CN104969012A - Flow control systems and methods for a phase change material solar receiver - Google Patents
Flow control systems and methods for a phase change material solar receiver Download PDFInfo
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- CN104969012A CN104969012A CN201380065154.2A CN201380065154A CN104969012A CN 104969012 A CN104969012 A CN 104969012A CN 201380065154 A CN201380065154 A CN 201380065154A CN 104969012 A CN104969012 A CN 104969012A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
- F24S10/72—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits the tubular conduits being integrated in a block; the tubular conduits touching each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
- F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S80/20—Working fluids specially adapted for solar heat collectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S90/00—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0056—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Disclosed embodiments include concentrating solar power (CSP) systems and solar receivers for CSP systems configured to provide inlet and outlet heat transfer material flow control. The disclosed embodiments feature heat transfer material flowing in and open heat transfer material circuit. Certain embodiments may be implemented with a solid-liquid phase change material as the heat transfer material. Alternative embodiments include methods of heat transfer material flow control in a CSP system and CSP systems configured as described.
Description
Technical field
Embodiment disclosed herein relates generally to concentration solar generating (" CSP ") technology, and the receiver flow control system related more particularly to for CSP technology and method, utilize for the receiver flow control system of CSP technology and method and experience the heat-transfer matcrial of solid to liquid phase-change in the heat-transfer matcrial loop of open or fractional open.
Background technology
Concentration solar generating (CSP) system utilizes the dynamic circulation of Driven by Solar Energy heat to produce electric power.CSP technology includes but not limited to parabolic type trough system, linear Fresnel formula system, central receiver or " power generation column " formula system and dish-style/engine type system.Subsidize driving to sizable interest of CSP by Renewable Portfolio Standard and Hispanic regenerative resource electricity price, Renewable Portfolio Standard is applicable to the energy provider of Southwestern United Stares.CSP system is deployed as the power plant of large-scale centralized usually to utilize economic scale.
Previously disclosed CSP system utilized oil, fused salt or steam that solar energy is passed to generation block (power generation block) from solar receiver usually.Thus these heat-transfer matcrials to be called at large " heat-transfer fluid " as gas or liquid flow usually in the system of pipe or carrier pipe.The flowing of usual heat-transfer fluid by heat exchanger device so that independent " working fluid " is heated to operating temperature, should " working fluid " then for power generation cycle to drive turbine and to produce electric power.
Existing receiver design generally includes the receiver pipeline of the part into the heat transfer fluid loop closed.The loop closed usually does not open ambient air in normal work period and therefore comprises one group of pipe of base closed, conduit, pump, valve and other elements.Correspondingly, the heat-transfer fluid of firm discharge enters and leaves receiver, because the closure property of heat transfer fluid loop makes the volume conservation by the heat-transfer fluid of receiver and do not allow other volume to enter receiver.Therefore, in the heat-transfer fluid design of routine, the heat-transfer fluid flow leaving receiver must equal heat transfer fluid inlet flow.Therefore, the heat transfer fluid loop closed allows the heat-transfer fluid flow relatively simply controlled from a single point of the pump such as feeding receiver in receiver.
Some CSP systems and receiver design can with solid heat transfer material for features.Known system with the solid particle fallen for feature, the solid particle of whereabouts is irradiated and heating by the solar radiation flux concentrated, and describes in " Numerical Modeling of a Solid Particle SolarCentral Receiver " (numerical simulation of the solar energy central receiver of solid particle) of the Sandia report SAND85-8249 of 1985 as people such as Evans.Solid particle CSP design can produce higher theoretical maximum temperature, and therefore can utilize higher theoretical powergenerationcycleefficiency.Regrettably, the convection losses of solid particle receiver system is because the interaction of the air in falling particles and receiver is high in major part.If use window to limit the interaction of air and particle, create other design challenge, this can affect whole system efficiency, such as, and window absorptivity.In addition, in solar receiver, the use of window adds the difficulty keeping can accepting window transparency and avoiding breaking.
At United States Patent (USP) 4,469, describe the parabolic type solar trough with the solid-liquid phase change material be limited in receiver in 088.The design of this solid-liquid phase change material allows to heat independent, static Thermal energy storage material and heat-transfer fluid simultaneously.But, because the heat exchange in this design between Thermal energy storage material and heat-transfer fluid must occur in receiver self relative to the central repository device of insulation, because which limit overall system efficiency, because inhibit the Total heat loss during charging, discharging and stable operation.
At W.Steinmann and R.Tamme at the Journal of Solar Energy (United States Patent (USP) 4 of solar engineering periodical (2008) 130 (1) " Latent heat storage for solar steamsystems " (" storing for the latent heat of solar steam system "), 127, describe the CSP tower and the tank systems that adopt and there is the material of solid-liquid phase change in 161.But in such systems, heat storage system physically away from receiver, thus causes the thermal degradation (heat degradation) of intrinsic transient system characteristic and complicated operating procedure and the use by indirect heat exchanger.
Using by solid to liquid phase change material as heat-transfer fluid for the system of feature is not implemented easily by closed loop heat transfer fluid loop.Therefore, can have problems to the heat-transfer fluid flow control in liquid phase change material receiver at solid.
Embodiment described herein is intended to overcome one or more technology restriction including but not limited to problem discussed above.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments more disclosed herein comprise concentration solar generating (CSP) system and the solar receiver for CSP system, and the solar receiver for CSP system is configured to provide access heat-transfer matcrial flow-control and the flow-control of outlet heat-transfer matcrial.Disclosed embodiment with open heat transfer fluid loop for feature.Some embodiments can utilize to be implemented solid-liquid phase change material as heat-transfer matcrial.Substituting embodiment is included in the method for the heat-transfer matcrial flow-control in CSP system and the CSP system of structure as described herein.
An embodiment is the solar receiver with one or more receiver pipeline, and wherein, each pipeline has entrance and exit that is respective or that share.In use, each receiver pipeline the usual vertical orientation of part and be placed in the region of concentrated solar lighting.Solid phase or liquid phase heat-transfer matcrial are to delivering in receiver entrance.Pressure-equalizing pipe is arranged to be communicated with the outlet fluid relative with entrance of each receiver pipeline.Pressure-equalizing pipe or multiple pressure-equalizing pipe comprise standpipe portion, and standpipe portion rises to the point of the over top shining upon region usually.Pressure-equalizing pipe ends at outlet, and outlet provides liquid heat transfer material to enter the stream of chute or other fluid collection systems.Between the outlet and chute of pressure-equalizing pipe, be provided with gap, the passive pressure provide a clearanced between the top of pressure-equalizing pipe and the entrance of one or more receiver pipeline balances.In some embodiments, pressure-equalizing pipe is also included in the floss hole at bottom place, and this floss hole is used for providing supplementary pressure to balance.
Therefore, liquid heat transfer material can flow to other parts of heat transfer fluid loop from the top of pressure-equalizing pipe when not affecting the ducted liquid level of receiver.Therefore, the pressure-equalizing pipe flow that provides liquid phase or solid phase heat-transfer matcrial to enter receiver and liquid phase heat-transfer matcrial leave the passive equilibrium of the flow of receiver.
Substituting embodiment is the solar receiver with one or more receiver pipeline, and wherein, each pipeline has entrance and exit that is respective or that share.In use, each receiver pipeline the usual vertical orientation of part and be placed in the concentrated region shined upon.Solid phase or liquid phase heat-transfer matcrial are to deliver in receiver entrance and liquid phase heat-transfer matcrial after heating is exported from receiver Flows by one or more.Solar receiver also comprises at least one valve and liquid level sensor, is associated at least one valve described and receiver pipe operations, liquid level sensor also with receiver pipe operations be associated.Liquid level sensor provides the sensing of the liquid level to the liquid heat transfer material received in organ pipe road.Liquid level sensor also provides the feedback of valve optionally to control the liquid level of the liquid heat transfer material in one or more receiver pipeline.By this way, solid heat transfer material enters the flow that flow in solar receiver and liquid heat transfer material leave receiver and can balance, and the liquid level of liquid heat transfer material in receiver pipeline can remain on and shines upon in region.
Substituting embodiment disclosed herein comprises following CSP system, and described CSP system comprises the solar receiver with volume control device as above.
Other substituting embodiments comprise the method using said system to control the flow of the solid-liquid phase change heat heat transfer material comprised in the heat-transfer matcrial loop of solar receiver.
Other substituting embodiments are the methods using systems generate electricity described herein.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of solar receiver, and wherein, flow-control is provided by liquid level sensor and valve.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of solar receiver, and wherein, flow-control is provided by pressure-equalizing passageway.
Fig. 3 is the alternative illustration of solar receiver, and wherein, flow-control is provided by the pressure-equalizing passageway of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 A is the schematic diagram of solar receiver pipeline and related elements, and wherein, flow-control is provided by the substituting embodiment of pressure-equalizing passageway, and Fig. 4 A shows the heat-transfer matcrial flowing through receiver.
Fig. 4 B is the schematic diagram of solar receiver pipeline and related elements, and wherein, flow-control is provided by the substituting embodiment of pressure-equalizing passageway, and Fig. 4 B shows the liquid level keeping the heat-transfer matcrial balanced in receiver.
Fig. 5 is with the isometric view of the solar receiver providing flow-control to be feature by one or more pressure-equalizing passageway.
Fig. 6 is the schematic side view of the solar receiver of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of concentration solar generating (CSP) system.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of substituting CSP system.
Fig. 9 is with the schematic diagram of the little pearl solid phase heat-transfer matcrial substituting CSP system that is feature.
Figure 10 is with the schematic diagram of the rectangle billet solid phase heat-transfer matcrial substituting CSP system that is feature.
Figure 11 is with the schematic diagram of circular cross-section billet or the excellent class solid phase heat-transfer matcrial substituting CSP system that is feature.
Detailed description of the invention
Unless otherwise stated, all numerals of the quantity, size, reaction condition etc. of the expression key element used in description and claims should be understood to be modified by term " approximately " in all cases.
In the application and claims, unless otherwise specified, otherwise the use of odd number comprises plural number.In addition, unless otherwise stated, the use of "or" means "and/or".In addition, the use that term " comprises " and other are formed as " including " and " being included " is not restrictive., unless otherwise specified, otherwise the term element and parts that include a unit as " element " or " parts " comprises and include the element of more than one unit and the element of parts and parts in addition.
Embodiments more disclosed herein comprise the CSP system using solid-liquid phase change material to be feature as heat-transfer matcrial.In disclosed system, solid-liquid phase change occurs in some the some places in open heat-transfer matcrial loop.In some embodiments, phase transformation occurs in solar receiver.In other embodiments, in solid-liquid phase change other elements of occurring in thermal energy storage system or heat-transfer matcrial loop or position.Other embodiments disclosed herein can not utilize solid-liquid phase change material as heat-transfer matcrial for feature using open heat-transfer matcrial loop.
" heat-transfer fluid " that use term " heat-transfer matcrial " herein instead of more generally use, because in some stages of described system, heat-transfer matcrial is moved as the solid of nonfluid, stores or utilizes.Open heat-transfer matcrial loop is defined as at some some places in this article to the loop that ambient air opens or opens to the blanketing gas in the normal operation period at environment or circuit entrance pressure place.
Be called in the name of jointly all and common pending trial some the CSP systems describing in the PCT patent application PCT/US2012/045425 of " Concentrating Solar PowerMethods and Systems with Liquid-Solid Phase Change Material forHeat Transfer " (" having the concentration solar generating method and system of the solid-liquid phase change material for conducting heat ") to use solid-liquid phase change material to be feature as heat-transfer matcrial, the content of above-mentioned application is incorporated to herein for all items disclosed herein.
As limited herein, solid-liquid phase change material exists with solid phase under colder operating temperature but under hotter operating temperature, is fused into the material of liquid phase.Phase-change material is utilized to be the high-energy-density that latent heat and sensible heat by utilizing suitable heat-transfer matcrial realize as a benefit of the heat-transfer matcrial of CSP system.The energy storage densities of suitable heat-transfer matcrial can be twice by the latent heat utilizing phase change transition to store usually.
The phase-change material being suitable for use as heat-transfer matcrial comprises salt, organic polymer and inorganic polymer and metal.Especially, heat-transfer matcrial can comprise nitrate, carbonate, bromide, chloride, fluoride, hydroxide or sulfate, zinc, boron, beryllium, lead, magnesium, copper, aluminium, tin, calcium halophosphate activated by antimony andmanganese, iron, nickel or silicon, any metal, plastics, the organic alloy of wax or can mix or immiscible mixture with any of content above of obvious and potential form store heat.The concrete selection of heat-transfer matcrial requires to determine by embody rule.Various flow control system described herein and method can be suitable for the heat-transfer matcrial of any type at some some places of open heat transfer loop experience solid-liquid phase change.
As noted above, existing receiver design generally includes the receiver pipeline of the part into the heat transfer fluid loop closed.In the loop design closed, the fluid of firm discharge enters and leaves receiver because do not allow other volume to enter receiver by the heat-transfer fluid volume conservation of receiver.The another feature of the heat transfer fluid loop design closed lacks to be communicated with a large amount of between ambient air at any some place heat-transfer fluid in loop in the normal operation period.Therefore, in the loop design closed of routine, the heat-transfer fluid flow leaving receiver must equal heat transfer fluid inlet flow.
On the contrary, some systems particularly utilize solid-liquid phase-change material easily can not be configured with closed heat-transfer matcrial loop as the system of heat-transfer matcrial.Such as, if phase-change heat transfer material enters receiver with the form of billet, rod or other relatively large solid structures, so open receiver system is necessary.Phase transformation heat-transfer matcrial is inputed to some embodiments in system that receiver is feature but and in not all embodiments, the flow leaving the liquid heat transfer material of receiver is independent of the flow of solid state heat transfer material entering receiver.Difference can be made up by the air of filling receiver.Therefore, if solid heat transfer material is added to receiver with 10kg/s, but gravity make heating after liquid heat transfer material discharge with 20kg/s, phase-change material declines fast at the ducted height of receiver thus forms dry state.In any CSP design, heat-transfer matcrial usually must be avoided to dry up, because the receiver pipeline of sky can be overheated fast and can not use.Regardless of the position of any solid in the receiver or the additional of other heat-transfer matcrials input, passive liquid level equilibrium as disclosed herein ensure that liquid level keeps substantially enough high to avoid dry or part dry state.
Therefore, some system and methods utilizing solid heat transfer material to input disclosed herein are configured to make solid inlet flow and liquid outlet flow equilibrium to keep filling level constant in receiver pipeline during CSP operation.Be configured to liquid input to hold to the receiver design of receiver other disclosed in embodiment, the effective head pressure of inflow to exit of liquid heat transfer material has a direct impact, and therefore have a direct impact the flow leaving receiver, even if it is also like this that heat-transfer matcrial loop is not configured to loop.
Some characteristics being suitable for use as the phase-change material of heat-transfer matcrial make the inflow control of balance and rate of discharge control existing problems.Such as, phase-change material such as metal alloy is used to be have the ability realizing sufficiently high CSP operating temperature as the motivation of in the mainspring of heat-transfer matcrial.Regrettably, material corrosive properties at high temperature usually aggravates.Therefore, be configured at high temperature to use special material to hold and the phase-change material of controlled melting with the system that operates under high corrosion environment.Especially, metal parts has very short service life more than 750 DEG C under cyclic thermal stres when in the face of high corrosion.Therefore, the simple stream amount control method of common metal pump or valve is used can not to be applicable to the CSP receiver implementing to be configured to use solid-liquid phase change heat heat transfer material.
Consider above-mentioned challenge, figure 1 illustrates the system and method realizing flow equilibrium in open heat-transfer matcrial loop.Fig. 1 shows to have the receiver 100 that the valve 102 of liquid level feedback control is feature.Especially, receiver 100 with the multiple receiver pipelines 104 open at top 106 place for feature.Receiver pipeline 104 is configured with solid billet or the rod of the heat-transfer matcrial 108 loading top 106.In substituting configuration, solid heat transfer material can to include but not limited to that the alternative form of rod, billet or other solid shape loads.During operation, heat-transfer matcrial in the sunlight region 110 being contained in receiver pipeline 104 while by concentrate sunshine fusing and be heated to operating temperature.
Flow-control can utilize the valve 102 be communicated with liquid level sensor 114 to complete.Valve 102 and liquid level sensor 114 can use the data signal of any suitable type or analog signal to communicate.Valve 102 provides comprising in response to the mechanization ball of the automatic operation of the feedback from liquid level sensor 114 or door or other structures.
Liquid level sensor 114 can determine melting heat transfer material level continuously or periodically.Liquid level sensor 114 can measure liquid level at one or more discrete point place.Liquid level sensor 114 can according to any known optics, electricity, machinery or other sensing operate and can such as utilize one or more sensor be associated with each receiver pipeline 104 to be embodied as row's sensor in some instances.In any configuration, liquid level sensor detects the height of the liquid heat transfer material of the ducted fusing of receiver, and provides the feedback being enough to make entrance heat-transfer matcrial flow and outlet heat-transfer matcrial flow equilibrium to valve 102 (or multiple valve).
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, thus the downcomer 116 that single valve 102 is operatively positioned at receiver is communicated with each receiver pipeline 104 fluid.Alternatively, one or more valve can be placed on each panel collector (header) outlet on or be placed on each receiver pipeline.
During operation, when the liquid heat transfer material level in receiver drops to below assigned operation fluid level, valve is automatically partially enclosed, and wherein, assigned operation fluid level is chosen as above the liquid level limited by irradiation area 110.Similarly, when above liquid level rises to assigned operation liquid level, valve or multiple valve portion are opened.Therefore, liquid heat transfer material level remains on the overlying regions that receives solar radiation flux but remains on during operation below the open top 106 of any receiver pipeline.
Build the valve that the operating environment provided by the heat-transfer matcrial of that melt, potential highly corrosive can be provided by any valve with based on the important technical challenge that the feedback of system or liquid level controlling method proposes.Known control valve is produced by steel, nickel alloy or other metal castings usually.But some materials being suitable for use as phase-change heat transfer material are at high temperature extremely strong corrosion to metal as aluminium, silicon, chloride salt and fluoride salt.Due to valve must keep tight seal and in by the time high control accuracy, therefore only allow considerably less corrosion.
Valve corrosion can be solved by least two alternative method potentially.First method comprises and manufactures valve by ceramic material.Carborundum and silicon nitride are the examples of the material going for being cast as valve member.Aluminium oxide is the example of the alternative material going for being processed into valve member.Second method comprises high-temperature metal coated ceramic or can other metals erosion-resisting, but pottery or describedly can may not to show sufficient mechanical strength or there is enough low cost to prove that it is rational for producing whole valve by selected materials by other metals erosion-resisting.An example of the design of ceramic coated metal is 347 stainless steel valves, wherein, infiltrates valve member with the boron nitride of suitable thickness or tantalum coating.
Utilize in open heat-transfer matcrial loop or solid to the alternative method of the receiver flow-control in the CSP system of liquid phase-change heat-transfer matcrial or liquid heat transfer material to use passive pressure balance sysmte as shown in Fig. 2 to 8 for feature.Such as, in the embodiment of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, receiver 200 is included in standpipe portion 203 and rises to the pressure-equalizing pipe 202 of specifying heat-transfer matcrial liquid level from collector 204.Liquid heat transfer material can reflux downwards from the top 205 of pressure-equalizing pipe 202 towards the collecting pipe 206 be communicated with downcomer.As shown in the embodiment of Fig. 2 to Fig. 3, pressure-equalizing pipe 202 can comprise on top 205 to be provided and the pressure balanced opening 208 at receiver entrance 210 place or other exhaust structures.Therefore, liquid heat transfer material pours in collect/downcomer 206 by enter the identical speed of the speed of receiver pipeline with heat-transfer matcrial, thus keeps the liquid level in receiver pipeline 212 passively.
Propose important challenge by above-mentioned passive flow control methods because the flow path of the relative complex of system must by for suitable temperature and can tolerate corrosion material structure form, this material can be different, be difficult to formation or be difficult to joint.Such as, in the embodiment of Fig. 2 to Fig. 3, the header 204 collecting heat-transfer matcrial from receiver pipeline 212 has slightly complicated geometry, thus not by ceramic material with low cost and the mode of sufficient intensity cast or process.Correspondingly, header 204 can be made up of the metal with erosion-resisting coating or lining.The union elbow 214 of pressure-equalizing pipe 202 and top U-joint can by pottery as carborundum casting form.But carborundum can not be soldered to metal, the extreme and joint method of the another type of the thermal stress of circulation must can be stood to be attached various pipe portions section so must use.Such as, a representative combination of material and joining technique can be 347 stainless steel headers, and this 347 stainless steel header has the alumina bushes of the casting of the aluminium oxide pressure balance pipeline system being brazed to the protective metal shell be provided with for additional strength.
As shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 6, the alternative method realizing passive flux control utilizes the receiver 300 each receiver pipeline 306 being comprised to single standpipe 302 and outlet 304.This configuration eliminates complexity and is difficult to the needs of the collector manufactured.Each receiver 300 will comprise for absorbing the multiple main receiver pipeline 306 of solar radiation, a pair bend pipe 308 at the bottom place of receiver pipeline 306 or " U " shape joint usually, described a pair bend pipe 308 or " U " shape joint make the stream of material reverse and enter standpipe 302, thus go up to flow to the length of receiver pipeline 306 with the direction contrary with sun incident radiation flux.This standpipe 302 end at the heat-transfer matcrial stream of again reversing another to upper bend pipe 310 or upper " U " shape joint, thus allow heat-transfer matcrial to enter chute 312 when outlet 304 is positioned at most I acceptable solution position place.
The embodiment of the receiver of Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 mainly comprises simple pipeline and is easy to the bend pipe of manufacture with relative and such as can be sintered to substantially integrally-built SiC piece construction by pottery simultaneously.Alternatively, single parts can be fired separately and then use available high-temperature adhesives assembling.In each situation, the configuration of the element in the receiver 300 of Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 eliminates the needs producing not fluid coupling thoroughly between the different materials with different heat expansion coefficient.In addition, heat-transfer matcrial is poured into open loop chute 312 from outlet 304 and be used as floss hole for standpipe 302 to make pressure balance and to prevent siphon and to eliminate the needs to fluid coupling thoroughly.In addition, the gap exported between 304 and chute 312 arranges the different heat expansion for compensating between various receiver parts.
It is similar that the receiver embodiment of Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 and the discharge pressure of Fig. 2 to Fig. 3 balance embodiment, by allowing to cause liquid heat transfer material level to rise standpipe 302 until its spilling makes flowing balance inherently from the positive head pressure of main receiver pipeline 306.Therefore, as shown in Figure 4 A, during use, heat-transfer fluid flow into 314 with heat-transfer fluid flow out 316 balance and do not need to use valve, pump or other move volume control device.As shown in Figure 4 B, when heat-transfer fluid stop flow into receiver time, the liquid level in each receiver pipeline 306 by outlet 304 At The Height or outlet 304 height directly over the liquid level equilibrium in each tedge 302.By this way, receiver always will remain full of heat-transfer matcrial, and this will prevent the possibility that may occur in the ducted excessive temperature situation of dry receiver.
The solid heat transfer material that receiver embodiment in Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 can utilize liquid heat transfer material or other places in main receiver pipeline or in heat-transfer matcrial loop to be fused into liquid is implemented.Under any circumstance, heat-transfer matcrial will leave main receiver pipeline 306 as fluid and flow through standpipe 302.
A modification of aforementioned embodiments comprise in case of need such as by day at the end of allow receiver to discharge double duty adjustment hole.Optional adjustment hole 318 (Fig. 8) can be arranged in such as bottom bend pipe 308 one or more bottom bend pipe.Adjustment hole 318 can be sized to and make about 10% of the sub-fraction of heat-transfer matcrial in the normal operation period such as target flow will to be flowed to the primary outlet pipe 320 be connected with chute by this hole.By this way, main heat transfer fluid flow can enter receiver entrance inflow by controlling material regulates, thus will provide enough control liquid levels during regular job.Then, by day, receiver can by stopping the inflow of material and waiting for the liquid heat transfer fluid be present in receiver to discharge and fully drain simply.
The embodiment of Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 has the significant advantage (such as, see, the collector 204 of Fig. 3) of the needs eliminated the collector connecting various receiver pipeline.More precisely, the outlet of each receiver pipeline enters open air flow channel 312, or holds the chute of blanketing gas possibly, thus minimizes or eliminate the needs to the fluid-tight joint of respective collector.The receiver 300 of Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 provides the some operational advantage being more better than conventional Flow Control Design.Such as, owing to needing not be airtight with the connection of chute, the configuration of Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 also eliminates the needs of the steam vent at the top place to each standpipe.The use of standpipe 302 and outlet element 304 eliminates the needs to the flow control valve be difficult to carry out when some heat-transfer fluid such as molten aluminum respectively.In addition, disclosed configuration has following advantages: between outlet 304 with chute 312, comprise gap and do not need to be connected between single outlet 304, therefore providing easier compensation to the thermal expansion of all parts.
The receiver configuration of Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 with the independent pipeline in each joint and bend pipe for feature.This is not restrictive embodiment or configuration.Alternatively, suitable high-temperature ceramic materials can processed, casting or simultaneously sinter to form overall structure thus pipeline selected by replacing and bend pipe and general components quantity because this reducing receiver.Such as, the single parts of two bend pipes and the standpipe for being connected these two bend pipes can be used as by Design and manufacture.
The heat transfer fluid loop of receiver configuration, open-ended and flow control methods as herein described can utilize and experience solid to the heat-transfer matcrial of liquid phase-change when operating temperature and implement in CSP system.In addition, the heat-transfer matcrial adopted in various embodiment disclosed herein can be processed into when being in solid phase has one or more many alternative form, shape or structure.In some embodiments, heat-transfer matcrial is delivered to solar receiver with the form of at least part of solid phase.Such as, heat-transfer matcrial can be delivered to solar receiver with the form of little pearl or bulk material.As used herein, " globule " is granular and relatively free-pouring material.In substituting embodiment, heat-transfer matcrial can such as have about 1.4 with the chip of the solid of the solid billet of extruding or casting, cylindricality solid billet or rod, fragmentation, particulate or granular solids, platelet, any size " x 1.4 " x 7/8 " and the chip of size or other suitable forms processing and be delivered to receiver.
In some embodiments, solar receiver is configured to heating heat-transfer matcrial and causes at least some solid heat transfer material to melt.Alternatively, receiver can only for giving liquid metals, and then liquid metals is heated to " heat " operating temperature of selecting.In each configuration, whether the remainder regardless of the liquid heat transfer material of heat flows to the holding vessel of heat, and then a part for liquid heat transfer metal can recycle in independent melting pot, make solid state heat transfer material melt.
Disclosed system also comprises one or more heat exchanger, one or more heat exchanger described and solar receiver fluid and thermal communication and the liquid heat transfer material received directly or indirectly from receiver.Heat exchanger (or multiple heat exchanger) can be need to provide any type of the heat exchange between liquid heat transfer material and power generation cycle working fluid or the complex product of any grade.If selection phase-change material is heat-transfer matcrial, then heat exchanger (or multiple heat exchanger) also provides the cooling of liquid heat transfer material in conjunction with heated working fluid and solidifies.
For technical convenience, heat exchanger element and other subsystems are described in the drawings and are depicted as simple schematic components.All elements of business system can be implemented by more complicated device.
Disclosed in some, CSP system embodiment comprises material delivery system, material delivery system provide solid heat transfer material from the conveying being exported to solar receiver of heat exchanger with reheat or from the conveying being exported to melting channel of heat exchanger with refuse.Therefore, in these embodiments, the change being solid to liquid phase that some heat-transfer matcrials in heat-transfer matcrial or all heat-transfer matcrial experience comprise when solar energy is applied to heat-transfer matcrial and the liquid phase when solar energy and working fluid exchange are to the thermal cycle of the change of solid phase.
Such CSP system 400 is schematically shown in Fig. 7 to Fig. 8.System 400 is with the use of solid-liquid phase change heat heat transfer material 402 for feature, and solid-liquid phase change heat heat transfer material 402 is stored in the coldest part place of thermal cycle in holding vessel or reservoir vessel 404 in cold holding vessel or container 404 with the form of globule.Although specify " cold " holding vessel 404, but be important to note that term " cold " is relative.Usually cold holding vessel is by solid phase heat-transfer matcrial accommodating at the temperature only a little less than heat-transfer matcrial fusing point.Therefore, cold holding vessel 404 must be insulation and be made up of material suitably durable under preferred temperature.
Solid heat transfer material 402 (being little pearl in this example) utilizes material delivery system 408 to move to the entrance of solar receiver 406.In solar receiver 406, concentrate sunshine, such as by the regional reflex of heliostat 410 sunshine heat heat-transfer matcrial 402, thus cause the change being solid to liquid phase at least some heat-transfer matcrial in heat-transfer matcrial, and the extra heating of liquid heat transfer material can be caused.Heat-transfer matcrial flow in the receiver can be controlled by above-mentioned any device according to above-mentioned any method.Although describe herein and the receiver 406 that embodiment illustrated in the accompanying drawings relates generally to by the area illumination of heliostat 410 tower is installed, system and method disclosed herein can be implemented in substituting CSP device configurations.Such as, system and method disclosed herein also can be implemented in parabolic type slot type CSP system, linear Fresnel formula CSP system or dish-style CSP system.
Liquid heat transfer material 402 temporarily can be stored in the holding vessel 412 of heat from solar receiver 406 downstream.The holding vessel 412 of heat is the main thermal energy storage (TES) of system 400 and thus operation is extended to period of such as solar radiation flux limited or unavailable dusk or night and so on for balance sysmte transient response.The heat energy carrying out the holding vessel 412 of self-heating can also be used for pre-heating system element before the sun rises, thus allow every day point more early produce electric power in time.The holding vessel 412 of heat must by the steel making being such as lined with high-alumina brick, and high-alumina brick provides insulation and is stable under the maximum allowable operating temperature (M.A.O.T.) in receiver exit at the liquid heat transfer material estimated.When aluminium alloy is used for heat-transfer matcrial, the holding vessel being designed for aluminium smelting operation can change into the purposes of the holding vessel 412 of heat.Although not shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that suitable carrier pipe, pipe and valve will be included in Commercial embodiments to allow device operator the heat-transfer matcrial of heat guided to the holding vessel 412 of heat and guide the heat-transfer matcrial of heat to realize TES charging or TES discharging during high solar radiation flux as required from the holding vessel 412 of heat.Because heat trnasfer and thermal energy storage utilize same phase transformation/heat-transfer matcrial to realize, therefore do not exist by heat exchanger being placed on the thermal degradation (thermal degradation) caused between independent heat-transfer fluid and thermal energy storage fluid.
The outlet of liquid heat transfer material 402 from solar collector 406 of heating or the outlet of the holding vessel from heat 412 or obtain from both, and flow through heat exchanger device 414.In the heat exchanger 414 that can comprise some sub-elements or section (stage), heat exchange occurs between the working fluid of heat-transfer matcrial and generating equipment 416.Embodiment disclosed herein is not limited to the heat exchanger 414 of any particular type, generating equipment 416 or any particular job fluid.The High Operating Temperature that the heat-transfer matcrial of some types can be utilized to realize be conducive to circulating with the thermal power generation of higher temperature such as supercritical CO 2 (s-CO2) Bradenton circulate together with use.All types of generating equipment 416 will comprise one or more turbine 418, and one or more turbine 418 described is operated by the working fluid of heating to produce electric power.Generating equipment 416 is usually by some generating equipment elements of comprising in following generating equipment element or all generating equipment elements: turbine 418, compressor, condenser, expansion arc, reflux exchanger, heat exchanger and relevant tube, carrier pipe, valve and control device.
Heat exchanger 414 can comprise independent heat-transfer matcrial conduit and working fluid conduit makes the heat when physical mixed does not occur for heat-transfer matcrial and working fluid stream exchange between heat-transfer fluid and working fluid.Alternatively, liquid heat transfer material can be adopted mutually to enter the heat exchanger of the direct contact of the working fluid of power generation cycle.Directly contact heat exchanger in, when liquid heat transfer material be solidify time, the direct physical between heat-transfer matcrial with working fluid contacts heated working fluid.Once be formed, solid state heat transfer material just can use continuous slagging scorification process to separate with working fluid.Then solid state heat transfer material can utilize solid delivery system 418 to move to cold reservoir vessel 404 and/or receiver 406.
Heat exchanger or components downstream can be selected to provide preparation and the storage of the solid heat transfer material with given shape or size.Such as, as shown in FIG. 9 to 11, heat-transfer matcrial can solidify in the section of solidifying 420, and the section of solidifying 420 is expressed as the excellent extrusion device in the globule in Fig. 9, the billet extrusion device in Figure 10 and Figure 11.After solidification, heat-transfer matcrial can be stored in cold holder 404 with extruding or casting billet, rod, ingot or other larger solid forms and to be delivered to receiver 406.Alternatively, solid heat transfer material can be delivered to receiver with little pearl, granular, chip, platelet, fragmentation or special form.In any embodiment, as mentioned above, flow-control heat-transfer matcrial being inputed to the amount that the amount of receiver and heat-transfer matcrial leave from receiver is provided.Systematic function can be affected and part control by the flow receiving organ pipe by the heat-transfer fluid of management two phases.
Each embodiment of disclosure can also comprise the combination of each element introduced in the claims, is multiple dependent claims of the restriction comprising aforementioned dependent claims and independent claims as each dependent claims.Such displacement obviously falls in the scope of present disclosure.
Although the present invention has carried out illustrating especially and describing with reference to multiple embodiment, what those skilled in the art should understand that has been can carry out in form each embodiment disclosed herein when not deviating from the spirit and scope of the present invention and change in details and each embodiment disclosed herein be not intended to be used as to limit the scope of claim.The full content of all references cited herein is incorporated to herein by reference.
Claims (24)
1. a concentrating solar power generation system receiver, comprising:
At least one receiver pipeline, at least one receiver pipeline described has entrance;
Pressure-equalizing pipe, described pressure-equalizing pipe is communicated with the end fluid relative with described entrance of described receiver pipeline at described receiver pipeline, described pressure-equalizing pipe comprises standpipe portion and outlet, described standpipe portion and described outlet provide the top of described pressure-equalizing pipe and to described receiver pipeline described entrance between passive pressure balance; And
Chute, described chute is positioned to receive the liquid flowed out from the described outlet of described pressure-equalizing pipe, wherein, between the described outlet and described chute of described pressure-equalizing pipe, has gap.
2. concentrating solar power generation system receiver according to claim 1, also comprises the floss hole being arranged in described pressure-equalizing pipe.
3. concentrating solar power generation system receiver according to claim 1, also comprises outlet opening, and described outlet opening is communicated with the described terminal fluid relative with described entrance of described receiver pipeline.
4. concentrating solar power generation system receiver according to claim 1, also comprises multiple receiver pipeline, and described multiple receiver pipeline is communicated with described pressure balance pipe fluid by one or more collector.
5. concentrating solar power generation system receiver according to claim 1, also comprise multiple receiver pipeline, described multiple receiver pipeline is communicated with respective pressure balance pipe fluid, and described respective pressure-equalizing pipe is not communicated with other pressure balance pipe fluids.
6. concentrating solar power generation system receiver according to claim 1, wherein, described receiver pipeline comprises with at least one in described pressure-equalizing pipe the integral blocks simultaneously sintered together with at least one bend pipe.
7. concentrating solar power generation system receiver according to claim 1, wherein, described integral blocks comprises SiC.
8. a concentrating solar power generation system receiver, comprising:
One or more receiver pipeline, one or more receiver pipeline described has entrance and exit;
At least one valve, is associated at least one valve described and one or more receiver pipe operations described; And
Liquid level sensor, is associated to described liquid level sensor and one or more receiver pipe operations described; Described liquid level sensor provides the sensing of the liquid level to the liquid heat transfer material in one or more receiver pipeline described, and described liquid level sensor also provides the feedback of at least one valve described to control the described liquid level of the described liquid heat transfer material in described one or more receiver at least one receiver pipeline ducted.
9. concentrating solar power generation system receiver according to claim 8, also comprises
Material delivery system, described material delivery system provides solid heat transfer material to the conveying of the described entrance of described receiver one or more receiver pipeline ducted.
10. concentrating solar power generation system receiver according to claim 8, also comprises a discharge opeing level sensor, is associated to a described discharge opeing level sensor and multiple receiver pipe operations.
11. concentrating solar power generation system receivers according to claim 8, also comprise multiple valve, and described multiple valve is associated with respective receiver pipeline respectively.
12. concentrating solar power generation system receivers according to claim 8, wherein,
Described valve comprises pottery and infiltrates parts.
13. 1 kinds of concentrating solar power generation systems, comprising:
Solid-liquid phase change heat heat transfer material, described solid-liquid phase change heat heat transfer material is contained in open heat-transfer matcrial loop;
Solar receiver, described solar receiver is configured to receive the solar radiation flux concentrated to heat a large amount of heat-transfer matcrials and the select location place making the solid fraction of described heat-transfer matcrial thus in heat-transfer matcrial loop is fused into liquid phase, and described solar receiver also comprises:
At least one receiver pipeline, at least one receiver pipeline described has entrance;
Pressure-equalizing pipe, described pressure-equalizing pipe is communicated with the end fluid relative with described entrance of described receiver pipeline at described receiver pipeline, described pressure-equalizing pipe comprises standpipe portion and outlet, described standpipe portion and described outlet provide the top of described pressure-equalizing pipe and to described receiver pipeline described entrance between passive pressure balance; And
Chute, described chute is positioned to receive the liquid flowed out from the described outlet of described pressure-equalizing pipe, wherein, between the described outlet and described chute of described pressure-equalizing pipe, has gap; And
Heat exchanger, described heat exchanger is communicated with described solar receiver fluid, described heat exchanger receiving liquid body heat transferring material, and provides the heat exchange between described liquid heat transfer material and the working fluid of power generation cycle.
14. concentrating solar power generation system receivers according to claim 13, wherein, described receiver pipeline comprises with at least one in described pressure-equalizing pipe the integral blocks simultaneously sintered together with at least one bend pipe.
15. concentrating solar power generation system receivers according to claim 14, wherein, described integral blocks comprises SiC.
16. systems according to claim 13, also comprise:
The section of solidifying, described in the section of solidifying solidifying of described liquid heat transfer material is provided; And
Fusing section, described fusing section is separated with described solar receiver, provides utilization from the heat energy of liquid phase heat-transfer matcrial to the fusing of solid phase heat-transfer matcrial.
17. systems according to claim 13, also comprise:
The section of solidifying, described in the section of solidifying solidifying of described liquid heat transfer material is provided;
Material delivery system, described material delivery system provides heat-transfer matcrial from the conveying of the described section of solidifying;
The holding vessel of heat, the holding vessel of described heat is communicated with described heat exchanger fluid with described solar receiver, and the holding vessel of described heat provides and uses described liquid heat transfer material as thermal energy storage medium to carry out thermal energy storage; And
The cold holding vessel of insulation, the cold holding vessel of described insulation and the described section of solidifying and described solar receiver mechanical communication, described cold holding vessel provides the described solid heat transfer material of use as thermal energy storage medium to carry out thermal energy storage.
18. 1 kinds of concentrating solar power generation systems, comprising:
Solid-liquid phase change heat heat transfer material, described solid-liquid phase change heat heat transfer material is contained in open heat-transfer matcrial loop;
Solar receiver, described solar receiver be configured to receive concentrate solar radiation flux with heat a large amount of heat-transfer matcrials and thus the select location place making the solid fraction of described heat-transfer matcrial in heat-transfer matcrial loop is fused into liquid phase, described solar receiver also comprises:
One or more receiver pipeline, one or more receiver pipeline described has entrance and exit;
At least one valve, is associated at least one valve described and one or more receiver pipe operations described; And
Liquid level sensor, is associated to described liquid level sensor and one or more receiver pipe operations described; Described liquid level sensor provides the sensing of the liquid level to the liquid heat transfer material in one or more receiver pipeline described, and described liquid level sensor also provides the feedback of at least one valve described to control the described liquid level of the described liquid heat transfer material in one or more receiver pipeline described; And
Heat exchanger, described heat exchanger is communicated with described solar receiver fluid, described heat exchanger receiving liquid body heat transferring material, and provides the heat exchange between described liquid heat transfer material and the working fluid of power generation cycle.
19. systems according to claim 18, also comprise:
The section of solidifying, described in the section of solidifying solidifying of described liquid heat transfer material is provided;
Material delivery system, described material delivery system provides heat-transfer matcrial from the conveying of the described section of solidifying;
The holding vessel of heat, the holding vessel of described heat is communicated with described heat exchanger fluid with described solar receiver, and the holding vessel of described heat provides and uses described liquid heat transfer material as thermal energy storage medium to carry out thermal energy storage; And
The cold holding vessel of insulation, the cold holding vessel of described insulation and the described section of solidifying and described solar receiver mechanical communication, described cold holding vessel provides the described solid heat transfer material of use as thermal energy storage medium to carry out thermal energy storage.
20. systems according to claim 18, wherein, described in the section of solidifying comprise at least one in casting machine, bead manufacturing installation and billet manufacturing installation.
21. 1 kinds of receiver flow control methods, comprising:
Solid-liquid phase change heat heat transfer material is provided;
Described heat-transfer matcrial is transported in the solar receiver being configured to receive the solar radiation flux concentrated;
The solar radiation flux concentrated is utilized to heat described heat-transfer matcrial in described solar receiver at least partially;
Make liquid phase heat-transfer matcrial from the bottom of described solar receiver upwards feed pressure balance pipe;
Described liquid phase heat-transfer matcrial is made to enter in chute from the outlet flow described pressure-equalizing pipe; And
By the pressure balance in the described exit of the pressure that provides gap to make the porch of described solar receiver between the described outlet and described chute of described pressure-equalizing pipe and described pressure-equalizing pipe.
22. receiver flow control methods according to claim 21, also comprise:
Liquid heat transfer material is delivered to described receiver entrance; And
In the part of separating with described solar receiver of heat transfer fluid loop, solid phase heat-transfer matcrial is fused into liquid phase.
23. receiver flow control methods according to claim 21, also comprise:
Use material delivery system that solid phase heat-transfer matcrial is delivered to described receiver entrance; And
In described solar receiver, described solid phase heat-transfer matcrial is fused into liquid phase.
24. 1 kinds of receiver flow control methods, comprising:
Solid-liquid phase change heat heat transfer material is provided;
A part for solid phase heat-transfer matcrial is put into the solar receiver being configured to receive the solar radiation flux concentrated;
Utilize the described solid heat transfer material of solar radiation flux heating in described solar receiver concentrated at least partially to make described solid phase heat-transfer matcrial be fused into liquid phase;
The liquid level of the described liquid phase heat-transfer matcrial in described solar receiver is monitored by liquid level sensor; And
By carrying out control valve from the feedback of described liquid level sensor to regulate the described liquid level of the described liquid phase heat-transfer matcrial in described solar receiver.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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| US201261746941P | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | |
| US61/746,941 | 2012-12-28 | ||
| PCT/US2013/076624 WO2014105643A1 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2013-12-19 | Flow control systems and methods for a phase change material solar receiver |
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| CN104969012A true CN104969012A (en) | 2015-10-07 |
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| US (1) | US20150316288A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2938935A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104969012A (en) |
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| WO (1) | WO2014105643A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108286839A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-07-17 | 浙江柿子新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of different poly- state heat utilization system of multi-source |
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| US10119728B2 (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2018-11-06 | Virgil Dewitt Perryman, Jr. | Solar energy collection and storage |
| US9101874B2 (en) | 2012-06-11 | 2015-08-11 | 7Ac Technologies, Inc. | Methods and systems for turbulent, corrosion resistant heat exchangers |
| US20170030656A1 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-02-02 | Sfi Electronics Technology Inc. | Thermal energy storage facility having functions of heat storage and heat release |
| US10072896B2 (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2018-09-11 | LoCap Energy, LLC | Modular thermal energy storage system |
| IT201700050467A1 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-10 | Magaldi Power Spa | DEVICE, PLANT AND METHOD FOR ACCUMULATION AND THE EXCHANGE OF SOLAR ENERGY THERMAL ENERGY |
| US10941948B2 (en) | 2017-11-01 | 2021-03-09 | 7Ac Technologies, Inc. | Tank system for liquid desiccant air conditioning system |
| JP7321157B2 (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2023-08-04 | エマーソン クライメイト テクノロジーズ，インコーポレイテッド | Method and apparatus for uniform distribution of liquid desiccant within a membrane module in a liquid desiccant air conditioning system |
| US11022330B2 (en) | 2018-05-18 | 2021-06-01 | Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc. | Three-way heat exchangers for liquid desiccant air-conditioning systems and methods of manufacture |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2014105643A1 (en) | 2014-07-03 |
| WO2014105643A8 (en) | 2015-09-17 |
| CL2015001820A1 (en) | 2015-10-02 |
| EP2938935A1 (en) | 2015-11-04 |
| US20150316288A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
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Application publication date: 20151007 |