CN104962950A - Method for reducing occurrence of anode effect during aluminum electrolysis and corresponding anode structure - Google Patents
Method for reducing occurrence of anode effect during aluminum electrolysis and corresponding anode structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN104962950A CN104962950A CN201510340164.3A CN201510340164A CN104962950A CN 104962950 A CN104962950 A CN 104962950A CN 201510340164 A CN201510340164 A CN 201510340164A CN 104962950 A CN104962950 A CN 104962950A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
- C25C3/12—Anodes
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for reducing occurrence of anode effect during aluminum electrolysis and a corresponding anode structure. The method is characterized in that an electrolyte layer is provided with a gas channel which can extend to the bottoms of carbon anodes, mixed gas which is accumulated on bottom palm surfaces of the carbon anodes during aluminum electrolysis production can be exhausted by the gas channel, and oxygen can be delivered to the bottom palm surfaces of the carbon anodes. The anode structure for implementing the method comprises anode steel claws and anode carbon blocks, and is characterized in that through holes are formed in the top backs of upper beams of the anode steel claws and are open to the bottoms of the anode carbon blocks along the central axes of claw columns. The method and the anode structure have the advantages that the mixed gas at the palm bottom positions of the carbon anodes can be exhausted, opportunities of repeated direct contact of the oxygen and molten aluminum can be increased, occurrence frequency of the anode effect during aluminum electrolysis can be effectively reduced, and the aluminum electrolysis production cost can be reduced to a great extent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and a kind ofly reduce the method and corresponding anode construction that electrolysis of aluminum Anodic effect occurs, belong to Aluminium Electrolysis technical field.
Background technology
Anode effect is the distinctive phenomenon of fused salt electrolysis, and with Aluminum Electrolysis Production performance excellent be obvious.In production when anode effect occurs, bath voltage sharply raises, and reaches 20 ~ 50V, sometimes even higher.Its generation produces a very large impact whole electrolytic series, and current efficiency is reduced, and affects each technical indicator of electrolysis, and the seed output and quality of aluminium is reduced, and destroys the steady electricity supply of whole electrolytic series.In the method for process, generally there are two kinds: extinguish by effect rod (wooden stick), or reduce anode, increase the discharge quantity of aluminum oxide; To reach the object of anode effect terminating.Also find no better treatment process up till now.
Anode effect occur mechanism: up till now about anode effect occur mechanism opinions vary, but the genesis mechanism of well explain anode effect is that " anodic process change theory " this viewpoint is thought: anode effect be due to the carrying out along with electrolytic process, in ionogen, oxygen-carrying ion reduces gradually, after acquiring a certain degree, then there is fluorine harm and generate the fluorochemical of charcoal with anode carbon effect, the fluorochemical of charcoal separates out again trickle carbon granule when decomposing, these carbon granules are on the anode surface attached, prevent the contact of ionogen and anode, make ionogen can not moistening anode well, just as water can not the surface of moistening oiling, make to be formed between ionogen-anode one deck and conduct electricity bad air film, anodic overvoltage increases, cause anode effect.After adding new aluminum oxide, anode separates out oxygen again, oxygen and powdered carbon react, and make anode surface quiet gradually, resistance reduces, and electrolytic process is tending towards again normal.The reason that this viewpoint well explain anode effect occurs, by electrolysis, scientific worker is accepted.
Anode effect endangers: in the hazardness of Aluminium Electrolysis Anodic effect, not only shows in the harm of producing, and extremely serious to the harm of ecological ring environment.Be mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) anode effect hazardness is to the harm of producing: in production when anode effect occurs, electrolytical temperature sharply raises, 940 DEG C ~ 955 DEG C by normal value are elevated to 980 DEG C ~ 990 DEG C rapidly, the fusing of stove side is thinning, adds the possibility that side wall carbon block is etched.The sharply rising of voltage, makes Series current fluctuation, affects the output of electrolyzer, and power consumption increases.The extinguishing method producing Anodic effect is: effect rod i.e. (branches of about 2 ~ 3 rice diameter 2 ~ 4cm) are inserted in aluminium liquid the gas membrane making wooden stick fire row except anode bottom, bottom clean anode, actual is at Burning Aluminium liquid, whole process approximately continues 3 ~ 5 minutes, and the electrochemical process of now electrolysis stops, this namely electrolysis worker often say that " Effect time does not produce aluminium, but also " the reason place of wanting leakage of electricity to consume.Therefore the heavy losses of aluminium liquid are caused.For 300KA pre-baked anode cell with center feeding: effect coefficient 0.3 time/groove day, Effect time 5min, current efficiency 93%, the time of a process effect is 60 min, an anode effect produces primary aluminum less: 300 × 0.3355 × 5 ÷ 60=8.4kg, and ton aluminium power consumption increases 158kwh; This energy is converted into heat energy aborning mostly, and temperature between electrolyzer pole span is sharply raised, and then the conduction of anode surrounding, and the electrolyzer temperature made raises, and causes a large amount of volatilizations of aluminum fluoride in ionogen.
Traditional viewpoint is thought: utilize anode effect to be separated breeze, and clean ionogen, supplements the deficiency of electrolyzer heat, changes precipitation.But along with the raising of quality of anode and Intelligent Fuzzy Control department of computer science unify the application of point feeding technology, anode effect advantage more and more becomes negligible, and therefore traditional this viewpoint can not adapt to current modern electrolyzer and produce.(2) anode effect is to the harm of environment: in Aluminium Electrolysis, and anode effect is also along with the generation to the damaging PFCs of atmospheric ozone layer (CF4.C2F6) gas.Current western developed country is very strict to the environmental requirement of electrolysis of aluminum.Our country is the signature country of international " Kyodo Protocol book ", and reduce Greenhouse effect, environment protection is obligation one can't decline.Therefore on control noxious gas emission, the reinforcement that will be bound to from now on.In Aluminium Electrolysis, strict control anode effect is the requirement in epoch.(3) anode effect is to the harm of forest: the extinguishing method of Aluminium Electrolysis Anodic effect has three kinds: (1), use leakage shovel anode effect terminating.(2) drag anode effect terminating, is used.(3), with effect rod (wooden stick) anode effect terminating.These three kinds of methods are Aluminium Electrolysis particularly methods of commonly using of self-roasting tank.At present, self-roasting tank is domestic is nearly all transformed into pre-baked anode cell with center feeding.And anode production is organized in prebaked cell employing more, the method for drag, leakage shovel anode effect terminating loses effect, effect rod, that is: the branch of about 2 ~ 3 rice diameter 2 ~ 4cm, becomes the unique method extinguishing effect.The develop rapidly of Present Domestic Aluminium Electrolysis, within 2003, broken through 520 tons, become the first in the world Chan Lv state, the use of effect rod sharply increases.As mustn't go to control, havoc will inevitably be brought to forest.
Society, particularly western countries, very strict to the control of Aluminium Electrolysis Anodic effect.The idea in management of " aiming at null effect " that famous international aluminium expert Haupin proposes, be worth our thinking, Haupin thinks, according to the present situation of aluminum i ndustry development, " null effect " manages ideal.In today that environmental protection becomes more and more important, in Aluminium Electrolysis, particularly strictly anode effect should be controlled in large-scale pre-baked cell is produced, as long as electrolytic bath condition is normal, just effect need not be carried out." null effect " management is the direction of Aluminium Electrolysis Future Development.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide method and corresponding anode construction that a kind of reduction electrolysis of aluminum Anodic effect that effectively can reduce the frequency that electrolysis of aluminum Anodic effect occurs occurs.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method reducing electrolysis of aluminum Anodic effect and occur, it is characterized in that: in Aluminium Electrolysis, the gas passage that can lead to bottom carbon anode is set at dielectric substrate, mixed gas poly-for carbon anode bottom area in Aluminium Electrolysis can be discharged by gas passage, simultaneously by oxygen delivery to carbon anode bottom face.
On the anode steel jaw that described gas passage is arranged on carbon anode and anode carbon block.
Realize an anode construction for aforesaid method, comprise anode steel jaw and anode carbon block, it is characterized in that: offer at the back, top of anode steel jaw upper beam and lead to through hole bottom anode carbon block along pawl post central axis.
The diameter of described through hole is between 30 ~ 60 ㎜.
Advantage of the present invention is: the mixed gas of position, carbon anode palm bottom can be discharged, increased the chance that oxygen repeatedly directly contacts with aluminium liquid simultaneously, effectively reduce the frequency of electrolysis of aluminum Anodic effect generation, greatly reduce the production cost of electrolytic aluminum.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Aluminum Electrolysis Production schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of carbon anode;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the stereographic map of anode steel jaw;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of anode carbon block.
In figure: 1. anode rod, 2. anode steel jaw, 3. anode carbon block, 4. through hole, 5. gas collection layer, 6. dielectric substrate, 7. aluminium cell, 8. aluminium liquid layer, 9. charcoal negative electrode, 10. metal wave layer.
Embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, a kind of method reducing electrolysis of aluminum Anodic effect and occur of the present invention: in Aluminium Electrolysis, the gas passage that can lead to bottom carbon anode is set at dielectric substrate, mixed gas poly-for carbon anode bottom area in Aluminium Electrolysis can be discharged by gas passage, simultaneously by oxygen delivery to carbon anode bottom face.On the anode steel jaw that described gas passage is arranged on carbon anode and anode carbon block.
With reference to accompanying drawing 2 ~ 5, a kind of anode construction realizing aforesaid method, comprises anode steel jaw 2 and anode carbon block 3, offers lead to through hole 4 bottom anode carbon block along pawl post central axis at the back, top of anode steel jaw upper beam.
The diameter of described through hole is between 30 ~ 60 ㎜.
Embodiment:
For 300KA pre-baked anode cell with center feeding: the six pawl anodes adopting prior art, effect coefficient 0.3 time/groove day, Effect time 5min, current efficiency 93%, the time of a process effect is 60 min, an anode effect produces primary aluminum less: 300 × 0.3355 × 5 ÷ 60=8.4kg, and ton aluminium power consumption increases 158kwh.
Adopt technology of the present invention, a through hole led to bottom anode carbon block is offered along each pawl post central axis in the back, top of anode steel jaw upper beam, and the diameter of each through hole is 40 ㎜.Effect coefficient reduces to 0.1 time/groove day, and primary aluminum output is increased, and ton aluminium power consumption obviously reduces.
Claims (4)
1. the method reducing electrolysis of aluminum Anodic effect and occur, it is characterized in that: in Aluminium Electrolysis, the gas passage that can lead to bottom carbon anode is set at dielectric substrate, mixed gas poly-for carbon anode bottom area in Aluminium Electrolysis can be discharged by gas passage, simultaneously by oxygen delivery to carbon anode bottom face.
2. the method that occurs of reduction electrolysis of aluminum Anodic effect according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on the anode steel jaw that described gas passage is arranged on carbon anode and anode carbon block.
3. realize an anode construction for the method described in claim 1 or 2, comprise anode steel jaw and anode carbon block, it is characterized in that: offer at the back, top of anode steel jaw upper beam and lead to through hole bottom anode carbon block along pawl post central axis.
4. anode construction according to claim 3, anode construction, the diameter of described through hole is between 30 ~ 60 ㎜.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510340164.3A CN104962950A (en) | 2015-06-18 | 2015-06-18 | Method for reducing occurrence of anode effect during aluminum electrolysis and corresponding anode structure |
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| CN201510340164.3A CN104962950A (en) | 2015-06-18 | 2015-06-18 | Method for reducing occurrence of anode effect during aluminum electrolysis and corresponding anode structure |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2569382A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-19 | Dubai Aluminium Pjsc | Anode yoke, anode hanger and anode assembly for a Hall-Heroult cell |
| FR3121938A1 (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-21 | Rio Tinto Alcan International Limited | Multipod and anode assembly |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201704421U (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-01-12 | 广西强强碳素股份有限公司 | Slotted carbon anode used for aluminum electrolysis |
| CN201793768U (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2011-04-13 | 重庆天泰铝业有限公司 | Aluminum electrolysis anode structure |
| CN201801607U (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-04-20 | 湖南中大业翔科技有限公司 | Combined anode carbon block for aluminum electrolysis |
| CN203890451U (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-10-22 | 扬州八方机电设备有限公司 | Anodic structure for improving discharge rate of electrolytic gas in aluminum electrolytic cell |
-
2015
- 2015-06-18 CN CN201510340164.3A patent/CN104962950A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201704421U (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-01-12 | 广西强强碳素股份有限公司 | Slotted carbon anode used for aluminum electrolysis |
| CN201793768U (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2011-04-13 | 重庆天泰铝业有限公司 | Aluminum electrolysis anode structure |
| CN201801607U (en) * | 2010-09-08 | 2011-04-20 | 湖南中大业翔科技有限公司 | Combined anode carbon block for aluminum electrolysis |
| CN203890451U (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-10-22 | 扬州八方机电设备有限公司 | Anodic structure for improving discharge rate of electrolytic gas in aluminum electrolytic cell |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 杨帅 等: "铝电解槽预焙阳极开槽对气泡排出的影响", 《中南大学学报(自然科学版)》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2569382A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-19 | Dubai Aluminium Pjsc | Anode yoke, anode hanger and anode assembly for a Hall-Heroult cell |
| FR3121938A1 (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-21 | Rio Tinto Alcan International Limited | Multipod and anode assembly |
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