CN104949958B - Novel Raman probe based on optical fiber beam splitter - Google Patents
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
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- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel Raman probe based on an optical fiber beam splitter, which relates to the technical field of optical equipment; excitation light enters the probe from the input optical fiber, is changed into parallel light through the collimating lens, then sequentially passes through the narrow-band pass filter, the dichroic mirror, the converging lens and the protection window, the converging lens focuses the excitation light on a tested sample, the Raman scattered light generated by the tested sample and the Rayleigh scattered light pass through the protection window in the opposite direction to enter the probe, the Raman scattered light is collected and collimated by the converging lens, the Rayleigh scattered light is filtered through the long-wave pass filter after sequentially passing through the two 90-degree beam turns of the dichroic mirror and the reflecting mirror, the rest Raman scattered light is converged by the coupling lens and enters the collecting optical fiber, is evenly distributed into the output optical fiber bundle through the beam splitter, and the tail end of the output optical fiber bundle is aligned on the close-packed module and then is in butt joint with the slit of the spectrometer; the invention adopts the optical fiber beam splitter to effectively improve the energy coupling efficiency from the probe to the spectrometer, has simple structure and is easy to miniaturize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical equipment, in particular to a novel Raman probe based on an optical fiber beam splitter.
Background
Raman effect is found by indian physicist and refers to the phenomenon of the change in frequency of a light wave after it has been scattered. The light irradiates the substance to generate elastic scattering and inelastic scattering, the scattered light of the elastic scattering is the component (Rayleigh scattered light) with the same wavelength as the excitation light, the scattered light of the inelastic scattering (Raman scattered light) has the component with the wavelength shorter than the excitation light and the component shorter than the excitation light, the Raman spectrum analysis method is used for analyzing the scattered spectrum with the frequency different from the excitation light to obtain information on the vibration and rotation of the molecules, and the analysis method is applied to the molecular structure research, the frequency change of the scattered light depends on the characteristics of the scattered substance, the vibration mode of different atomic groups is unique, therefore, the scattered light with specific frequency can be generated, the spectrum is called as fingerprint spectrum, and the molecular types of the component substances can be identified according to the principle. Therefore, raman spectroscopy is widely used for the identification and detection of biological, mineral, chemical substances. The Raman spectrometer based on the Raman spectrum analysis technology has good application prospects in the fields of food safety, biological medicine, public safety, material science, jewelry identification, geological prospecting, environment detection and the like.
Raman probes are key devices of raman spectrometers for conducting excitation beams and collecting raman spectra. Since the raman scattering signal of a substance is very weak, its signal intensity is one part per million of the rayleigh scattering signal intensity. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of raman spectrum detection, the raman probe needs to prevent the rayleigh scattered light from entering the spectrometer as much as possible, and needs to improve the collection and utilization efficiency of raman scattered signals as much as possible. At present, reducing the effect of Rayleigh scattering mainly depends on high quality filters. For how to effectively improve the collection and utilization efficiency of the raman spectrum, a more common method is to replace a single optical fiber with an optical fiber bundle formed by binding a plurality of optical fibers at an output end to increase the collection area, or to use a plurality of collection channels to improve the collection efficiency of the raman scattering through multiple angles and multiple channels. When the two methods are in butt joint with the slit of the spectrometer, the plurality of optical fibers are arranged into the straight line corresponding to the slit of the spectrometer, compared with the method of directly butt joint the slit of the spectrometer by singly adopting one receiving optical fiber, the utilization efficiency of Raman signals can be obviously improved, so that the sensitivity of Raman detection is improved, but the excitation area of a sample to be detected needs to be amplified to obtain a larger collection area, the focal lengths of a corresponding converging lens and a coupling lens are correspondingly increased, the volume of the whole probe is increased, the multi-channel multi-angle collection mode is obviously unfavorable for miniaturization of the system, and the assembly and the debugging are more complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a novel Raman probe based on an optical fiber beam splitter, which is simple in structure, reasonable in design and convenient to use.
In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the novel Raman probe based on the optical fiber beam splitter comprises an input optical fiber, a collimating lens, a narrow-band pass filter, a dichroic mirror, a converging lens, a protection window, a reflecting mirror, a long-wave pass filter, a coupling lens, a collecting optical fiber, a beam splitter, an output optical fiber bundle and a close-packed module; the output optical fiber of the laser is in butt joint with the input optical fiber, a collimating lens, a narrow-band-pass filter, a dichroic mirror, a converging lens and a protection window are sequentially arranged on the right side of the input optical fiber, a tested sample is arranged on one side of the protection window, a reflecting mirror is arranged on the lower side of the dichroic mirror, a long-wave-pass filter, a coupling lens and a collecting optical fiber are sequentially arranged on the left side of the reflecting mirror, the collecting optical fiber is connected with a beam splitter, the beam splitter is connected with a close-packed module through an output optical fiber bundle, and the close-packed module is matched with the spectrometer; excitation light enters the probe from the input optical fiber, is changed into parallel light through the collimating lens, then sequentially passes through the narrow-band pass filter, the dichroic mirror, the converging lens and the protection window, the converging lens focuses the excitation light on a tested sample, raman scattering occurs after the tested sample is excited by the excitation light, the generated Raman scattering light and the Rayleigh scattering light reversely penetrate through the protection window to enter the probe, are collected and collimated through the converging lens, sequentially pass through the dichroic mirror and the reflecting mirror for two 90-degree beam turning and then are filtered by the long-wave pass filter, the rest Raman scattering light is converged by the coupling lens to enter the collecting optical fiber, is evenly distributed into the output optical fiber bundle through the beam splitter, and the tail end of the output optical fiber bundle is aligned on the close-packed module and then is butted with a slit of the spectrometer.
Preferably, the collimating lens, the narrow-band pass filter, the dichroic mirror, the converging lens and the protection window are coaxially arranged to form an excitation light path; the reflector, the long-wave pass filter and the coupling lens are coaxially arranged to form a collecting light path; the excitation light path is arranged in parallel with the collection light path; the dichroic mirror and the excitation light path are arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees, the reflecting mirror and the collection light path are arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees, and the dichroic mirror corresponds to the reflecting mirror vertically.
Preferably, the input optical fiber may be a single optical fiber or a fiber bundle composed of a plurality of optical fibers.
Preferably, the collimating lens, the converging lens and the coupling lens may be spherical lenses, aspherical lenses, spherical lenses, free-form surface lenses, self-focusing lenses, or lens groups composed of a plurality of lenses.
Preferably, the narrow band pass filter has high transmittance for excitation light and low transmittance for raman scattered light generated by the input optical fiber and raman scattered light generated by the sample to be measured.
Preferably, the dichroic mirror has high transmittance for excitation light and high reflectivity for raman scattered light generated by the sample to be measured.
Preferably, the protection window seals and protects the probe light path, and is plated with an antireflection film with high transmittance for both excitation light and Raman scattered light generated by the sample to be tested.
Preferably, the reflecting mirror has high reflectivity for raman scattered light generated by the sample to be tested and low reflectivity for excitation light.
Preferably, the long-wave pass filter has high transmittance for raman scattered light generated by the sample to be measured and low transmittance for excitation light.
Preferably, the beam splitter is configured to evenly distribute raman scattered light in the collection fiber into the output fiber bundle, where the core diameter and the numerical aperture of the fiber are smaller than the core diameter and the numerical aperture of the collection fiber.
Preferably, the close-packed module consists of a bottom plate and a cover plate engraved with micro grooves, and is used for accurately aligning the output optical fiber bundles.
Preferably, before the output optical fiber bundle is arranged, the coating layer on the end face of the optical fiber is stripped, only the fiber core and the cladding layer are remained, and an antireflection film with high transmittance for the Raman scattered light generated by the tested sample is plated.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the Raman scattered light signals are directly collected by a single optical fiber and are evenly distributed into the optical fiber bundles through the optical fiber beam splitter, and then the optical fiber bundles are arranged on the close-packed module to be in butt joint with the slit of the spectrometer, so that the collection area of the Raman scattered light is not required to be additionally increased, the volume of the probe is small and convenient to integrate, meanwhile, the core diameter and the numerical aperture of the optical fiber bundles serving as the output end are smaller than those of the collection optical fibers, and compared with the method of butt joint of the spectrometer by using only a single collection optical fiber with the same specification, the energy coupling efficiency from the probe to the spectrometer can be effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the optical path principle of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a close-packed module according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a slit cut fiber core of a spectrometer according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: a 101-laser; 102-an input optical fiber; 103-a collimating lens; 104-a narrow band pass filter; 105-dichroic mirror; 106-a converging lens; 107-a protection window; 108-a sample to be tested; 109-a mirror; 110-a long-wave pass filter; a 111-coupling lens; 112-collecting the optical fiber; 113-a beam splitter; 114-outputting a fiber bundle; 115-closely spaced modules; 116-spectrometer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description. It should be understood that the detailed description is presented by way of example only and is not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present embodiment adopts the following technical scheme: the optical fiber collimator comprises an input optical fiber 102, a collimating lens 103, a narrow-band pass filter 104, a dichroic mirror 105, a converging lens 106, a protection window 107, a reflecting mirror 109, a long-wave pass filter 110, a coupling lens 111, a collecting optical fiber 112, a beam splitter 113, an output optical fiber bundle 114 and a close-packed module 115;
the laser 101 selects a narrow linewidth semiconductor laser output by an optical fiber, an output optical fiber of the laser is butted with an input optical fiber 102 of a Raman probe, excitation light is transmitted to a focal plane of a collimating lens 103, the excitation light is collimated and becomes parallel light, the parallel light sequentially passes through a narrow bandpass filter 104, a bicolor mirror 105, a converging lens 106 and a protection window 107, the converging lens 106 focuses the excitation light on a tested sample 108, raman scattering occurs after the tested sample 108 is excited by the excitation light, the generated Raman scattering light and the Rayleigh scattering light reversely pass through the protection window 107 to enter the probe, the converging lens 106 collects and collimates the Raman scattering light, the two 90-degree light sequentially passes through a bicolor mirror 105 and a reflecting mirror 109 and is turned, the Rayleigh scattering light is filtered through a long bandpass filter 110, the residual Raman scattering light is converged by the coupling lens 111 and enters a collecting optical fiber 112, the laser is evenly distributed into an output optical fiber bundle 114 through a beam splitter 113, and the tail end of the output optical fiber bundle 114 is arranged on a dense-row module 115 to be in a straight line and then butted with a slit of a spectrometer 116.
Further, the collimating lens 103, the narrow band-pass filter 104, the dichroic mirror 105, the converging lens 106 and the protection window 107 are coaxially arranged to form an excitation light path; the reflecting mirror 109, the long-wave pass filter 110 and the coupling lens 111 are coaxially arranged to form a collecting light path; the excitation light path is arranged in parallel with the collection light path; the dichroic mirror 105 and the excitation light path are arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees, the reflecting mirror 109 and the collection light path are arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees, and the dichroic mirror 105 and the reflecting mirror 109 vertically correspond to each other.
Further, the input fiber 102 is a single fiber, the core diameter is 105um, the cladding 125um, and the n.a. is 0.15.
Further, the collimating lens 103, the converging lens 106 and the coupling lens 111 are spherical lenses, the collimating lens 103 is used for collimating the excitation light, the converging lens 106 is used for focusing the excitation light on the sample 108 to be measured in the forward direction in the light path, and the raman scattered light and the rayleigh scattered light are collected and collimated in the backward direction, and the coupling lens 111 is used for converging and coupling the raman scattered light into the collecting optical fiber 112.
Further, the narrow band pass filter 104 has high transmittance for excitation light, and low transmittance for raman scattered light generated by the input optical fiber 102 and raman scattered light generated by the sample 108 to be measured, so that raman scattered light excited by the transmission of the excitation light in the input optical fiber 102 can be filtered out, and the raman scattered light generated by the sample 108 to be measured can be prevented from reversely entering the laser 101.
Further, the dichroic mirror 105 has high transmittance for excitation light, high reflectance for raman scattered light generated by the sample 108 to be measured, forward transmits the excitation light in the optical path, backward transmits the rayleigh scattered light, and reflects the raman scattered light.
Further, the protection window 107 seals and protects the probe light path, and is coated with an antireflection film having high transmittance for both the excitation light and the raman scattered light generated by the sample 108.
Further, the reflecting mirror 109 has high reflectivity to the raman scattered light generated by the sample 108 to be measured, has low reflectivity to the excitation light, and can filter out a part of the rayleigh scattered light while reflecting the raman scattered light.
Further, the long-wave pass filter 110 has high transmittance for raman scattered light generated by the sample 108 to be measured, and low transmittance for excitation light, and the combination of the long-wave pass filter 110, the dichroic mirror 105 and the reflecting mirror 109 satisfies the requirement of blocking rayleigh scattered light.
Further, the beam splitter 113 is configured to evenly distribute raman scattered light in the collecting optical fiber 112 to the output optical fiber bundle 114, the core diameter and the numerical aperture of the optical fiber in the output optical fiber bundle 114 are smaller than those of the collecting optical fiber 112, the beam splitter 113 adopted in the embodiment has a 1x7 port structure, the core diameter of the input optical fiber, that is, the collecting optical fiber 112, is 200um, the cladding 242um, n.a is 0.22, the core diameter of the optical fiber in the output optical fiber bundle 114 is 105um, the cladding 125um, n.a is 0.15, the coupling efficiency is higher than 90%, and the overall dimension is small and easy to integrate.
Further, the close-packed module 115 is composed of a bottom plate 201 and a cover plate 202 engraved with micro grooves, and is used for accurately aligning the output optical fiber bundles 114 in line, as shown in fig. 2, the bottom plate 201 and the cover plate 202 are made of glass or silicon, the micro grooves on the bottom plate 201 are made by dicing, photoetching or etching processes, the pitch of the grooves is 127um, and the shape of the grooves is V-shaped or trapezoid.
Further, before the output optical fiber bundle 114 is arranged, the coating layer on the end face of the optical fiber is stripped, only the fiber core and the cladding layer are remained, the optical fibers are sequentially placed in the micro-groove on the bottom plate 201 during the arrangement, the cover plate 202 is pressed tightly, the end face of the optical fiber is solidified by glue, the end face of the optical fiber is ground, and then an antireflection film with high transmittance for the raman scattered light generated by the sample 108 to be tested is plated.
As shown in FIG. 3, a slit having a width of 50um is used, and a slit cross section is 301. The left side of the figure is the condition that a single core diameter 200um and an optical fiber of N.A0.22 are adopted to collect Raman signals and are in butt joint with a slit, the part 302 which is not shielded by the slit accounts for 31.5% of the whole fiber core area, and because the optical signals in the multimode optical fiber core are approximately uniformly distributed and N.A of the spectrometer 116 is considered to be 0.15, the energy coupling efficiency from the probe to the spectrometer 116 is about 14.6%; in the case of using the optical fiber beam splitter 113 on the right side of the figure, the raman signal is collected by the optical fibers with the core diameters 200um and n.a0.22, and then is evenly distributed into the optical fibers with 7 core diameters 105um and n.a0.15, and is arranged in a straight line to be butted with the slit, the part 303 which is not blocked by the slit accounts for 58.3% of the whole core area, and the energy coupling efficiency from the probe to the spectrometer 116 is about 52.4% in consideration of the coupling efficiency of the beam splitter 113, so that the energy coupling efficiency can be improved by about 3.5 times.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention and not restrictive, and other modifications and equivalents thereof may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. Novel Raman probe based on optical fiber beam splitter, its characterized in that: the laser comprises an input optical fiber, a collimating lens, a narrow-band pass filter, a dichroic mirror, a converging lens, a protection window, a reflecting mirror, a long-wave pass filter, a coupling lens, a collecting optical fiber, a beam splitter, an output optical fiber bundle and a close-packed module, wherein the output optical fiber of the laser is in butt joint with the input optical fiber, the collimating lens, the narrow-band pass filter, the dichroic mirror, the converging lens and the protection window are sequentially arranged on the right side of the input optical fiber, a sample to be tested is arranged on one side of the protection window, the reflecting mirror is arranged on the lower side of the dichroic mirror, the long-wave pass filter, the coupling lens and the collecting optical fiber are sequentially arranged on the left side of the reflecting mirror, the collecting optical fiber is connected with the beam splitter, the beam splitter is connected with the close-packed module through the output optical fiber bundle, the close-packed module is matched with the spectrometer, the close-packed module is a bottom plate carved with a micro-groove, and the output optical fiber bundles are sequentially arranged in the micro-groove of the bottom plate when being sequentially arranged; excitation light enters the probe from the input optical fiber, is changed into parallel light through the collimating lens, then sequentially passes through the narrow-band pass filter, the dichroic mirror, the converging lens and the protection window, the converging lens focuses the excitation light on a tested sample, raman scattering occurs after the tested sample is excited by the excitation light, the generated Raman scattering light and the Rayleigh scattering light reversely penetrate through the protection window to enter the probe, are collected and collimated through the converging lens, sequentially pass through the dichroic mirror and the reflecting mirror for two 90-degree beam turning and then are filtered by the long-wave pass filter, the rest Raman scattering light is converged by the coupling lens to enter the collecting optical fiber, is evenly distributed into the output optical fiber bundle through the beam splitter, and the tail end of the output optical fiber bundle is aligned on the close-packed module and then is butted with a slit of the spectrometer.
2. The novel raman probe based on the optical fiber beam splitter according to claim 1, wherein: the collimating lens, the narrow-band pass filter, the dichroic mirror, the converging lens and the protection window are coaxially arranged to form an excitation light path; the reflector, the long-wave pass filter and the coupling lens are coaxially arranged to form a collecting light path; the excitation light path is arranged in parallel with the collection light path; the dichroic mirror and the excitation light path are arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees, the reflecting mirror and the collection light path are arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees, and the dichroic mirror corresponds to the reflecting mirror vertically.
3. The novel raman probe based on the optical fiber beam splitter according to claim 1, wherein: the close-packed module further comprises a cover plate; for accurately aligning the output fiber bundles in line.
4. The novel raman probe based on the optical fiber beam splitter according to claim 1, wherein: the beam splitter is used for evenly distributing the Raman scattered light in the collecting optical fiber into the output optical fiber bundle, and the core diameter and the numerical aperture of the optical fiber in the output optical fiber bundle are smaller than those of the collecting optical fiber.
5. The novel raman probe based on the optical fiber beam splitter according to claim 1, wherein: before the output optical fiber bundles are arranged, the coating layer on the end face of the optical fiber is stripped, only the fiber core and the cladding layer are reserved, and an antireflection film with high transmittance for Raman scattered light generated by a tested sample is plated.
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