CN104966883A - Antenna oscillator assembly, antenna and communication equipment - Google Patents
Antenna oscillator assembly, antenna and communication equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an antenna oscillator assembly, an antenna and a piece of communication equipment. The oscillator assembly comprises a cross sector intersecting oscillator, a support feed assembly, a ground plate and a polarization isolation power dividing device. The cross sector intersecting oscillator is fixed on the top of the support feed assembly. The bottom of the support feed assembly is fixed on the center of the ground plate. The polarization isolation power dividing device is arranged on the central position of the ground plate back side. The cross sector intersecting oscillator is connected with the polarization isolation power dividing device through a coaxial supply line inside the support feed assembly. The antenna oscillator assembly which is no longer dependent on microwave dielectric plates solves the multi-frequency wideband circular polarization feed problem. Meanwhile, by forming the cross sector intersecting oscillator and adjusting the height of the cross sector intersecting oscillator away from the ground plate, the antenna oscillator assembly achieves more flexible directional diagram control and optimized circular polarization characteristics. By means of the polarization isolation power dividing device, the antenna oscillator assembly can make de-rotation multipath signals suppressed. The antenna oscillator assembly which has the characteristics of wideband, low consumption and high efficiency can make the volume, the weight and the cost of the antenna obviously reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, particularly relate to a kind of antenna oscillator assembly, antenna and communication apparatus.
Background technology
(1) technical progress of multiple frequency broad band: first receiver system bandwidth is determined by the bandwidth of antenna element.GPS application at the beginning of, for GPS-L1 single frequency mode, adopt single layer microstrip patch antenna, it only 1% bandwidth just can meet application requirement; Continue after for improve positioning precision, adopt differential GPS, utilize double-frequency GPS-L1 and GPS-L2, Two--Layer Microstrip Antenna, work in L1 and L2 frequency range respectively, bandwidth easily reaches; Current many stars the GNSS epoch of depositing, require the whole navigation frequency range of antenna cover, from 1.1 ~ 1.7GHz..Micro-band of original employing and four-arm spiral antenna all belong to resonant aerial, are difficult to reach current application demand.
(2) high-gain, wide covering, low-loss radiating element progress: micro-strip paster antenna utilizes the metal ground plate at its back side to realize hemispheric beam, and adopts microstrip line real-time performance circular polarization feed.This feeding network is due to the various losses of microstrip line, and such as: the factors such as dielectric loss, conductor losses and radiation loss make feed limited efficiency, this is disadvantageous concerning the system that small-signal receives, and it directly affects its noise factor and sensitivity.General antenna gain is lower, how near 3 ~ 4dBic.Due to microstrip line dispersive influence, its impedance matching and circular polarization bandwidth are also very limited.The present invention does not adopt the microstripline feed network of more restriction and defect to the feed of basic radiating element, but takes coaxial feed ' Balun ' mode.Avoid microstrip-fed various losses, its loss is reduced widely, improve efficiency and the gain of element antenna.
(3) anti-multipath usefulness progress: various reflection multi-path jamming is the main error source that current high-acruracy survey type receiver affects its positioning precision.Multi-path influence how is suppressed to be the major issue that high-acruracy survey type receiver is paid close attention to.What current application was maximum is add chokes ring in antenna periphery, and this makes antenna body large, and matter weight, cost is high.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of broadband circle polarized hemi-beam antenna vibrator component, antenna and communication apparatus.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of antenna oscillator assembly, comprises cross covering of the fan cross oscillator, supports feed assembly, ground plate and polarization isolation merit separating device; Described crossed dipole is fixed on and supports feed assembly top, ground plate central authorities are fixed on bottom described support feed assembly, described polarization isolation merit separating device is installed on center, the ground plate back side, and described crossed dipole is connected with polarization isolation merit separating device by the inner wire supporting feed assembly inside.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: antenna oscillator assembly of the present invention does not adopt microstrip feed network by supporting that feed assembly and polarization isolation merit separating device achieve 4 circular polarization feeds to cross covering of the fan cross oscillator, solve multiple frequency broad band problem, and by the various broadbands Shape design of crossed dipole, more broadband, more flexibly Pattern control, more excellent circular polarization characteristics can be accomplished by crossed dipole apart from the adjustment of ground plate height; Suppress derotation polarization components signal while realizing feed by polarization isolation merit separating device, antenna oscillator assembly of the present invention can obviously reduce antenna volume, weight and cost.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, centered by described cross covering of the fan cross oscillator, circle symmetrical structure, comprises four identical covering of the fan oscillators, and described covering of the fan oscillator pairwise orthogonal arrangement, forms crossed dipole.
Adopt the friendship effect of above-mentioned further scheme: by covering of the fan oscillator geometry and Selecting parameter, this antenna is made to have broad frequency band by short oscillator capacitive loading structure, and keep certain height between the ground plate of described crossed dipole and antenna, to form half space radiation directional diagram.
Further, described covering of the fan oscillator is radially bent into obtuse angle at middle part.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme: covering of the fan oscillator is bent into obtuse angle and can obtains wider covering angular domain.
Further, described crossed dipole top is by dielectric ring fixing metal guiding plate.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme: the ground plate of described crossed dipole and a determining deviation obtains hemispheric beam, this wave cover angular domain (beamwidth) by covering of the fan oscillator figuration, control as passive metal guiding plate acting in conjunction of guiding into the spacing of ground plate and oscillator top.
Further, described support feed assembly adopts four supporting bar structures, wherein two support bars are double does RF feed, RF coaxial line extends there through, with offside support bar and covering of the fan oscillator, one end ensures that microwave is electrically connected, form the coaxial balancing feed BALUN of 0 °/180 °, the other end is connected with the input port of described polarization isolation merit separating device, achieves 4 circular polarization feeds to cross covering of the fan cross oscillator.
Further, be the auxiliary allotment coaxial line of Z1, bottom short circuit containing characteristic impedance in two other support bar of described support feed assembly, the auxiliary allotment coaxial line of described bottom short circuit makes offside coaxial inner conductor and covering of the fan oscillator keep microwave joining by the distributed capacitance that top is formed, and forms the coaxial balancing feed BALUN of 0 °/180 °; The heart yearn of the feeding coaxial lines included in two support bars has one section of matching section, with the auxiliary allotment coaxial line acting in conjunction of the bottom short circuit of offside support bar, itself and coaxial feeder system then can be made to realize impedance matching without the need to additional deployment device.
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme: in supporting component, two support bars are double does RF feeding coaxial lines, two other support bar forms the auxiliary allotment coaxial line of bottom short circuit, and the built-in matching section acting in conjunction in itself and RF feeding coaxial lines realizes the symmetric feeds to central radiating element and the impedance matching to feeding coaxial lines; The auxiliary allotment coaxial line of bottom short circuit makes offside coaxial inner conductor and covering of the fan oscillator have good microwave to contact by the distributed capacitance that top is formed, and forms the coaxial balancing feed BALUN of 0 °/180 °.And form impedance allotting network with offside coaxial line, then can realize the coupling to 50 Ω coaxial lines without the need to additional network;
Feeding network of the present invention is made up of the feed ' Balun ' of coaxial 0 °/180 ° and 3dB/90 ° of polarization isolation merit separating device, form exclusive circular polarization feeder equipment, not only realize forming 4 circular polarization feeds to radiation center unit, can also isolate cross polarization (LHCP) component, its main component is reflection multipath signal.The exclusive feature of this feeder equipment is compact conformation, and integrated level is high, and feed RF loss is low, and easily and antenna and receiver integrated.
Further, the packing of described polarization isolation merit is set to and comprises two input ports and two output ports, and described input port is connected with the RF cable supporting feed assembly inside respectively, and an output port connects receiver, and another output port connects absorption resistance.
Described polarization isolation merit separating device is a kind of balance mixed branch coupler hybrid, it provides the power division of 3dB/90 ° to vibrator component, together with the feed BALUN of 0 °/180 ° that support bar assembly is formed, achieve 4 circular polarization feeds to cross covering of the fan cross oscillator (1).
Adopt the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme: not only achieve the circular polarization feed to crossed dipole, simultaneously also to because of reflection, the cross polarization interference that multipath causes just carry out when entering antenna absorptions suppression, make it not enter receiver system.
A kind of antenna, comprises the antenna oscillator assembly described in technique scheme.
A kind of communication apparatus, comprises antenna described in technique scheme.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of antenna oscillator structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of antenna oscillator vertical view of the present invention.
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows:
1, crossed dipole, 2, support feed assembly, 3, ground plate, 4, polarization isolation merit separating device, 1-1, covering of the fan oscillator, 1-2, metal guiding plate, 1-3, dielectric ring.
Embodiment
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
The invention belongs to broadband, the basic antenna element of circular polarization.Can be applicable in GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) (GNSS) terminal receiver antenna, as the central radiating element of antenna.Also any needs in the antenna of formation broadband, circular polarization, hemispheric beam can be extended to.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of antenna oscillator assembly, comprise crossed dipole 1, support feed assembly 2 and, ground plate 3 and polarization isolation merit separating device 4; Described crossed dipole 1 is fixed on and supports feed assembly 2 top, ground plate 3 central authorities are fixed on bottom described support feed assembly 2, described polarization isolation merit separating device 4 is installed on center, the ground plate back side, and described crossed dipole 1 is connected with polarization isolation merit separating device 4 by the inner wire supporting feed assembly 2 inside.
As shown in Figure 2, centered by described crossed dipole 1, circle symmetrical structure, comprises four identical covering of the fan oscillator 1-1, and described covering of the fan oscillator 1-1 pairwise orthogonal arrangement, forms crossed dipole.By covering of the fan oscillator 1-1 geometry and Selecting parameter, make this antenna have broad frequency band by short oscillator capacitive designing load, and keep certain height between the ground plate of described crossed dipole and antenna, to form half space radiation directional diagram.Described covering of the fan oscillator is radially bent into obtuse angle at middle part, to obtain wider covering angular domain.
Described crossed dipole 1 top is by dielectric ring 1-3 fixing metal guiding plate 1-2.The ground plate 3 of described crossed dipole and a determining deviation obtains hemispheric beam, this wave cover angular domain (beamwidth) by covering of the fan oscillator 1-1 figuration, control as passive metal guiding plate 1-2 acting in conjunction of guiding into the spacing of ground plate 3 and oscillator top.
Described support feed assembly 2 adopts four supporting bar structures, wherein two support bars are double does RF feed, RF cable extends there through, and the distributed capacitance formed by top makes offside support bar coaxial inner conductor and covering of the fan oscillator keep microwave joining, forms the coaxial balancing feed BALUN of 0 °/180 °.The two heart yearn other ends are connected with the input port of described polarization isolation merit separating device 4, double do the two support bars built-in band matching section of RF feed coaxial inner conductor and two other support bar in the auxiliary coaxial line acting in conjunction of bottom short circuit that formed, just capable of realizing impedance matching without the need to additional allotting network.Simplify feed structure and turn avoid microstrip-fed various losses, its loss is reduced widely, improve efficiency and the gain of element antenna.
Described polarization isolation merit separating device 4 is 3dB/90 ° of ceramic power splitter, comprise two input ports and two output ports, described input port is connected with the RF cable supporting feed assembly 2 inside respectively, and an output port connects receiver, and another output port connects absorption resistance.Adopt 3dB/90 ° of ceramic power splitter, not only achieve the circular polarization feed to crossed dipole, simultaneously also to because of reflection, the cross polarization interference that multipath causes just carry out when entering antenna absorptions suppression, make it not enter receiver system.
A kind of antenna, comprises described antenna oscillator assembly.
A kind of communication apparatus, comprises described antenna.
Below the present invention is described in detail as follows.
1. the technical problem solved is as follows.
1) multifrequency, broadband.
The single layer microstrip patch antenna that the terminal receiver antenna single-frequency from the beginning of Technique of Satellite Navigation and Positioning, single mode receive.Its frequency band is narrow, and only about 1%; Continue after develop into the Two--Layer Microstrip Antenna of double-frequency GPS-L1 and GPSL2, coexist to current many stars, share, its working band requires to include whole navigation frequency range, from 1.1-1.7GHz.Microband paste, four arm spirals are traditional most widely used navigation positioning receiver antennas, and because its resonance characteristic adopts 4 circularly polarization microstrip feeding networks in addition, its working frequency range does not reach the wide-band applications requirement of multi-frequency multi-mode.The Wide-Band Design that the basic radiating element that the present invention proposes have employed cross covering of the fan figuration oscillator adds that the broadband performance of coaxial feed ' Balun ' makes the working band of basic radiating element of the present invention reach whole navigation frequency range.
2) the efficient circular polarization feed of low damage.
The feeding network that navigation neceiver antenna the most often uses is microstrip network.This feed includes the various ways such as dielectric loss, conductor losses and radiation loss, and general networking loss is larger.It directly has influence on the gain of receiver antenna and the noise factor of receiver system and sensitivity.Due to microstrip line dispersive influence, its impedance matching and circular polarization bandwidth are also very limited.The present invention takes coaxially-balanced feeding ' Balun ' mode and low-loss ceramic power splitter to basic radiating element, avoids microstrip-fed various losses, can accomplish that impedance matching in more broadband and desirable circular polarization realize.
3) directional diagram figuration adjustment.
Microband paste, the type antenna such as four arm spirals are once determine just without adjustable leeway.The ground plate of crossed dipole of the present invention and suitable yardstick forms basic hemispheric beam element antenna.Require that adjustable oscillator is apart from ground plate height according to antenna gain and cone of coverage, adjustment oscillator covering of the fan geometric parameter adjusts its antenna pattern.There is more flexibility and adaptability.
4) provide polarization isolation, reduce spuious impact and enter receiver.
The present invention contains the circular polarization polarization isolation merit separating device to crossed dipole.First this device will ensure the broadband circle polarized feed to oscillator; Derotation multipath signal through reflecting to form can also be given absorption to leach simultaneously, ensureing that receiver does not disturb by it as far as possible.
2. basic fundamental feature is as follows.
1) the present invention has the multiple frequency broad band characteristic that many stars share, share.
The present invention adopts crossed dipole, and by 4 identical covering of the fan oscillators, pairwise orthogonal is arranged.In order to obtain wider covering angular domain, this covering of the fan oscillator downward bending becomes obtuse angle.By covering of the fan oscillator geometry and Selecting parameter, this antenna is made to have broad frequency band by short oscillator capacitive loading structure.The ground plate of described crossed dipole and antenna has certain altitude, to form half space radiation directional diagram.Therefore, four covering of the fan oscillators are arrived certain altitude by four bracing member height respectively.
2) realize gain and cover the adjustable hemispheric beam of angular domain.
Feature of the present invention is that hemispheric beam can adjust as required.The present invention obtains hemispheric beam jointly as the crossed dipole of basic radiating element and tool ground plate at regular intervals, this wave cover angular domain (beamwidth) by covering of the fan oscillator figuration, control as passive metal guiding plate acting in conjunction of guiding into the spacing of ground plate and oscillator top.
3) the circular polarization feeding network of low-noise factor.
Feeding network of the present invention does not adopt microstrip feed network, it is made up of two parts: a part be 0 °/180 ° coaxial-balanced feeding ' balun ', another part is the 3dB/90 ° of ceramic power splitter differentiated with polarization, defines the circular polarization feed of basic radiating element.It effectively prevent microstrip-fed intrinsic various losses, improves feed efficiency.As the antenna of receiver front end, it is favourable to reduction receiver system noise undoubtedly that loss reduces.The suppression to derotation polarization components is completed again while feed realizes.
4) four support bars of support structure and feed ' Balun ' are doubled as.
Feed feature of the present invention be RF feed and oscillator structure support share.Covering of the fan oscillator of the present invention needs there is certain height apart from ground plate, and need again, to its feed, to have employed four supporting bar structures, wherein two poles double as RF feed, and RF cable extends there through simultaneously for this reason.The inner wire of cable is extended to collateral support bar, ensure that microwave is electrically connected with offside support bar and covering of the fan oscillator, by adjusting size and the height of support bar, making support bar crust without exciting current, ensure that the balanced feeding of two offside oscillator 0 °/180 °.All the other two support bars play a supportive role.Top apart from covering of the fan oscillator certain distance has a circular metal plate to be installed on the axis of 4 covering of the fan oscillators as metal guiding plate.
The auxiliary allotment coaxial line acting in conjunction of the impedance matching section that in four poles, coaxial feeder is built-in and bottom short circuit, then need not can realize coaxial feed coupling by additional impedance allotting network.
5) 3dB/90 ° of power splitter of simple and easy, low consumption.
Power splitter of the present invention does not adopt microstrip circuitry plate to realize 3dB/90 ° of merit to divide, but have employed that body is little, light weight and the low ceramic 3dB/90 ° of power splitter of RF loss.The 3dB/90 ° of power splitter adopted due to the present invention is a branch coupler having two output ports to be isolated from each other ' hybrid '.The feature of this device is the feed of not only constant amplitude, 90 ° of phase shifts to covering of the fan Harmonic Oscillators, but also absorbs orthogonally polarized component field, makes it not enter in receiver system.
6) polarization is differentiated and anti-multipath usefulness
The 3dB/90 ° of power splitter that the present invention adopts is a balanced mixer having two output ports to be isolated from each other ' hybrid '.This polarization isolation merit separating device, except completing oscillator except circular polarization feed, absorbs derotation polarization components at another output port, derotation multipath signal is not entered in receiver, realizing feeding function simultaneously, also has the anti-multipath usefulness that polarization is differentiated.
The present invention is in order to increase bandwidth of operation, and crossed dipole have employed gradual change wideband structural, and feed have employed coaxial circles polarization feed (3dB/90) and the coaxial feed balun to balance designs.Four vertical support bar, wherein have two for coaxial feed be high-frequency signal passage.The inner wire coaxial by two flat copper bundle of lines two feeds is connected with offside pole, can adopt machinery and welding manner, to ensure the reliability that RF connects.Four covering of the fan oscillators insert outside four vertical support bar symmetrically, ensure RF conducting.
Connect between crossed dipole and metal guiding plate and adopt medium annulus, two, crossed dipole top orthogonal feed line exceeds four covering of the fan oscillator tops, just in time be positioned in the middle part of annulus, these two feed lines are coupled together the pole in the center conductor of 0 ° of direction coaxial feeder and offside (180 °) direction, design adopts the copper strips of 0.5mm thickness, copper strip surface area is suitable with coaxial center conductors area, adopts machinery and welding two kinds of modes to be connected.
The present invention can obtain following technique effect.
1. the broadband character of short short element antenna, working frequency range covers whole navigation frequency range;
2. need not additional impedance allotting network, achieve antenna oscillator assembly and 50 Ω coaxial feeds are mated;
2. the low feeder loss of vibrator component, can obtain higher gain and wider covering angular domain;
3. the symmetrical circular polarization feed of four vibrator component, can obtain more wide-angle circular polarization characteristics;
4. vibrator component circle symmetrical structure and symmetric feeds, can obtain more symmetrical directional diagram;
5. antenna oscillator assembly is without microwave-medium plate feeding network, and structure is light, cost is low, easily realizes;
6. there is the merit separating device of polarization isolation anti-multipath jamming;
7. this feed structure that the present invention selects all is better than micro-band plate four-point feed in the many-side such as electric, structure, cost.The present invention can make similar antenna feed obtain the lifting of matter.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an antenna oscillator assembly, is characterized in that, comprises cross covering of the fan cross oscillator (1), supports feed assembly (2), ground plate (3) and polarization isolation merit separating device (4);
Described cross covering of the fan cross oscillator (1) is fixed on and is supported feed assembly (2) top, described support feed assembly (2) bottom is fixed on ground plate (3) central authorities, described polarization isolation merit separating device (4) is installed on center, the ground plate back side, and described cross covering of the fan cross oscillator (1) is connected with polarization isolation merit separating device (4) by the coaxial feeder supporting feed assembly (2) inner.
2. a kind of antenna oscillator assembly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, circle symmetrical structure centered by described cross covering of the fan cross oscillator (1), comprise four identical covering of the fan oscillators (1-1), described covering of the fan oscillator (1-1) pairwise orthogonal arrangement, forms cross covering of the fan cross oscillator.
3. a kind of antenna oscillator assembly according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described covering of the fan oscillator (1-1) is radially bent into obtuse angle at middle part.
4. a kind of antenna oscillator assembly according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cross covering of the fan cross oscillator (1) top is by dielectric ring (1-3) fixing metal guiding plate (1-2).
5. a kind of antenna oscillator assembly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described support feed assembly (2) adopts four supporting bar structures, wherein two support bars are double does RF feed, RF coaxial line extends there through, with offside support bar and covering of the fan oscillator, one end ensures that microwave is electrically connected, form the coaxial balancing feed BALUN of 0 °/180 °; The other end is connected with the input port of described polarization isolation merit separating device (3).
6. according to claim 5 antenna oscillator assembly, it is characterized in that, containing characteristic impedance in two other support bar of described support feed assembly (2) is Z1, the auxiliary allotment coaxial line of bottom short circuit, the auxiliary allotment coaxial line of described bottom short circuit makes offside coaxial inner conductor and covering of the fan oscillator keep microwave joining by the distributed capacitance that top is formed, in two support bars, the heart yearn of feeding coaxial lines has one section of matching section, and the auxiliary allotment coaxial line acting in conjunction of bottom short circuit with offside support bar, itself and coaxial feeder system then can be made to realize impedance matching without the need to additional deployment device.
7. a kind of antenna oscillator assembly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described polarization isolation merit separating device (4) is for comprising two input ports and two output ports, described input port is connected with the RF cable supporting feed assembly (2) inside respectively, an output port connects receiver, and another output port connects absorption resistance.
8. a kind of antenna oscillator assembly according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, polarization isolation merit separating device (4) is a kind of balance mixed branch coupler Hybrid, it provides the power division of 3dB/90 ° for vibrator component, together with the feed BALUN of 0 °/180 ° that support bar assembly is formed, achieve 4 circular polarization feeds to cross covering of the fan cross oscillator (1).
9. an antenna, is characterized in that, comprises the antenna oscillator assembly according to any one of claim 1-8.
10. a communication apparatus, is characterized in that, comprises antenna described in claim 9.
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| CN113363721A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-09-07 | 武汉虹信科技发展有限责任公司 | Isolation supporting device |
| CN114069239A (en) * | 2021-11-14 | 2022-02-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Broadband stable wide beam cavity oscillator antenna |
| CN114069239B (en) * | 2021-11-14 | 2024-01-30 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Broadband stable wide-beam cavity element antenna |
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| CN104966883B (en) | 2018-01-19 |
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Effective date of registration: 20230807 Address after: 100000 Courtyard 7, Wulutong Street, Xicheng District, Beijing Patentee after: Jiang Xinfa Address before: Room 105, Est Building, No. 15 West Fourth Ring North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100097 Patentee before: BEIJING ANTENG TIANHUI COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |