CN104953546A - Protection detection device for photovoltaic assembly or power system as well as control method of protection detection device - Google Patents
Protection detection device for photovoltaic assembly or power system as well as control method of protection detection device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a protection detection device for a photovoltaic assembly or a power system as well as a control method of the protection detection device. The protection detection device comprises a current sensor, an electronic switch, a bypass switch, a signal detecting and processing unit and a drive power. The electronic switch is connected with the bypass switch in parallel; the electronic switch and the bypass switch which are connected in parallel are connected with the current sensor, the photovoltaic assembly or the power system in series. The current sensor is connected with the signal detecting and processing unit; the output end of the signal detecting and processing unit are connected with control ends of the electronic switch and the bypass switch respectively; the drive power supplies power to the signal detecting and processing unit. The protection detection device can protect the photovoltaic assembly and the power system when the photovoltaic assembly or the power system breaks down, has the characteristics of no conduction loss, no switching arc and the like, can be used for detecting the current, the voltage, the power and the temperature of the photovoltaic assembly or the power system and can be communicated with an external device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic module and power system technologies field, be specifically related to a kind of protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system and control method thereof.
Background technology
When AC power supply system or the abnormal failure such as DC power system generation electric arc or overcurrent, the most effective mode is loop of cutting off the electricity supply in time.The protection switch of low insertion loss and high reliability seems particularly important.The switching arc problem of mechanical switch cannot solve all the time, even more serious in the DC power system not having voltage over zero.Electronic switch, because conduction loss is large and reverse problem of withstand voltage, is difficult to alternative mechanical switch.
Universal along with photovoltaic generation and DC energy storage device, particularly build the development of photovoltaic and electric automobile, the detection of high voltage direct current electric arc and protection problem, become increasingly conspicuous.How effectively to detect the serial arc of direct current system and parallel arc and overcurrent and overvoltage; and automatically how tripping protection facilitates fire-fighting and rescue and maintenance maintenance to need and to cut off and how closed high DC power supply detects the voltage of each direct current component and electric current and temperature information and exception and automatically protect current; for arc extinguishing and the overcurrent protection of DC line; only have manual direct current interruption product on the market, fault cannot be met and automatically protect the demand with Based Intelligent Control.Be badly in need of a electronic switching device, substituted volume be large, the life-span is short, cost is high, mechanical switch that switching arc is serious, there is again fault and automatically protect and the product of Based Intelligent Control.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system and control method thereof; this device and control method thereof can not only when faults such as photovoltaic module or power-supply system generation electric arc, overcurrent, overvoltage or electric leakages; photovoltaic module and power-supply system are protected; have without conduction loss, without features such as switching arcs; can also detect the electric current of photovoltaic module or power-supply system, voltage, power and temperature, and can communicate with external device (ED).
For achieving the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme:
For a protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system, comprise current sensor, electronic switch, by-pass switch, input processing unit and driving power; Described electronic switch and by-pass switch are first connected in parallel, and the electronic switch be connected in parallel and by-pass switch are connected in series with current sensor, photovoltaic module or power-supply system again.This device also comprises voltage sensor, and voltage sensor is connected in parallel on the two ends of photovoltaic module or power-supply system, and the output of voltage sensor is connected with the input of input processing unit.Current sensor is connected with input processing unit.The output of input processing unit is connected with the control end of electronic switch, by-pass switch respectively; Driving power is that input processing unit is powered.Also comprise coupling communication signals device, described coupling communication signals device is connected in parallel on the two ends of electronic switch and by-pass switch.
Specifically, described photovoltaic module or power-supply system, current sensor, electronic switch are connected successively, and by-pass switch is connected in parallel on the two ends of electronic switch, and current sensor connects the negative pole of photovoltaic module or power-supply system.
Described current sensor, photovoltaic module or power-supply system, electronic switch are connected successively, and by-pass switch is connected in parallel on the two ends of electronic switch, and current sensor connects the positive pole of photovoltaic module or power-supply system, and electronic switch connects the negative pole of photovoltaic module or power-supply system.
Described photovoltaic module or power-supply system, electronic switch, current sensor are connected successively, and by-pass switch is connected in parallel on the two ends of electronic switch, and electronic switch connects the negative pole of photovoltaic module or power-supply system.
Described electronic switch, photovoltaic module or power-supply system, current sensor are connected successively, and by-pass switch is connected in parallel on the two ends of electronic switch, and the positive pole of photovoltaic module or power-supply system connects electronic switch, and negative pole connects current sensor.
Described electronic switch, current sensor, photovoltaic module or power-supply system are connected successively, and by-pass switch is connected in parallel on the two ends of electronic switch, and current sensor connects the positive pole of photovoltaic module or power-supply system.
Described current sensor, electronic switch, photovoltaic module or power-supply system are connected successively, and by-pass switch is connected in parallel on the two ends of electronic switch, and electronic switch connects the positive pole of photovoltaic module or power-supply system.
After described photovoltaic module or power-supply system and current sensor are connected in series and electronic switch and by-pass switch be connected in parallel.
In the mains supply, this device also comprises the first rectifier and the second rectifier.Described electronic switch comprises the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch; First electronic switch and the first rectifier are connected in series, and by-pass switch is connected in parallel on the two ends of the first electronic switch and the first rectifier be in series; Second rectifier and the second electronic switch are connected in series, the electronic switch of these two groups series connection and rectifier reverse parallel connection, more in parallel with by-pass switch.Except aforesaid way, in the mains supply, bidirectional electronic switch also can be adopted to realize the function of above-mentioned two groups of electronic switches and rectifier, and this bidirectional electronic switch is thyristor.
Described electronic switch adopt in Metal-Oxide Semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), power transistor (GTR), static induction transistor (SIT), static induction thyristor (SITH), Intelligent Power Module (IPM), power integrated circuit (PIC), thyristor any one;
Described by-pass switch adopts the mechanical switch such as relay, contactor.During due to electronic switch conducting, its two ends can produce the pressure drop of volt level, have larger conduction loss.Adopt the mechanical type such as relay or contactor by-pass switch, the conduction loss of electronic switch can be reduced further.The preferential conducting of electronic switch and delayed disconnection, the delayed closed and preferential disconnection of by-pass switch.The conduction loss of mechanical type by-pass switch is extremely low, and contact also can not produce electric arc because not having high voltage.Preferably, normally-closed contact and the electronic switch of by-pass switch are connected in parallel, and like this, when there being fault, input processing unit drives the normally-closed contact of by-pass switch to disconnect, and can reduce the wastage.
Described electronic switch, by-pass switch, input processing unit and driving power are packaged into independently device; Or be packaged into special chip; Or with other device and integration of equipments, share the hardware and software resource of other device and equipment.
Described electronic switch, by-pass switch, input processing unit, driving power and photovoltaic component terminal box integrative packaging; The radiating surface of heater members contacts with photovoltaic component frame or thermal component to be installed, and described thermal component adopts the material that heat conductivility is good.
The temperature sensor of described input processing unit contacts with photovoltaic component back plate to be installed.
The invention still further relates to a kind of control method of above-mentioned protection checkout gear, the method comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) when device powers on or every period of time T, input processing unit transmits control signal, first closed electronic switch, then bypass switch opens, rear closes bypass switch;
(2) utilize the current signal of current sensor Real-time Collection photovoltaic module or power-supply system, and the current signal collected is sent to input processing unit;
(3) input processing unit carries out analysis judgement according to the operating state of the current signal received to photovoltaic module or power-supply system, and according to analyzing the break-make of judged result driving electronic switch and by-pass switch; If photovoltaic module or power-supply system operation irregularity, then perform step (4); If photovoltaic module or power-supply system need to communicate with external device (ED), then perform step (5); If photovoltaic module or power-supply system are recovered from abnormality, then perform step (6);
(4) input processing unit transmits control signal to electronic switch and by-pass switch, first bypass switch opens, then disconnects electronic switch;
(5) first bypass switch opens, then by controlling the through and off of electronic switch, external device sends signal of communication;
Or, first bypass switch opens and electronic switch, recycling is connected in parallel on the coupling communication signals device at electronic switch and by-pass switch two ends, and external device sends signal of communication;
First bypass switch opens and electronic switch, the voltage signal at recycling electronic switch two ends, receives the signal of communication of external device (ED);
Or first closes bypass switch and electronic switch, recycle the current sensor of connecting with electronic switch, receives the signal of communication of external device (ED);
(6) input processing unit transmits control signal to electronic switch and by-pass switch, first closed electronic switch, then closes bypass switch.
From above technical scheme, the present invention adopts current sensor and voltage sensor, can detect the abnormal failure waveform signal of photovoltaic module or power-supply system; Adopt the signal of input processing unit to current sensor and voltage sensor collection to process, realize error protection by control electronic switch and by-pass switch.The present invention is applicable to combinationally using with photovoltaic module, inverter, header box, electric automobile and batteries and all kinds of AC and DC power-supply system and equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is systematic schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the main circuit topology figure in embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the main circuit topology figure in embodiment 2;
Fig. 4 is the main circuit topology figure in embodiment 3;
Fig. 5 is the main circuit topology figure in embodiment 4;
Fig. 6 is the main circuit topology figure in embodiment 5;
Fig. 7 is the main circuit topology figure in embodiment 6;
Fig. 8 is the main circuit topology figure in embodiment 7;
Fig. 9 is the main circuit topology figure in embodiment 8;
Figure 10 is the main circuit topology figure in embodiment 9;
Figure 11 is the structural representation one of protection checkout gear;
Figure 12 is the structural representation two of protection checkout gear.
Wherein:
1, electronic switch, 2, by-pass switch, 3, current sensor, 4, input processing unit, 5, driving power, 6, coupling communication signals device, 7, rectifier, 8, photovoltaic module or power-supply system, 9, frame, 10, terminal box, 11, heater members, 12, backboard, 13, temperature sensor, 14, photovoltaic module or photovoltaic module string.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:
embodiment 1
A kind of protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system as shown in Figure 1, comprises current sensor 3, electronic switch 1, by-pass switch 2, input processing unit 4 and driving power 5.Described electronic switch 1 is first connected in parallel with by-pass switch 2, then is connected in series with current sensor 3.This device also comprises voltage sensor, and voltage sensor is connected in parallel on the two ends of photovoltaic module or power-supply system 8, and the output of voltage sensor is connected with the input of input processing unit 4.Described current sensor 3 is connected with input processing unit.The output of described input processing unit 4 is connected with the control end of electronic switch 1, by-pass switch 2 respectively.Described driving power 5 is powered for input processing unit 4.Described electronic switch 1, by-pass switch 2, input processing unit 4 and driving power 5 are packaged into independently device, also partly or entirely can be packaged into special chip; Or with other device and integration of equipments, partly or entirely share hardware and the software resource of other devices and equipment.As shown in figure 11, electronic switch 1, by-pass switch 2, input processing unit 4, driving power 5 and photovoltaic component terminal box 10 integrative packaging, the radiating surface of heater members 11 and photovoltaic component frame 9 or the good material of other heat conductivilitys are installed.As shown in figure 12, this device also comprises backboard 12 and the temperature sensor 13 be arranged on backboard 12.Input processing unit 4, for the unusual fluctuations signal of the electric current and voltage that detect photovoltaic module or power-supply system, process unusual fluctuations signal also controls by-pass switch, being turned on or off of electronic switch.
As shown in Figure 2, the main circuit topology of the protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system of the present invention comprises electronic switch 1, by-pass switch 2, current sensor 3.Current sensor 3 is connected between electronic switch 1 and photovoltaic module or power-supply system 8 negative pole, and by-pass switch 2 and electronic switch 1 are connected in parallel.
When the protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system of the present invention is applied on photovoltaic combiner box or inverter, be serial or parallel connection in electric power loop, realize error protection by deenergization loop or short circuit power supply.When the protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system of the present invention is applied in batteries, when an error occurs, can to cut off the electricity supply loop by automatic or manual.
embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 3, the main circuit topology of the protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system of the present invention comprises electronic switch 1, by-pass switch 2, current sensor 3.Current sensor 3 is connected with photovoltaic module positive pole or power-supply system positive pole, and electronic switch 1 is connected with photovoltaic module negative pole or power-supply system negative pole, and by-pass switch 2 and electronic switch 1 are connected in parallel.
embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 4, the main circuit topology of the protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system of the present invention comprises electronic switch 1, by-pass switch 2, current sensor 3.Electronic switch 1 is connected between current sensor 3 and photovoltaic module negative pole or power-supply system negative pole, and by-pass switch 2 and electronic switch 1 are connected in parallel.
embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 5, the main circuit topology of the protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system of the present invention comprises electronic switch 1, by-pass switch 2, current sensor 3.Current sensor 3 is connected with photovoltaic module negative pole or power-supply system negative pole, and electronic switch 1 is connected with photovoltaic module positive pole or power-supply system positive pole, and by-pass switch 2 and electronic switch 1 are connected in parallel.
embodiment 5
As shown in Figure 6, the main circuit topology of the protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system of the present invention comprises electronic switch 1, by-pass switch 2, current sensor 3.Current sensor 3 is connected between electronic switch 1 and photovoltaic module positive pole or power-supply system positive pole, and by-pass switch 2 and electronic switch 1 are connected in parallel.
embodiment 6
As shown in Figure 7, the main circuit topology of the protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system of the present invention comprises electronic switch 1, by-pass switch 2, current sensor 3.Electronic switch 1 is connected between current sensor 3 and photovoltaic module positive pole or power-supply system positive pole, and by-pass switch 2 and electronic switch 1 are connected in parallel.
embodiment 7
As shown in Figure 8, the main circuit topology of the protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system of the present invention comprises electronic switch 1, by-pass switch 2.Electronic switch 1 is connected in parallel with the output of photovoltaic module or photovoltaic group string 14; By-pass switch 2 and electronic switch 1 are connected in parallel.Now, driving power 5 is from the power taking of third party's external power source.
embodiment 8
As shown in Figure 9, the main circuit topology of the protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system of the present invention comprises electronic switch 1, by-pass switch 2, rectifier 7.The electronic switch 1 of two groups of series connection and by-pass switch 2 in parallel after rectifier 7 reverse parallel connection.When the protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system of the present invention is applied in the mains supply; with electronic switch 1 and the rectifier reverse parallel connection of two groups of series connection; in parallel with by-pass switch again; or available thyristor is in parallel with mechanical switch, carry out the electrical switchgears such as alternative circuit breaker, contactor, earth leakage protective device.
embodiment 9
As shown in Figure 10, the protection of photovoltaic module of the present invention or power-supply system and the device of detection and control comprise electronic switch 1, by-pass switch 2, current sensor 3, input processing unit 4, driving power 5, coupling communication signals device 6.Current sensor 3 is connected on electronic switch 1 and photovoltaic module negative pole, and electronic switch 1 other end is connected with next photovoltaic module positive pole, and by-pass switch 2 and electronic switch 1 are connected in parallel.Circuit parameter is sent to input processing unit 4 by current sensor 3, and input processing unit 4 sends control signal, controls the on-off of electronic switch 1 and by-pass switch 2; Driving power 5 is connected with connected photovoltaic module or power-supply system, for input processing unit 4, electronic switch 1 and by-pass switch 2 are powered.At the two ends of electronic switch 1 and by-pass switch 2, parallel communication signal coupler 6.
When with communication with external apparatus, bypass switch opens 2 and electronic switch 1, utilize the coupling communication signals device 6 being connected in parallel on electronic switch 1 and by-pass switch 2 two ends, controls the through and off of coupler, and external device sends signal of communication.Closes bypass switch 2 and electronic switch 1, utilize the current sensor 3 of connecting with electronic switch 1, receives the signal of communication of external device (ED).
The invention still further relates to a kind of control method of above-mentioned protection checkout gear, the method comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) when device powers on, input processing unit transmits control signal to electronic switch and by-pass switch, first closed electronic switch, then bypass switch opens, rear closes bypass switch;
(2) utilize the current signal of current sensor Real-time Collection photovoltaic module or power-supply system, and the current signal collected is sent to input processing unit;
(3) input processing unit carries out analysis judgement according to the operating state of the current signal received to photovoltaic module or power-supply system, and according to analyzing the break-make of judged result driving electronic switch and by-pass switch; If photovoltaic module or power-supply system operation irregularity, then perform step (4); If photovoltaic module or power-supply system need to communicate with external device (ED), then perform step (5); If photovoltaic module or power-supply system are recovered from abnormality, then perform step (6); If photovoltaic module or power-supply system working properly, then every period of time T, input processing unit transmits control signal to electronic switch and by-pass switch, first closed electronic switch, then bypass switch opens, rear closes bypass switch;
(4) input processing unit transmits control signal to electronic switch and by-pass switch, first bypass switch opens, then disconnects electronic switch;
(5) first bypass switch opens, then by controlling the through and off of electronic switch, external device sends signal of communication;
Or, first bypass switch opens and electronic switch, recycling is connected in parallel on the coupling communication signals device at electronic switch and by-pass switch two ends, and external device sends signal of communication;
First bypass switch opens and electronic switch, the voltage signal at recycling electronic switch two ends, receives the signal of communication of external device (ED);
Or first closes bypass switch and electronic switch, recycle the current sensor of connecting with electronic switch, receives the signal of communication of external device (ED);
(6) input processing unit transmits control signal to electronic switch and by-pass switch, first closed electronic switch, then closes bypass switch.
The present invention controls the break-make of by-pass switch by input processing unit, and control the through and off of electronic switch, send code signal to communicate with other devices in series loop, and receive the signal of communication of other devices in series loop by the change of current sensor.
Above-described embodiment is only be described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not scope of the present invention is limited; under not departing from the present invention and designing the prerequisite of spirit; the various distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical scheme of the present invention and improvement, all should fall in protection range that claims of the present invention determines.
Claims (9)
1., for a protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system, it is characterized in that: comprise current sensor, electronic switch, by-pass switch, input processing unit and driving power; Described electronic switch and by-pass switch are connected in parallel, and the electronic switch be connected in parallel and by-pass switch are connected in series with current sensor, photovoltaic module or power-supply system again; Described current sensor is connected with input processing unit; The output of described input processing unit is connected with the control end of electronic switch, by-pass switch respectively; Described driving power is respectively input processing unit and powers.
2. a kind of protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise coupling communication signals device, described coupling communication signals device is connected in parallel on the two ends of electronic switch and by-pass switch.
3. a kind of protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this device also comprises the first rectifier and the second rectifier; Described electronic switch comprises the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch, and the first electronic switch and the first rectifier are connected in series, and the second rectifier and the second electronic switch are connected in series; The electronic switch of these two groups series connection and rectifier reverse parallel connection, more in parallel with by-pass switch.
4. a kind of protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system according to claim 1 ~ 3 any one, is characterized in that: described electronic switch adopt in MOSFET, IGBT, GTR, SIT, SITH, IPM, PIC, thyristor any one; Described by-pass switch adopts mechanical switch, and this mechanical switch is relay or contactor.
5. a kind of protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described electronic switch, by-pass switch, input processing unit and driving power are packaged into independently device; Or be packaged into special chip; Or with other device and integration of equipments, share the hardware and software resource of other device and equipment.
6. a kind of protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: this device also comprises voltage sensor; voltage sensor is connected in parallel on the two ends of photovoltaic module or power-supply system, and the output of voltage sensor is connected with the input of input processing unit.
7. a kind of protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described electronic switch, by-pass switch, input processing unit, driving power and photovoltaic component terminal box integrative packaging; The radiating surface of heater members contacts with photovoltaic component frame or thermal component to be installed, and described thermal component adopts the material that heat conductivility is good.
8. a kind of protection checkout gear for photovoltaic module or power-supply system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the temperature sensor of described input processing unit contacts with photovoltaic component back plate to be installed.
9. the control method of protection checkout gear according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) when device powers on or every period of time T, input processing unit transmits control signal, first closed electronic switch, then bypass switch opens, rear closes bypass switch;
(2) utilize the current signal of current sensor Real-time Collection photovoltaic module or power-supply system, and the current signal collected is sent to input processing unit;
(3) input processing unit carries out analysis judgement according to the operating state of the current signal received to photovoltaic module or power-supply system, and according to analyzing the break-make of judged result driving electronic switch and by-pass switch; If photovoltaic module or power-supply system operation irregularity, then perform step (4); If photovoltaic module or power-supply system need to communicate with external device (ED), then perform step (5); If photovoltaic module or power-supply system are recovered from abnormality, then perform step (6);
(4) input processing unit transmits control signal to electronic switch and by-pass switch, first bypass switch opens, then disconnects electronic switch;
(5) first bypass switch opens, then by controlling the through and off of electronic switch, external device sends signal of communication;
Or, first bypass switch opens and electronic switch, recycling is connected in parallel on the coupling communication signals device at electronic switch and by-pass switch two ends, and external device sends signal of communication;
First bypass switch opens and electronic switch, the voltage signal at recycling electronic switch two ends, receives the signal of communication of external device (ED);
Or first closes bypass switch and electronic switch, recycle the current sensor of connecting with electronic switch, receives the signal of communication of external device (ED);
(6) input processing unit transmits control signal to electronic switch and by-pass switch, first closed electronic switch, then closes bypass switch.
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| WO2021129598A1 (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-07-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Safe and quick shutdown apparatus for photovoltaic module, and control method |
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Application publication date: 20150930 |