portion image in the image of described main detection camera transmission and whether there is speck, if there is speck, then determine that described transparent glass container to be detected has the concentrated defect of stress.
As shown from the above technical solution, transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system of the present invention and method, can by transparent glass container common deficiency in process of production (as calculus, dross, burst, size is incorrect, diagonal distortion, inclined base thickness, stress is concentrated, vessel surface is as rib, unsmooth subsurface defect etc. in the unsmooth regions such as logo logo) all quick, detect exactly, there is accuracy of detection high, detection speed is fast, low cost and other advantages, efficiently solve transparent glass container manufacturing line is difficult to ground, an omnibearing non-blind area Aulomatizeted Detect difficult problem to product quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system that Fig. 1 provides for one embodiment of the invention;
The structure that Fig. 2 is spectroscopic imaging system and auxiliary detection camera in the manufacturing defect of transparent glass container shown in Fig. 1 vision detection system and mounting means schematic diagram;
The schematic flow sheet of the transparent glass container manufacturing defect visible detection method based on the manufacturing defect of transparent glass container shown in Fig. 1 vision detection system that Fig. 3 provides for one embodiment of the invention;
Reference numeral:
1, main detection camera; 2, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens; 3, catoptron; 4, polariscope; 5, auxiliary detection camera; 6, transparent glass container to be detected; 7, polaroid; 8, parallel surface light source; 9, spectroscopic imaging system; 10, transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system; 11, treating apparatus.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Glass container manufacturing defect can be divided into three classes.The first kind is that vision can directly observe, as calculus, dross, burst, size is incorrect, diagonal distortion etc.For this kind of defect, automatic visual detecting system detects by the method for imitating mankind's visual inspection, namely light source is placed by the container back side, industrial camera checks the printing opacity situation of container at opposite side, when there is the Observable defects such as calculus, the light through defect area will be produced shade by stopping.Equations of The Second Kind can must observe in special observation position, as inclined base thickness must visual angle height at the bottom of bottle can to detect bottle outlet base thickness degree consistent.3rd class cannot directly observe, mainly stress central hot water supply system.The problem that stress is concentrated may be produced when glass firing temperature goes wrong in some region, there is the region that stress concentrates when container inner pressure is higher and have the danger of blowing.The glass of internal stress free is isotropic body; And after stress concentrates generation, aeolotropic crystal will be become, there is rotation effect, and it can be made to manifest by polarized light imaging.
The structural representation of the transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system that Fig. 1 provides for one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, the transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system 10 of the present embodiment, comprising: parallel surface light source 8, polaroid 7, auxiliary detection camera 5 and at least one spectroscopic imaging system 9;
Described parallel surface light source 8 and polaroid 7 are positioned at the side of transparent glass container to be detected, described polaroid 7 is pasted and is covered on the light-emitting area of described parallel surface light source 8, makes described parallel surface light source 8 send linearly polarized light and illuminates described transparent glass container to be detected 6;
Described spectroscopic imaging system 9 is positioned at described transparent glass container to be detected 6 opposite side contrary with described parallel surface light source 8 direction, and described spectroscopic imaging system 9 comprises: main detection camera 1, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2, catoptron 3 and polariscope 4;
Linearly polarized light through described transparent glass container 6 to be detected is divided into two-beam by described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2, light beam directly enters (complete) highlights image that described main detection camera 1 forms described transparent glass container to be detected 6, and the second bundle light enters through described polariscope 4 (complete) dark portion image that described main detection camera 1 forms described transparent glass container to be detected 6 after the reflection of described catoptron 3, again;
The camera lens of described auxiliary detection camera 5 tilts upward towards described transparent glass container 6 to be detected, forms described transparent glass container to be detected 6 from bottom to the image in shoulder region according to the linearly polarized light through described transparent glass container 6 to be detected;
The image that described main detection camera 1 and described auxiliary detection camera 5 are formed is sent to treating apparatus 11, determines described transparent glass container to be detected 6 whether defectiveness to make described treating apparatus 11.
In a particular application, the polarization angle of polariscope 4 described in the present embodiment is mutually vertical with the polarization angle of described polaroid 7.
In a particular application, the half field range of main detection camera 1 described in the present embodiment is the complete highlights image of the transparent glass container 6 described in the direction of the width to be detected according to described light beam formation; Second half field range of described main detection camera 1 is the complete dark portion image of the transparent glass container 6 described in the direction of the width to be detected according to described second bundle light formation.
In a particular application, the focal centre length of auxiliary detection camera 5 described in the present embodiment is identical with the bottom level of described transparent glass container 6 to be detected.
In a particular application, main detection camera 1 described in the present embodiment and described auxiliary detection camera 5 all can be preferably industrial camera.
In a particular application, the camera brightness of main detection camera 1 imaging described in the present embodiment is difficult to observe defect for both only secretly causing, and the bright tiny flaw that makes disappears due to image overexposure only.
In a particular application, the brightness of auxiliary detection camera 5 imaging described in the present embodiment is brightly to disappear completely to unsmooth area shading.
It should be noted that, treating apparatus 11 in Fig. 1 is in the outside of the transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system 10 of the present embodiment, be connected with described main detection camera 1 and described auxiliary detection camera 5 respectively, for receiving the image that described main detection camera 1 and described auxiliary detection camera 5 send, detect described transparent glass container to be detected 6 defect (as calculus, dross, burst, size is incorrect, diagonal distortion, partially base thickness, stress are concentrated, unsmooth subsurface defect etc. in vessel surface region as unsmooth in rib, logo etc.); This treating apparatus 11 can be preferably industrial computer.
Will be understood that, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2 in spectroscopic imaging system 9 described in the present embodiment by the linearly polarized light through described transparent glass container 6 to be detected, (paste and cover on the light-emitting area of described parallel surface light source 8 by polaroid 7, described parallel surface light source 8 is made to send linearly polarized light) be divided into two-beam, namely the picture of described transparent glass container 6 to be detected copies by described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2.Light beam directly enters described main detection camera 1 imaging (i.e. the complete highlights image of described transparent glass container to be detected 6), when system call interception is suitable, this picture can the Width of covering container, namely the part on container height direction can be observed, this image brightness is suitable for simultaneously, make both only secretly to be difficult to observe defect, the bright tiny flaw that makes disappears due to image overexposure only, second bundle light is after the reflection of described catoptron 3, described main detection camera 1 imaging (i.e. the complete dark portion image of described transparent glass container to be detected 6) is entered again through described polariscope 4, about adjustment System makes these two pictures substantially respectively account for the half of described main detection camera 1 field of view scope, the first half field range is called highlights, later half field range is called dark portion.Because the polarization direction of polariscope 4 is mutually vertical with the polarization direction of the polaroid that parallel surface light source is pasted, therefore under normal circumstances light when polariscope 4 by delustring, so the dark portion image on the image that formed of described main detection camera 1 is for complete dark, remarkable with the luminance difference of highlights image.And when described transparent glass container 6 to be detected existing region of stress concentration, because effect of stress glass becomes aeolotropic crystal in this region, thus generation rotation effect, linearly polarized light through polaroid 7 changes through the region of stress concentration polarization direction of described transparent glass container 6 to be detected, thus when polariscope 4, have light to pass through, so dark portion image during described main detection camera 1 imaging has speck to exist, whether there is speck by the dark portion body region (i.e. dark portion image) detecting described transparent glass container to be detected 6 and can judge that whether there is stress in described transparent glass container to be detected 6 current angular visibility region concentrates situation.
It should be noted that, when carrying out the debugging of transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system 10 described in the present embodiment, first polariscope is removed, the image that the position of each optical element of adjustment spectroscopic imaging system 9 and angle make main detection camera 1 be formed divided equally by highlights image and dark portion image substantially, and the complete picture comprising container width direction clearly can be become respectively, now dark portion is also bright.
After hardware adjustment completes, in order to improve detection accuracy further, to software training, namely training opening relationships can be passed through to the position relationship of two pictures (i.e. highlights image and dark portion image).Because after dismounting polariscope, these two pictures are all bright visible, so automatically can locate the described position of transparent glass container 6 on image to be detected respectively by algorithm.If the position of the picture of the highlights image of described transparent glass container to be detected 6 on image and dark portion image is respectively [x
1, y
1] ' and [x
2, y
2] '.Because used optical element is all planar lens or catoptron, so [x
1, y
1] ' with [x
2, y
2] ' meet affine transformation relationship, that is:
Wherein, a
ijand b
i(i, j=1,2) are system constants, are images by repeatedly taking described transparent glass container to be detected 6 and utilize least square method to determine after obtaining positioning result.
After drawing the region to be detected of two pictures in the picture, install polariscope 4 and adjust angle make dark portion arrive the darkest.Debug complete.
When normal operation detects, by highlights picture position [x
1, y
1] ' calculate dark portion image should position [x
2, y
2] ', thus each region to be detected of mobile dark portion are detected to this position.
Will be understood that, the focal centre length of auxiliary detection camera 5 described in the present embodiment is identical with height at the bottom of described transparent glass container to be detected 6 bottles, make the polarization light at the bottom of horizontal through bottle can enter the imaging of described auxiliary detection camera 5, thus can most accurately detect bottle base thickness degree, when bottle base thickness spends thick, excessively thin or inclined base thickness, can detect exactly;
Described auxiliary detection camera 5 tilts upward shooting simultaneously, and field range is to the shoulder height of described transparent glass container 6 to be detected.Because there is logo logo in general shoulder portion, logo region serious interference for main detection camera 5 imaging, can accuracy of detection be lower even becomes blind area.The refraction shadow removal that logo is caused with the mode improving brightness by tilt by auxiliary detection camera 5 described in the present embodiment, can detect the logo region, the body back side that described main detection camera 1 is difficult to detect, thus dead zone-eliminating, improve accuracy of detection.
The transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system of the present embodiment, can by transparent glass container common deficiency in process of production (as calculus, dross, burst, size is incorrect, diagonal distortion, inclined base thickness, stress is concentrated, vessel surface is as rib, unsmooth subsurface defect etc. in the unsmooth region such as logo) all quick, detect exactly, there is accuracy of detection high, detection speed is fast, low cost and other advantages, efficiently solve transparent glass container manufacturing line is difficult to ground, an omnibearing non-blind area Aulomatizeted Detect difficult problem to product quality.
In sum, the transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system of the present embodiment has some advantage following:
1. non-contact detecting.Adopt the mode of vision-based detection, to glass container noncontact.Damage that container is caused and pollution can be avoided.
2. accuracy of detection is high.By utilizing high-resolution camera imaging, can detect exactly number of drawbacks such as calculus macroscopic on container, drosses, can adjust easily according to need of production accuracy of detection simultaneously.Particularly add auxiliary detection camera, really achieve non-blind area and detect.
3. computing velocity is fast.The detection speed being not less than 600 bottles/minute can be supported, meet production line demand completely.
4. defect kind can be detected many.For number of drawbacks common in glass container manufacture process, as calculus, dross, burst, size is incorrect, diagonal distortion, partially base thickness, stress are concentrated etc. all can be implemented in line high precision test.
5. convenient adjustment.Due to the mode adopting each optical module independently to install, so can adjust to system the demand adapting to detection according to produced container size, shape easily.Particularly polariscope can dismounting easily, can before manufacture to software training to improve the accuracy of detection further.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic flow sheet of the transparent glass container manufacturing defect visible detection method based on the manufacturing defect of transparent glass container shown in Fig. 1 vision detection system that one embodiment of the invention provides, as shown in Figure 3, the transparent glass container manufacturing defect visible detection method of the present embodiment is as described below.
301, the image of the transparent glass container to be detected that main detection camera sends is obtained.
302, according to the highlights image in the image of described main detection camera transmission, detect the calculus of described transparent glass container to be detected, dross, burst, size is incorrect, the defect of diagonal distortion.
303, according to the dark portion image in the image of described main detection camera transmission, the defect that the stress detecting described transparent glass container to be detected is concentrated.
In a particular application, described step 303, can specifically comprise:
Detect in the dark portion image in the image of described main detection camera transmission and whether there is speck, if there is speck, then determine that described transparent glass container to be detected has the concentrated defect of stress.
304, the transparent glass container to be detected of auxiliary detection camera transmission is obtained from bottom to the image in shoulder region.
305, the transparent glass container to be detected sent according to described auxiliary detection camera, from bottom to the image in shoulder region, detects the bottle base thickness degree of described transparent glass container to be detected and the defect in body shoulder logo logo region.
The transparent glass container manufacturing defect visible detection method of the present embodiment, realized by the treating apparatus of the transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system outside in embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, main detection camera and the auxiliary detection camera of this treating apparatus and Fig. 1 or system shown in Figure 2 are connected respectively, can the image that sends of the main detection camera of real-time reception and auxiliary detection camera, and the defects detection of transparent glass container to be detected is carried out according to the method for the present embodiment, for example, this treating apparatus can be industrial computer.
The transparent glass container manufacturing defect visible detection method of the present embodiment, based on the transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system shown in Fig. 1, can by transparent glass container common deficiency in process of production (as calculus, dross, burst, size is incorrect, diagonal distortion, inclined base thickness, stress is concentrated, vessel surface is as rib, unsmooth subsurface defect etc. in the unsmooth region such as logo) all quick, detect exactly, there is accuracy of detection high, detection speed is fast, low cost and other advantages, efficiently solve transparent glass container manufacturing line is difficult to ground, an omnibearing non-blind area Aulomatizeted Detect difficult problem to product quality.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of step realizing said method embodiment can have been come by the hardware that programmed instruction is relevant.Aforesaid program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium.This program, when performing, performs the step comprising above-mentioned each embodiment of the method; And aforesaid storage medium comprises: ROM, RAM, magnetic disc or CD etc. various can be program code stored medium.
Last it is noted that above each embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to foregoing embodiments to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein some or all of technical characteristic; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the scope of claim of the present invention protection.
Claims (9)
1. a transparent glass container manufacturing defect vision detection system, is characterized in that, comprising: parallel surface light source, polaroid, auxiliary detection camera and at least one spectroscopic imaging system;
Described parallel surface light source and polaroid are positioned at the side of transparent glass container to be detected, and described polarizing plate sticking covers on the light-emitting area of described parallel surface light source, make described parallel surface light source send linearly polarized light and illuminate described transparent glass container to be detected;
Described spectroscopic imaging system is positioned at the described transparent glass container to be detected opposite side contrary with described parallel surface light source direction, and described spectroscopic imaging system comprises: main detection camera, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, catoptron and polariscope;
Linearly polarized light through described transparent glass container to be detected is divided into two-beam by described semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, light beam directly enters the highlights image that described main detection camera forms described transparent glass container to be detected, and the second bundle light enters through described polariscope the dark portion image that described main detection camera forms described transparent glass container to be detected after the reflection of described catoptron, again;
The camera lens of described auxiliary detection camera tilts upward towards described transparent glass container to be detected, forms described transparent glass container to be detected from bottom to the image in shoulder region according to the linearly polarized light through described transparent glass container to be detected;
The image that described main detection camera and described auxiliary detection camera are formed is sent to treating apparatus, determines described transparent glass container to be detected whether defectiveness to make described treating apparatus.
2. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described polariscopic polarization angle is mutually vertical with the polarization angle of described polaroid.
3. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the half field range of described main detection camera is the complete highlights image of the described in the direction of the width transparent glass container to be detected according to described light beam formation;
Second half field range of described main detection camera is the complete dark portion image of the described in the direction of the width transparent glass container to be detected according to described second bundle light formation.
4. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the focal centre length of described auxiliary detection camera is identical with the bottom level of described transparent glass container to be detected.
5. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described main detection camera and described auxiliary detection camera are industrial camera.
6. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the camera brightness of described main detection camera imaging is difficult to observe defect for both only secretly causing, and the bright tiny flaw that makes disappears due to image overexposure only.
7. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the brightness of described auxiliary detection camera imaging is brightly to disappear completely to unsmooth area shading.
8., based on a transparent glass container manufacturing defect visible detection method for system according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Obtain the image of the transparent glass container to be detected that main detection camera sends;
According to the highlights image in the image that described main detection camera sends, detect the calculus of described transparent glass container to be detected, dross, burst, size is incorrect, the defect of diagonal distortion;
According to the dark portion image in the image that described main detection camera sends, the defect that the stress detecting described transparent glass container to be detected is concentrated;
Obtain the transparent glass container to be detected of auxiliary detection camera transmission from bottom to the image in shoulder region;
The transparent glass container to be detected sent according to described auxiliary detection camera, from bottom to the image in shoulder region, detects the bottle base thickness degree of described transparent glass container to be detected and the defect in body shoulder logo logo region.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described according to the dark portion image in the image of described main detection camera transmission, the defect that the stress detecting described transparent glass container to be detected is concentrated, specifically comprises:
Detect in the dark portion image in the image of described main detection camera transmission and whether there is speck, if there is speck, then determine that described transparent glass container to be detected has the concentrated defect of stress.
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| CN107727668A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-02-23 | 浙江科技学院 | Transparent medium one side selection imaging method and its device based on polarization extinction |
| CN110047067A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-07-23 | 广州大学 | A kind of shoulder detection method for bottle classification |
| CN110108715A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-08-09 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of defect inspection method of Plane-parallel Transparent Materiel |
| CN110823810A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2020-02-21 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Polarizing filter vision system for detecting tempering level in glass |
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