CN104973881A - Preparation method of coal gangue sintered perforated brick - Google Patents
Preparation method of coal gangue sintered perforated brick Download PDFInfo
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- CN104973881A CN104973881A CN201510468331.2A CN201510468331A CN104973881A CN 104973881 A CN104973881 A CN 104973881A CN 201510468331 A CN201510468331 A CN 201510468331A CN 104973881 A CN104973881 A CN 104973881A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a coal gangue sintered perforated brick. The preparation method comprises the following procedures: raw material treatment, green body formation, green body drying and sintering, and finished product formation, wherein the green body drying procedure is a counter-current drying procedure, and the heat source for drying is supplied by waste heat of burnt bricks on a kiln car in a cooling belt of a roasting kiln, so that waste residues are utilized, and purposes of pollution regulation, energy conversation and environment protection are achieved. By virtue of corresponding techniques and formulae in the preparation method, the product is excellent in performance and relatively low in cost, and the economic benefit is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of perforated brick.More specifically, a kind of preparation method of fired shale-gangue perforated brick is related to.
Background technology
Coal gangue is the solid waste discharged in coal mining process and coal washing process, is a kind of black gray expandable rock lower, harder than coal with a kind of carbon content of coal seam association in coalification course.Comprise choose from the spoil of extraction top board, base plate and interlayer and coal washing process in the digging gangue in tunnelling process, mining process wash spoil.Its main component is Al
2o
3, SiO
2, also contain the Fe that quantity does not wait in addition
2o
3, CaO, MgO, Na
2o, K
2o, P
2o
5, SO
3with micro-rare elements (gallium, vanadium, titanium, cobalt).
Sintered perforated brick with clay, shale, coal gangue, flyash, mud (rivers lake silt) and other solid waste etc. for main raw material, form through roasting, hole ratio is not more than 35%, the size in hole is little and quantity is many, is mainly used in weight bearing area.The hole of sintered perforated brick is how vertical with load bearing face, and its single hole size is little, and hole distribution is reasonable, and non-hole part brick body is more closely knit, has higher intensity.
Practice national industrial policies.This trade waste of coal gangue is utilized to produce fired shale-gangue perforated brick; meet the requirement of the innovation of national walling and Building Energy Conservation Policy; to meet in China " 12 " planning outline and " with save energy resource, to preserve the ecological environment and the class that improves the quality of products is attached most importance to, promote building materials industry structural adjustment and industrial upgrading." and " adhere to that exploitation and saving are laid equal stress on, economization at first, according to the principle of minimizing, recycling, resource utilization, at resource exploitation, produce the links such as consumption, refuse generation, consumption, progressively set up the resource circulation utilization system of the whole society." policy requirements.
Profit is useless, environmental protection, save energy.Utilize coal gangue to do raw material production sintered perforated brick, both make use of waste residue, and reached pollution administration again, the object of save energy, protection of the environment.
Whole nation state-owned coal mines existing waste dump more than 1500 seat, accumulating amount reaches 3,000,000,000 more than t (accounting for more than 40% of Chinese industrial solid waste total emission volumn).A large amount of stackings of coal gangue, not only cover soil, influence ecological environment, coal gangue leaching water will pollute surrounding soil and underground water, and containing certain combustiblematerials in coal gangue, under appropriate conditions spontaneous combustion occurs, the obnoxious flavour pollutant atmospheres such as discharge sulfurous gas, oxynitride, oxycarbide and flue dust, affect the healthy of Residents in Mining Area.Product complies with industry policy and the Long-term Development Strategy of country, and the product life cycle is long, wide market.
The present invention successfully adopts Feedstock treating operation, blank forming operation, body drying and calcining process, finished product process (comprise and unload brick), achieves good effect.
Summary of the invention
One object of the present invention is the preparation method providing a kind of fired shale-gangue perforated brick.The method comprises Feedstock treating operation, blank forming operation, body drying and calcining process, finished product process; coal gangue is utilized to do raw material production sintered perforated brick; body drying operation is counter current drying; dry thermal source is provided by the waste heat of the burnt brick on kiln car in roasting kiln cooling zone; both make use of waste residue; again can pollution administration, save energy, protection of the environment.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
A preparation method for fired shale-gangue perforated brick, comprises the steps:
1) Feedstock treating
7:3-1:1 mixed black spoil and red spoil in mass ratio, it is below 3mm that gained mixture is crushed to granularity respectively, and be incorporated to a stirrer and mix, add water during mixing, water content control, at 9-11%, enters ageing storehouse after mixing, ageing 65-70h;
2) blank forming operation
By step 1) in mixture after ageing send into secondary mixer, control mixture water content at 13%-15%, Homogeneous phase mixing; Send into vacuum extruder extrusion moulding again, the mud bar extruded through automatic slicing, automatically cut base, Automatic Code base, makes adobe;
3) body drying and roasting
By step 2) the predrying rear feeding tunnel drying oven of gained adobe, successive drying 12-17h at 100-120 DEG C; Tunnel furnace roasting is sent in dried adobe, roasting 24-34h at temperature is 1010-1050 DEG C;
4) finished product process
Namely obtain perforated brick by by after the adobe cooling after burning, quality inspection check and accept after automatic packing machine packing deposit.
Preferably, step 1) described in ageing storehouse be closed storehouse, be provided with multibuchet in ageing storehouse and fetch earth machine, cross-cutting fault feeding during discharging.
Preferably, step 2) described in extrusion moulding, vacuum extruder vacuum tightness is below-0.092MPa, and extrusion pressure is 4-6MPa.
Preferably, step 3) described in drying be counter current drying, dry thermal source is provided by the waste heat of the burnt brick on kiln car in roasting kiln cooling zone, the dry kiln of described drying is provided with the recycle system, humidity discharging system and detection system based on dispersion air-supply under car, the dispersion air-supply of kiln side is auxiliary, all sides blast inlet is all located between hack, and the discharge of useless moisture adopts concentrates end humidity discharging mode.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
1. the preparation method of fired shale-gangue perforated brick of the present invention in process of production, and clean, environmental protection, product application energy-saving effect is remarkable.Most important conservation measures is roasting kiln extension heat recovery.Roasting kiln cooling zone waste heat supply temperature arrives 350 DEG C, belongs to secondary energy, and the recycling of flue gas is the feature of this project, and a waste heat cigarette vapour part is used for dry wet base, and another part is used for pouring technology through heat exchange, improves the utilising efficiency of the energy to greatest extent.
2. preparation method's main production raw material of fired shale-gangue perforated brick of the present invention is coal gangue etc., does not use other harmful chemical, thus can not produce chemical pollution to surrounding environment.Utilize coal gangue to do raw material production vitrified brick, both make use of waste residue, and reached pollution administration again, the object of save energy, protection of the environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 illustrates Agglutinating Technique of Porous Bricks with Coal Gangues schematic flow sheet.
Embodiment
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the present invention, below in conjunction with preferred embodiments and drawings, the present invention is described further.Parts similar in accompanying drawing represent with identical Reference numeral.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that specifically described content is illustrative and nonrestrictive, should not limit the scope of the invention with this below.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of fired shale-gangue perforated brick, comprises following operation:
Raw materials pretreatment
Proportioning raw materials
It is coal gangue that fired shale-gangue perforated brick produces required starting material.According to specific technique requirement, in conjunction with situation of raw materials, produce and intend adopting proportioning as shown in table 1.
Table 1 fired shale-gangue perforated brick calculates proportioning (% by weight)
| Title | Coal gangue (battie) | Self-igniting coal gangue (red spoil) | Ingredient water |
| Fired shale-gangue perforated brick | 63.7％ | 27.3％ | 9％ |
Preparation process:
(1) Feedstock treating operation
Coal battie and red spoil in mass ratio 7:3 are measured by shovel loader and mix, apron feeder is sent into after mixing, feed jaw by rotary conveyor to break machine and to give up coarse crushing, after vibrosieve, there is below the 3mm particle of 10% to enter directly to enter a stirrer, it is in small, broken bits that more than 3mm particle enters hammer mill, and the granularity after fragmentation is all less than 3mm and enters a stirrer mixing afterwards with entering ageing storehouse.Its main process of ageing storehouse be reversible moving Distribution Warehouse belt according to certain rules, by through first time mixing raw material be evenly distributed in ageing storehouse, carry out the abundant ageing of 65h.Enter ageing storehouse compound containing water management 9%, ageing storehouse is closed storehouse, and design total volume is about 8511t, is provided with multibuchet and fetches earth machine, cross-cutting fault feeding during discharging in ageing storehouse, is sent into the secondary mixer of blank forming workshop section by rotary conveyor.
Feed particles after ageing is easily discongested, particle in raw material and homogeneity of water degree improve, thus make feed particles surface and internal performance more evenly, more aligned, the processability of compound can be improved through this, thus improve molding blank extrude intensity, and larger effect has been produced to sliver normal table.
(2) blank forming operation
Compound after ageing, through high speed fine pair roller carry out secondary in small, broken bits after, feed secondary mixer by rotary conveyor, at this moment compound is moisture should control 13%, plasticity index 8, thermal value 1258J (301cal)/g.Feed two-stage vacuum extruder for blocks extrusion moulding by box-type feeder through rotary conveyor, achieve third time stirring simultaneously.Extrusion moulding is the critical process on whole production line, according to property of raw material, main frame is condition of high vacuum degree (≤-0.092MPa), large squeeze is the double-stage vacuum extruding machine of 4.0MPa, single machine production ability 20000 marks block/more than h, two main frame throughput 40000 mark block/more than h, can ensure half-finished quality.Longkou is changed according to the geomery of perforated brick and hollow brick during production.The mud bar extruded cuts into through automatic strip-cutting machine, automatic hack cutter the adobe requiring size, and after the marshalling of marshalling system, be transported to setting machine place, by kiln car on setting machine code, kiln car enters dry kiln outside track, pre-seasoning certain hour, dry kiln to be entered.Production process is Fully-mechanized, automatization, thus improves the automatization level of production line, decreases human factor to half-finished damage.
(3) body drying and calcining process
Production line adopts once code burning process, successive drying, tunnel furnace roasting.The kiln car of the good base of code first sends into tunnel drying oven by kiln car pusher, and green compact go out dry kiln and enter tunnel furnace roasting.The sectional dimension of tunnel drying oven is identical with tunnel furnace, long 87.8m, effective inner width 6.9m, can hold the kiln car 20 of long 4.35m.Perforated brick 12h drying cycle.Thermal source is that the waste heat of burnt brick in roasting kiln cooling zone on kiln car is supplied to the clean 120 DEG C of warm airs (not Containing Sulfur gas) of dry kiln.Deliver to dry kiln by external pipeline system, dry kiln is provided with the recycle system, humidity discharging system and detection system.Dry kiln adopts counter current drying, and based on dispersion air-supply under car, the dispersion air-supply of kiln side is auxiliary, and all sides blast inlet is all located between hack, and the discharge of useless moisture adopts concentrates end humidity discharging mode.The long 144.35m of tunnel like roasting kiln kiln, inner width 6.9m, can hold kiln car 33, and according to the difference of brick, maturing temperature is 1010 DEG C, firing cycle 24h.Perforated brick firing cycle 33h.
Kiln car face is of a size of 6.9 × 4.35m, and can load 90 porous adobe 7776 × 1.7=13219 block (signature)/cars, enter vehicle speed by 60min/ car, within 210 days, qualification rate reaches 97%, can be about 64,550,000 pieces by final product perforated brick.
Automatic control system set by kiln, roasting thermal technology parameter stability, ensure that and burn till quality.Meanwhile, roasting kiln establishes bootstrap system, to provide dry kiln high-temperature flue gas.
(4) finished product process
In tunnel furnace, complete the kiln car of roasting, export through outlet drawing machine pull-out tunnel furnace and cool.Consider project particular case, after finished bricks kiln discharge after quality inspection is checked and accepted, enter finished product after completing packaging by automatization packing machine and stack field.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of fired shale-gangue perforated brick, comprises following operation:
Raw materials pretreatment
Proportioning raw materials
It is coal gangue that fired shale-gangue perforated brick produces required starting material.According to specific technique requirement, in conjunction with situation of raw materials, produce and intend adopting proportioning as shown in table 1.
Table 1 fired shale-gangue perforated brick calculates proportioning (% by weight)
| Title | Coal gangue (battie) | Self-igniting coal gangue (red spoil) | Ingredient water |
| Fired shale-gangue perforated brick | 44.5 | 44.5 | 11 |
Preparation process:
(1) Feedstock treating operation
Coal battie and red spoil in mass ratio 1:1 are measured by shovel loader and mix, apron feeder is sent into after mixing, feed jaw by rotary conveyor to break machine and to give up coarse crushing, after vibrosieve, there is below the 3mm particle of 10% to enter directly to enter a stirrer, it is in small, broken bits that more than 3mm particle enters hammer mill, and the granularity after fragmentation is all less than 3mm and enters a stirrer mixing afterwards with entering ageing storehouse.Its main process of ageing storehouse be reversible moving Distribution Warehouse belt according to certain rules, by through first time mixing raw material be evenly distributed in ageing storehouse, carry out the abundant ageing of 70h.Enter ageing storehouse compound containing water management 11%, ageing storehouse is closed storehouse, and design total volume is about 8511t, is provided with multibuchet and fetches earth machine, cross-cutting fault feeding during discharging in ageing storehouse, is sent into the secondary mixer of blank forming workshop section by rotary conveyor.
Feed particles after ageing is easily discongested, particle in raw material and homogeneity of water degree improve, thus make feed particles surface and internal performance more evenly, more aligned, the processability of compound can be improved through this, thus improve molding blank extrude intensity, and larger effect has been produced to sliver normal table.
(2) blank forming operation
Compound after ageing, through high speed fine pair roller carry out secondary in small, broken bits after, feed secondary mixer by rotary conveyor, at this moment compound is moisture should control 15%, plasticity index 8, thermal value 1258J (301cal)/g.Feed two-stage vacuum extruder for blocks extrusion moulding by box-type feeder through rotary conveyor, achieve third time stirring simultaneously.Extrusion moulding is the critical process on whole production line, according to property of raw material, main frame is condition of high vacuum degree (≤-0.092MPa), large squeeze is the double-stage vacuum extruding machine of 6.0MPa, single machine production ability 20000 marks block/more than h, two main frame throughput 40000 mark block/more than h, can ensure half-finished quality.Longkou is changed according to the geomery of perforated brick and hollow brick during production.The mud bar extruded cuts into through automatic strip-cutting machine, automatic hack cutter the adobe requiring size, and after the marshalling of marshalling system, be transported to setting machine place, by kiln car on setting machine code, kiln car enters dry kiln outside track, pre-seasoning certain hour, dry kiln to be entered.Production process is Fully-mechanized, automatization, thus improves the automatization level of production line, decreases human factor to half-finished damage.
(3) body drying and calcining process
Production line adopts once code burning process, successive drying, tunnel furnace roasting.The kiln car of the good base of code first sends into tunnel drying oven by kiln car pusher, and green compact go out dry kiln and enter tunnel furnace roasting.The sectional dimension of tunnel drying oven is identical with tunnel furnace, long 87.8m, effective inner width 6.9m, can hold the kiln car 20 of long 4.35m.Perforated brick 17h drying cycle.Thermal source is that the waste heat of burnt brick in roasting kiln cooling zone on kiln car is supplied to the clean 100 DEG C of warm airs (not Containing Sulfur gas) of dry kiln.Deliver to dry kiln by external pipeline system, dry kiln is provided with the recycle system, humidity discharging system and detection system.Dry kiln adopts counter current drying, and based on dispersion air-supply under car, the dispersion air-supply of kiln side is auxiliary, and all sides blast inlet is all located between hack, and the discharge of useless moisture adopts concentrates end humidity discharging mode.The long 144.35m of tunnel like roasting kiln kiln, inner width 6.9m, can hold kiln car 33, and according to the difference of brick, maturing temperature is 1050 DEG C, firing cycle 34h.Perforated brick firing cycle 33h.
Kiln car face is of a size of 6.9 × 4.35m, and can load 90 porous adobe 7776 × 1.7=13219 block (signature)/cars, enter vehicle speed by 60min/ car, within 210 days, qualification rate reaches 98%, can be about 65,210,000 pieces by final product perforated brick.
Automatic control system set by kiln, roasting thermal technology parameter stability, ensure that and burn till quality.Meanwhile, roasting kiln establishes bootstrap system, to provide dry kiln high-temperature flue gas.
(4) finished product process
In tunnel furnace, complete the kiln car of roasting, export through outlet drawing machine pull-out tunnel furnace and cool.Consider project particular case, after finished bricks kiln discharge after quality inspection is checked and accepted, enter finished product after completing packaging by automatization packing machine and stack field.
Obviously; the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described; and be not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention; for those of ordinary skill in the field; can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description; here cannot give exhaustive to all embodiments, every belong to technical scheme of the present invention the apparent change of extending out or variation be still in the row of protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a preparation method for fired shale-gangue perforated brick, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) Feedstock treating
7:3-1:1 mixed black spoil and red spoil in mass ratio, it is below 3mm that gained mixture is crushed to granularity respectively, and be incorporated to a stirrer and mix, add water during mixing, water content control, at 9-11%, enters ageing storehouse after mixing, ageing 65-70h;
2) blank forming operation
By step 1) in mixture after ageing send into secondary mixer, control mixture water content at 13%-15%, Homogeneous phase mixing; Send into vacuum extruder extrusion moulding again, the mud bar extruded through automatic slicing, automatically cut base, Automatic Code base, makes adobe;
3) body drying and roasting
By step 2) the predrying rear feeding tunnel drying oven of gained adobe, successive drying 12-17h at 100-120 DEG C; Tunnel furnace roasting is sent in dried adobe, roasting 24-34h at temperature is 1010-1050 DEG C;
4) finished product process
Namely obtain perforated brick by by after the adobe cooling after burning, quality inspection check and accept after automatic packing machine packing deposit.
2. the preparation method of a kind of fired shale-gangue perforated brick according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 1) described in ageing storehouse be closed storehouse, be provided with multibuchet in ageing storehouse and fetch earth machine, cross-cutting fault feeding during discharging.
3. the preparation method of a kind of fired shale-gangue perforated brick according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2) described in extrusion moulding, vacuum extruder vacuum tightness is below-0.092MPa, and extrusion pressure is 4-6MPa.
4. the preparation method of a kind of fired shale-gangue perforated brick according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 3) described in drying be counter current drying, dry thermal source is provided by the waste heat of the burnt brick on kiln car in roasting kiln cooling zone, the dry kiln of described drying is provided with the recycle system, humidity discharging system and detection system, and based on dispersion air-supply under car, the dispersion air-supply of kiln side is auxiliary, all sides blast inlet is all located between hack, and the discharge of useless moisture adopts concentrates end humidity discharging mode.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106187079A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 四川乔丰新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of production technology of novel mud coal insulating brick |
| CN106747620A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-31 | 内蒙古科技大学 | A kind of low energy consumption sintering seepage brick and its manufacture method |
| CN106830889A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-06-13 | 重庆市合川区九峰煤炭有限公司 | A kind of manufacturing process of use making coal gangue brick |
| CN106866167A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2017-06-20 | 安徽昆蒙新型建材有限公司 | A kind of production technology of Refuse air brick, porous brick |
| CN108558364A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-09-21 | 乌海市黑白环保能源有限公司 | Colliery wastes brick multifuel combustion lime stone technique |
| CN110668790A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-10 | 吉林省建筑材料工业设计研究院 | Paving brick and internal combustion sleeve firing manufacturing method |
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| CN108558364A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-09-21 | 乌海市黑白环保能源有限公司 | Colliery wastes brick multifuel combustion lime stone technique |
| CN108558364B (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2021-08-20 | 乌海市黑白环保能源有限公司 | Process for co-firing limestone by using coal gangue bricks |
| CN110668790A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-10 | 吉林省建筑材料工业设计研究院 | Paving brick and internal combustion sleeve firing manufacturing method |
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