CN104946832B - A kind of method that utilization lateritic nickel ore produces nickel-containing molten iron - Google Patents
A kind of method that utilization lateritic nickel ore produces nickel-containing molten iron Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method that utilization lateritic nickel ore produces nickel-containing molten iron.This method comprises the following steps：Lateritic nickel ore is sintered and blast furnace process, nickel-containing molten iron is obtained；The dual alkalinity of the sintering deposit is 0.5 1；Counted using the gross weight of the blast furnace process slag system as 100%, the blast furnace process slag system includes 20 35wt% CaO, 35 50wt% SiO2, 14 25wt% MgO and 2 20wt% Al2O3.The method of the utilization lateritic nickel ore production nickel-containing molten iron of the present invention can reduce the smelting quantity of slag and coke ratio, reduce energy consumption, improve the mobility of blast furnace process slag system, difficulty and cost are smelted in reduction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that utilization lateritic nickel ore produces nickel-containing molten iron, and in particular to one kind uses " sintering-height
The method that oven process " produces nickel-containing molten iron using lateritic nickel ore, belongs to metallurgical and mine technology field.
Background technology
Present Global about 70wt% nickel is produced for stainless steel.Global nickel ore resource mainly has two kinds, and one kind is vulcanization
Nickel minerals, another is lateritic nickel ore.Nickel sulfide ore resource increasingly depleted, lateritic nickel ore is the main source of following nickel resources, and
It is also essential element used in production stainless steel and lateritic nickel ore contains part chromium.
Use the technique of " sintering-blast furnace process " smelting red clay nickel ore production nickel-containing molten iron to have and invest low, technology maturation, it is right
Electric power interdependency is not high, the features such as high financial profit is obvious, therefore, and the technique has at home and abroad obtained rapid development.
Lateritic nickel ore be divided into by deposit distribution from earth's surface to underground limonite type lateritic nickel ore, transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and
Serpentine type lateritic nickel ore three types.The constituent contents such as iron, nickel, silicon, magnesium, aluminium are in terraced distribution from earth's surface to underground.Brown iron
The characteristics of ore deposit type lateritic nickel ore has low nickel, high ferro, low silicon, low magnesium, high alumina, each element content range is Ni：0.8-
1.5wt%, TFe：40-55wt%, SiO2：1.5-10wt%, MgO：1-3wt%, Al2O3：4-8wt%, Cr2O3：2-3wt%.
The characteristics of serpentine type lateritic nickel ore has nickelic, low iron, high silicon, Gao Mei, low aluminium, each element content range is：Ni：1.8-
3wt%, TFe：10-20wt%, SiO2：25-45wt%, MgO：15-25wt%, Al2O3：1-2wt%, Cr2O3：0.4-1wt%.
Transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore each element content range is：Ni：1.5-1.8wt%, TFe：20-40wt%, SiO2：10-25wt%,
MgO：3-15wt%, Al2O3：2-4wt%, Cr2O3：1-2wt%.
The use of current lateritic nickel ore is primarily present following several ways：One is that ordinary blast is smelted, with addition of 5-10wt%
Limonite type lateritic nickel ore, to reduce miberal powder cost；Two be the 100% limonite type lateritic nickel ore smelting for using mineral deposit upper strata
Refining obtains nickeliferous 2wt% or so molten iron, due to nickeliferous less, and product is typically valuated by molten iron；Three be 100% high using bottom
Nickel laterite (serpentine type lateritic nickel ore) blast furnace process produces 10-15% nickel-containing molten iron.First two application method is in iron ore
Powder price can obtain certain profit when high, but obviously be lost in the case where current high-quality iron ore is significantly made a price reduction
Competitive advantage, also results in that substantial amounts of top layer laterite is abandoned, heap is stored in mine.The third method is red in processing serpentine type
During native nickel minerals, although the nickel-containing molten iron for obtaining 10-15wt% can be produced, but due to using blast fumance nickel-containing molten iron at present
When, generally ignore high MgO in slag system, high SiO2The characteristics of, the structure to slag system is not adjusted, and causes slag system fusion temperature
It is too high, further result in that the quantity of slag in smelting process is excessive, coke ratio is too high, and molten iron and slag poor fluidity, blast furnace operating are extremely difficult,
Mobility must not finally be increased without fluorite, but addition fluorite can corrode refractory material in stove, reduce the use of blast furnace
Life-span.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of utilization lateritic nickel ore production nickel-containing molten iron
Method.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a kind of method that utilization lateritic nickel ore produces nickel-containing molten iron, this method bag
Include following steps：Lateritic nickel ore is sintered and blast furnace process, nickel-containing molten iron is obtained；
The dual alkalinity of the sintering deposit is 0.5-1；
Counted using the gross weight of the blast furnace process slag system as 100%, the blast furnace process slag system includes 20-35wt%'s
CaO, 35-50wt% SiO2, 14-25wt% MgO and 2-20wt% Al2O3。
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, in above-mentioned blast furnace process slag system also containing other impurity into
Point, but the content of impurity component is considerably less, therefore ignore the impurity in blast furnace process slag system in the present invention, it is believed that the blast furnace
Smelt slag system and only include CaO, SiO2, MgO and Al2O3These four components.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, the quaternary basicity of the blast furnace process slag system is 0.8-1.2；It is above-mentioned
The quaternary basicity of slag system passes through (CaO+MgO)/(Al2O3+SiO2) mass values characterize.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, the dual alkalinity of above-mentioned sintering deposit passes through CaO/SiO2Mass ratio
Value is characterized.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, CaO content is to pass through in above-mentioned sintering deposit, blast furnace process slag system
The amount of flux (quick lime or lime stone) is added to determine.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, the iron of the lateritic nickel ore, the mass ratio of nickel be 22-5.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, when producing 4-6wt% nickel-containing molten iron, lateritic nickel ore choosing
From transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and/or limonite type lateritic nickel ore, serpentine type lateritic nickel ore and limonite type lateritic nickel ore
Combination or the combination of limonite type lateritic nickel ore, transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and serpentine type lateritic nickel ore.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, when produce 4-6wt% nickel-containing molten iron when, with the lateritic nickel ore
Gross weight for 100% meter, the lateritic nickel ore comprising 0-35wt% limonite type lateritic nickel ore and 65-100wt% mistake
Cross stratotype lateritic nickel ore.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, when produce 4-6wt% nickel-containing molten iron when, with the lateritic nickel ore
Gross weight for 100% meter, the lateritic nickel ore comprising 0-55wt% limonite type lateritic nickel ore and 45-100wt% snake
Line stone-type lateritic nickel ore.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, when produce 4-6wt% nickel-containing molten iron when, with the lateritic nickel ore
Gross weight be 100% meter, the lateritic nickel ore includes 10-50wt% limonite type lateritic nickel ore, 5-40wt% transition
The serpentine type lateritic nickel ore of stratotype lateritic nickel ore and 20-85wt%.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, when produce 6-10wt% nickel-containing molten iron when, the lateritic nickel ore
Selected from serpentine type lateritic nickel ore and/or transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore, serpentine type lateritic nickel ore and limonite type lateritic nickel ore
Combination or limonite type lateritic nickel ore, transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and serpentine type lateritic nickel ore combination.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, when produce 6-10wt% nickel-containing molten iron when, with the laterite nickel
The gross weight of ore deposit is 100% meter, transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and 35-100wt% of the lateritic nickel ore comprising 0-65wt%
Serpentine type lateritic nickel ore.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, when produce 6-10wt% nickel-containing molten iron when, with the laterite nickel
The gross weight of ore deposit is 100% meter, limonite type lateritic nickel ore and 45-100wt% of the lateritic nickel ore comprising 0-55wt%
Serpentine type lateritic nickel ore.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, when produce 6-10wt% nickel-containing molten iron when, with the laterite nickel
The gross weight of ore deposit is 100% meter, limonite type lateritic nickel ore of the lateritic nickel ore comprising 10-50wt%, 5-40wt% mistake
Cross stratotype lateritic nickel ore and 20-85wt% serpentine type lateritic nickel ore.
It is worth noting that, 10wt% nickel-containing molten iron can only be obtained by 100% serpentine type lateritic nickel ore production, its
The combination of his material combination, such as limonite type lateritic nickel ore, transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and serpentine type lateritic nickel ore；Or
The combination of limonite type lateritic nickel ore and serpentine type lateritic nickel ore, because of its nickel content not enough, so can not be used for preparing
10wt% nickel-containing molten iron.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, when produce 10-15wt% nickel-containing molten iron when, the lateritic nickel ore
For serpentine type lateritic nickel ore.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, the tapping temperature of the blast furnace process is 1450 DEG C -1550 DEG C.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, the sintering negative pressure of the sintering is 8000-14000Pa, sintered
Sintering temperature and other conditions in journey can be matched somebody with somebody by the fuel (with the fixed carbon cubage in fuel) in blending process
Than determining.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, the described method comprises the following steps：Lateritic nickel ore is screened, broken
After broken, dehydration, dispensing, mixing, granulation, cloth, it is sintered and obtains sintering deposit；
By the sintering deposit through cooling, screening obtains finished product sintering deposit, then carries out blast furnace process to finished product sintering deposit, obtains
To nickel-containing molten iron.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, the lateritic nickel ore is screened, it is broken after obtain grade for -50mm
Lateritic nickel ore；
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned screening, broken follow the steps below：By lateritic nickel ore
Sieved, obtain the lateritic nickel ore that grade is -50mm, screen out the lateritic nickel ore that grade is+50mm, be+50mm's by grade
Lateritic nickel ore carry out the broken lateritic nickel ore for making+50mm grade meet the requirements after use.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, the lateritic nickel ore after dehydration, its water content be 20-
30wt%；The dehydration is that the dehydration in this area conventional technology, the present invention includes two methods：One kind is utilized in
In lateritic nickel ore raw material digestion dehydration is stored up with addition of quick lime；Another is that lateritic nickel ore is dehydrated using dry kiln；
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, lateritic nickel ore is dehydrated when using dry kiln, during dehydration
Drying temperature be about 300-800 DEG C, drying time is 5min-20min, and the water content of the lateritic nickel ore after dehydration is 20-
30wt%.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, the mixing can be followed the steps below：After dehydration
Lateritic nickel ore, flux, fuel and mixing of returning mine, obtain compound.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, counted using the gross weight of the compound as 100%, the fixed carbon is
8-16wt%, returns mine as 20-30wt%.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, the fixed carbon be 8-12wt%；It is described to return mine as 25wt%.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, the flux includes quick lime or lime stone, and the fuel includes
Coke powder or coal dust.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, the particle diameter of the grain that is obtained after granulation group is 1-8mm.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, excessive binder is prevented in cloth, as far as possible reduce external force to material
The destruction of layer natural structure, after cloth, the thickness of the bed of material is 500-1200mm.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, after cloth, the thickness of the bed of material is 700-1000mm.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, after cloth, the water content of the compound is 18-30wt%；
Preferably 20-25wt%.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, the sintering deposit is cooled to less than 150 DEG C, sieves, obtains into
Product sintering deposit, the grade of the finished product sintering deposit is+5mm.
According to the present invention some preferred embodiment, the described method comprises the following steps：
Lateritic nickel ore is screened, broken, dehydration, dispensing, mixing, granulation, after cloth, it is sintered and sintered
Ore deposit；
By the sintering deposit through cooling, screening obtains finished product sintering deposit, then carries out blast furnace process to finished product sintering deposit, obtains
To nickel-containing molten iron.
The first step：Choose lateritic nickel ore
Choose limonite type lateritic nickel ore, transiens lateritic nickel ore and serpentine type lateritic nickel ore respectively, comply with
It is lower to require：
When producing 8wt% nickel-containing molten iron, limonite type lateritic nickel ore, transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and serpentine type laterite
The content of each element need to meet claimed below in three kinds of mixing lateritic nickel ores of nickel minerals：Ni be 1.8wt%, TFe be 18.7wt%,
Nickel, the grade of iron can float, but need to meet iron nickel ratio about 10.4, while requiring SiO2、MgO、Al2O3Deng gangue mineral
Content is as far as possible low, and suitable sintering deposit dual alkalinity is 0.5-0.7.
When producing 6wt% nickel-containing molten iron, limonite type lateritic nickel ore, transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and serpentine type laterite
The content of each element need to meet claimed below in three kinds of mixing lateritic nickel ores of nickel minerals：Ni be 1.6wt%, TFe be 22.8wt%,
Nickel, the grade of iron can float, but need to meet iron nickel ratio about 14.2, while requiring SiO2、MgO、Al2O3Deng gangue mineral
Content is as far as possible low, and suitable sintering deposit dual alkalinity is 0.6-0.8.
When producing 4wt% nickel-containing molten iron, limonite type lateritic nickel ore, transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and serpentine type laterite
The content of each element need to meet claimed below in three kinds of mixing lateritic nickel ores of nickel minerals：Ni is that 1.4wt%, TFe are 30.8wt%,
Nickel, the grade of iron can float, but need to meet iron nickel ratio about 22, while requiring SiO2、MgO、Al2O3Deng containing for gangue mineral
Amount is as far as possible low, and suitable sintering deposit dual alkalinity is 0.6-0.8.
It is containing for 4-15wt% that the method for producing nickel-containing molten iron by the utilization lateritic nickel ore of the present invention, which can produce concentration,
Ferronickel water, the above only lifts three, and the present invention is not limited to above three example.
Second step：Sieve, crush
Lateritic nickel ore is sieved, the lateritic nickel ore that grade is -50mm is obtained, the laterite nickel that grade is+50mm is screened out
Ore deposit, is used after grade is met the requirements for the grade that+50mm lateritic nickel ore carries out the broken lateritic nickel ore for making+50mm.
3rd step：Dehydration
Lateritic nickel ore after screening is dehydrated, is dehydrated as this area conventional technology, the dehydration in the present invention
Two methods can be used：One kind is to store up digestion with addition of quick lime in lateritic nickel ore raw material to be dehydrated；Another is by dry
Dry kiln is dehydrated to lateritic nickel ore raw material；Wherein, drying temperature when being dehydrated using dry kiln to lateritic nickel ore raw material
About 300-800 DEG C, drying time is 5min-20min.The water content of lateritic nickel ore is usually 35-40wt% before dehydration, dehydration
The water content (mechanical water mass percent) of lateritic nickel ore afterwards is 20-30wt%；The present invention some preferred embodiment
In, the water content is 20-25wt%.
4th step：Dispensing
5th step：Mixing
The mixing can be followed the steps below：By the lateritic nickel ore after dehydration, flux, fuel and mixing of returning mine,
Obtain compound；
Counted using the gross weight of the compound as 100%, the fixed carbon is 8-16wt%, is returned mine as 20-30wt%.
The present invention some preferred embodiment in, the fixed carbon be 8-12wt%；It is described to return mine as 25wt%；Institute
Stating flux includes quick lime or lime stone, and the fuel includes coke powder or coal dust.
5th step：Granulation
The compound obtained after dispensing is pelletized, the particle diameter of the grain group obtained after granulation is 1-8mm.
6th step：Cloth
Excessive binder is prevented in cloth, destruction of the external force to bed of material natural structure, after cloth, the bed of material are reduced as far as possible
Thickness be 500-1200mm；The water content of compound is 18-30wt%；The present invention some preferred embodiment, through cloth
After material, the thickness of the bed of material is 700-1000mm；The water content of compound is 20-25wt%.
7th step：Sintering
It is sintered after cloth, obtains sintering deposit；Sintering negative pressure is 8000-14000Pa, and igniting negative pressure is 6000pa, point
Fiery temperature is 1100 ± 50 DEG C, the dual alkalinity CaO/SiO of the sintering deposit2For 0.5-1.
8th step：Cooling, screening
The sintering deposit is cooled to less than 150 DEG C, sieved after cooling, sift out+5mm finished product sintering deposit, 10-20mm
Grate-layer material and -5mm sinter return fine, the sinter return fine are re-added in blending process to be recycled.
9th step：Blast furnace process
, can be suitably with addition of flux and fluorite in blast furnace ironmaking process according to the requirement of blast furnace process slag system；Optimal situation
For：Flux and fluorite are added not in blast furnace ironmaking process, is only smelted using finished product sintering deposit and coke, production is nickeliferous to be
4wt%-15wt% molten iron；Smelting temperature in blast furnace ironmaking process is 1450 DEG C -1550 DEG C；With the blast furnace process slag system
Gross weight for 100% meter, the slag system comprising 20-35wt% CaO, 35-50wt% SiO2, 14-25wt% MgO and
2-20wt% Al2O3；Quaternary basicity (CaO+MgO)/(Al of the blast furnace process slag system2O3+SiO2) it is 0.8-1.2.
Nickel content can be obtained for 4- by the method for the step comprehensive utilization of laterite nickel ore production nickel-containing molten iron of the present invention
15wt% (being counted using the gross weight of nickel-containing molten iron as 100%) nickel-containing molten iron.
When at present, using blast furnace process smelting red clay nickel ore, because slag system fusion temperature is high (>=1500 DEG C), generally using control
System sintering low alkalinity, adds the method for flux and fluorite to reduce the melting temperature of slag system in blast furnace, to obtain the direct motion of blast furnace,
But sintering low alkalinity can cause the of low quality of sintering deposit, add flux in blast furnace and fluorite not only significantly increases energy
Consumption, and because fluorite has extremely strong corrosivity to blast furnace, the life of the blast furnace can be shortened, increase the cost smelted.
In the method that step comprehensive utilization of laterite nickel ore of the present invention produces nickel-containing molten iron, with the blast furnace process slag system
Gross weight is 100% meter, the blast furnace process slag system CaO, 35-50wt% comprising 20-35wt% SiO2, 14-25wt%
MgO and 2-20wt% Al2O3, the quaternary basicity for making blast furnace process slag system is 0.8-1.2, and above-mentioned blast furnace process slag system can be with
Fusion temperature during smelting laterite-nickel ores is reduced, the mobility of slag system is smelted in enhancing；Simultaneously each element using lateritic nickel ore certainly
Table controls mineral deposit upper strata (limonite type lateritic nickel ore), lower floor's (serpentine type lateritic nickel ore) to the terraced distribution rule of underground；
Upper strata (limonite type lateritic nickel ore), middle level lateritic nickel ore (transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore)；Middle level (transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore),
Lower floor's (serpentine type lateritic nickel ore)；Upper (limonite type lateritic nickel ore), in (transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore), lower floor's (serpentine
Type lateritic nickel ore) lateritic nickel ore mixed proportion, control sintering deposit dual alkalinity, be not only able to intensified-sintered mineral amount, and
And can also greatly reduce the fusion temperature of blast furnace process slag system, under 1450 DEG C -1550 DEG C of temperature conditionss, be not added with or
Less plus flux and fluorite just can realize smelting, blast furnace process slag system has preferably dynamic property, while also reducing energy consumption；Pass through
The method of the present invention can obtain the nickeliferous molten iron for 4-15wt%.
The present invention is by designing lateritic nickel ore specifically high silicon Smelting magnesium slag system, and to the reasonable profit of lateritic nickel ore ore bed
With improving mineral deposit upper strata value-added content of product, improve the content of nickel in the laterite of mineral deposit upper strata, reduce mineral deposit upper strata ore deposit
The content of aluminium in stone, improve the content of iron in mineral deposit lower floor laterite, reduce the gangue such as silicon, magnesium member in mineral deposit lower floor ore
The content of element, reduces the smelting quantity of slag, and the scope of the invention by controlling the constituent contents such as silicon, magnesium, aluminium, control sintering two
First basicity reduces smelting coke ratio in 0.5-1.0, improves the mobility of nickel-containing molten iron and blast furnace process slag system, final to realize
Energy consumption, reduction smelting cost, reduction is reduced to smelt difficulty, save the purpose of nickel resources.
Embodiment
The advantageous effects that below implementation process of the present invention will be explained by specific embodiment and is produced,
Purpose be help reader more fully understand the present invention essence and feature, but not as to this case can practical range limit
It is fixed.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that lateritic nickel ore produces nickel-containing molten iron is present embodiments provided, this method comprises the following steps：
It is raw materials for metallurgy to choose 100% serpentine type lateritic nickel ore (grade is -50mm), and serpentine type lateritic nickel ore is entered
Row dewater treatment, after dewater treatment, its water content is 28wt%；
Above-mentioned dewater treatment can be used stores up digestion dehydration in serpentine type lateritic nickel ore raw material with addition of quick lime, also
Lateritic nickel ore can be dehydrated using dry kiln, both dewaterings are the conventional dehydration means of this area, in reality
On the premise of existing dehydration purpose, those skilled in the art can require to select suitable dewatering and suitable according to field operation
Operating condition；
Dispensing, mixing are carried out again, i.e., by serpentine type lateritic nickel ore, flux (quick lime), fuel (coke powder) and 25wt%
It is outer obtain compound with returning mine mixing, the water content of the compound is 23wt%, and fixed carbon content is 10wt%；
Compound is pelletized again, cloth, the thickness of the bed of material is 600mm；
Then, compound is sintered, sintering negative pressure is that 12000Pa, igniting negative pressure are that 6000pa, firing temperature are
1100 ± 50 DEG C, sintering deposit dual alkalinity CaO/SiO2For 0.6, sintering deposit is obtained after terminating, the yield rate of sintering deposit is
72wt%, drum strength are 65wt%；
Followed by blast furnace process, 30kg/t is addedIronFluorite, the content difference of each component in blast furnace process slag system
For：CaO：25.6wt%, SiO2：45.64wt%, MgO：21.04wt%, Al2O3：2.73wt%, the quaternary of blast furnace process slag system
Basicity (CaO+MgO)/(Al2O3+SiO2) it is 0.96, blast furnace process coke ratio is 2.2t/tIron, slag iron ratio is 4.9t/tIron, slagging tap
Temperature be 1450-1550 DEG C under the conditions of, can smoothly slag tap.
The nickel content for the nickel-containing molten iron that the method for producing nickel-containing molten iron by the lateritic nickel ore of the present embodiment is obtained is
10wt%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that lateritic nickel ore produces nickel-containing molten iron is present embodiments provided, this method comprises the following steps：
The serpentine type lateritic nickel ore of lateritic nickel ore (grade is -50mm) comprising 80wt%, 8wt% in the present embodiment
The limonite type lateritic nickel ore of transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and 12wt%, dewater treatment, warp are carried out to above-mentioned mixing lateritic nickel ore
After dewater treatment, its water content is 28wt%；
Above-mentioned dewater treatment can be used store up digestion dehydration in mixing lateritic nickel ore raw material with addition of quick lime, can be with
Lateritic nickel ore is dehydrated using dry kiln, both dewaterings are the conventional dehydration means of this area, it is de- realizing
On the premise of water purpose, those skilled in the art can require to select suitable dewatering and suitable behaviour according to field operation
Make condition；
Dispensing, mixing are carried out again, i.e., by above-mentioned mixing lateritic nickel ore, flux (quick lime), fuel (coke powder) and 25wt%
It is outer obtain compound with returning mine mixing, the water content of the compound is 23wt%, and fixed carbon content is 10wt%；
Compound is pelletized again, cloth, the thickness of the bed of material is 600mm；
Then, compound is sintered, sintering negative pressure is that 12000Pa, igniting negative pressure are that 6000pa, firing temperature are
1100 ± 50 DEG C, sintering deposit dual alkalinity CaO/SiO2For 0.6, sintering deposit is obtained after terminating, the yield rate of sintering deposit is
78wt%, drum strength are 67wt%；
Followed by blast furnace process, 20kg/t is addedIronFluorite, the content difference of each component in blast furnace process slag system
For：CaO：25.98wt%, SiO2：45.33wt%, MgO：20.92wt%, Al2O3：2.77wt%, the four of blast furnace process slag system
First basicity (CaO+MgO)/(Al2O3+SiO2) it is 0.98, blast furnace process coke ratio is 2.0t/tIron, slag iron ratio is 4.4t/tIron, going out
Slag temperature be 1450-1550 DEG C under the conditions of, can smoothly slag tap.
The nickel content for the nickel-containing molten iron that the method for producing nickel-containing molten iron by the lateritic nickel ore of the present embodiment is obtained is
8wt%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method that lateritic nickel ore produces nickel-containing molten iron is present embodiments provided, this method comprises the following steps：
Serpentine type lateritic nickel ore, 30wt% that lateritic nickel ore (grade is -50mm) in the present embodiment includes 50wt%
Transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and 20wt% limonite type lateritic nickel ore, to above-mentioned mixing lateritic nickel ore carry out dewater treatment,
After dewater treatment, its water content is 28wt%；
Above-mentioned dewater treatment can be used store up digestion dehydration in mixing lateritic nickel ore raw material with addition of quick lime, can be with
Lateritic nickel ore is dehydrated using dry kiln, both dewaterings are the conventional dehydration means of this area, it is de- realizing
On the premise of water purpose, those skilled in the art can require to select suitable dewatering and suitable behaviour according to field operation
Make condition；
Dispensing, mixing are carried out again, i.e., by above-mentioned mixing lateritic nickel ore, flux (quick lime), fuel (coke powder) and 25wt%
It is outer obtain compound with returning mine mixing, the water content of the compound is 23wt%, and fixed carbon content is 10wt%；
Compound is pelletized again, cloth, the thickness of the bed of material is 600mm；
Then, compound is sintered, sintering negative pressure is that 12000Pa, igniting negative pressure are that 6000pa, firing temperature are
1100 ± 50 DEG C, sintering deposit dual alkalinity CaO/SiO2For 0.7, sintering deposit is obtained after terminating, the yield rate of sintering deposit is
79wt%, drum strength are 68wt%；
Followed by blast furnace process, without fluorite, the content of each component is respectively in blast furnace process slag system：CaO：
25.98wt%, SiO2：45.33wt%, MgO：20.92wt%, Al2O3：2.77wt%, the quaternary basicity of blast furnace process slag system
(CaO+MgO)/(Al2O3+SiO2) it is 0.97, blast furnace process coke ratio is 1.6t/tIron, slag iron ratio is 2.9t/tIron, in tapping temperature
Under the conditions of 1450-1550 DEG C, can smoothly it slag tap.
The nickel content for the nickel-containing molten iron that the method for producing nickel-containing molten iron by the lateritic nickel ore of the present embodiment is obtained is
6wt%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method that lateritic nickel ore produces nickel-containing molten iron is present embodiments provided, this method comprises the following steps：
Serpentine type lateritic nickel ore, 10wt% that lateritic nickel ore (grade is -50mm) in the present embodiment includes 40wt%
Transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and 50wt% limonite type lateritic nickel ore, to above-mentioned mixing lateritic nickel ore carry out dewater treatment,
After dewater treatment, its water content is 28wt%；
Above-mentioned dewater treatment can be used store up digestion dehydration in mixing lateritic nickel ore raw material with addition of quick lime, can be with
Lateritic nickel ore is dehydrated using dry kiln, both dewaterings are the conventional dehydration means of this area, it is de- realizing
On the premise of water purpose, those skilled in the art can require to select suitable dewatering and suitable behaviour according to field operation
Make condition；
Dispensing, mixing are carried out again, i.e., by above-mentioned mixing lateritic nickel ore, flux (quick lime), fuel (coke powder) and 25wt%
It is outer obtain compound with returning mine mixing, the water content of the compound is 23wt%, and fixed carbon content is 10wt%；
Compound is pelletized again, cloth, the thickness of the bed of material is 600mm；
Then, compound is sintered, sintering negative pressure is that 12000Pa, igniting negative pressure are that 6000pa, firing temperature are
1100 ± 50 DEG C, sintering deposit dual alkalinity CaO/SiO2For 0.7, sintering deposit is obtained after terminating, the yield rate of sintering deposit is
80wt%, drum strength are 68wt%；
Followed by blast furnace process, without fluorite, the content of each component is respectively in blast furnace process slag system：CaO：
27.87wt%, SiO2：43.54wt%, MgO：17.36wt%, Al2O3：6.24wt%, the quaternary basicity of blast furnace process slag system
(CaO+MgO)/(Al2O3+SiO2) it is 0.91, blast furnace process coke ratio is 1.2t/tIron, slag iron ratio is 2t/tIron, it is in tapping temperature
Under the conditions of 1450-1550 DEG C, can smoothly it slag tap.
The nickel content for the nickel-containing molten iron that the method for producing nickel-containing molten iron by the lateritic nickel ore of the present embodiment is obtained is
4wt%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of method that lateritic nickel ore produces nickel-containing molten iron is present embodiments provided, this method comprises the following steps：
Serpentine type lateritic nickel ore and 30wt% that lateritic nickel ore (grade is -50mm) in the present embodiment includes 70wt%
Limonite type lateritic nickel ore, to above-mentioned mixing lateritic nickel ore carry out dewater treatment, after dewater treatment, its water content is
28wt%；
Above-mentioned dewater treatment can be used store up digestion dehydration in mixing lateritic nickel ore raw material with addition of quick lime, can be with
Lateritic nickel ore is dehydrated using dry kiln, both dewaterings are the conventional dehydration means of this area, it is de- realizing
On the premise of water purpose, those skilled in the art can require to select suitable dewatering and suitable behaviour according to field operation
Make condition；
Dispensing, mixing are carried out again, i.e., by above-mentioned mixing lateritic nickel ore, flux (quick lime), fuel (coke powder) and 25wt%
It is outer obtain compound with returning mine mixing, the water content of the compound is 23wt%, and fixed carbon content is 10wt%；
Compound is pelletized again, cloth, the thickness of the bed of material is 600mm；
Then, compound is sintered, sintering negative pressure is that 12000Pa, igniting negative pressure are that 6000pa, firing temperature are
1100 ± 50 DEG C, sintering deposit dual alkalinity CaO/SiO2For 0.7, sintering deposit is obtained after terminating, the yield rate of sintering deposit is
77wt%, drum strength are 65wt%；
Followed by blast furnace process, without fluorite, the content of each component is respectively in blast furnace process slag system：CaO：
26.72wt%, SiO2：45.73wt%, MgO：19.47wt%, Al2O3：3.08wt%, the quaternary basicity of blast furnace process slag system
(CaO+MgO)/(Al2O3+SiO2) it is 0.95, blast furnace process coke ratio is 1.7t/tIron, slag iron ratio is 3t/tIron, it is in tapping temperature
Under the conditions of 1450-1550 DEG C, can smoothly it slag tap.
The nickel content for the nickel-containing molten iron that the method for producing nickel-containing molten iron by the lateritic nickel ore of the present embodiment is obtained is
6wt%.
Embodiment 6
A kind of method that lateritic nickel ore produces nickel-containing molten iron is present embodiments provided, this method comprises the following steps：
Transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and 35wt% that lateritic nickel ore (grade is -50mm) in the present embodiment includes 65wt%
Limonite type lateritic nickel ore, to above-mentioned mixing lateritic nickel ore carry out dewater treatment, after dewater treatment, its water content is
28wt%；
Above-mentioned dewater treatment can be used store up digestion dehydration in mixing lateritic nickel ore raw material with addition of quick lime, can be with
Lateritic nickel ore is dehydrated using dry kiln, both dewaterings are the conventional dehydration means of this area, it is de- realizing
On the premise of water purpose, those skilled in the art can require to select suitable dewatering and suitable behaviour according to field operation
Make condition；
Dispensing, mixing are carried out again, i.e., by above-mentioned mixing lateritic nickel ore, flux (quick lime), fuel (coke powder) and 25wt%
It is outer obtain compound with returning mine mixing, the water content of the compound is 23wt%, and fixed carbon content is 10wt%；
Compound is pelletized again, cloth, the thickness of the bed of material is 600mm；
Then, compound is sintered, sintering negative pressure is that 12000Pa, igniting negative pressure are that 6000pa, firing temperature are
1100 ± 50 DEG C, sintering deposit dual alkalinity CaO/SiO2For 0.7, sintering deposit is obtained after terminating, the yield rate of sintering deposit is
79wt%, drum strength are 69wt%；
Followed by blast furnace process, without fluorite, the content of each component is respectively in blast furnace process slag system：CaO：
27.48wt%, SiO2：44.00wt%, MgO：17.30wt%, Al2O3：6.22wt%, the quaternary basicity of blast furnace process slag system
(CaO+MgO)/(Al2O3+SiO2) it is 0.9, blast furnace process coke ratio is 1.22t/tIron, slag iron ratio is 2.1t/tIron, in tapping temperature
Under the conditions of 1450-1550 DEG C, can smoothly it slag tap.
The nickel content for the nickel-containing molten iron that the method for producing nickel-containing molten iron by the lateritic nickel ore of the present embodiment is obtained is
4wt%.
Embodiment 7
A kind of method that lateritic nickel ore produces nickel-containing molten iron is present embodiments provided, this method comprises the following steps：
The transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore that lateritic nickel ore (grade is -50mm) in the present embodiment is 100wt%, to above-mentioned mistake
Cross stratotype lateritic nickel ore and carry out dewater treatment, after dewater treatment, its water content is 28wt%；
Above-mentioned dewater treatment can be used stores up digestion dehydration in transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore raw material with addition of quick lime, also
Transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore can be dehydrated using dry kiln, both dewaterings are the conventional dehydration hand of this area
Section, on the premise of dehydration purpose is realized, those skilled in the art can require the suitable dehydration side of selection according to field operation
Method and suitable operating condition；
Carry out again dispensing, mixing, i.e., by above-mentioned transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore, flux (quick lime), fuel (coke powder) and
The outer of 25wt% obtains compound with mixing of returning mine, and the water content of the compound is 23wt%, and fixed carbon content is 10wt%；
Compound is pelletized again, cloth, the thickness of the bed of material is 600mm；
Then, compound is sintered, sintering negative pressure is that 12000Pa, igniting negative pressure are that 6000pa, firing temperature are
1100 ± 50 DEG C, sintering deposit dual alkalinity CaO/SiO2For 0.7, sintering deposit is obtained after terminating, the yield rate of sintering deposit is
75wt%, drum strength are 64wt%；
Followed by blast furnace process, without fluorite, the content of each component is respectively in blast furnace process slag system：CaO：
27.36wt%, SiO2：45.64wt%, MgO：18.97wt%, Al2O3：3.03wt%, the quaternary basicity of blast furnace process slag system
(CaO+MgO)/(Al2O3+SiO2) it is 0.95, blast furnace process coke ratio is 1.6t/tIron, slag iron ratio is 3.05t/tIron, in tapping temperature
Under the conditions of 1450-1550 DEG C, can smoothly it slag tap.
The nickel content for the nickel-containing molten iron that the method for producing nickel-containing molten iron by the lateritic nickel ore of the present embodiment is obtained is
6wt%.
Reference examples 1
This reference examples provides a kind of method that lateritic nickel ore produces nickel-containing molten iron, and this method comprises the following steps：
It is raw materials for metallurgy to choose 100% serpentine type lateritic nickel ore (grade is -50mm), and serpentine type lateritic nickel ore is entered
Row dewater treatment, after dewater treatment, its water content is 28wt%；
Above-mentioned dewater treatment can be used stores up digestion dehydration in serpentine type lateritic nickel ore raw material with addition of quick lime, also
Serpentine type lateritic nickel ore can be dehydrated using dry kiln, both dewaterings are the conventional dehydration hand of this area
Section, on the premise of dehydration purpose is realized, those skilled in the art can require the suitable dehydration side of selection according to field operation
Method and suitable operating condition；
Dispensing, mixing are carried out again, i.e., by serpentine type lateritic nickel ore, flux (quick lime), fuel (coke powder) and 25wt%
It is outer obtain compound with returning mine mixing, the water content of the compound is 23wt%, and fixed carbon content is 10wt%；Again to mixed
Conjunction material is pelletized, cloth, and the thickness of the bed of material is 600mm；
Then, compound is sintered, sintering negative pressure is that 12000Pa, igniting negative pressure are that 6000pa, firing temperature are
1100 ± 50 DEG C, sintering deposit dual alkalinity CaO/SiO2For 0.25, sintering deposit is obtained after terminating, the yield rate of sintering deposit is
51wt%, drum strength are 58wt%；
Followed by blast furnace process, 100kg/t is added in blast furnace ironmaking processIronQuick lime, 120kg/tIronFluorite,
The content of each component is respectively in blast furnace process slag system：CaO：14.24wt%, SiO2：51.68wt%, MgO：26.02wt%,
Al2O3：3.07wt%, quaternary basicity (CaO+MgO)/(Al of blast furnace process slag system2O3+SiO2) it is 0.74, blast furnace process coke ratio
For 3.2t/tIron, slag iron ratio is 6.5t/tIron, under the conditions of tapping temperature is 1450-1550 DEG C, difficulty of slagging tap, it is necessary to which addition is a large amount of
Fluorite could improve the mobility of slag system, and fluorite corrodes serious to refractory material in blast furnace；
The nickel content for the nickel-containing molten iron that the method for producing nickel-containing molten iron by the lateritic nickel ore of the present embodiment is obtained is
10wt%.
Reference examples 2
This reference examples provides a kind of method that lateritic nickel ore produces nickel-containing molten iron, and this method comprises the following steps：
The serpentine type lateritic nickel ore of lateritic nickel ore (grade is -50mm) comprising 80wt%, 8wt% in the present embodiment
The limonite type lateritic nickel ore of transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and 12wt%, dewater treatment, warp are carried out to above-mentioned mixing lateritic nickel ore
After dewater treatment, its water content is 28wt%；
Above-mentioned dewater treatment can be used store up digestion dehydration in mixing lateritic nickel ore raw material with addition of quick lime, can be with
Mixing lateritic nickel ore is dehydrated using dry kiln, both dewaterings are the conventional dehydration means of this area, in reality
On the premise of existing dehydration purpose, those skilled in the art can require to select suitable dewatering and suitable according to field operation
Operating condition；
Dispensing, mixing are carried out again, i.e., by above-mentioned mixing lateritic nickel ore, flux (quick lime), fuel (coke powder) and 25wt%
It is outer obtain compound with returning mine mixing, the water content of the compound is 23wt%, and fixed carbon content is 10wt%；
Compound is pelletized again, cloth, the thickness of the bed of material is 600mm；
Then, compound is sintered, sintering negative pressure is that 12000Pa, igniting negative pressure are that 6000pa, firing temperature are
1100 ± 50 DEG C, sintering deposit dual alkalinity CaO/SiO2For 0.25, sintering deposit is obtained after terminating, the yield rate of sintering deposit is
52wt%, drum strength are 51wt%；
Followed by blast furnace process, 100kg/t is added in blast furnace ironmaking processIronQuick lime, 110kg/tIronFluorite,
The content of each component is respectively in blast furnace process slag system：CaO：14.42wt%, SiO2：52.08wt%, MgO：25.34wt%,
Al2O3：3.16wt%, quaternary basicity (CaO+MgO)/(Al of blast furnace process slag system2O3+SiO2) it is 0.72, blast furnace process coke ratio
For 2.9t/tIron, slag iron ratio is 6.1t/tIron, under the conditions of tapping temperature is 1450-1550 DEG C, difficulty of slagging tap, it is necessary to which addition is a large amount of
Fluorite could improve the mobility of slag system, and fluorite corrodes serious to refractory material in blast furnace；
The nickel content for the nickel-containing molten iron that the method for producing nickel-containing molten iron by the lateritic nickel ore of the present embodiment is obtained is
8wt%.
Compare reference examples 1 and embodiment 1, blast furnace process slag system quaternary basicity (CaO+MgO)/(Al in reference examples 12O3+
SiO2) it is 0.74, sintering deposit dual alkalinity CaO/SiO2For 0.25, the yield rate of sintering deposit is 51wt%, rotary drum in reference examples 1
Intensity is 58wt%, and blast furnace process coke ratio is 3.2t/tIron, slag iron ratio is 6.5t/tIron, the addition of fluorite is 120kg/tIron；And
Blast furnace process slag system quaternary basicity (CaO+MgO)/(Al in embodiment 12O3+SiO2) it is 0.96, sintering deposit dual alkalinity CaO/
SiO2For 0.6, the yield rate 72wt% of sintering deposit in embodiment 1, drum strength is 65wt%, and blast furnace process coke ratio is 2.2t/
tIron, slag iron ratio is 4.9t/tIron, the addition of fluorite is 30kg/tIron；It can thus be seen that with blast furnace process slag system quaternary alkali
Degree, the raising of sintering deposit dual alkalinity, the yield rate and drum strength of sintering deposit greatly improve, while blast furnace process coke ratio and
Slag iron ratio declines to a great extent, and under the conditions of 1450-1550 DEG C, slag system has good mobility, slags tap smoothly；Simultaneously can be big
Width reduces the usage amount of fluorite, extends the service life of blast furnace.
Compare reference examples 2 and embodiment 2, blast furnace process slag system quaternary basicity (CaO+MgO)/(Al in reference examples 22O3+
SiO2) it is 0.72, sintering deposit dual alkalinity CaO/SiO2For 0.25, the yield rate of sintering deposit is 52wt%, rotary drum in reference examples 2
Intensity is 51wt%, and blast furnace process coke ratio is 2.9t/tIron, slag iron ratio is 6.1t/tIron, the addition of fluorite is 110kg/tIron；And
Blast furnace process slag system quaternary basicity (CaO+MgO)/(Al in example 22O3+SiO2) it is 0.98, sintering deposit dual alkalinity CaO/
SiO2For 0.6, the yield rate 78wt% of sintering deposit in embodiment 2, drum strength is 67wt%, and blast furnace process coke ratio is 2.0t/
tIron, slag iron ratio is 4.4t/tIron, the addition of fluorite is 20kg/tIron；It can thus be seen that with blast furnace process slag system quaternary alkali
Degree, the raising of sintering deposit dual alkalinity, the yield rate and drum strength of sintering deposit greatly improve, while blast furnace process coke ratio and
Slag iron ratio declines to a great extent, and under the conditions of 1450-1550 DEG C, slag system has good mobility, slags tap smoothly；Simultaneously can be big
Width reduces the usage amount of fluorite, extends the service life of blast furnace.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of method that utilization lateritic nickel ore produces nickel-containing molten iron, wherein, this method comprises the following steps：Lateritic nickel ore is entered
Row sintering and blast furnace process, obtain nickel-containing molten iron；
The dual alkalinity of the sintering deposit is 0.5-1；
Counted using the gross weight of the blast furnace process slag system as 100%, CaO of the blast furnace process slag system comprising 20-35wt%,
35-50wt% SiO2, 14-25wt% MgO and 2-20wt% Al2O3；
The quaternary basicity of the blast furnace process slag system is 0.8-1.2；
When producing 4-6wt% nickel-containing molten iron, the lateritic nickel ore is selected from transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and/or limonite type is red
Native nickel minerals, the combination of serpentine type lateritic nickel ore and limonite type lateritic nickel ore or limonite type lateritic nickel ore, transition stratotype are red
The combination of native nickel minerals and serpentine type lateritic nickel ore；
Counted using the gross weight of the lateritic nickel ore as 100%, the lateritic nickel ore includes 0-35wt% limonite type laterite nickel
The transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore of ore deposit and 65-100wt%；
When producing 6-10wt% nickel-containing molten iron, the lateritic nickel ore is selected from serpentine type lateritic nickel ore and/or transition stratotype
Lateritic nickel ore, the combination of serpentine type lateritic nickel ore and limonite type lateritic nickel ore or limonite type lateritic nickel ore, transition stratotype
The combination of lateritic nickel ore and serpentine type lateritic nickel ore；
Counted using the gross weight of the lateritic nickel ore as 100%, the lateritic nickel ore includes 0-65wt% transition stratotype laterite nickel
The serpentine type lateritic nickel ore of ore deposit and 35-100wt%；
Counted using the gross weight of the lateritic nickel ore as 100%, the lateritic nickel ore includes 0-55wt% limonite type laterite nickel
The serpentine type lateritic nickel ore of ore deposit and 45-100wt%；
Counted using the gross weight of the lateritic nickel ore as 100%, the lateritic nickel ore includes 10-50wt% limonite type laterite nickel
The serpentine type lateritic nickel ore of ore deposit, 5-40wt% transition stratotype lateritic nickel ore and 20-85wt%；
When producing 10-15wt% nickel-containing molten iron, the lateritic nickel ore is serpentine type lateritic nickel ore.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the iron of the lateritic nickel ore, nickel mass ratio are 22-5.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the sintering negative pressure of the sintering is 8000-14000Pa.
4. the method according to claim any one of 1-3, wherein, this method comprises the following steps：The lateritic nickel ore warp
After screening, broken, dehydration, dispensing, mixing, granulation, cloth, it is sintered and obtains sintering deposit；
By the sintering deposit through cooling, screening obtains finished product sintering deposit, then carries out blast furnace process to finished product sintering deposit, is contained
Ferronickel water.
5. method according to claim 4, wherein, the lateritic nickel ore is screened, it is broken after to obtain grade be -50mm's
Lateritic nickel ore.
6. method according to claim 4, wherein, the lateritic nickel ore is after dehydration, and its water content is 20-30wt%.
7. method according to claim 4, wherein, the mixing is followed the steps below：By the laterite nickel after dehydration
Ore deposit, flux, fuel and mixing of returning mine, obtain compound.
8. method according to claim 4, wherein, the flux includes quick lime or lime stone, and the fuel includes Jiao
Powder or coal dust.
9. method according to claim 4, wherein, the particle diameter of the grain group obtained after granulation is 1-8mm.
10. method according to claim 4, wherein, after cloth, the thickness of the bed of material is 500-1200mm.
11. method according to claim 10, wherein, after cloth, the thickness of the bed of material is 700-1000mm.
12. method according to claim 4, wherein, the sintering deposit is cooled to less than 150 DEG C.
13. method according to claim 4, wherein, the grade of the finished product sintering deposit is+5mm.
14. method according to claim 4, wherein, the lateritic nickel ore is after cloth, and the water content of the compound is
18-30wt%.
15. method according to claim 14, wherein, the lateritic nickel ore is after cloth, the water content of the compound
For 20-25wt%.
16. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, before sintering, by the lateritic nickel ore and flux, fuel and return mine into
Row mixing, obtains compound；
Counted, fixed carbon is 8-16wt%, returned mine as 20-30wt% using the gross weight of the compound as 100%.
17. method according to claim 16, wherein, the fixed carbon is 8-12wt%, is returned mine as 25wt%.
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| CN106676261A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-17 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | Efficient uniform mixing process for laterite nickel ore |
| CN108277364B (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2019-12-06 | 中南大学 | Method for strengthening laterite-nickel ore sintering by multi-factor coupling synergy |
| CN110527783B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-05-28 | 江苏江南铁合金有限公司 | Process for improving nickel yield in nickel iron production |
| CN111286611B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-06-08 | 中南大学 | Method for smelting chromium-nickel-containing iron and nickel from laterite-nickel ore |
| CN111663034B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2022-10-14 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | Low-cost blast furnace molten iron production process |
| CN115354214A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-18 | 日照钢铁控股集团有限公司 | Method for producing weathering steel with low energy consumption, low carbon emission and low cost |
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