CN104979635B - A kind of array antenna - Google Patents
A kind of array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN104979635B CN104979635B CN201410134061.7A CN201410134061A CN104979635B CN 104979635 B CN104979635 B CN 104979635B CN 201410134061 A CN201410134061 A CN 201410134061A CN 104979635 B CN104979635 B CN 104979635B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of array antenna, including mutiple antennas a period of time, the array antenna further includes：At least one blocker unit being set between adjacent first antenna a period of time and the second antenna element, for generating the second induced current in second antenna element using the first induced current, at least partly to offset the third induced current in second antenna element；First induced current is that the signal code transmitted on described first antenna a period of time is coupled to the induced current generated after the blocker unit, and the third induced current is that the signal code transmitted on described first antenna a period of time is coupled to the induced current generated after second antenna element.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of communication technology more particularly to a kind of array antennas.
Background technology
With the high speed development of wireless technology, in wireless network data service increase rapidly.It was predicted that 10 years following
Between, data service will be increased with annual 1.6-2 times of rate, this brings huge challenge to entire cordless communication network.
With being on the increase for wireless broadband business demand, mobile operator needs to be continuously increased bandwidth of air-interface and base station number
Amount, the problems of energy consumption of the Radio Access Network thus brought become getting worse, and energy-saving and emission-reduction are extremely urgent.According to system
Meter, energy consumption caused by base station site account for 70 or more the percent of total energy consumption, therefore are only improved access net efficiency and can be only achieved
Reduce the purpose that energy consumption improves capacity.
Extensive antenna technology, i.e., in the extensive multiple antennas of base station deployment（Such as dispose 128 antennas）, utilize algorithms of different
It adjusts the signal amplitude and phase in different antennae, carries out wave beam forming, the access of large capacity and low energy consumption is provided for network.
The value of the technology gets the nod in wireless communication field very early, it not only can effectively promote the spectrum efficiency of network, also
Bandwidth and power will not be improved.
Research shows that with the increase of number of antennas, system energy efficiency increases.But in actual antennas battle array, exist between antenna
Electromagnetic coupling effect.As shown in Figure 1, first antenna A and the second antenna B are adjacent, the changing currents with time on first antenna A generates time-varying
Electromagnetic field, the electromagnetic fiele will be coupled on the second antenna B, form inductive coupling electric current, the current direction such as second day
Shown in line B upward arrows.Found by emulating, when number of antennas increase to a certain extent after, such as when increasing to 50 or more,
Power system capacity is limited to the coupling between antenna element.
And the coupling between antenna element is all solved by increasing the distance between antenna element at present.And the same day
When linear array is very more, this scheme for solving the coupling between antenna element will greatly increase the volume of antenna.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention implements to be that example is designed to provide a kind of array antenna, which can be only
Under the premise of more increase antenna system volumes, the coupling effect between antenna is effectively reduced.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
One side according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of array antenna, including mutiple antennas a period of time, the battle array
Array antenna further includes：At least one blocker unit being set between adjacent first antenna a period of time and the second antenna element is used
In generating the second induced current in second antenna element using the first induced current, at least partly to offset described second
Third induced current in antenna element；First induced current is the signal code coupling transmitted on described first antenna a period of time
The induced current generated after the blocker unit is closed, the third induced current is the letter transmitted on described first antenna a period of time
The induced current generated after number current coupling to second antenna element.
Preferably, second induced current is identical with third induced current size, direction is opposite.
Optionally, it is both provided with the blocker unit between the adjacent antenna element of any two.
Preferably, the length of the blocker unit in a quarter between a wavelength.
Optionally, the antenna element is unbalanced antennas a period of time, is spaced between the blocker unit and antenna ground certain
Distance.
Optionally, the antenna element is balancing antenna a period of time, and a narrow slit structure is provided in the blocker unit.
More preferably, in some embodiments of the present invention, further include：Corresponding to antenna element setting signal acquisition link,
It is electrically connected with corresponding blocker unit, the signal for acquiring in antenna element is coupled to the first coupling in the blocker unit
Induced current is calibrated for array antenna downlink, and to the blocker unit output drive signal so that pumping signal couples
The second inductive coupling electric current for the calibration of array antenna uplink is generated to the antenna element.
Preferably, the signal acquisition link is the receiving-transmitting chain of corresponding antenna element.
Optionally, the antenna element is unbalanced antennas a period of time, is spaced between the blocker unit and antenna ground certain
Distance.
Optionally, the antenna element is balancing antenna a period of time, and a narrow slit structure is provided in the blocker unit.
Preferably, the blocker unit is the narrowband device relative to directional coupler.
Preferably, the blocker unit works on the isolation frequency point of first antenna a period of time and the second antenna element.
From the above it can be seen that the array antenna that the present invention and embodiment are provided, two antenna element it
Between blocker unit is set, be coupled to the first induced current in the blocker unit using the signal code transmitted in first antenna,
The second induced current is generated in the second antenna element, is further offset with second induced current and is transmitted on first antenna a period of time
The third induced current generated on the current coupling of signal to the second antenna element, to effectively reduce the coupling between antenna element
It is right, the spacing between extensive antenna element is reduced, the area of entire array antenna is reduced, improves power system capacity.
In addition, being additionally provided with signal acquisition link in the embodiment of the present invention, can acquire between isolated location and antenna element
Couple current, so as to realize the calibration to array antenna.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification
It obtains it is clear that understand through the implementation of the invention.The purpose of the present invention and other advantages can be by the explanations write
Specifically noted structure is realized and is obtained in book, claims and attached drawing.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and a part for constitution instruction, is implemented with the present invention
Example is used to explain the present invention together, not be construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Coupling effect schematic diagrames of the Fig. 1 between antenna element in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is that antenna calibration is electrically connected schematic diagram in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is that the array antenna provided by one embodiment of the present invention comprising a pair of of antenna element and a blocker unit exists
The last separation structure schematic diagram of overlook direction；
Fig. 4 is that the array antenna of Fig. 3 adds the array antenna structure schematic diagram after blocker unit；
Fig. 5 be another embodiment of the present invention provide include a pair of of antenna element and a blocker unit array day
Line structural schematic diagram in overlook direction；
Blocker unit and the antenna that Fig. 6 is Fig. 5 ground schematic diagram on left view direction in the assembled state；
Fig. 7 is increased signal acquisition link and antenna element and blocker unit when blocker unit is multiplexed as antenna calibration
Connection relationship diagram.
Specific implementation mode
In order to provide effective implementation, an embodiment of the present invention provides following embodiments, attached below in conjunction with specification
Figure illustrates the embodiment of the present invention.
Array antenna according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention, including mutiple antennas a period of time further include：It is at least one be set to it is adjacent
First antenna a period of time and the second antenna element between blocker unit, for using the first induced current in second antenna
The second induced current is generated on a period of time, at least partly to offset the third induced current in second antenna element；
Above-mentioned first induced current is that the signal code transmitted on described first antenna a period of time is coupled to the blocker unit
The induced current generated afterwards, above-mentioned third induced current are described in the signal code transmitted on described first antenna a period of time is coupled to
The induced current generated after second antenna element.
Specifically, first antenna a period of time and the second antenna element may include coil antenna, inverted-F antenna, band antenna,
Planar inverted F-antenna, slot antenna, chamber type antenna, unipole antenna, dipole antenna, paster antenna, microstrip antenna etc..
In the specific embodiment of the invention, by the way that a blocker unit is arranged, to realize two secondary couplings, and then pass through two secondary couplings
Induced current on to antenna element offsets the induced current generated by the secondary coupling between antenna element in antenna element,
So as to effectively reduce the degree of coupling between antenna element, and then extensive day is reduced in the case where meeting the degree of coupling and requiring
Spacing between linear array reduces the area of entire array antenna.
The array antenna structure that one embodiment of the present of invention is provided is as shown in figure 3, it includes a pair of of antenna to illustrate
A part of structure of the array antenna of a period of time and a blocker unit in overlook direction.As shown in figure 3, the array antenna packet
It includes：First antenna a period of time 301, the second antenna element 302, blocker unit 303.In arrangement shown in Fig. 3, blocker unit 303
It is set between first antenna a period of time 301 and the second antenna element 302.
There are changing currents with time I on first antenna a period of time 301excitedIn the case of, according to faraday electromagnetic induction theorem
And Ampere theorem, changing electric field will produce magnetic field, variation magnetic field will produce electric field, and the electric current on first antenna a period of time 301 is by coupling
It closes in blocker unit 303, forms the first induced current Iparasitic。
At the both ends of the second antenna element 302, the electric field changed on first antenna a period of time 301 causes to generate third induced electricity
Flow Idirect.And by the first induced current I in parasitic elementparasiticAlso it can be coupled to the centre position of antenna B, form the second sense
Induced current Icancel, the current direction on three is as shown in Figure 3.Due to IcancelAnd IdirectDirection on the contrary, thus this two-way incude
Electric current can at least partly be offset, so as to effectively reduce the coupling between first antenna a period of time 301 and the second antenna element 302
Effect.
In practical situations, blocker unit 303 itself can be to the changing currents with time I on first antenna a period of time 301excitedIt is produced
Raw variation magnetic field is stopped, the first couple current I generated in the second antenna element 302 is causedparasiticLess than not setting
Generated induced current in second antenna element 302 when setting blocker unit 303.Thus blocker unit 303 is inherently to the
Coupling effect between one antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 plays abated effect.
In embodiment shown in Fig. 3, antenna element uses balancing antenna a period of time；Blocker unit can also be applied to have non-
The array antenna in balancing antenna a period of time, specifically, blocker unit is set between first antenna a period of time and the second antenna element,
The coupling effect between two antenna element is reduced by same principle.
As shown in figure 5, its first antenna a period of time 501 and the antenna element that the second antenna element 502 is microstrip antenna, barrier
Unit 503 is set between first antenna a period of time 501 and the second antenna element 502.The array antenna coupling isolation of the structure is former
The embodiment of reason as shown in figure 3 is identical, is not repeated to describe herein.
When antenna element is using other unbalanced antennas other than microstrip antenna, the set-up mode of blocker unit with
Fig. 3 or Fig. 5 are identical.
The shape of blocker unit, may be used it is I-shaped shown in Fig. 3, can also use Fig. 5 shown in bar shaped.
The design of specific shape and position can be obtained by emulation or actual experiment.
With reference to Fig. 3, as the second induced current IcancelWith third induced current IdirectFor direction is opposite, electricity of arbitrary size
It, therebetween at least can be with partial offset, to play the role of reduction to coupling effect when stream.Under the best circumstances, second
Induced current IcancelWith third induced current IdirectAnswer that equal in magnitude, direction is opposite.
In the preferred embodiment, with reference to Fig. 3, the design of parasitic element 303 is adjusted, then can be met and be coupled to antenna B and power on
Flow IdirectAnd IcancelIt cancels out each other completely, meets couple current Icoupled=Idirect+Icancel=0, that is to say, that IdirectWith
IcancelEqual in magnitude, direction is opposite.In this way, parasitic element can be to the isolation highest between antenna element.
With reference to Fig. 3, in certain embodiments, in order to improve the second induced current IcancelWith third induced current
IdirectBetween the effect cancelled out each other, blocker unit 303 can be designed, it is made to work in first antenna a period of time 301 and
On the isolation frequency point of two antenna element 302.The isolation frequency point can be one, two or more isolation frequency points.
In a preferred embodiment, blocker unit uses tunable parasitic element.
In the ideal case, the length of blocker unit in a quarter between a wavelength.For example, the length of blocker unit
Degree can be quarter-wave, can also be half wavelength, can also be a wavelength.
When setting can play certain reduction coupling effect and reduce array day there are one when blocker unit in array antenna
The effect of line volume；But when there are when mutiple antennas a period of time, a blocker unit, the drop played is only arranged in array antenna
Low coupling effect, the effect for reducing array antenna volume are limited.Thus, in the preferred embodiment, array antenna should be arranged more
A isolated location, to promote the effect that coupling effect reduces and volume reduces.
For example, embodiment shown in Fig. 4 adds a blocker unit 303 on the basis of Fig. 3.With reference to Fig. 4, setting gradually
First antenna a period of time 301, the second antenna element 302, between third antenna a period of time 303, setting is there are two blocker unit 303：
That is, between adjacent first antenna a period of time 301 and the second antenna element 302, there are one blocker units 303 for setting；Also, it is adjacent
The second antenna element 302 and between third antenna a period of time 304, be additionally provided with another blocker unit 303.
Similarly, when array antenna is equipped with more antennas a period of time, between antenna element, more barriers can also be set
Unit.
In a kind of most preferred embodiment, barrier list is both provided in array antenna between the adjacent antenna element of any two
Member.
When needed, multiple blocker units can also be set between two adjacent antenna element, this multiple resistance
It is set gradually along antenna element every unit.
In addition to coupling effect reduces this problem, in array antenna system, to ensure the accuracy of beam shaping, need
To each radio-frequency channel in day into the calibration of line amplitude and phase.Especially in extensive antenna system（Such as 128 antennas）, wave beam
Width is very narrow, thus calibration is even more important.
A kind of calibration program in the prior art is as shown in Figure 2.By 8 single-row antennas 201 inside an antenna house, often
There are one the identical directional couplers 203 of the degree of coupling at the input/output port interface 202 of a antenna, form one block of coupling network plate
Card.All directional couplers 203 are pooled to calibration interface 205 by combiner 204, feed back to RRU (Remote Radio Unit,
Radio Remote Unit) feedback channel, combiner 204 further includes multiple power distribution synthesizers 2041.In extensive battle array
In array antenna, according to the calibration program of the prior art, then the directional couple that substantial amounts are set between antenna element is needed
Device will necessarily increase calibration cost in this way.
In the calibration program of existing 8 antenna system, on one piece of pcb board, Project Realization has no for 8 directional coupler processing
Difficulty.And in following extensive antenna system（Such as 128 antennas）, calibration accuracy requirement is very high, such as still uses directional couple
Device is calibrated, and coupler quantity is big, is integrated on one piece of board, and calibration board is huge, and so huge calibration plate will be deposited
In amplitude-phase discreteness, calibration accuracy is had an impact.
Existing calibration program there is a further problem extensive antenna system：8 directional couples of 8 antenna systems
Device is processed on one piece of pcb board, and Project Realization has no difficulty；And in following extensive antenna system（Such as 128 antennas）, school
Quasi- required precision is very high, such as still directional coupler is used to calibrate, and coupler quantity is big, is integrated on one piece of board, calibrates board
It is huge, and so huge calibration plate will have amplitude-phase discreteness, be had an impact to calibration accuracy.
To solve above-mentioned calibration problem existing in the prior art, array antenna of the embodiment of the present invention also further utilizes it
Blocker unit is calibrated.Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, respective antenna a period of time setting signal acquires link, the signal acquisition link
It is electrically connected with corresponding blocker unit, the signal for acquiring in antenna element is coupled to the first coupling in the blocker unit
Induced current is calibrated for array antenna downlink, and to the blocker unit output drive signal so that pumping signal couples
The second inductive coupling electric current for the calibration of array antenna uplink is generated to the antenna element.
This scheme makes blocker unit on the basis of reducing coupling effect but also with the function of realizing calibration, thus
Reduce the cost of calibration.
By above-mentioned signal acquisition link, it can be achieved that the uplink calibration of array antenna, i.e., the feelings being energized in blocker unit
Under condition, coupling current signals amplitude and the phase being coupled in each antenna element are measured, by collected couple current
Signal is compared, calculates, integrates, and realizes calibration.
The scheme provided through the embodiment of the present invention, each blocker unit in array antenna and signal acquisition link phase
Even, all blocker units and signal acquisition link form calibration network, which reduces big degree, therefore
While reducing cost, calibration accuracy is also improved.
Further, the signal acquisition link can be special setting, a signal for acquiring the couple current
Link is acquired, can also be the receiving-transmitting chain in respective antenna a period of time in aerial array.When signal acquisition link uses aerial array
When the receiving-transmitting chain in middle respective antenna a period of time, compared to the scheme that signal acquisition link is separately provided, cost will further reduce.
Further include downlink calibration in calibration process, downlink calibration needed in first antenna a period of time and the second antenna element work
In the case of work, coupling current signals amplitude and the phase being coupled in blocker unit are measured；When aerial array includes more
When antenna element, and so on, each antenna element successively works in aerial array, measures parasitic element coupling respectively
Couple current current signal amplitude and phase.And all coupling current signals measured are compared, it calculates, it is comprehensive,
Realize calibration.
In order to realize above-mentioned uplink calibration, following scheme can be used.
When antenna element is balancing antenna a period of time, with reference to Fig. 3, first antenna a period of time 301 and the second antenna element 302
A slit is provided in blocker unit 303, in this case for realizing coupling for dipole or balancing antenna a period of time
The measurement of electric current.
It is further preferred that the slit in blocker unit 303 is set to 303 middle part of blocker unit.
Further, the slit in the blocker unit is straight slit.In case of need, which can also be
Curvilinear slits.
Further, blocker unit 303 may include the identical T shapes conductive component of one, two or more size,
In, the T shapes bottom end of two T shape conductive components is oppositely arranged, and is separated by shorter distance therebetween and is formed slit.
When antenna element is unbalanced antennas a period of time, referring to figure 5 and figure 6, in blocker unit 503 and antenna 504 it
Between, it is provided with a gap 505.By blocker unit 503 and antenna produced by the spacing between 504, signal is adopted in the gap 505
Collection link can measure the sensor current signal that the coupling of first antenna a period of time 501 generates by gap 505；With measurement result come
Realize calibration.
The shape that Fig. 6 also illustrates 503 left view direction of blocker unit is T shapes.The shape is that blocker unit is preferably a kind of
Design shape.
Further, blocker unit is using the narrowband device relative to directional coupler, such as parasitic element.To further
Improve calibration accuracy.
From the above it can be seen that the present invention provides a kind of aerial array, including mutiple antennas a period of time, in antenna array
Blocker unit is set between son, can effectively reduce the degree of coupling between antenna element, reduce between extensive antenna element
Spacing reduces antenna area, improves power system capacity.In addition, the embodiment of the present invention adds signal acquisition link, it can be in array antenna
Middle formation calibration network.The receiving-transmitting chain in respective antenna a period of time can be used in the signal acquisition link, and two purposes of a device have
Conducive to reduction cost.Further, parasitic element used by the blocker unit in the preferred embodiment of the present invention is compared to existing school
Directional coupler in pseudo-crystalline lattice, belongs to narrowband device, to its calibration accuracy higher.In conclusion battle array provided by the invention
Array antenna advantageously reduces the energy consumption of base station, and avoids excessively increasing the volume of array antenna simultaneously.
It should be appreciated that multiple embodiments described in this specification are merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, it is not used to limit
The fixed present invention.And in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
God and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of array antenna, including mutiple antennas a period of time, which is characterized in that the array antenna further includes：
At least one blocker unit being set between adjacent first antenna a period of time and the second antenna element, for utilizing first
Induced current generates the second induced current in second antenna element, at least partly to offset in second antenna element
Third induced current；
First induced current is to be produced after the signal code transmitted on described first antenna a period of time is coupled to the blocker unit
Raw induced current, the third induced current are that the signal code transmitted on described first antenna a period of time is coupled to described second
The induced current generated after antenna element；
Signal acquisition link corresponding to antenna element setting and the electrical connection of corresponding blocker unit, for acquiring antenna element
On signal be coupled to the first inductive coupling electric current in the blocker unit, calibrated for array antenna downlink, and to institute
State blocker unit output drive signal so that pumping signal is coupled to the antenna element and generates for the calibration of array antenna uplink
The second inductive coupling electric current.
2. array antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that second induced current and third induced current are big
Small identical, direction is opposite.
3. array antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be both provided between the adjacent antenna element of any two
The blocker unit.
4. array antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the length of the blocker unit is in a quarter to one
Between a wavelength.
5. array antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the signal acquisition link is corresponding antenna element
Receiving-transmitting chain.
6. array antenna according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that the antenna element is unbalanced antennas a period of time,
It is spaced apart between the blocker unit and antenna ground.
7. array antenna according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that the antenna element is balancing antenna a period of time, institute
It states and is provided with a narrow slit structure in blocker unit.
8. array antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the blocker unit is parasitic element.
9. array antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the blocker unit work in first antenna a period of time and
On the isolation frequency point of second antenna element.
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| CN201410134061.7A CN104979635B (en) | 2014-04-03 | 2014-04-03 | A kind of array antenna |
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| CN201410134061.7A CN104979635B (en) | 2014-04-03 | 2014-04-03 | A kind of array antenna |
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| CN106571526A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2017-04-19 | 昆山睿翔讯通通信技术有限公司 | Decoupling method and decoupling network of MIMO antenna of mobile communication system terminal |
| JP6704169B2 (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2020-06-03 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Dielectric substrate and antenna device |
| EP3618190B1 (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2023-06-21 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Antenna |
| CN111313155B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-11-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and communication apparatus |
| CN113517557B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2023-04-28 | 华为技术有限公司 | Electronic equipment |
| WO2022051906A1 (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2022-03-17 | 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 | Decoupling element and antenna |
| CN112821031B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2024-01-02 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Electronic equipment |
| EP4167378A1 (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-04-19 | Sagemcom Broadband Sas | Insulated radio frequency antenna device |
| CN116264350A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-06-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and electronic device |
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| CN101821902A (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2010-09-01 | 香港应用科技研究院有限公司 | Systems and methods employing coupling elements to increase antenna isolation |
| EP2683027A1 (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-01-08 | BlackBerry Limited | Methods and apparatus to control mutual coupling between antennas |
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| US7629930B2 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2009-12-08 | Hong Kong Applied Science And Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Systems and methods using ground plane filters for device isolation |
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| CN101821902A (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2010-09-01 | 香港应用科技研究院有限公司 | Systems and methods employing coupling elements to increase antenna isolation |
| EP2683027A1 (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-01-08 | BlackBerry Limited | Methods and apparatus to control mutual coupling between antennas |
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