CN104984743B - A kind of discarded object sewage sludge preparation method and product for demercuration - Google Patents
A kind of discarded object sewage sludge preparation method and product for demercuration Download PDFInfo
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- CN104984743B CN104984743B CN201510220594.1A CN201510220594A CN104984743B CN 104984743 B CN104984743 B CN 104984743B CN 201510220594 A CN201510220594 A CN 201510220594A CN 104984743 B CN104984743 B CN 104984743B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of discarded object sewage sludge preparation method and product for demercuration, belong to municipal domestic waste technical field of resource utilization.This method is specially：Halogen discarded object will be contained generation pyrolytic reaction is mixed with biomass castoff, the halogen in discarded object containing halogen discharges and is fixed on biomass castoff, generates the discarded object sewage sludge for demercuration.Using the inventive method, the halogen release during pyrolysis of waste containing halogen is on the one hand reduced, halogen useful on mercury absorbent is on the other hand changed into, the dual purpose of changing rejected material to useful resource and generation demercuration adsorbent is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to municipal domestic waste technical field of resource utilization, and in particular to a kind of discarded object for demercuration
Sewage sludge preparation method and product.
Background technology
Urbanization progress, living standards of the people are improved, and the municipal domestic waste amount of clearing is from 1.57 hundred million in 2009
Ton increases to 1.71 hundred million tons in 2012, how more effectively to handle the problem of discarded object turns into instantly heavier regard.At present, city
The disposal options of city's domestic refuse mainly include landfill, compost and burning.Discarded object land-fill method is simple, small investment, still
Floor space is big, and certain pollution can be caused to water and soil.Composting technology is the most frequently used biologic treating technique, and at compost
Manage the limited in one's ability of discarded object, it is difficult to meet growing offal treatment demand, and this processing mode can equally be made
Into certain pollution.Castoff burning can produce substantial amounts of toxic gas, such as sulfur dioxide, bioxin toxic organic compound, and
And mercury pollution and chlorine pollution be also than it is more serious the problem of.Therefore, the processing disposal of exploitation municipal domestic waste and recycling
New way, has important meaning to the minimizing of municipal domestic waste, stabilisation, innoxious and recycling is better achieved
Justice.
At present, flue activated carbon gunite (ACI) is the technology that current coal fired power plant reduces mercury emissions most mature and feasible, mesh
Before, US Coal-fired Power Plants have generally carried out the emission control of mercury using the method, end in June, 2010, the U.S. has had 169
Mercury contaminants control device is installed in individual units' installation or plan, wherein 155 are ACI technologies.And spray the business used
Mercury control activated carbon is all to carry out chemical modification formation by solution, and chemical modification method mainly has dipping halide, sulfide, oxygen
Compound etc., main purpose is to improve adsorbent surface functional group to increase its chemical adsorption capacity, to improve its adsorption efficiency.Text
Offer [Ghorishi S B, Keeney R M, Serre S D, et al.Development of a Cl-impregnated
activated carbon for entrained-flow capture of elemental mercury[J]
Environ.Sci.Technol,36:4454-4459,2002.] probed into HCl solution to enter business DARCO activated carbons in
Row is modified, and obtains its demercuration efficiency more than 80%.Document [Zengqiang Tan, Lushi Sun, et al.Gas-phase
elemental mercury removal by novel carbon-based sorbents[J].Carbon 50(2012)
362-371] HNO is used in3And ZnCl2Solution is modified to bamboo charcoal, finds modified activated carbon removing Hg0Efficiency be more than
90%.Document [Guoliang Li, Boxiong Shen, et al.Elemental mercury removal using
biochar pyrolyzed from municipal solid waste[J].Fuel Processing Technology
133 (2015) 43-50.] in make mercury control activated carbon with municipal solid wastes, its step is divided into：Charing, activation, NH4Cl changes
Three steps of property, obtain its demercuration efficiency and are substantially improved than non-modified demercuration efficiency.As can be seen here, wooden bamboo in MSW
Class can be used for preparing demercuration adsorbent, but also need to improve its removing effect by the chemical impregnation modification such as halide
Rate.
The content of the invention
For the defect of prior art, the present invention provide a kind of discarded object sewage sludge preparation method for demercuration and
Product, it is intended that the halogen release during on the one hand reducing pyrolysis of waste containing halogen, on the other hand changes into mercury suction
Attached dose of upper useful halogen, realizes the dual purpose of changing rejected material to useful resource and generation demercuration adsorbent.
A kind of discarded object sewage sludge preparation method for demercuration, this method is specially：To contain halogen discarded object with
The halogen that biomass castoff mixing occurs in pyrolytic reaction, discarded object containing halogen discharges and is fixed on biomass castoff,
Generate the discarded object sewage sludge for demercuration.
Further, the halogen is any one in Cl, Br.
Further, the discarded object containing halogen is discarded PVC, brominated epoxy resin, discarded printed circuit boards, electronics
Any one in product plastic casing.
Further, the biomass castoff is any one in discarded paper, waste wood, useless bamboo, waste cotton.
Further, the mass ratio of the discarded object containing halogen and biomass castoff is 1:1~1:9.
Further, the pyrolysis temperature in the pyrolytic reaction be 600 DEG C~800 DEG C, pyrolysis time be 10min~
30min。
Further, the discarded object containing halogen and biomass castoff are powder of the particle diameter in 0.5mm~10mm.
Further, the discarded object containing halogen is PVC, and the biomass class discarded object is useless bamboo, PVC and the matter of useless bamboo
Amount is than being 1:3, the pyrolysis temperature is 700 DEG C, and the pyrolysis time is 10min, and pyrolysis atmosphere is air.
A kind of discarded object sewage sludge, is made according to the method described above.
The technique effect of the present invention is embodied in：
Discarded object derives the preparation method of demercuration adsorbent in the present invention, is by discarded object containing halogen (PVC, brominated
Oxygen tree fat, discarded printed circuit boards, plastic casing of electronic product etc.) and biomass class discarded object (paper, waste wood, useless bamboo,
Waste cotton etc.) pyrolysis reciprocation.Specific advantage have it is following some：
Raw material 1. (paper, wooden bamboo, PVC etc.) wide material sources, cheap, it is easy to obtain.And make de- with discarded object
Mercury absorbent is conducive to the recycling of municipal solid wastes；
2. the Cl that the Cl in PVC etc. is mainly discharged in pyrolytic process in HCl forms, is fixed up by paper,
This not only reduces the discarded object plastics problem of environmental pollution that Cl discharges are brought in pyrolytic process, and again in obtained adsorbent
C-Cl keys are introduced in product, discarded object sewage sludge are added to Hg0Chemisorption, so as to substantially increase demercuration
Performance, is truly realized " utilization of waste as resource " this measure (discarded object containing Br is similar), be particularly suitable for use in flue gas
Demercuration.
3. the production process of this discarded object sewage sludge is simple, (i.e. charcoal is prepared relative to traditional demercuration adsorbent
Change, activate, be modified) production process is reduced, thus save adsorbent preparation energy consumption.
4. the Production Time of this discarded object sewage sludge is shorter (10~30min), with short production cycle, can significantly it carry
High efficiency so that the output in the unit interval is greatly improved.
5. the preparation method of this discarded object sewage sludge, reduces the required a large amount of chemical reagent of later stage modification, both
Eliminate using chemicals to the etching problem of equipment, the expense needed for substantial amounts of chemicals is saved again, so that overall
Reduce the manufacturing cost of demercuration adsorbent.
6. this method can also be used as the processing method to the discarded object containing halogen as demercuration adsorbent preparation method.Should
Method condition is easily-controllable, realizes offal treatment and the harmony of recycling, with good economic benefit, environmental benefit and
Social benefit, can be achieved the large-scale production of discarded object sewage sludge.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is discarded object sewage sludge preparation method process flow diagram；
Fig. 2 is sewage sludge adsorption mechanism figure (by taking discarded object containing Cl as an example).
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below
Not constituting conflict each other can just be mutually combined.
Flue gas Hg is administered using discarded object the invention provides one kind0The method of pollution, reaches the purpose turned waste into wealth.
The present invention is mixed into raw material with biomass class discarded object and discarded object containing halogen, and preparation process is as shown in Figure 1：
After selection biomass class discarded object is sufficiently mixed with discarded object containing halogen, mixture is placed in stove and is pyrolyzed.
During pyrolysis, the lower-molecular substance in material is first evaporated, and can then occur thermal decomposition and the reaction of the class of thermal polycondensation two separates out coal gas
And coal tar, so as to form gap structure.With discarded object containing halogen heat interaction can occur for biomass class discarded object in the process
Effect.Analyzed by taking the thermal interaction of PVC and paper as an example：The fiber in the HCl and paper that are discharged after 1. PVC is heated under high temperature
Hydrolysis occurs for plain (hemicellulose), so that Cl is fixed in the product, so as to form avtive spot to adsorb Hg0；2. paper
The polyenoid hydrocarbon chain that high carbon content component and PVC are decomposed to form after Zhang Shoure is acted on, bigger, the more stable chemical combination of generation molecular weight
Thing.Thus reciprocation and form the functional group containing Cl, its important function in adsorption process as avtive spot.Pass through table
Levy, it can be appreciated that Hg0It is oxidized to HgCl or HgCl2, and the Cl in functional group containing Cl (C-Cl) now is reacted away,
And form Cl-, reach the effect of chemisorbed.By experiment, the adsorbent of preparation adsorbs Hg at high temperature0Efficiency is remote
Proved higher than Hg efficiency is adsorbed under normal temperature, illustrate the mainly chemisorbed, specific adsorption mechanism for now playing suction-operated
It is as follows.
Hg0 (g)→Hg(ad)
Cl*+C-C→C-C-Cl
Hg0 (ad)-e-+C-C-Cl→HgCl+C-C
Hg0 (ad)-2e-+2C-C-Cl→HgCl2+C-C
Note：Cl*For Cl active group presoma discarded object existing forms.
Halogen in discarded object containing halogen can be any one of halogen race, because current municipal domestic waste mainly contains
Cl, Br, therefore present invention application is more embodied in the discarded object containing Cl, Br, for example PVC, brominated epoxy resin, discarded printing
Circuit board, plastic casing of electronic product etc..
Biomass castoff can be discarded paper, waste wood, useless bamboo, waste cotton etc., wherein the effect of useless bamboo is optimal.
The quality of the discarded object containing halogen is more beneficial for more greatly the absorption heat fixation of halogen, but quality crosses conference causes halogen
Absorption is incomplete, preferably the mass ratio 1 of discarded object containing halogen and biomass castoff:1~1:9, wherein 1：3 is optimal.
During biomass class discarded object reacts with pyrolysis of waste containing halogen, pyrolysis temperature preferably is 600 DEG C~800 DEG C,
Pyrolysis time is 10min~30min, it is possible to provide for example the gas such as nitrogen, argon gas, air, carbon dioxide is atmosphere.
In order that the reaction of biomass class discarded object and pyrolysis of waste containing halogen is more abundant, can be to discarded object containing halogen
Crushed with biomass castoff, allow surface both fully to contact, powder of the preferable particle diameter in 0.5mm~10mm.
Compared with conventional preparation techniques, preparation process is more simple in present example, is added in thermal interaction
Hg0Adsorption site, thus reduce the later stage solution modification processing.
Now by taking specific discarded object sewage sludge and preparation method thereof as an example, the present invention is made further specifically
It is bright.
Embodiment 1
Step 1. chooses PVC powder and discarded paper of the particle diameter in 0.5-10mm, and the quality of PVC and discarded paper is chosen
For 1:1, it is sufficiently mixed.
The reactor that step 2. will be equipped with mixture is put into tube furnace, is passed through CO2Gas is as atmosphere, and flow
10L/ (minkg), is warming up to 700 DEG C, heating rate is controlled in 10 DEG C/min, by mixture pyrolysis 30min by tube furnace,
Then in N2Room temperature is cooled under atmosphere, discarded object sewage sludge is produced.
The discarded object sewage sludge prepared through this example 1, BET specific surface area is 79.93m2/ g, pore volume is
0.07cm3/ g, average pore size is 3.51nm, and Elements C l relative amount is 55.89%.
Hg0Elimination reaction condition (absorption Hg experimental provisions are as shown in Figure 2)：Mercury initial concentration is 40 μ g/m3, adsorbent use
Measure as 100mg, N2Flow is 2L/min, and adsorption temp is 150 DEG C, now takes off Hg0Efficiency is 90%, when adsorption temp is 25 DEG C,
Now take off Hg0Efficiency is 43%.
Embodiment 2
Step 1. chooses PVC powder and useless bamboo of the particle diameter in 0.5mm-10mm, and the quality of PVC and useless bamboo is chosen for into 1:3,
It is sufficiently mixed.
The reactor that step 2.. will be equipped with mixture is put into tube furnace, the inside smoldering in atmosphere is allowed to, by tube furnace
700 DEG C are warming up to, heating rate is controlled in 10 DEG C/min, by mixture pyrolysis 10min, then in N2Room is cooled under atmosphere
Temperature, produces discarded object sewage sludge.
The discarded object sewage sludge prepared through this example 2, BET specific surface area is 80.41m2/ g, pore volume is
0.096cm3/ g, average pore size is 10.07nm, and Elements C l relative amount is 58.11%.
Hg0Elimination reaction condition (absorption Hg experimental provisions are as shown in Figure 2)：Mercury initial concentration is 50 μ g/m3, adsorbent use
Measure as 100mg, N2Flow is 2L/min, and adsorption temp is 150 DEG C, now takes off Hg0Efficiency is 96%, when adsorption temp is 25 DEG C,
Now take off Hg0Efficiency is 47%.
Embodiment 3
Step 1. chooses brominated epoxy resin and discarded paper of the particle diameter in 0.5-10mm, by brominated epoxy resin with discarding
The quality of paper is chosen for 1:4, it is sufficiently mixed.
The reactor that step 2. will be equipped with mixture is put into tube furnace, is passed through inert gas (N2), and flow is 10L/
(minkg) tube furnace, is warming up to 600 DEG C, heating rate control is in 10 DEG C/min, by mixture pyrolysis 10min, then
In N2Room temperature is cooled under atmosphere, discarded object sewage sludge is produced.
The discarded object sewage sludge prepared through this example 1, BET specific surface area is 10.66m2/ g, pore volume is
0.03cm3/ g, average pore size is 11.11nm, and element B r relative amount is 54.99%.
Hg0Elimination reaction condition (absorption Hg experimental provisions are as shown in Figure 2)：Mercury initial concentration is 30 μ g/m3, adsorbent use
Measure as 100mg, N2Flow is 2L/min, and adsorption temp is 150 DEG C, now takes off Hg0Efficiency is 80%, when adsorption temp is 25 DEG C,
Now take off Hg0Efficiency is 26%.
Embodiment 4
Step 1. chooses plastic casing powder and useless bamboo of the particle diameter in 0.5-10mm electronic product, by the modeling of electronic product
Material shell and the quality of useless bamboo are chosen for 1:7, it is sufficiently mixed.
The reactor that step 2. will be equipped with mixture is put into tube furnace, is passed through CO2Gas is as atmosphere, and flow
10L/ (minkg), is warming up to 600 DEG C, heating rate is controlled in 10 DEG C/min, by mixture pyrolysis 30min by tube furnace,
Then in N2Room temperature is cooled under atmosphere, discarded object sewage sludge is produced, element B r relative amount is 38.16%.
The discarded object sewage sludge prepared through this example 1, BET specific surface area is 75.56m2/ g, pore volume is
0.082cm3/ g, average pore size is 3.12nm.
Hg0Elimination reaction condition (absorption Hg experimental provisions are as shown in Figure 2)：Mercury initial concentration is 30 μ g/m3, adsorbent use
Measure as 100mg, N2Flow is 2L/min, and adsorption temp is 150 DEG C, now takes off Hg0Efficiency is 82%, when adsorption temp is 25 DEG C,
Now take off Hg0Efficiency is 40%.
Embodiment 5
Step 1. chooses discarded printed circuit boards and discarded paper of the particle diameter in 0.5~10mm, by discarded printed circuit boards
1 is chosen for the quality of discarded paper:5, it is sufficiently mixed.
The reactor that step 2. will be equipped with mixture is put into tube furnace, is passed through inert gas (N2), and flow is 10L/
(minkg) tube furnace, is warming up to 700 DEG C, heating rate control is in 20 DEG C/min, by mixture pyrolysis 20min, then
In N2Room temperature is cooled under atmosphere, discarded object sewage sludge is produced.
The discarded object sewage sludge prepared through this example 1, BET specific surface area is 21.67m2/ g, pore volume is
0.044cm3/ g, average pore size is 8.16nm, and element B r relative amount is 37.59%.
Hg0Elimination reaction condition (absorption Hg experimental provisions are as shown in Figure 2)：Mercury initial concentration is 40 μ g/m3, adsorbent use
Measure as 100mg, N2Flow is 2L/min, and adsorption temp is 150 DEG C, now takes off Hg0Efficiency is 73%, when adsorption temp is 25 DEG C,
Now take off Hg0Efficiency is 32%.
Embodiment 6
Step 1. chooses brominated epoxy resin and useless bamboo of the particle diameter in 0.5~10mm, by brominated epoxy resin and discarded wood
The quality of bamboo is chosen for 1:9, it is sufficiently mixed.
The reactor that step 2. will be equipped with mixture is put into tube furnace, obstructed any gas (i.e. atmosphere is air), is made
The inside smoldering in atmosphere, tube furnace is warming up to 800 DEG C, heating rate is controlled in 20 DEG C/min, by the mixture pyrolysis
20min, is then cooled to room temperature under air, produces discarded object sewage sludge.
The discarded object sewage sludge prepared through this example 1, BET specific surface area is 56.34m2/ g, pore volume is
0.035cm3/ g, average pore size is 3.16nm, and element B r relative amount is 57.4%.
Hg0Elimination reaction condition (absorption Hg experimental provisions are as shown in Figure 2)：Mercury initial concentration is 20 μ g/m3, adsorbent use
Measure as 100mg, N2Flow is 2L/min, and adsorption temp is 150 DEG C, now takes off Hg0Efficiency is 90%, when adsorption temp is 25 DEG C,
Now take off Hg0Efficiency is 42%.
Embodiment 7
Step 1. chooses PVC powder and useless bamboo of the particle diameter in 0.5~10mm, and PVC and the quality of discarded wooden bamboo are chosen for
1:3, it is sufficiently mixed.
The reactor that step 2. will be equipped with mixture is put into tube furnace, makes mixture smoldering in atmosphere.By tube furnace
700 DEG C are warming up to, heating rate is controlled in 10 DEG C/min, by mixture pyrolysis 30min, then in N2Room is cooled under atmosphere
Temperature, produces discarded object sewage sludge.
Adsorbent made from the method is applied to certain 75t/h fire coal boiler fume demercuration, measuring exhaust gas volumn is
129659Nm3The following CO of each component proportion in/h, flue gas2：12.286%, O2：4.334%, N2：75.783%, SO2:
0.106%, H2O:7.491%, jet is selected in air preheater outlet, and sorbent injection amount is 20mg/Nm3, measure flue gas temperature
Spend for 130 DEG C, Hg concentration is 0.034mg/m in flue gas3.Spray before the esp. after this kind of adsorbent, measure its Adsorption of Mercury
Efficiency be 92%.
Obtained adsorbent specific surface area all very littles it can be seen from the above results, but adsorb Hg under high temperature0Efficiency
It is of a relatively high, it is above the absorption under normal temperature, the effect of this explanation chemisorbed is higher than the effect of physical absorption, it was demonstrated that contain
The effect of Cl or Br functional groups, also demonstrates thermal interaction, and its practical application effect also complies with the bar of coal-burning power plant's demercuration
Part.Contrast is it can be found that Cl or Br relative amount is higher in adsorbent, and its adsorption capacity is stronger, again demonstrates this invention
Feasibility.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not used to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention etc., it all should include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of discarded object sewage sludge preparation method for demercuration, it is characterised in that this method is specially：Halogen will be contained
The halogen that discarded object mixes in generation pyrolytic reaction, discarded object containing halogen with biomass castoff, which discharges and is fixed on biomass, to give up
On gurry, the discarded object sewage sludge for demercuration is generated, the discarded object containing halogen is plastics, and adsorbent is applied to fire coal
Boiler smoke demercuration, adsorption mechanism is：
Hg0 (g)→Hg(ad)
Cl*+C-C→C-C-Cl
Hg0 (ad)-e-+C-C-Cl→HgCl+C-C
Hg0 (ad)-2e-+2C-C-Cl→HgCl2+C-C
Note：Cl*For Cl active group presoma discarded object existing forms.
2. the discarded object sewage sludge preparation method according to claim 1 for demercuration, it is characterised in that the halogen
Element is any one in Cl, Br.
3. the discarded object sewage sludge preparation method according to claim 1 for demercuration, it is characterised in that described to contain
Halogen discarded object is any one in discarded PVC, brominated epoxy resin, discarded printed circuit boards, electronic product plastic shell
Kind.
4. the discarded object sewage sludge preparation method for demercuration according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that
The biomass castoff is any one in discarded paper, waste wood, useless bamboo, waste cotton.
5. the discarded object sewage sludge preparation method for demercuration according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that
The mass ratio of the discarded object containing halogen and biomass castoff is 1:1~1:9.
6. the discarded object sewage sludge preparation method for demercuration according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that
Pyrolysis temperature in the pyrolytic reaction is 600 DEG C~800 DEG C, and pyrolysis time is 10min~30min.
7. the discarded object sewage sludge preparation method for demercuration according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that
The discarded object containing halogen and biomass castoff are powder of the particle diameter in 0.5mm~10mm.
8. the discarded object sewage sludge preparation method according to claim 1 for demercuration, it is characterised in that described to contain
Halogen discarded object is PVC, and the biomass class discarded object is useless bamboo, and the mass ratio of PVC and useless bamboo is 1:3, the pyrolysis temperature
For 700 DEG C, the pyrolysis time is 10min, and pyrolysis atmosphere is air.
9. the discarded object for demercuration prepared according to the method described in claim 1~8 any one claim spreads out
Raw adsorbent.
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| EP4048759A1 (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2022-08-31 | ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Mercury and silicon removal from plastic-derived pyrolysis oil |
| CN111672464B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2022-01-11 | 山东大学 | Adsorbent for simultaneously removing mercury in different forms in flue gas and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111672463B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-09-07 | 山东大学 | Method for simultaneously preparing high-quality bio-oil and high-performance mercury removal adsorbent from urban solid waste |
| CN111604031B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-08-31 | 华中科技大学 | Modified non-carbon-based mercury removal adsorbent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111921495B (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2021-12-17 | 山东大学 | Demercuration adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof |
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Inventor after: Luo Guangqian Inventor after: Xu Yang Inventor after: Yu Qiao Inventor after: Zhang Bi Inventor after: Xu Ping Inventor after: Zeng Xiaobo Inventor after: Yao Hong Inventor after: Shu Jun Inventor before: Luo Guangqian Inventor before: Xu Yang Inventor before: Yu Qiao Inventor before: Zhang Bi Inventor before: Xu Ping Inventor before: Zeng Xiaobo Inventor before: Yao Hong |
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