CN104977217A - Three-axis tensile tester for soil body - Google Patents
Three-axis tensile tester for soil body Download PDFInfo
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- CN104977217A CN104977217A CN201510418335.XA CN201510418335A CN104977217A CN 104977217 A CN104977217 A CN 104977217A CN 201510418335 A CN201510418335 A CN 201510418335A CN 104977217 A CN104977217 A CN 104977217A
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-axis tensile tester for a soil body. A sample three-axis tensile linking device is formed in a space formed by horizontally loaded fixing frames, an operation platform and a top plate, and is provided with eight sample force dragging plates adhered to each side of a cube-shaped sample, wherein each sample force dragging plate is connected with a loading shaft through a dynamometer, the loading shafts are connected with a stretching device. The three-axis tensile tester is further provided with a photoelectric displacement sensor for detecting movement of each sample force dragging plate; the photoelectric displacement sensor, the dynamometers and the stretching device are respectively connected with a signal converter connected with a computer. By virtue of the technical scheme, a feasible tester is provided, and is used for testing the strength characteristics and creep characteristics of the cube-shaped sample under three-axis tensile condition, the testing accuracy and the testing success ratio are high, the practicability is high, and the three-axis tensile tester has the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in operate, stability in control, reliable data, safety, economical efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Geotechnical Engineering testing apparatus technical field, relate to a kind of test unit tested for geotechnique's indoor soil body three axle tensile strength characteristics and creep properties, specifically a kind of soil body triaxial extension test instrument.
Background technology
In many engineering problems, the soil body can ftracture, and these cracks are often because the fail in tension of the soil body causes.All there is cracking phenomena in the cohesive soil in addition after many retaining walls and cohesive soil slope slide mass, although most of soil body unit there occurs shear failure in this case, but also there is part soil unit to be in fail in tension, and this stretching directly results in soil-body landslide, and drawing crack seam is generally open fracture, endangers larger.The tensile characteristics of visible soil affects very large on earth structure and slope stability.In recent years, along with the fast development of economy, highway, airport, building of high earth and rockfill dam are surging forward, and the earth structure producing crack increases gradually, in the research producing cause in these cracks and the design of crack treatment scheme, the correct measurement of the tensile characteristics of soil is seemed even more important.Therefore be familiar with and measure the soil body three axle tensile strength characteristics and creep properties tool is of great significance.
Device for the test of soil body tensile strength has uniaxial direct tensile instrument and indirect tensilometer two kinds, is divided into uniaxial tension instrument and three axle tensilometers according to the different uniaxial direct tensile instrument of principle.Uniaxial direct tensile instrument simple to operate, but test specimen need be fixed by special method, as mechanical clamp method, macromolecular material mull technique, freezing etc., in test, easily produce wobbler action power and the stress concentration phenomenon near test specimen two ends.Sample is not easily installed simultaneously, and the impact of process of the test human factor is larger.Indirect Tensile Tests device comprises native beam deflection tensilometer, radial and axial pressure break instrument.In indirect tensilometer, the stress of sample does not have the stress of sample in direct tensile test clear and definite.But it is easier that its advantage is process of the test, the tensile strength provided is also reliable; Shortcoming is that the precision comparison of stress-strain curve is low.
In many Geotechnical Engineerings, can ftracture in soil body load-bearing process, these cracks are caused by the fail in tension of the soil body.Therefore, the long-term tensile creep of the soil body and shear creep intensity affect very large on earth structure and slope stability.
Creep test at present about the soil body is mainly divided into the two large research topics such as microcosmic and macroscopic view, wherein the research of microcreep test is to observe micro-microscopical structure of the soil body by means of optical microscope or scanning electron microscope, the creep properties of the soil body is explained by fine sight mechanism, but can only accomplish qualitative explanation at present, quantitative description also has certain difficulty.
Macro-creep test is divided into in-situ creep test and indoor creep test, is by means of test apparatus, and by a series of test procedure, the relation of the stress-strain-time of the research soil body, obtains the Creep Mechanics characteristic of the soil body.
In-situ creep test is to on-the-spot rock soil medium testing of materials creep, as the displacement etc. of side slope, in-situ creep test result can reflect the impact of the features such as structural, the crack of rock-soil material preferably, and the instrument carrying out in-situ creep test mainly contains bearing plate instrument, large direct shear apparatus, convergence instrument, hole multipoint displacement meter of standing, tiltmeter, degree of disturbing meter etc.Although in-situ creep test has the simple feature of instrument, but it is large, the consuming time length of its on-the-spot test expense, also large by external interference, especially cannot the stress state of the ACTIVE CONTROL soil body, stress path and test boundary condition, fieldtesting results is affected.
Indoor creep test is, in testing laboratory, creepmeter carries out corresponding Creep Mechanics characteristic test to ground sample.Indoor creep test can the condition such as proof stress, strain, draining, and in-situ creep test is then difficult to control these conditions, thus only has indoor creep test could carry out the research of complex characteristics to the soil body.Shop experiment can the condition such as strict Control experiment stress, strain, draining, favorable repeatability, not by advantages such as external interference, cost are relatively less, therefore be subject to the attention of numerous researchers.These creep equipment existing also exist the series of problems such as instrumental function is single, proof stress path is too simple, manual grading skill loads, experimental test reading mode is lack of standardization.
Summary of the invention
The problems such as the instrumental function that the object of the invention is to exist for the existing soil body three axle stretcher is single, range is limited, test operation is too complicated, and in order to overcome the defect larger on test findings impact of the human factor such as manual grading skill Loading Control and artificial reading measurement in test in the past, provide a kind of computer-controlled full-automatic a kind of soil body triaxial extension test instrument.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of soil body triaxial extension test instrument, comprise operation cabinet, described operation cashier's office in a shop portion is provided with operating platform, operating platform is vertically fixed with multiple three axle tension testing machine columns, the top of three axle tension testing machine columns is fixed with top board, is fixed with 4 horizontal addload facility fixed mounts be uniformly distributed circumferentially around operating platform center between operating platform and top board; The middle part of described horizontal addload facility fixed mount, operating platform and top board is equipped with through hole, and each through hole is equipped with electrically driven (operated) stretching device; Sample three axle drawing chain connection device is provided with in the space that horizontal addload facility fixed mount, operating platform and top board surround, this sample three axle drawing chain connection device is provided with 8 sample towing tension plates mutually bonding with each of cuboid sample, each sample towing tension plate is relative with a through hole, each sample towing tension plate is connected with loading axle respectively by dynamometer, loads axle and is connected through through hole and stretching device; Each through hole and sample towing tension plate adjacent side place are also provided with the photoelectric displacement sensor detecting the sample towing tension plate movement relative with this through hole; Described photoelectricity displacement sensor, dynamometer and stretching device are connected with the signal converter being connected computing machine respectively.
Above-mentioned stretching device is specially one end and is fixed on the loading shaft sleeve communicated on through hole and with through hole, and this loading shaft sleeve is fixed with the loading motor of band handwheel, this loading motor passes through gear couplings respectively with through the loading axle loading shaft sleeve, and described loading motor is electrically connected with signal converter.
Above-mentioned dynamometry counts S type dynamometer.
Four angles, bottom place of aforesaid operations cabinet is respectively provided with the wheel of a band auto-lock function.
The concrete structure of said sample three axle drawing chain connection device to be fixed together as rib by four sample protection framves, one, four sample protection framves two and four sample protection framves three and to form its inner sample protection cube support body placing cuboid sample, each face of described cuboid sample is mutually bonding with a sample towing tension plate respectively by AB glue, and eight angles of described sample protection cube support body are also fixed with sample protection frame angle; Described sample towing tension plate by dynamometer and the concrete connected mode loading axle is: the center of sample towing tension plate is provided with the shallow screw of force application board, the shallow screw of force application board has been threaded force application board active joint, force application board active joint is connected with transmission rod by bearing, the outer wall of its centre bearer is fixedly connected with the groove inner wall set by the termination of force application board active joint, and the inwall of bearing is fixedly connected with the termination of transmission rod; Described transmission rod is connected with loading axle by S type dynamometer.
Above-mentioned signal converter is fixed on operation cashier's office in a shop.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention may be used for measuring cube soil sample and is in strength characteristics under three axle stretching conditions and creep properties.Soil body sample is in the mensuration of strength characteristics under three axle stretching conditions and creep properties, provides a kind of feasible test apparatus, and test accuracy rate and success ratio is higher, there is larger practicality; By Electronic control loading speed, digital display sensor and digital displaying meter acquisition test data, have structure simple, easy to operate, control the features such as stable, data reliable, safety economy, thus define certain scale, control performance is stable, working specification, measure easily, be applicable to the formal product that soil body sample is in test unit that strength characteristics under three axle stretching conditions and creep properties measure, sizing.
Advantage imbody of the present invention is as follows:
(1) the present invention adopts multiple controllable motor to drive, achieve control performance stable, the technical measures of working specification.The present invention is solving the Non-follow control of testing equipment employing in the past simultaneously, achieve Motor Control and signal robotization regulates deixis, pulling force can be applied by controllable motor, effectively can reduce the error of test data produced because human factor causes when testing, making performance of the present invention all be better than the correlation test equipment of function singleness in the past with operation.
(2) the present invention adopts motor to load and data acquisition system (DAS), achieves measurement data and automatically gathers, and makes data acquisition convenient and reliable, and feedback regulation can load dynamics size and speed.The test of the multiple physical quantitys such as pulling force involved in the present invention, axial deformation, all have employed corresponding sensor and computer data acquisition, in data acquisition, reduce the error of artificial reading, and can real time record storage be carried out, the convenient continuous acquisition for data and process, in the reliability of data, had significant raising.
(3) the present invention adopts detachable cage unitized construction sample protection device; significant change has been had in soil body sample installation; provide a kind of feasible installation method; effectively improve the steadiness that sample force application board is bonding with sample; and when sample is fit in triaxial extension test instrument; operation interference can be reduced, sample is played a protective role.
(4) the present invention adopts computer disposal acquisition process data to be keys of test figure automatic business processing, while image data, can carry out Data Management Analysis, significantly improve test efficiency; The advantage of this embodiment is to solve well the synchronism of collection three of the operation of force application apparatus, the control of sensor and data, improves the reliability of test figure significantly.
(5) the present invention adopts signal converter conveniently can carry out electric signal and digital signal is changed, and effectively ensure that the normal work of control instrument.The signal converter that the present invention adopts, can be digital signal by transform electrical signals, facilitate computer disposal, also the digital signal of computing machine transmission can be converted to electric signal, can the closedown of loading motor of control cincture handwheel, startup and rotation direction; Signal converter of the present invention, can process the signal that photoelectric displacement sensor and S type dynamometer transmit, transfers to computing machine to carry out displacement and power process, and by the corresponding chart of computer drawing.
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further details.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is sample protection frame block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is sample protection frame angle of the present invention and sample protection frame nut schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is sample force application board schematic three dimensional views of the present invention and longitudinal profile schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the assembled schematic diagram of sample protection frame base of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that sample of the present invention is arranged on schematic diagram on sample protection frame base.
Fig. 6 is sample protection frame installation schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is sample force application board installation schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is sample protection frame angle installation schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is protected sample schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 10 is sample three axle drawing chain connection device structural representation of the present invention.
Figure 11 is triaxial extension test instrument right section structural representation of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. sample protection frame one; 2. sample protection frame one screw; 3. sample protection frame two; 4. sample protection frame two screw; 5. sample protection frame three; 6. sample protection frame three screw rod; 7. sample protection frame angle; 8. sample protection frame angle screw; 9. sample protection frame nut; 10. cuboid sample; 11. sample force application boards; The shallow screw of 12. force application board; 13. force application board active joints; 14. bearings; 15. transmission rods; 16. dynamometers; 17. load axle; 18. wheels; 19. operation cabinets; 20. operating platforms; 21. 3 axle tension testing machine columns; 22. top boards; 23. horizontal addload facility fixed mounts; 24. set bolts; 25. load shaft sleeve; 26. loading motors; 27. photoelectric displacement sensors; 28. power supply and signal-transmitting cables; 29. signal converters; 30. power supply and signal transmission interfaces; 31. supply lines; 32. power supplys; 33. signal transmission cables; 34. computing machines.
Embodiment
As shown in drawings, the invention provides a kind of soil body triaxial extension test instrument, comprise operation cabinet 19, operation cabinet 19 top is provided with operating platform 20, and operation cabinet 19 mainly plays the effect of support operation platform 20, and operating platform 20 mainly plays support platform effect.Operating platform 20 is vertically fixed with multiple three axle tension testing machine columns 21, the top of three axle tension testing machine columns 21 is fixed with top board 22, three axle tension testing machine columns 21 mainly play and are fixedly connected with operating platform 20 and the effect of top board 22, make the space between them can install the main part of sample stretching device.Be fixed with 4 horizontal addload facility fixed mounts 23 be uniformly distributed circumferentially around operating platform 20 center between operating platform 20 and top board 22, namely these 4 horizontal addload facility fixed mounts 23 two are one group, often organize and are oppositely arranged between two.The middle part of fixed mount 23, operating platform 20 and top board 22 is equipped with through hole, and each through hole is equipped with electrically driven (operated) stretching device; Sample three axle drawing chain connection device is provided with in the space that horizontal addload facility fixed mount 23, operating platform 20 and top board 22 surround, this sample three axle drawing chain connection device is provided with 8 sample towing tension plates 11 mutually bonding with each of cuboid sample 10, each sample towing tension plate 11 is relative with a through hole, each sample towing tension plate 11 is connected with loading axle 17 respectively by dynamometer 16, load axle 17 to be connected through through hole and stretching device, loading axle 17 is a rigid rodlike body; Sample towing tension plate 11 is rigid plate-like body.Wherein dynamometer 16 is S type dynamometer; Each through hole and sample towing tension plate 11 adjacent side place are also provided with the photoelectric displacement sensor 27 detecting sample towing tension plate 11 movement relative with this through hole; Described photoelectricity displacement sensor 27, dynamometer 16 and stretching device are connected with the signal converter 29 being connected computing machine 34 respectively.Wherein stretching device is specially one end and is fixed on the loading shaft sleeve 25 communicated on through hole and with through hole, wherein loading shaft sleeve 25 is rigid cylindrical structure, and this loading shaft sleeve 25 is fixed with the loading motor 26 of band handwheel, this loading motor 26 passes through gear couplings respectively with through the loading axle 17 loading shaft sleeve 25, and described loading motor 26 is electrically connected with signal converter 29.Wherein the concrete structure of sample three axle drawing chain connection device to be fixed together as rib by four sample protection framves, one 1, four sample protection framves 23 and four sample protection framves 35 and to form its inner sample protection cube support body placing cuboid sample 10, each face of described cuboid sample 10 is mutually bonding with a sample towing tension plate 11 respectively by AB glue, and eight angles of described sample protection cube support body are also fixed with sample protection frame angle 7; Described sample towing tension plate 11 by dynamometer 16 and the concrete connected mode loading axle 17 is: the center of sample towing tension plate 11 is provided with the shallow screw 12 of force application board, the shallow screw 12 of force application board has been threaded force application board active joint 13, force application board active joint 13 is connected with transmission rod 15 by bearing 14, the outer wall of its centre bearer 14 is fixedly connected with the groove inner wall set by the termination of force application board active joint 13, and the inwall of bearing 14 is fixedly connected with the termination of transmission rod 15; Described transmission rod 15 is connected with loading axle 17 by S type dynamometer.
part I: general technical embodiment
(1)adopt vertical loading bearing mode, adopt controllable motor to drive, achieve control performance stable, the technical measures of working specification;
(2)adopt motor to load and data acquisition system (DAS), achieve measurement data and automatically gather, make data acquisition convenient and reliable, and feedback regulation can load dynamics size and speed;
(3)adopt detachable cage unitized construction sample protection device, bonding to sample force application board and sample, play protection and fixation, when sample is fit in triaxial extension test instrument, operation interference can be reduced, sample is played a protective role;
(4)adopt computer disposal acquisition process data, while image data, Data Management Analysis can be carried out, improve test efficiency;
(5)adopt signal converter conveniently can carry out electric signal and digital signal is changed, effectively ensure that can the normal work of control instrument accurately.
part II: the assembling mode of testing equipment
The present invention includes sample dress sample protective device, three axle tensile loads system and data acquisition system (DAS)s.Sample dress sample protective device comprises sample protection frame one, sample protection frame two, sample protection frame three, sample protection frame angle, sample protection frame nut and sample force application board; mainly play and reduce the sample Human disturbance suffered when being fit in triaxial extension test instrument; be conducive to sample force application board and sample cementing, facilitate sample to be successfully fit in triaxial extension test instrument.Three axle tensile loads systems mainly comprise force application board active joint, bearing, transmission rod, S type dynamometer, load axle, three axle tension testing machine columns, horizontal addload facility fixed mount, load shaft sleeve and loading motor, are convenient to controllablely carry out triaxial extension test to sample; Wherein sample dress sample protective device realizes cuboid sample normal mounting, is test the basis that can normally carry out; Three axle tensile loads systems are the guarantees realizing cuboid sample triaxial extension test, are convenient to controllablely carry out triaxial extension test to sample.Data acquisition system (DAS) mainly comprises photoelectric displacement sensor, power supply and signal-transmitting cable, signal converter, power and power and signal transmission interface, supply lines, power supply, signal transmission cable and computing machine, the acquisition and processing of data is provided and reliably supports, integrated management power supply and data, facilitate real-time regulating and controlling three axle tensile loads system, be of value to test to carry out smoothly and the error reducing test figure, improve the reliability of test figure, achieve full automatic treatment test figure, effectively shorten data processing time, improve data-handling efficiency, data acquisition system (DAS) automatically controls the output of signal input and sensor measurement signal, is the key realizing automation equipment control, measurement, data processing.
Fig. 1 is sample protection frame block diagram of the present invention.Fig. 2 is sample protection frame angle of the present invention and sample protection frame nut schematic diagram.Fig. 3 is sample force application board schematic three dimensional views of the present invention and longitudinal profile schematic diagram.Fig. 9 is protected sample schematic diagram of the present invention.Its assemble sequence is: the inwall wrapping up four sample protection framves, one 1, four sample protection framves 23 and four sample protection framves 35 with preservative film successively; Two sample protection framves 1 and two sample protection framves 23 are combined into structure as shown in Figure 4, and sample protection frame one screw 2 is alignd with sample protection frame two screw 4; Put into cuboid sample 10, as shown in Figure 5; Insert four sample protection framves 35, buckle into two sample protection framves 23 and two sample protection framves 1 successively on top, as shown in Figure 6; AB glue is smeared respectively at sample force application board 11 and the surface of contact of soil body cuboid sample 10, and successively by bonding with cuboid sample 10 for 6 pieces of sample force application boards 11, as shown in Figure 7; 8 sample protection frame angles 7 are buckled on sample protection frame three screw rod 6 successively, and fixes with 8 sample protection frame nuts 9, as shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, (as shown in Figure 2, sample protection frame angle 7 has sample protection frame angle screw 8).
Figure 10 is sample three axle drawing chain connection device structural representation of the present invention.Its assemble sequence is: 6 pieces of sample force application boards 11 are threaded with corresponding force application board active joint 13 by the shallow screw of force application board 12; Each force application board active joint 13 is fixedly connected with corresponding bearing 14 outer wall; Each bearing 14 inwall is fixedly connected with corresponding transmission rod 15; Each transmission rod 15 is fixedly connected with corresponding S type dynamometer; Each S type dynamometer connects with corresponding loading axle 17.
Figure 11 is triaxial extension test instrument right section structural representation of the present invention.Its assemble sequence is: have 4 wheels 18 being with auto-lock function bottom operation cabinet 19; Operation cabinet 19 top is operating platform 20; Operating platform 20 there are some three axle tension testing machine columns 21; Top board 22 is arranged at three axle tension testing machine column 21 tops; Three axle tension testing machine columns 21 are fixedly connected with bolt with top board 22 with operating platform 20 respectively; 4 horizontal addload facility fixed mounts 23 are fixedly connected with top board 22 with operating platform 20 respectively by several set bolts 24; 6 load shaft sleeve 25, wherein have 2 to be separately fixed at operating platform 20 and top board 22 center, and all the other 4 are separately fixed at 4 corresponding horizontal addload facility fixed mount 23 centers; 6 load axle 17 and are each passed through corresponding loading shaft sleeve 25; The loading motor 26 of 6 band handwheels is separately fixed at corresponding loading shaft sleeve 25, and is connected by gear with corresponding loading axle 17 respectively; 6 photoelectric displacement sensors 27 measure the distance between itself and just right sample force application board 11 respectively, wherein 1 is fixed on operating platform 20 top, 1 is fixed on bottom top board 22, and all the other 4 are separately fixed at horizontal addload facility fixed mount 23 just to cuboid sample 10 side; Loading motor 26 and the photoelectric displacement sensor 27 of 6 groups of S type dynamometers, band handwheel are connected with signal converter 29 by corresponding 6 power supplies and signal-transmitting cable 28; Power supply and signal transmission interface 30 are fixed on outside operation cabinet 19, and are communicated with in signal converter 29; Power supply 32 connects computing machine 34 respectively by 2 supply lines 31 and powers and signal transmission interface 30; Computing machine 34 is connected with power supply and signal transmission interface 30 by signal transmission cable 33.
part III: operation is implemented and data acquisition modes
(1) sample is installed
The inwall of four sample protection framves, one 1, four sample protection framves 23 and four sample protection framves 35 is wrapped up successively with preservative film; Two sample protection framves 1 and two sample protection framves 23 are combined into structure as shown in Figure 4, and sample protection frame one screw 2 is alignd with sample protection frame two screw 4; Put into cuboid sample 10, as shown in Figure 5; Insert four sample protection framves 35, buckle into two sample protection framves 23 and two sample protection framves 1 successively on top, as shown in Figure 6; AB glue is smeared respectively at sample force application board 11 and the surface of contact of soil body cuboid sample 10, and successively by bonding with cuboid sample 10 for 6 pieces of sample force application boards 11, as shown in Figure 7; 8 sample protection frame angles 7 are buckled on sample protection frame three screw rod 6 successively, and fixes, as shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 with 8 sample protection frame nuts 9.
Start power supply 32, open computing machine 34, the loading motor 26 controlling 6 band handwheels with computing machine 34 rotates, Mechanical Driven loading axle 17 moves to away from installation sample position direction respectively, when the loading motor 26 loading axle 17 that control is corresponding automatically of 6 band handwheels arrives and is enough to the position of laying protected sample (as shown in Figure 9), automatic stop motion; Protected sample is put into triaxial extension test instrument center, the force application board active joint 13 rotated bottom protected sample embeds in the shallow screw 12 of force application board bottom protected sample, is that it is connected with the sample force application board 11 bottom protected sample; The loading motor 26 of the band handwheel controlled bottom protected sample with computing machine 34 rotates, corresponding loading axle 17 is driven to move upward, the photoelectric displacement sensor 27 be arranged on operating platform 20 controls the lifting position of cuboid sample 10, when cuboid sample 10 is in centre, provide feedback signal, the loading motor 26 of the band handwheel controlled bottom cuboid sample 10 by computing machine 34 stops operating; The handwheel of the loading motor 26 of all the other 5 band handwheels of hand rotation successively, make corresponding force application board active joint 13 near the corresponding shallow screw 12 of force application board, when force application board active joint 13 close to the shallow screw 12 of force application board close to time, the handwheel of the loading motor 26 of rotating band handwheel and the force application board active joint 13 of correspondence, make the shallow screw 12 of force application board active joint 13 and corresponding force application board be threaded simultaneously; The handwheel of the loading motor 26 of fine rotation 6 band handwheels successively, guarantees that level is in neither tension also not pressured state to the S type dynamometer at 4 S type dynamometers and cuboid sample 10 top; The sample protection frame nut 9 of then dismantling all successively, sample protection frame angle 7, sample protection frame 1, sample protection frame 23 and sample protection frame 35; The registration of each sensor shown by computing machine 34 is reset, can measuring phases be entered.
(2) axle power applies
Computing machine 34 controls 6 loading axles 17 and applies pulling force, and measures pulling force by 6 S type dynamometers, and is stored in computing machine 34 by signal converter 29 record, by feedback regulation, keeps 3 groups of 2 S type dynamometry meter shaft power axially in the same size; The position of sample force application board 11 is measured with photoelectric displacement sensor 27, to determine the position residing for cuboid sample 10, if respective shaft to the displacement increment of 2 sample force application boards 11 that measures of 2 photoelectric displacement sensors 27 unequal, corresponding feedback signal is provided immediately by computing machine 34, regulate 2 on corresponding axle to load axle 17, make cuboid sample 10 be in triaxial extension test machine center; When any one displacement increase axially and pulling force is reduced to 0 time, think that sample destroys, automatically stop test.
(3) data acquisition
Computing machine 34 automatic synchronization collection and synchronous recording 6 groups load the displacement increment that pulling force power measured by axle 17 and photoelectric displacement sensor 27 measure.
In sum, invent a kind of soil body triaxial extension test instrument and can solve the series of problems such as the instrument test process disturbance that the existing soil body three axle tensile strength characteristics and creep properties testing apparatus exist is excessive, manual grading skill loads, experimental test reading mode is lack of standardization.Therefore, the mentality of designing of the soil body three axle tensile strength characteristics and creep properties is measured based on soil body triaxial extension test instrument, provide certain scale, control performance is stable, working specification, measure easily, adapt to the soil body three axle tensile strength characteristics and creep properties, the test unit of sizing, may be used for the test of the soil body three axle tensile strength characteristics and creep properties under the soil body three axle stretching condition.The present invention adopts can the load mode of speed control, vertical loading bearing mode, effectively inherit the load mode of soil test equipment, achieve certain scale, control performance is stable, working specification, measure easily, be applicable to the formal product of test unit that the soil body three axle stretches, sizing.
Advantage imbody of the present invention is as follows:
(1) the present invention adopts multiple controllable motor to drive, achieve control performance stable, the technical measures of working specification.The present invention is solving the Non-follow control of testing equipment employing in the past simultaneously, achieve Motor Control and signal robotization regulates deixis, pulling force can be applied by controllable motor, effectively can reduce the error of test data produced because human factor causes when testing, making performance of the present invention all be better than the correlation test equipment of function singleness in the past with operation.
(2) the present invention adopts motor to load and data acquisition system (DAS), achieves measurement data and automatically gathers, and makes data acquisition convenient and reliable, and feedback regulation can load dynamics size and speed.The test of the multiple physical quantitys such as pulling force involved in the present invention, axial deformation, all have employed corresponding sensor and computer data acquisition, in data acquisition, reduce the error of artificial reading, and can real time record storage be carried out, the convenient continuous acquisition for data and process, in the reliability of data, had significant raising.
(3) the present invention adopts detachable cage unitized construction sample protection device; significant change has been had in soil body sample installation; provide a kind of feasible installation method; effectively improve the steadiness that sample force application board is bonding with sample; and when sample is fit in triaxial extension test instrument; operation interference can be reduced, sample is played a protective role.
(4) the present invention adopts computer disposal acquisition process data to be keys of test figure automatic business processing, while image data, can carry out Data Management Analysis, significantly improve test efficiency; The advantage of this embodiment is to solve well the synchronism of collection three of the operation of force application apparatus, the control of sensor and data, improves the reliability of test figure significantly.
(5) the present invention adopts signal converter conveniently can carry out electric signal and digital signal is changed, and effectively ensure that the normal work of control instrument.The signal converter that the present invention adopts, can be digital signal by transform electrical signals, facilitate computer disposal, also the digital signal of computing machine transmission can be converted to electric signal, can the closedown of loading motor of control cincture handwheel, startup and rotation direction; Signal converter of the present invention, can process the signal that photoelectric displacement sensor and S type dynamometer transmit, transfers to computing machine to carry out displacement and power process, and by the corresponding chart of computer drawing.
The part do not described in detail in present embodiment belongs to the known conventional means of the industry, does not describe one by one here.More than exemplifying is only illustrate of the present invention, does not form the restriction to protection scope of the present invention, everyly all belongs within protection scope of the present invention with the same or analogous design of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a soil body triaxial extension test instrument, comprise operation cabinet (19), it is characterized in that: described operation cabinet (19) top is provided with operating platform (20), operating platform (20) is vertically fixed with multiple three axle tension testing machine columns (21), the top of three axle tension testing machine columns (21) is fixed with top board (22), is fixed with 4 horizontal addload facility fixed mounts (23) be uniformly distributed circumferentially around operating platform (20) center between operating platform (20) and top board (22); The middle part of described horizontal addload facility fixed mount (23), operating platform (20) and top board (22) is equipped with through hole, and each through hole is equipped with electrically driven (operated) stretching device; Sample three axle drawing chain connection device is provided with in the space that horizontal addload facility fixed mount (23), operating platform (20) and top board (22) surround, this sample three axle drawing chain connection device is provided with 8 sample towing tension plates (11) mutually bonding with each of cuboid sample (10), each sample towing tension plate (11) is relative with a through hole, each sample towing tension plate (11) is connected with loading axle (17) respectively by dynamometer (16), loads axle (17) and is connected through through hole and stretching device; Each through hole and sample towing tension plate (11) adjacent side place are also provided with the photoelectric displacement sensor (27) detecting sample towing tension plate (11) movement relative with this through hole; Described photoelectricity displacement sensor (27), dynamometer (16) and stretching device are connected with the signal converter (29) being connected computing machine (34) respectively.
2. a kind of soil body triaxial extension test instrument as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stretching device is specially one end and is fixed on the loading shaft sleeve (25) communicated on through hole and with through hole, and this loading shaft sleeve (25) is fixed with the loading motor (26) of band handwheel, this loading motor (26) respectively with through the loading axle (17) loading shaft sleeve (25) by gear couplings, described loading motor (26) is electrically connected with signal converter (29).
3. a kind of soil body triaxial extension test instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described dynamometer (16) is S type dynamometer.
4. a kind of soil body triaxial extension test instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: four angles, bottom place of described operation cabinet (19) is respectively provided with the wheel (18) of a band auto-lock function.
5. a kind of soil body triaxial extension test instrument as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete structure of described sample three axle drawing chain connection device is by four sample protection framves one (1), four sample protection framves two (3) and four sample protection framves three (5) are fixed together as rib and form its inner sample protection cube support body placing cuboid sample (10), each face of described cuboid sample (10) is mutually bonding with a sample towing tension plate (11) respectively by AB glue, eight angles of described sample protection cube support body are also fixed with sample protection frame angle (7), described sample towing tension plate (11) by dynamometer (16) and the concrete connected mode loading axle (17) is: the center of sample towing tension plate (11) is provided with the shallow screw of force application board (12), the shallow screw of force application board (12) has been threaded force application board active joint (13), force application board active joint (13) is connected with transmission rod (15) by bearing (14), the outer wall of its centre bearer (14) is fixedly connected with the groove inner wall set by the termination of force application board active joint (13), and the inwall of bearing (14) is fixedly connected with the termination of transmission rod (15), described transmission rod (15) is connected with loading axle (17) by S type dynamometer.
6. a kind of soil body triaxial extension test instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described signal converter (29) is fixed in operation cabinet (19).
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