A kind of hyperthermia and superheating water vapor atmosphere creep fatigue experimental rig
Technical field
The present invention relates to material tensile loads creep fatigue testing field, and in particular to for carrying out metal material under arms
A kind of hyperthermia and superheating water vapor atmosphere creep fatigue experimental rig tested under environment.
Background technology
Overheated steam is widely used in the industries such as generating, machining, food, its generating means, conveyance conduit so should
Severe with object (such as steam turbine) Service Environment, high temperature, overheated steam, static stress, dynamic stress are often born simultaneously includes alternation
The effect of stress, equipment and materials performance degradation even failure phenomenon is of common occurrence, has a strong impact on the safe operation of equipment.Therefore,
Its Service Environment of accurate simulation and the experimental rig of material property state under the environment can be tested in the urgent need to a kind of, be specially
Under high temperature, overheated steam environment and complex stress condition, test the material property of metal material and study its material and lose
Mechanism is imitated, so as to provide data and theories integration for the design and security maintenance of relevant device.
In view of this, entitled " high frequency under high temperature steam environments is tired for Publication No. CN103954514A Chinese patent
Herein below is disclosed in the patent text of labor service life experiment system and test method ":A kind of " the high frequency under high temperature steam environments
Fatigue life test system, it includes test rack, and steam chest and fatigue tester, fatigue examination are fixedly installed on test rack
The machine of testing realizes the high frequency CYCLIC LOADING of fatigue testing specimen, and sample passes through steam chest, and the two ends of sample are rotatable close with steam chest respectively
Envelope connection, the center section of sample is in the internal environment of steam chest, and steam chest includes steam input and steam is exported
End, the steam input connection steam generator of steam chest, steam generator sets deoxygenation to fill on a cistern water supply, water tank
Put, the steam output end of steam chest, which is connected, connects measure of oxygen content device on a condenser, condenser." said structure is certain
The partial simulation working environment of actual components, it is achieved thereby that metal material is in complex stress and hyperthermia and superheating vapor ring
Test under border.The present invention is distinguished with it to be essentially consisted in, 1. on load capability, and the present invention is in addition to fatigue loading, also with compacted
Become, persistently, creep-fatigue interaction load capability, triangular wave, trapezoidal wave, sine wave can independent assortment, amplitude, frequency can
Adjust;2. in environmental simulation ability, the present invention is heated at high temperature using induction coil to sample, also ensure that vapor simultaneously
Hyperthermia and superheating feature, and temperature adjustment is flexibly, institute's simulated environment more presses close to the actual Service Environment of relevant device.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art to be suitable to practical hyperthermia and superheating water steaming there is provided a kind of
Compression ring border creep fatigue experimental rig, the present apparatus is that metal material is tested under complex stress and hyperthermia and superheating water vapor atmosphere
Perfect hardware platform is constructed, is it so as to every material property of the accurate detection sample to be tested under its Service Environment
Material failure study mechanism provides necessaries.Ensuring the accuracy of its result of the test simultaneously, its reliable and stable work and imitate
Rate is high.
To achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of hyperthermia and superheating water vapor atmosphere creep fatigue experimental rig, the present apparatus at least includes being used to provide sample with compacted
Become on the creep fatigue testing machine loading frame of tired loading force, the loading frame and be provided for the upper and lower of two ends fixation sample
Pull bar;The present apparatus also includes being used to monitor the load transducer of sample stress load, for providing sample with wet-hot steam environment
Vapor generating assembly, monitor sample surrounding environment vapor (steam) temperature thermocouple assembly and for monitoring and handling each component
And the switch board of information collected by sensor, it is characterised in that:The present apparatus also includes the heat resistant transparent for possessing hollow lumen construction
Pipe, coaxial fixed upper and lower ring cowling at the shaft of the upper and lower pull bar, upper and lower ring cowling end pipe corresponding to heat resistant transparent pipe
Mouthful place co-axial seal linking setting can axial stretching bellows, the upper ring cowling, ripple tube wall, the tube wall of heat resistant transparent pipe
And lower ring cowling encloses the sample testing environment for constituting sealing clad type jointly;The inlet end of vapor generating assembly runs through upper ring
Lid is to connect above-mentioned annular seal space, and the outlet side of vapor generating assembly runs through lower ring cowling to connect above-mentioned annular seal space;The present apparatus is also
Including sensing heating component, the load coil winding of sensing heating component is arranged at heat resistant transparent pipe pipe shaft and managed with it
There is spacing between body.
The present apparatus also grips heat resistant transparent respectively including being fixed on being used on creep fatigue testing machine loading frame
The upper and lower cover clamp of the upper and lower end mouth of pipe of pipe, the upper and lower cover clamp profile is in by the symmetrical left plate body of two-phase and right panel
Equal indent is provided with arc at the adjacent edges of boards of the Kazakhstan that the adjacent edges of boards split of body is constituted not fastening type structure, left plate body and right panel body
Shape groove, above-mentioned arcuation groove is constituted for heat resistant transparent pipe after two plate body splits through the through hole to grip;It is described
It is connected between upper and lower cover clamp with connecting mutual pull bar support column;Bellows be used for and the heat resistant transparent pipe mouth of pipe coordinate
Place sets both retainer rings of sealing linking, and the upper ring cowling, lower ring cowling, retainer ring, bellows and heat resistant transparent pipe are coaxial
Arrangement, and bolt type immovable fitting is constituted between retainer ring and corresponding cover clamp and ring cowling.
Being convexly equipped with for extension at the edges of boards lower edge with the cooperation of right panel body to the right plate body edges of boards for the left plate body is got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation
Pasted each other along corresponding projection top bar portion, the step surface of two stage portions on portion, the edges of boards for being used to coordinate to left plate body of right panel body
Close and run through to have by its step surface coaxial vertical and the affixed cooperation of bolt is constituted between fastening bolt, left and right plate body.
Collar flange is convexly equipped with the two ends of the heat resistant transparent pipe outer tube wall, two collar flanges coordinate heat resistant transparent pipe
Pipe shaft collectively form heat resistant transparent pipe two ends are thick and middle thin three sections of multi-diameter shafts construction;The upper face of the upper press cover plate
Constitute and recline formula clamping engagement between collar flange shoulder at the upper end of heat resistant transparent pipe outer tube wall, push the lower face of cover plate with
The formula clamping engagement that reclines is constituted at the lower end of heat resistant transparent pipe outer tube wall between collar flange shoulder.
Push the support bar for being installed with the upper face of cover plate and possessing two horizontal through holes, load coil
Into and out of line end be each passed through two horizontal through holes of above-mentioned support bar and connect outside sensing heating component.
Heat resistant transparent pipe is quartz glass tube, and loading transmission component is located at lower pull bar lower end and load transducer is arranged
In upper connecting rod upper end.
It is provided through connecting the drainage pipeline of externally drained equipment at the lower ring cowling.
Each part linking sealing position is respectively provided with sealing gasket.
Main advantages of the present invention are:
1) many defects that the Mid-section heating mode and static pieces sealing structure of traditional experiment device are brought, have been abandoned.
The present apparatus is constructed by the annular seal space formed with the upper and lower ring cowling and bellows at heat resistant transparent pipe, upper and lower pull bar, real
The comprehensive parcel for metal material to be measured and the complete reproduction of its actual Service Environment are showed.Due to test button quilt
Overall sealed envelope is in above-mentioned annular seal space, and therefore, its entirety is by high hot steam and various load institute's erosion degree and phase
The expression effect that the performance capabilities loaded answered apparently more is fitted under actual Service Environment.On the one hand the present apparatus is added by sensing
Heat coil heating sample surrounding enviroment, the test temperature that up to 700 DEG C of realization is needed with the perfect test realized under its hot environment
Ask.On the other hand, by being filled with overheated steam in heat resistant transparent pipe, with reference to foregoing load coil, formation more meets
The hyperthermia and superheating water vapor atmosphere of its actual Service Environment.Afterwards, then creep fatigue testing machine loading frame is passed through, you can realization
The creep fatigue load capability of sample.
The present apparatus is rational in infrastructure and reliable, can realize the croop property of metal material under overheated steam environment, persistently
Performance and La-drawing stress alternation fatigue property test.Due to coordinating firm between each sealing structure and matching somebody with somebody in the absence of static and dynamic sealing
Close, seal failure phenomenon of also just having no way of, ensure that self-isolation that above-mentioned sealing cavity configuration is external;Meanwhile, mode of heating becomes
For overall heating arrangement, more to meet the Service Environment that its is actual, taken so as to online accurate detection sample to be tested at it
Use as a servant every material property under environment and study its material failure mechanism, and can ensure that the accuracy of its result of the test, with final
Instrument can be used by being provided for experimental study of the metal material under complex stress, high temperature and overheated steam environmental activity.
2), the arrangement of cover clamp, concrete implementation heat resistant transparent pipe is relative to the crystallized ability between external frame.Consider
Normal installing to sample must avoid each construction package for opening and pre-setting.Therefore, look for another way herein by left and right plate
The two-piece construction of body.When needing to install sample, the retainer ring at upper and lower pull bar is dismantled first, pull bar support column is unloaded, tears open
It is opened in left and right plate body, you can, afterwards can moving away from each other by upper and lower pull bar by revealing for heat resistant transparent pipe independence
Make, vacate the withdrawal space of heat resistant transparent pipe, sample installing can be carried out again therewith.The present invention is by said structure, perfectly
Realize the annular seal space environment pair constituted in the upper ring cowling being coaxially disposed, lower ring cowling, retainer ring, bellows and heat resistant transparent pipe
While outer seal function, the detachability of internal sample is can ensure that again, so as to provide base for the repetitive cycling use of the present apparatus
This guarantee.Certainly, as can axial stretching bellows and cover clamp between fixation convergence piece, the setting of retainer ring also belongs to must
Will.Under the fastening force effect of bolt, the anchor ring of retainer ring is by being pressed together at the end surfaces of heat resistant transparent pipe tightly, to ensure
Face between the two is fastened sealing property.
3), the split function of left and right plate body, has benefited from step fit structure between the two.At both mating edges
Stage portion, so as to complete bolt fastening ability between the two.Certainly, also can be outside by similar hanger etc. in practical operation
The face fit structure of fastener or ramp type, can equally realize the cooperation function between left and right plate body, only need to realize it is above-mentioned
Fixing heat-resistant transparent pipe can realize that the quick of heat resistant transparent pipe is torn open to ensure while its job stability, again when needing dismounting
Effect is filled, can specifically be taken the circumstances into consideration to select according to actual conditions, just repeated no more herein.
4) it is, the immovable fitting ability of the upper and lower cover clamp of guarantee and heat resistant transparent pipe, between cover clamp and heat resistant transparent pipe
Cooperation position, should be at the collar flange at the two ends of heat resistant transparent pipe.So, conformability on the one hand between the two, it is ensured that
Working stability degree between the two;On the other hand, during assembling, also there is more accurate rigging position, so as to facilitate its fast quick-mounting
With operation.In fact, assembling of the cover clamp to heat resistant transparent pipe, is not only only that the radial constraint to its pipe shaft.In resistance to heat penetration
In the axial direction of bright pipe, it should also which the axial restraint means such as above-mentioned collar flange are set, to ensure heat resistant transparent pipe by fixing
Under the power effect transmitted at ring, do not produce along its axial play situation, to ensure its stable working, the setting of collar flange
Purpose is also just here, this is to ensuring that the accuracy of its test data has Beneficial Effect.
5), for load coil, it is contemplated that the electrode influences of its own, the arrangement of support bar is passed through, it is ensured that its that
This non-interference property, with the loading vibration for preventing to transmit at creep fatigue testing machine loading frame it is lower string caused by possibility
Line short circuit phenomenon.The arrangement of drainage pipeline, allows for vapor and shows into the condensed water being likely to occur after aforementioned seal chamber
As.Sealing gasket should be arranged at each sealing, to lift its external sealing property.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is work structuring schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 removes the dimensional structure diagram after creep fatigue testing machine loading frame for the present invention;
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 half sectional view;
Fig. 4 a, 4b are respectively upper press cover plate and push the assembly structure figure of cover plate;
Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of quartz glass tube.
The corresponding relation of each label and each component names of the present invention is as follows in accompanying drawing:
Pull bar under 10- creep fatigue testing machine loading frame 11- upper connecting rods 12-
Ring cowling 13- loads transmission component 20- load transducers under the upper ring cowling 12a- of 11a-
30- vapor generating assembly 31- inlet end 32- outlet sides 40- thermocouple assemblies
50- switch board 60- quartz glass tube 61- collar flange 70- bellowss
80- sensing heating component 81- load coil 91- upper press cover plates
911- first step 912- second steps 92- pushes cover plate 92a- support bars
93- pull bar support column 100- retainer rings
A- Sample As-left plate body B- right panel bodies
Embodiment
For ease of understanding, the specific test device and its operating process of the present invention are made further below here in connection with accompanying drawing
Description:
The specific implementation structure of the present invention, as Figure 1-5, including provides sample a with the creep of creep fatigue loading force
Fatigue tester loading frame 10, in addition to upper connecting rod 11, lower pull bar 12 for two ends fixation sample a, wherein, lower pull bar 12
Upper end-fixture by be positioned at heat resistant transparent pipe the lower section of quartz glass tube 60 the tube chamber of bellows 70, finally probe into quartz glass
To clamp the bottom of the affixed sample a of spiral in other words in pipe 60, the lower end of lower pull bar 12 is connected with loading transmission component 13.
Fixture is probeed into quartz glass tube 60 by the tube chamber of bellows 70 positioned at the top of quartz glass tube 60 at the lower end of upper connecting rod 11
With affixed sample a upper end, the upper end of upper connecting rod 11 is connected with load transducer 20.It is tired that load transducer 20 is arranged on creep
On the crossbeam of labor testing machine loading frame 10.Now, sample a is located between upper connecting rod 11, the fixture of lower pull bar 12 and located, and position
In the tube chamber of quartz glass tube 60.
Ring cowling 11a is provided with the shaft of upper connecting rod 11, as Figure 2-3, during practical operation, itself or by welding cloth
Put, or by fit sealing, need to only realize secure fit and sealing effectiveness between the two.Equally, set at lower pull bar 12
There is lower ring cowling 12a.Upper ring cowling 11a lower surface and lower ring cowling 12a upper surface are respectively and fixedly connected with corresponding bellows 70
One end, and the other end of two bellowss 70 is then realized by retainer ring 100 for the mouth of pipe end face of quartz glass tube 60
Gluing, sealing.Now, no matter creep fatigue testing machine loading frame 10 provides which kind of loading force and upper connecting rod 11, lower pull bar 12
Action how is driven fixture to, when being reflected in external structure, the length change of the flexible amplitude of bellows 70 is also only that, and
Do not interfere with and consolidated and enclosed by upper ring cowling 11a, bellows 70, retainer ring 100, quartz glass tube 60 and lower ring cowling 12a
The external sealing of the subenvironment of formation, is also just not present static and dynamic sealing failure and External Environment Problem of Failure.
The fixed structure of quartz glass tube 60, will rely on the upper press cover plate 91 at its two pipe end that is placed in, push cover plate 92
To realize.The two ends mouth of pipe external diameter small shrinking neck type step axle construction of stage casing pipe shaft external diameter greatly is presented in quartz glass tube 60 itself,
Specifically as shown in figure 5, the two ends of quartz glass tube 60 are provided with collar flange 61.Two cover clamps are left plate body A and right panel
Body B splits are constituted, as shown in Figure 2.Left plate body A, right panel body B are provided with circular groove at its mating surface, to ensure at both
After split, can be formed for quartz glass tube 60 by and clamping quartz glass tube collar flange 61 pass structure.Upper pressure
Cover plate 91, push between cover plate 92 and to ensure cooperation tightness between the two and both so that three pull bar support columns 93 are affixed each other
Spacing.Upper press cover plate 91, push affixed cooperation is then directly constituted between cover plate 92 and creep fatigue testing machine loading frame 10.And position
Retainer ring 100 at the two ends mouth of pipe of quartz glass tube 60, then coordinate affixed corresponding cover clamp by bolt, you can ensures stone
Tight abutment between English glass tube 60 and the corresponding anchor ring of retainer ring 100 coordinates.Upper press cover plate 91, push cover plate 92 with it is corresponding solid
Determine between ring 100, also can be affixed each other by stay-bolt, to ensure position steadiness between the two, just repeat no more herein.
As shown in fig. 4 a, upper press cover plate 91 can each other be involuted by halved body or multiple splits, between halved body
Or the first step 911 for being easy to pairing each other is provided between multiple splits, the middle part of upper press cover plate 91 is provided with clamping stone
The second step 912 of the ring-type of English glass tube collar flange 61.As shown in Figure 4 b, the structure of lower cover 92 and upper press cover plate 91
Structure is more similar, and here is omitted.
For ensure aforementioned seal chamber simulation metal material Service Environment subenvironment formation, in quartz glass tube 60
Outside, load coil 81 can be arranged, specifically as Figure 2-3, to provide the automatic control heating function of its interior environment.Pass through outside
Switch board 50, pass through degree, loaded load size and time etc. of sensing heating, steam for quartz glass tube 60 can make
To controllable control, finally to ensure the accuracy of its test data.
During practical operation of the present invention, lower pull bar 12 through downside bellows 70 by load transmission to sample a lower ends, and lead to
Cross sample a upper ends and load is transferred to load transducer 20 along upper connecting rod 11, measuring and calculating letter is finally formed by load transducer 20
Number and the incoming switch board 50 controlled with industrial computer at, to realize the standing wave shape loading to sample a.Using load coil 81
Heating sample a, and measure specimen temperature to input switch board 50 by thermocouple assembly 40, realize and sample a constant temperature degree is added
Heat.Pass through upper ring cowling 11a, upside bellows 70, upside retainer ring 100, quartz glass tube 60, downside retainer ring 100, lower side wave
Line pipe 70 and lower ring cowling 12a formation sealing cavity spaces, and the overheated steam that vapor generating assembly 30 is produced is from upside ripple
It is passed through at the connecting tube of pipe 70 in above-mentioned annular seal space, to form the overheated steam experimental enviroment needed for measurement sample parameter, mistake
Hot steam discharges at the connecting tube of downside bellows 70.Pass through said structure, you can realize to sample a load, heat with
The synchronous effect of three aspects of overheated steam environment, finally realizes its dynamical online Service Environment simulation and measuring and calculating energy
Power.