CN104931525B - A kind of insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring method and system - Google Patents
A kind of insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104931525B CN104931525B CN201510257424.0A CN201510257424A CN104931525B CN 104931525 B CN104931525 B CN 104931525B CN 201510257424 A CN201510257424 A CN 201510257424A CN 104931525 B CN104931525 B CN 104931525B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring method, is to be respectively set temperature sensing optic cable in the inside and outside wall of insulating layer, obtains the temperature T that insulating layer internal layer respectively sets monitoring point1The temperature T of monitoring point is respectively set with insulating layer outer layer2, then obtain the temperature difference T inside and outside insulating layer distribution；The distributed monitoring to heat preservation side efficiency is realized by the temperature difference.The present invention provides monitoring system, including a laser generator, two temperature sensing optic cables and a signal processing system, two temperature sensing optic cables connect the laser generator, it is also connected with the signal processing system, each temperature demodulation set on monitoring point that the signal processing system measures two temperature sensing optic cables is distributed temperature curve, distributed temperature difference cloth curve is being formed by difference, and is exporting the temperature difference data；Two temperature sensing optic cables are laid in the inner side and outer side of insulating layer respectively.The present invention monitors the efficiency for needing to keep the temperature occasion insulating layer on-line, can provide the specific location of deterioration point rapidly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring method and system, are mainly used for heating power heat preservation
The real-time online distributed monitoring for the insulating layer efficiency that pipeline, refrigeration piping, crude oil utilidor and other needs are kept the temperature.
Background technique
Thermal insulation pipeline, crude oil utilidor have insulating layer, and with the passage for using the time, insulating layer part becomes
Shape, aging or damage cause high insulating efficiency decline that technical requirements even are not achieved, for thermal insulation pipeline, will cause energy consumption
Increase even terminal temperature and technical requirements are not achieved；For crude oil pipeline, pipeline conveying efficiency decline, heavy then crude oil are gently then caused
Blocking pipeline is condensed, great production accident even safety accident is caused.
However, pipeline is longer since this kind of pipeline majority is embedded in underground, and the breakage for partial heat-insulating layer, conventional means
It is difficult to find out breaking point, even if carrying out all fronts visual examination by manpower, it is also difficult to find the local damage point inside insulating layer, such as
All replacement insulating layers, will cause greatly to waste, and influence normal production, to cause unnecessary loss.If can be real
When monitor on-line insulating layer performance, in time be accurately positioned insulating layer breaking point, will substantially reduce owner's service conduit heat preservation
Labor intensity and operation cost.
The utility model patent of 203443706 U of Publication No. CN discloses a kind of thick oil heat production steam injection pipeline heat loss
On-Line Monitor Device mainly infers the temperature inside pipeline using monitoring entrance temperature, outlet temperature and environment temperature
Degree distribution, supervises piping failure and heat-energy losses in conjunction with distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system on the outside of insulating layer and wind speed
It surveys.
Above-mentioned document is laid in the outside of insulating layer only with a temperature-measuring optical fiber, is can only obtain outside insulating layer in this way
Temperature Distribution on duct length, pipeline certain point is damaged or insulating layer is damaged at this, all will lead on the outside of insulating layer at this
The temperature at place increases, i.e., is difficult to differentiate pipe leakage or the deterioration of insulating layer performance using simple optical fiber, can give pipeline in this way
Maintenance brings difficulty.When being such as determined as insulating layer damage, only prepare to repair insulating layer, and if it is determined that Pipeline damage
When, the workload of preparation is more much bigger than repairing insulating layer；If it is determined that it is inaccurate, it may cause the relatively billow of maintenance cost
Take, therefore piping failure or insulating layer breakage can be distinguished, there is actual economic value for owner.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitorings
Method and apparatus, on-line monitoring need to keep the temperature the efficiency of occasion insulating layer, can provide the specific location of deterioration point rapidly.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide monitoring method and system, once so that the performance of insulating layer certain point is bad
Change or damage, the degradation of deterioration point can be provided rapidly.
Insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring method provided by the invention is:
Temperature sensing optic cable is respectively set on the inner and outer wall of insulating layer, obtains insulating layer internal layer and respectively sets monitoring point
Temperature T1The temperature T of monitoring point is respectively set with insulating layer outer layer2, then obtain the temperature difference T inside and outside insulating layer distribution；
The distributed monitoring to heat preservation side efficiency is realized by the temperature difference.
Further, the temperature sensing optic cable of connection laser generator is respectively set on the inner and outer wall of insulating layer,
The position and high-temperature temperature T in this position that acquisition insulating layer internal layer respectively sets monitoring point respectively1It is respectively set with insulating layer outer layer
The position of monitoring point and cryogenic temperature T in this position2；Then by the position acquired inside and outside insulating layer and in this position
Temperature signal be transmitted to the processing of respective temperature demodulation device, obtain two temperature distribution histories inside and outside insulating layer；Again
The signal of two temperature distribution histories is transmitted to data processor processes, carries out difference, insulating layer is obtained and respectively sets monitoring point point
Temperature difference T inside and outside cloth exports the distribution temperature difference T signal；The distribution to insulating layer efficiency is realized by temperature difference T
Formula monitoring.
Further, distribution can be calculated by distributed insulating layer internal-external temperature difference in the data processor processes
Insulating layer thermal coefficient exports the distributed thermal coefficient signal, and the high insulating efficiency monitoring of distributed insulating layer is realized with this.
Insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring method provided by the invention can be used in thermo-insulating pipe line, such as hot
Hydraulic piping, crude oil utilidor etc. can be used in the type insulating layer of face, such as freezer or constant temperature greenhouse etc..
For thermo-insulating pipe line, the temperature sensing optic cable is respectively set on the inner and outer wall of insulating layer, is kept the temperature
Layer internal layer respectively sets the temperature T of monitoring point in pipe lengths1The temperature T of monitoring point is respectively set with insulating layer outer layer2, after
And temperature difference T or thermal coefficient of the insulating layer inside and outside the distribution in pipe lengths are obtained, distributed guarantor is realized with this
The high insulating efficiency of warm layer monitors.
For face type insulating layer, temperature sensing optic cable is respectively set on the inner and outer wall of insulating layer, obtains insulating layer
Internal layer respectively sets the temperature T of monitoring point in insulation layer surface1The temperature T of monitoring point is respectively set with insulating layer outer layer2, then obtain
The temperature difference T or thermal coefficient inside and outside the EDS maps formula on insulating layer are obtained, the high insulating efficiency prison of distributed insulating layer is realized with this
It surveys.
Monitoring method of the invention is used for the monitoring of refrigerating field insulating layer efficiency, by reasonably laying differential temperature optical cable,
Can monitoring surface type planar insulating layer, curved surface insulating layer efficiency monitoring.
Specifically, the principle for calculating insulating layer thermal coefficient is:
For transfer pipeline, if temperature T on the inside of insulating layer1, insulating layer temperature outside T2, insulation layer thickness b, insulating layer
Thermal coefficient be λ, according to Fourier law, the rate of heat transfer of the insulating layer unit area are as follows:
By (2) formula it is found that the thermal coefficient of insulating layer is inversely proportional to the temperature difference in outside in insulating layer, for stable state
Conduction-convection problem, the thermal conduction rate q of system be it is constant, when thermal coefficient becomes larger, illustrate insulating layer degradation, with protect
On the basis of the temperature difference or thermal coefficient of warm layer, it can be estimated that the degradation of insulating layer.
For face type insulating layer, Computing Principle is identical, and each point temperature set in insulating layer is constant, and rate of heat transfer q is also
It is constant, become smaller when leading the temperature difference or when hot coefficient becomes larger, illustrate insulating layer degradation, using the thermal coefficient of insulating layer as base
It is quasi-, it can be estimated that the degradation of insulating layer.
In addition, also exporting high-temperature temperature T1Temperature distribution history, wall inside pipeline or face type insulating layer is monitored with this
It is whether damaged.If it is the temperature apparent increase or reduction on the inside of insulating layer in the point, illustrate pipeline or wall rupture at this.
It is monitored by thermal coefficient, it is more more intuitive than being monitored with the distributed temperature difference, it is also more accurate.
Further, the temperature difference is set relative to the distributed temperature difference or distributed thermal coefficient in a data processor
Or thermal coefficient alarm threshold value, the signal input part of alarm obtains the Threshold Alerts signal of data processor, and can start report
Alarm device is to realize the accurate positioning of insulating layer efficiency invalid position.
By set alarm threshold value, when monitor which set point the temperature difference or thermal coefficient reach the given threshold, that is, open
Dynamic warning device, and provide the specific location of the point.
For Threshold Alerts, zoning monitoring can be carried out to area to be monitored, each region can individually set warning level
Value.
For a region or different zones, the given threshold can be identical, be also possible to different.
For the same region, several alarm threshold values also can be set.
For the same region, several alarm threshold values connection warning devices can be different form, the smallest threshold value and
Maximum threshold value and the corresponding alarm form of several threshold values therebetween are different, to distinguish insulating layer degradation.
The spacing of the setting monitoring point, can be set as 0.5-2 meters, preferably 1 meter.
Insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring system provided by the invention, including a laser generator, two temperature
Sensing optic cable and a signal processing system are spent, two temperature sensing optic cables connect the laser generator, are also connected with described
Signal processing system, the temperature demodulation on each setting monitoring point which measure two temperature sensing optic cables
For distributed temperature curve, distributed temperature difference cloth curve is being formed by difference, and is exporting the temperature difference data；Two institutes
State the inner side and outer side that temperature sensing optic cable is laid in insulating layer respectively.
In above-mentioned signal processing system several thermally conductive systems can also be obtained with temperature difference distribution curve negotiating Fourier law
Number, and export the thermal coefficient.
Specifically, the laser generator is connected by splitter at least two circulators, the signal processing system
Including at least one differential thermal calculation unit, which includes at least two temperature demodulation devices and a data processing
Device；Each circulator is connected with a temperature sensing optic cable and a temperature demodulation device, the temperature demodulation device
Signal output end is connected with data processor.
The working principle of data processor is: the light that the temperature demodulation device returns to the corresponding temperature sensing optic cable
Signal is handled to obtain the temperature in each setting monitoring location, i.e. acquisition temperature distribution history, the data processor pair
Difference is carried out in the temperature distribution history that two temperature sensing optic cables obtain and obtains the temperature in each setting monitoring location
Difference, i.e., distributed difference curve.
Further, distributed difference curve is handled by the data processor, obtains the distribution of insulating layer
Formula thermal coefficient.
In signal processing system, including optical signal processing system and/or electrical signal processing system, and built-in algorithm software
To calculate temperature difference distribution curve or thermal coefficient, temperature demodulation device and data processor in signal processing system belong to existing
Technology does not repeat herein.
The signal processing system can also include warning device, and signal input part connects the letter of the data processor
Number output end, the warning device set alarm threshold value so that when the temperature difference for setting monitoring point on the temperature difference distribution curve and/or
Start when thermal coefficient reaches given threshold and alarms.
The alarm can have several, corresponding set each given threshold, the smallest threshold value and maximum threshold value
And the corresponding alarm form of several threshold values therebetween is different, to distinguish insulating layer degradation.
Specifically, the temperature demodulation device is distributed temperature measuring system, which is preferably distributed draw
Graceful temp measuring system.
For utilidor, two temperature sensing optic cables are arranged on pipeline outer wall and insulating layer outer wall, and face type is protected
Warm layer, two temperature sensing optical fibers are on inside and outside two sides of freezer or the insulating layer of greenhouse.Outside pipeline outer wall and insulating layer
Inside and outside wall or face type insulating layer on face the laying structure of temperature sensing optic cable can be one of following several forms or
Several combinations:
1. linear type is arranged, the type is more suitable for thermo-insulating pipe line, i.e. the axis of temperature sensing optic cable and pipeline axis
Line is set in parallel.
2. spiral line type is arranged, the type is more suitable for thermo-insulating pipe line, i.e. screw pitch of the temperature sensing optic cable to set
Be helically wound around on tube wall or insulating layer outer wall on.
3.S type is arranged, and the more thermo-insulating pipe line suitable for being relatively large in diameter of the type, can be used for face type insulating layer,
I.e. optical cable is circuitously arranged on tube wall or on insulating layer outer wall, or is circuitously arranged in inside and outside panel insulating layer
On wall surface.
Temperature sensing optic cable is set in pipe outer wall and insulating layer outer wall, it, can be in pipe outer wall according to the size of pipe diameter
The temperature sensing light of a piece temperature sensing optic cable, or setting two or more quantity is set with corresponding position on insulating layer outer wall
Cable.
If it is on tube wall with that temperature sensing optic cable quantity is arranged on insulating layer outer wall is identical and correspond to each other, setting
On the line cross section of point, what two temperature sensing optic cables in a pair of corresponding pipe outer wall and on insulating layer outer wall were separately connected
The circulator connects two temperature demodulation devices in a differential thermal calculation unit in the signal processing system, correspondingly,
It include N number of differential thermal calculation unit, N and the setting temperature sensing optic cable on tube wall and insulating layer outer wall in the signal processing system
Logarithm it is corresponding.
The distributed temperature difference of available one of a pair of of surveyed distributed temperature of temperature sensing optic cable, is arranged multipair temperature sensing
Optical cable can obtain available several in several orientation in several temperature difference, that is, same root pipe circumference in set point
A temperature difference, in this way, can accurately measure pipeline according to the exception that each side of set point is the upper temperature difference for the pipeline of major diameter
Or insulating layer is damaged or the position of leakage is on the top or lower part of pipeline, or by the left side or by the position on the right.
The optical cable quantity that can also be arranged on tube wall is different from the optical cable quantity on insulating layer outer wall, usually can be guarantor
Temperature sensing optic cable quantity on warm layer outer wall is more.Correspondingly, in a differential thermal calculation unit, the temperature solution
It adjusts the data of device corresponding with the quantity of temperature sensing optic cable, is equally connect with the temperature sensing optic cable on insulating layer outer wall described
Temperature demodulation device connects an adder, and the signal output end of the adder is connect with the data processor again, with same and institute
The data for stating the temperature demodulation device connected on the temperature sensing optic cable on the tube wall of data processor connection do difference.In this way in pipe
On the set point in road, several optical cables in the temperature of an optical cable on tube wall and insulating layer outer wall are measured to the average value of temperature
Seek the temperature difference.
Insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring system provided by the invention can be used for the prison of face type insulating layer
It surveys, at this moment, two distributed temperature measuring systems can be set inside and outside the type insulating layer of face, in two distributed temperature measuring systems
Two temperature sensing optic cables accordingly linear extension or curve extend on two sides of insulating layer；Or in insulating layer
Two sides be correspondingly arranged several temperature sensing optic cables, each temperature sensing optic cable of side is arranged in parallel or part
Ground is arranged in parallel or not parallel setting.
In the laying of temperature sensing optic cable, the spacing of temperature sensing optic cable is preferably at 100-500 centimetres.
The signal processing system further include: Laser control unit, opening and closing, the laser for controlling laser generator are strong and weak
With launch time, frequency etc..
The signal processing system can also include alarm unit, for receiving the distributed temperature difference series of data processor
Data or thermal coefficient compare preset alarm threshold value, and starting and alarm are single after being received in compliance with the data of alarm threshold value
The alarm of member connection.
The data processor can be special DSP signal processing system or commercial computer system.
In this way by the temperature difference inside and outside real-time monitoring insulating layer, the thermal coefficient of insulating layer, i.e. insulating layer can be monitored
Efficiency.When insulating layer causes high insulating efficiency to decline due to damaged or aging, pass through outside in real-time monitoring insulating layer
The temperature difference can detect the efficiency of insulating layer, monitor especially by the real-time online distribution temperature difference, and insulating layer effect may be implemented
The distributed monitoring of energy, and the specific location of insulating layer efficiency deterioration is accurately positioned.
In the method for the invention, it can be judged by the measured temperature difference, preferably, be calculated again by the temperature difference
Thermal coefficient shows the efficiency of insulating layer by thermal coefficient.
Method of the invention compared with prior art, adds the temperature-measuring optical fiber i.e. temperature sensing optic cable inside insulating layer,
It only needs to acquire the temperature inside and outside insulating layer in monitoring insulating layer efficiency as a result, does not need monitoring such as transfer pipeline
Nozzle temperature, environment temperature, wind speed calculate the distributed thermal coefficient of insulating layer, so method is simple, while can also be with
So that monitoring system complexity reduces, due to detecting the temperature on the outside of the temperature and insulating layer of pipe outer wall simultaneously, can be with
Piping failure insulating layer two kinds of events of failure are distinguished, two kinds of event types are accurately differentiated, reduce maintenance setting up expenses.
Inventive point of the invention is that two temperature sensing optic cables are arranged using two optical cable distributed temperature measuring systems, divides
The inside and outside distributed temperature difference of insulating layer She Zhi not be surveyed on two sides inside and outside insulating layer, pass through distributed temperature difference meter by the temperature difference or again
Calculate the distributed thermal coefficient of insulating layer.By the distributed temperature and the distribution temperature difference that monitor utilidor length direction
The temperature difference distribution map of abnormal or each point of monitoring surface type system plane, curved surface or solid, can clearly tell is
Tube wall or such as cold storage wall rupture and leakage or insulating layer are damaged.Therefore, the present invention being capable of the heat preservation of real-time online distributed monitoring
The correlations such as the specific location of insulating layer efficiency weakness and the thermal energy conveying efficiency of entire heating pipeline are accurately positioned in the efficiency of layer
Information.And the temp measuring system of a temperature sensing optic cable is used in the prior art, it cannot obtain warm inside and outside the insulating layer of monitoring point
Difference can only obtain thermal coefficient, the variability and inaccuracy of the parameter, so that existing method according to some other parameter
Can more " predictive monitoring " be referred to as with system.In addition, method and system provided by the invention can divide monitoring range
Area's monitoring is arranged different alarm threshold values for the particularity of different zones, realizes the differential monitoring in monitoring range.
Below by drawings and examples, the present invention will be further described.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of utilidor setting internal and external temperature sensing optic cable.
Fig. 2 is the A-A schematic cross-sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is display insulating layer heat-conduction principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that heat preservation shown in Fig. 1 is arranged in insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring system provided by the invention
Structural schematic diagram on pipeline.
Fig. 5 is the flow diagram of the insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring system provided by the invention of corresponding diagram 4.
Fig. 6 to Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram that several forms of differential temperature sensing optic cable are laid on utilidor.
Fig. 9 and Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram that temperature sensing optic cable is laid on the type insulating layer of the faces such as freezer.
Wherein: 1 is processing unit；2 be room temperature sensing optic cable；3 be high temp sensitive optical cable；4 be insulating layer；5 be pipeline.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 show the insulating tube for being equipped with insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring system provided by the invention
Road, wherein the insulating layer 4 coated including pipeline 5 and its outside.
Differential temperature optical fiber is respectively set on the outer wall of pipeline 5 and on the outer wall of insulating layer 4, i.e. high temp sensitive optical cable 3 and poor
Warm optical fiber, i.e. low temperature sensing optic cable 2.In embodiment as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, low temperature sensing optic cable 2, high temp sensitive optical cable 3 are flat
Laid along duct length to the capable axis in pipeline 5.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring system provided by the invention and temperature sensing
The associated processing unit 1 of optical cable, the signal processing system include:
Laser controller, opening and closing, laser power and launch time, frequency etc. for controlling laser generator；
The temperature demodulation device of temperature sensing optic cable measured signal, for so that the optical signal demodulation that temperature sensing optic cable returns
As distributed temperature curve；
Data processor, two groups of distribution temperature curve data for that will be set to insulating layer ectonexine carry out difference and obtain
Distributed difference curve, or a series of distributed thermal coefficients are further calculated, then export；
Alarm, distributed temperature difference series data or thermal coefficient, comparison for receiving data processor are preset
Alarm threshold value, start the warning device that connect with alarm after being received in compliance with the data of alarm threshold value.
Various pieces in the signal processing system are the prior art, only in the insulating layer efficacy monitoring of the prior art
In do not have to be separately positioned on the corresponding position of insulating layer two sides with two temperature sensing optic cables, at temperature demodulation unit and data
Distributed difference curve is obtained in reason and output unit and carries out the technology that data output shows insulating layer efficiency.
Fig. 5 shows the schematic block diagram of signal processing system, laser generator, is controlled by laser controller, and one
1X2 splitter has a laser entrance and two laser exits, and laser entrance connects laser generator, and two laser exits will
Laser is divided into two-way and connects temperature sensing optic cable 2 and temperature sensing optic cable 3 by circulator, connects a temperature on each circulator
Demodulator, in the present embodiment, temperature demodulation device are Raman temperature demodulation device.It is, of course, also possible to replace with distributed Brillouin
Optical fiber temperature measurement system or fiber grating quasi-distributed optical fiber temp measuring system or distribution cable temp measuring system etc. can be achieved
The system of distributed temperature detection.By the temperature demodulation device, Temperature Distribution formula curve 1 and Temperature Distribution formula curve 2. are obtained
The signal output end of two temperature demodulation devices is connected on a data processor.The data processor is for two
Temperature distribution history carries out difference, obtains the temperature difference distribution on length of pipeline direction, then does data output, output is to report
Alert device.
Alarm sets alarm threshold value, decides whether the warning device report by connecting with alarm according to the data of output
It is alert.
For Threshold Alerts, zoning monitoring can be carried out to area to be monitored, such as on the long utilidor of 5 kms,
Every 500 meters are divided into a region, and each region individually sets alarm threshold value.
Different zones, the given threshold can be identical, be also possible to different.
For the same region, several alarm threshold values also can be set.Several alarm threshold value connection warning devices can be
Different form, such as show the smallest threshold value and maximum threshold value with blue lamp and red colored lamp on a display screen, with green light,
Amber light and orange lamp indicate that the corresponding alarm form of three threshold values therebetween is different, to distinguish insulating layer degradation.
In above-mentioned insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring system, pass through temperature sensing optic cable 3 and temperature sensing
Optical cable 2 obtains insulating layer internal layer temperature T1With insulating layer exospheric temperature T2, two edges are obtained by two Raman temperature demodulation devices
Temperature distribution history in the length of utilidor.
On data processor, by carrying out difference to two temperature curves, the temperature difference on length of pipeline direction is obtained
Distribution.
In above system, insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring method provided by the invention, is to pass through heat preservation
Layer internal-external temperature difference calculates insulating layer thermal coefficient, and the high insulating efficiency of each point insulating layer on pipeline is detected with this.
Specifically, the method for calculating insulating layer thermal coefficient is:
The high temp sensitive optical cable 3 and low temperature sensing of connection laser generator are respectively set on the inner and outer wall of insulating layer
Optical cable 2 acquires position and high-temperature temperature T in this position that insulating layer internal layer respectively sets monitoring point respectively1With insulating layer outer layer
The position of each setting monitoring point and cryogenic temperature T in this position2,, the spacing for setting monitoring point is 1 meter, along pipe range side
To being uniformly arranged.Then the temperature signal by the position acquired inside and outside insulating layer and in this position is transmitted to respective Raman temperature
Demodulator processes are spent, two temperature distribution histories inside and outside insulating layer are obtained；Again by the letter of two temperature distribution histories
Data processor processes number are transmitted to, difference is carried out, insulating layer is obtained and respectively sets temperature difference T inside and outside the distribution of monitoring point, output
The distribution temperature difference T signal；The distributed monitoring to insulating layer efficiency is realized by temperature difference T.
Further, distribution can also be calculated by distributed insulating layer internal-external temperature difference in the data processor processes
Formula insulating layer thermal coefficient exports the distributed thermal coefficient signal, and the high insulating efficiency monitoring of distributed insulating layer is realized with this.
As shown in figure 3, setting the high temperature T on the inside of insulating layer1, room temperature T on the outside of insulating layer2, insulation layer thickness b, insulating layer
Thermal coefficient is λ, according to Fourier law, the rate of heat transfer of the insulating layer unit area are as follows:
By (2) formula it is found that the thermal coefficient of insulating layer is inversely proportional to the temperature difference in outside in insulating layer, when thermal coefficient becomes larger
When, illustrate insulating layer degradation.
Here, the liquid in pipeline can be generally considered as with permanent temperature and constant speed transmission, therefore it is believed that pipeline
The heat transfer rate q of upper each point is constant along its length, therefore when the temperature difference T in somewhere becomes smaller on pipeline, that is, at this
Thermal coefficient becomes larger, and illustrates that insulating layer is out of joint at this, such as insulating layer is damaged.If thermal coefficient is constant at this, and protect
The inside and outside temperature of warm layer raises simultaneously, and illustrates pipeline breaking at this.
In this way by the temperature and the temperature difference inside and outside real-time monitoring insulating layer, the thermal coefficient of insulating layer can be monitored, that is, is protected
The efficiency of warm layer.When pipeline somewhere insulating layer causes high insulating efficiency to decline due to damaged or aging, protected by real-time monitoring
The temperature difference of warm layer medial and lateral can detect the efficiency of insulating layer, monitor especially by the real-time online distribution temperature difference, can be with
It realizes the distributed monitoring of insulating layer efficiency, and the specific location of insulating layer efficiency deterioration is accurately positioned.
Warning device in insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring system provided by the invention, connects the data
On processor, export so that working as the temperature difference of setting monitoring point and/or thermal coefficient on the temperature difference distribution curve to warning device,
Start warning device when reaching given threshold with the numerical value of the temperature difference and/or thermal coefficient and alarms.
The data processor can be special DSP signal processing system or commercial computer system.
The laser issues laser pulse to temperature sensing optic cable 2 and temperature sensing optic cable 3, by temperature sensing optic cable (
Can claim its temperature sensing optical cable or differential temperature optical fiber) return rear orientation light via circulator, be sent to Raman temperature demodulation device, pass through solution
The Temperature Distribution of temperature regulating sensing optic cable 2 and temperature sensing optic cable 3 calculates insulating layer 4 along the axial upper heat transfer of conveyance conduit 5
Coefficient distribution, and can according to preset threshold value determine alarm whether, such as alarm, alarm point will be provided on heat distribution pipeline
Actual physical location.
Therefore, basic form of the signal processing system in the present invention is sensing unit and signal processing unit, at signal
Reason unit can be light unit, it is also possible to which electric unit, the interior unit includes optical path, circuit, built-in algorithm software etc..At signal
Managing unit is electric unit, such as the optical signal of optical cable can be converted to electric signal using optical transmitter and receiver, is then issued to electric signal
Data processor obtains thermal coefficient using algorithm software built-in in data processor.These belong to the prior art, herein
It does not repeat.
Primary object of the invention is to provide a kind of insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring method, passes through deployment
Temperature sensing optic cable passes through point in outside in real time on-line monitoring insulating layer on the outside of the walls such as tube wall or container and on the outside of heat preservation side
Cloth temperature and the temperature difference are calculated the distributed efficiency of insulating layer by the classical formulas that thermodynamics conducts, can found in time
And the weak location of insulating layer is positioned, it can also be according to detecting T1The exception of temperature and find and position such as pipeline breaking
Insulating layer damage and pipeline etc. are ruptured two kinds of fault distinguish and understood, to reduce the maintenance cost of heat supply pipeline by position.
The method and system of the invention can also be used for the monitoring of refrigerating field insulating layer efficiency, and this method can be used not only for pipe
The efficiency of road Linear insulating layer detects, by reasonably laying differential temperature optical cable, can also monitoring surface type insulating layer efficiency.
The monitoring system of utilidor and freezer is specifically expressed as follows respectively below:
Shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, temperature sensing optic cable 2 is laid on the outside of insulating layer, temperature sensing optic cable 3 applies
On the outside of the utilidor, the inside of insulating layer 4, signal processing apparatus 1 is according to the sensing of temperature sensing optic cable 2, sensing optic cable 3
Temperature signal T1And T2Temperature Distribution and temperature difference distribution of the insulating layer in utilidor axial direction are calculated, and is converted to insulating layer
Efficiency tests the axial distribution difference curve of heat transfer pipe, and is reported according to weak location of the preset threshold value to insulating layer
It is alert.
Signal processing apparatus and as shown in Figure 5 with the connection relationship of temperature sensing optic cable.
It is possible to further obtain thermal coefficient by built-in algorithm software in a data processor, according to preset
The threshold value of thermal coefficient alarms for the weak location of insulating layer.
If the diameter of pipeline is smaller, the setting of sensing optic cable 2,3 can be as shown in Figure 1, 2.
It can be supervised by insulating layer of two difference curves for the different location of a section set point of pipeline
It surveys.
It, can be right as shown in fig. 6, sensing optic cable 3 and sensing optic cable 3 ' is arranged on the surface of pipeline 5 if caliber is larger
Ying Di, corresponding position setting sensing optic cable 2 and sensing optic cable 2 ' on insulating layer outer wall.As a result, in signal processing apparatus, with swash
Optical generator connects two 1*2 splitters, and the circulator 1 and circulator 2 of one of 1*2 splitter connection are separately connected sensing
Thus optical cable 2 and sensing optic cable 3 obtain two temperature difference distribution curves, then obtain a difference curve, another 1*2 splitter
The circulator 1 and circulator 2 of connection are separately connected sensing optic cable 2 ' and sensing optic cable 3 ', and it is bent thus to obtain two temperature difference distributions
Line then obtains another difference curve.
It closer, can be as shown in fig. 7, four pairs of sensing optic cables of setting, and signal processing if pipeline diameter is bigger
Device also extends accordingly, obtains heat preservation of four difference curves for four different locations of an interface setting point of pipeline
Layer is monitored.
Optical cable is laid in the duct, for pipe diameter size difference, can be arranged such as the mode of Fig. 6 to 7, correspondingly, is such as schemed
The laser output interface of respective numbers is arranged in splitter shown in 5, that is, obtains multiple difference curves.
Less optical cable can also be set on tube wall, more optical cable is set on insulating layer outer wall, because insulating layer is straight
Diameter is larger, and such as the mode of Fig. 8, an optical cable side pipe wall temperature on tube wall, at this moment two optical cables are needed on corresponding insulating layer outer wall
Then the two temperature averageds measured on insulating layer outer wall are sought with the temperature on a corresponding tube wall
The temperature difference.
There are four differential thermal calculation units in the signal processing system, correspondingly, in a differential thermal calculation unit,
The data of the temperature demodulation device are corresponding with the quantity of temperature sensing optic cable, equally with the temperature sensing optic cable on insulating layer outer wall
The temperature demodulation device of connection connects an adder, and the signal output end of the adder is connect with the data processor again,
It is made the difference with the data of the temperature demodulation device connected on the temperature sensing optic cable on the same tube wall being connect with the data processor
Point.In this way on the set point of pipeline, the temperature of an optical cable on tube wall and several optical cables on insulating layer outer wall are measured
The average value of temperature seeks the temperature difference.
For the faces such as freezer, constant temperature greenhouse type insulating layer, temperature sensing optic cable 2,3 can spiral way or such as shown in Figure 8
The mode of S type shown in Fig. 9 is laid on two sides of face type insulating layer.
The high temp sensitive optical cable 3 being arranged on insulating layer inner wall obtains temperature T on the inside of insulating layer1, on insulating layer outer wall
The low temperature sensing optic cable 2 of setting obtains insulating layer temperature outside T2。
Then corresponding temperature demodulation device is connected on temperature sensing optic cable, is obtained temperature distribution history, is then passed through number again
Difference is carried out for two temperature curves according to processor, obtains temperature difference distribution curve.
The efficiency of insulating layer can be monitored by temperature difference distribution curve.
Data processor can also be further advanced by, thermal coefficient is calculated according to the temperature difference, be kept the temperature by thermal coefficient
The monitoring of layer efficiency.
Sensing optic cable is set on pipeline, preferably in the setting one of 100-500 centimetres of circumferential arc length interval, is monitored in face type
In system, on a monitoring surface, it can be a sensing optic cable such as Fig. 9 or Figure 10 be coiled on monitoring surface, and sensing optic cable
The spacing that is preferably also of spacing at 100-500 centimetres.If some external environments are for thermal insulation material, relatively more severe, insulating layer holds
Place easy to damage can allow the density of sensing optic cable larger.
The present invention can more than confirm that pipeline is leaked on earth or insulating layer heat insulation effect declines as early as possible,
Play a role to be quickly found out fault point and formulating emergency first-aid repair plan, and can preferably be owner's energy conservation, consumption reduction, emission reduction,
Synergy.If pipe insulating layer local damage, heat insulation effect decline but cannot be found and be repaired in time, throughout the year meeting damage month after month
Lose huge energy；If pipe insulating layer fails on a large scale, the huge waste of energy will lead to；The temperature of pipeline is protected effect and is obtained
Practical guarantee, the thermal medium for the same temperature that pipeline can see thermal substation off convey farther；Thermal Corp is spending together
The investment construction expense of sample, the thermal substation for building same size, in the case where expending the same energy, can obtain it is bigger it is social with
Economic benefit.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring method, it is characterised in that:
Temperature sensing optic cable is respectively set on the inner and outer wall of insulating layer, obtains the temperature that insulating layer internal layer respectively sets monitoring point
Spend T1The temperature T of monitoring point is respectively set with insulating layer outer layer2, then obtain the temperature difference T inside and outside insulating layer distribution；
The distributed monitoring to insulating layer efficiency is realized by the temperature difference；
The temperature sensing optic cable of connection laser generator is respectively set on the inner and outer wall of insulating layer, acquires insulating layer respectively
The position and high-temperature temperature T in this position that internal layer respectively sets monitoring point1With insulating layer outer layer respectively set monitoring point position and
Cryogenic temperature T in this position2；Then the temperature signal by the position acquired inside and outside insulating layer and in this position is transmitted to respectively
From temperature demodulation device processing, obtain two temperature distribution histories inside and outside insulating layer；Again by two Temperature Distribution songs
The signal of line is transmitted to data processor processes, carries out difference, and acquisition insulating layer respectively sets the temperature difference inside and outside the distribution of monitoring point
T exports the distribution temperature difference T signal；The distributed monitoring to insulating layer efficiency is realized by temperature difference T；
The insulating layer is the insulating layer that thermo-insulating pipe line is laid along pipe range in long lines；
Distributed insulating layer thermal coefficient is calculated by distributed insulating layer internal-external temperature difference, distributed insulating layer is realized with this
Keep the temperature energy efficiency monitoring；
Specifically, the method for calculating insulating layer thermal coefficient is:
For transfer pipeline, if temperature T on the inside of insulating layer1, insulating layer temperature outside T2, insulation layer thickness b, insulating layer leads
Hot coefficient is λ, according to Fourier law, the rate of heat transfer of the insulating layer unit area are as follows:
By (2) formula it is found that the thermal coefficient of insulating layer is inversely proportional to the temperature difference in outside in insulating layer, the heat of a stable state is passed
Guiding systems, the thermal conduction rate q of system be it is constant, when thermal coefficient becomes larger, illustrate insulating layer degradation, with insulating layer
Thermal coefficient on the basis of, assess the degradation of insulating layer；
In a data processor relative to the distributed temperature difference or distributed thermal coefficient, the temperature difference or thermal coefficient alarm are set
The signal input part of threshold value, alarm obtains the Threshold Alerts signal of data processor, and can start warning device and be protected with realizing
The accurate positioning of warm layer efficiency invalid position,
When the temperature difference T in somewhere on pipeline becomes smaller, thermal coefficient becomes larger at this, illustrates that insulating layer goes wrong at this；If
Thermal coefficient is constant at this, and the inside and outside temperature of insulating layer raises simultaneously, and illustrates pipe leakage or breakage at this.
2. monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: for Threshold Alerts, divide area to be monitored
Area's monitoring, each region individually sets alarm threshold value；
For a region or different zones, the given threshold is identical, or is different；
For the same region, it is also provided with several alarm threshold values；
Form is different for each alarm threshold value connection warning device；
Several alarm threshold values of the same area, the smallest threshold value and maximum threshold value and the corresponding alarm of several threshold values therebetween
Form is different, to distinguish insulating layer degradation；,
The spacing of the setting monitoring point, is set as 0.5-2 meters.
3. insulating layer used in a kind of insulating layer efficiency real-time online distributed monitoring method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is imitated
Energy real-time online distributed monitoring system, including a laser generator, two temperature sensing optic cables and a signal processing system, two
Temperature sensing optic cable described in root connects the laser generator, is also connected with the signal processing system, which makes
Each temperature demodulation set on monitoring point for measuring of two temperature sensing optic cables as distributed temperature curve, in process difference shape
At distributed temperature difference distribution curve, and export the temperature difference data；Two temperature sensing optic cables are laid in insulating layer respectively
Inner side and outer side.
4. monitoring system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the temperature difference point can also be used in above-mentioned signal processing system
Cloth curve negotiating Fourier law obtains several thermal coefficients, and exports the thermal coefficient；
The laser generator is connected by splitter at least two circulators, and the signal processing system includes at least one
A differential thermal calculation unit, the differential thermal calculation unit include at least two temperature demodulation devices and a data processor；It is each described
Circulator is connected with a temperature sensing optic cable and a temperature demodulation device, the signal output end of the temperature demodulation device with
Data processor is connected, or and, distributed difference curve is handled by the data processor, obtains insulating layer
Distributed thermal coefficient；
The signal processing system further includes warning device, and signal input part connects the signal output of the data processor
End, the warning device set alarm threshold value, so that when the temperature difference and/or thermally conductive system that set monitoring point on the temperature difference distribution curve
Start when number reaches given threshold and alarms.
5. monitoring system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the alarm has several, and corresponding set is each
A given threshold, the smallest threshold value and maximum threshold value and the corresponding alarm form of several threshold values therebetween are different, to distinguish
Insulating layer degradation；
The Temperature Demodulation System is distributed temperature measuring system, which is distributed Raman temp measuring system；
For utilidor, two temperature sensing optic cables are arranged on pipeline outer wall and insulating layer outer wall.
6. monitoring system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in pipeline outer wall and insulating layer outside wall temperature sense light
The laying structure of cable is the combination of one or more of following several forms:
A. linear type is arranged, i.e., the axis of temperature sensing optic cable is set in parallel with conduit axis.
B. spiral line type is arranged, i.e., temperature sensing optic cable is wrapped on tube wall and/or outside insulating layer with the pitch auger that sets
On wall.
The setting of C.S type, i.e., optical cable is circuitously arranged on tube wall or on insulating layer outer wall；
The temperature sensing optic cable of one, two or more quantity is arranged in corresponding position in pipe outer wall and insulating layer outer wall；
On tube wall with that temperature sensing optic cable quantity is arranged on insulating layer outer wall is identical and correspond to each other, it is horizontal in the pipeline of set point
On section, two temperature sensing optic cable measured temperatures in a pair of corresponding pipe outer wall and on insulating layer outer wall obtain a temperature
Multipair temperature sensing optic cable is arranged in difference, can obtain in multiple temperature difference, that is, same root pipe circumference in set point
Several temperature difference are obtained in several orientation；Alternatively, the optical cable quantity on the optical cable quantity being arranged on tube wall and insulating layer outer wall is not
Together, the optical cable quantity on insulating layer outer wall is more, in this way on the set point of pipeline, by the temperature of an optical cable on tube wall
The average value difference for measuring temperature with several optical cables on insulating layer outer wall seeks the temperature difference.
7. the monitoring system according to one of claim 3 to 6, it is characterised in that: the spacing of the temperature sensing optic cable exists
100-500 centimetres of spacing.
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Effective date of registration: 20191206 Address after: 100022 Beijing Chaoyang District Guangqu Road 36 Courtyard 5 Floor 518 Patentee after: Beijing Baishitong Pipeline Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: No.2 a1103, Jiulong garden, No.29, Guangqumen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022 Co-patentee before: Zhang Yue Patentee before: Miao Wentao |