CN104928455B - A kind of heat-punch member obtains method and the device of the distribution of strong plasticity energy differentiation - Google Patents
A kind of heat-punch member obtains method and the device of the distribution of strong plasticity energy differentiation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses method and device that a kind of heat-punch member obtains the distribution of strong plasticity energy differentiation, cold air stream and hot gas flow is adopted to act on intensity enhancing district and the plasticity enhancement region of quenching part respectively, the effect of described hot gas flow carries out within the scope of partition temperature He in partition time range, to make carbon bulk diffusion to residual austenite by martensite, thus make residual austenite stabilization in quenching part, and then plasticity enhancement region is made to be martensite and residual austenite mixed structure within the scope of use temperature; Described cold air stream is used for making residual austenite in quenching part continue to change martensite into, and making intensity enhancing district within the scope of use temperature is martensitic stucture.Present invention also offers a kind of device realizing as above method, it comprises heat-punch member fixed cell and hot gas flow closed cell.What the inventive method and device can improve heat-punch member moulds mechanical property by force, simply, effectively realizes the distribution of heat-punch member strong plasticity energy differentiation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-strength steel field of hot stamping forming, more specifically, relate to method and device that stamping parts obtains the distribution of strong plasticity energy differentiation.
Background technology
The high-strength steel part strength obtained by hot stamping technology can reach more than 1500MPa, but its ductility is lower, and unit elongation is about 5%.Along with the application of high-strength steel and hot press-formed technology, in industry, recognize that component mechanical property is same with the problem that vehicle body security requirement matches to merit attention except raising automobile structure intensity gradually.
The different zones of Same Part may have different mechanical property demands, i.e. the differentiation distribution of part mechanical property.For automobile B-column, when its top and middle part need high strength to ensure that automobile withstands shocks, car body keeps complete, and bottom then needs certain intensity and good ductility to absorb energy, prevents collision intrusion from causing occupant to endanger.
The existing method realizing part poor performance alienation distribution normally adopts partition on mould, material phase transformation is controlled by different die temperatures, make the region requiring high strength that martensitic transformation occur, require that ferrite or bainite transformation occur in the region of high ductibility.
Although this method can realize the differentiation distribution of part performance in one step forming process, remain in following technical problem: (1) adopts the technique controlling difficulty of partition comparatively large on mould, and zone of transition unstable properties; (2) loss of strength of ductility upper zone is comparatively large, and tensile strength is only about 600MPa.
Summary of the invention
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides method and device that a kind of heat-punch member obtains the distribution of strong plasticity energy differentiation, its object is to, for the heat-punch member of the hot press-formed termination temperature and incomplete quench extremely quenches, optionally to it, there is different region of moulding by force performance requriements to cool or heat effect, the cooling effect of cold air stream can obtain high strength, the heating and thermal insulation interaction energy of hot gas flow obtains high-ductility, thus the comprehensive of heat-punch member can be improved mould mechanical property by force, simply, effectively realize the distribution of heat-punch member strong plasticity energy differentiation.Solve thus in existing strong plasticity energy differentiated technology, or the technical problem that technique controlling difficulty is comparatively large or in high plastic zone, loss of strength is large.
For achieving the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of method that heat-punch member obtains the distribution of strong plasticity energy differentiation, cold air stream and hot gas flow is adopted to act on intensity enhancing district and the plasticity enhancement region of quenching part respectively, the effect of described hot gas flow carries out within the scope of partition temperature He in partition time range, to make carbon bulk diffusion to residual austenite by martensite, thus make residual austenite stabilization in quenching part, and then plasticity enhancement region is made to be martensite and residual austenite mixed structure within the scope of use temperature; Described cold air stream is used for making residual austenite in quenching part continue to change martensite into, and making intensity enhancing district within the scope of use temperature is martensitic stucture;
Described quenching part refer to hot press-formed after stop through incomplete quench process at temperature in quenching part.
By above inventive concept, adopt cold air stream or hot gas flow to act on the corresponding position of quenching part, the cooling effect of cold air stream makes the region requiring high strength continue martensitic transformation occurs, and obtains high strength simultaneously; The heating and thermal insulation effect of hot gas flow, make the region requiring high-ductility that carbon partition occur, strength retention while effective raising unit elongation, thus the comprehensive of raising heat-punch member moulds mechanical property by force, is a kind of method simply, effectively realizing the distribution of heat-punch member strong plasticity energy differentiation.
Further, the partition temperature scope of described hot gas flow effect is 200 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C, and described partition time range is 10s ~ 600s.This partition temperature scope and partition time range require to determine primarily of the quenching-carbon partition heat treatment characteristic of material and the unit elongation in high-ductility region.
Further, described cold air stream refers to that temperature is lower than the air-flow of 25 DEG C.
Further, the medium of described hot gas flow or described cold air stream is preferably air.Medium is not defined as air, can also be nitrogen, argon gas, the mixed gas of the pure gases such as helium or multiple gases composition.
Further, after described effect terminates, employing temperature carries out cooling process lower than the air-flow of 25 DEG C to whole part.The effect of cooling process is the carbon partition process terminating rapidly high-ductility region, makes whole part be quickly cooled to room temperature simultaneously.
Further, the material of described part is the hot stamping steel being applicable to the process of quenching-carbon partition.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of device realizing method described above, it is characterized in that, comprise heat-punch member fixed cell and hot gas flow closed cell, described heat-punch member fixed cell and hot gas flow closed cell comprise the first air-flow division board and the second air-flow division board respectively, described first air-flow division board and the second air-flow division board match with described External Shape respectively, described part can be fixed respectively and can be formed for the accommodating enclosed space of hot gas flow with part.
By above inventive concept, according to the features of shape of heat-punch member, design corresponding heat-punch member fixed cell and hot gas flow closed cell, for the heat-punch member through incomplete quench process at quenching termination temperature, it is transferred to rapidly on heat-punch member fixed cell, hot gas flow closed cell and heat-punch member fixed cell are closed, uses hot gas flow to high-ductility region heating and thermal insulation, use cold air stream to cool fast high intensity region; Finally remove hot gas flow closed cell, use cold air stream to carry out entirety cooling to heat-punch member.This apparatus structure is simple, and easy handling is with low cost, uses this device to carry out differentiation distribution process, can increase work efficiency, and can ensure quality product.
Further, described hot gas flow closed cell also comprises hot gas flow export pipeline and described hot gas flow entrance pipe, and described hot gas flow entrance pipe axial location is higher than hot gas flow export pipeline axial location.
In the present invention, have employed quenching-carbon partition thermal treatment process, this technique is that steel is carried out incomplete quench under quenching stops temperature, make its generating portion martensitic transformation, being incubated for some time (partition time) in certain temperature (partition temperature) afterwards makes carbon be spread to austenite by martensite, thus produce the at room temperature stable residual austenite of a part, improve the plasticity of steel.Based on the method for above principle, can ensure that high plastic zone plasticity significantly improves, but intensity does not reduce or reduces a little.
Of the present invention realize heat-punch member strong plasticity energy differentiation distribution method in, according to concrete part and service condition determination high intensity region thereof and high-ductility region, also be to require according to the unit elongation that high plastic zone is final and in conjunction with the quenching-carbon partition heat treatment characteristic of part material itself, thus determine that its quenching stops temperature, partition temperature scope and partition time range.Quenching termination temperature is a certain temperature between Ms (martensite start) point Ms and finishing temperature Mf, is called for short " termination temperature ".According to partition temperature scope and partition time range, and in conjunction with the attribute of hot gas flow, determine the hot stream temperature and the action time that act on high-ductility region.
In general, the above technical scheme conceived by the present invention compared with prior art, can obtain following beneficial effect:
(1) compare traditional radiant heating pattern, realize cooling or being incubated by temperature and the convective heat exchange between the adjustable air-flow of flow and heat-punch member, which heat transfer rate is fast, can obtain comparatively uniform temperature distribution, ensure that the stable of part performance; Further, cold air stream is adopted to cool intensity region further, make previously in the heat-punch member of incomplete quench process residual austenite change martensite into further, thus improve its intensity, and the corresponding hot gas flow that adopts processes high plastic zone, make residual austenite stabilization, thus the plasticity of high plastic zone can be increased substantially and the intensity in this district can not be caused significantly to reduce.In the inventive method, cooling and heating and thermal insulation region can be selected flexibly, slightly fall the unit elongation significantly improving the hot gas flow zone of action in low intensive situation, and the high strength of cooled region can ensured, while realizing strong plasticity energy differentiation, improve the comprehensive shock resistance mechanical property of part.
(2) apparatus structure needed for the inventive method is simple, controls flexibly, and be easy to realize, and can arrange multiple station, can process multiple part, efficiency is high, and cost is low simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is design of part schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention, and it comprises high intensity region and high-ductility region, and wherein, 1 represents the first high-strength region, and 2 represent high-ductility region, and 3 represent the second high-strength region.
Fig. 2 is heat-punch member fixed cell structural representation in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is hot gas flow close cell configurations schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 (a) is stereographic map, and Fig. 3 (b) is front view;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that in the embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange simultaneously of hot and cold air-flow realizes strong plasticity difference distribution;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of heat-punch member overall cooling under cold air stream in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 changes heat treated schematic diagram to two heat-punch members in the embodiment of the present invention simultaneously.
In all of the figs, identical Reference numeral is used for representing identical element or structure, wherein:
1-first high intensity region 2-high-ductility region 3-second high intensity region
4-base for supporting 5-heat insulating mattress 6-supports fixed link
7-first air-flow division board 8-second air-flow division board 9-hot gas flow export pipeline
Part 12-first cold air stream of 10-hot gas flow entrance pipe 11-incomplete quench
13-hot gas flow 14-second cold air stream 15-heating and pressurizing device
16-hot gas flow entrance 17-first heat exchange station 18-heating power supply
19-gas reheater 20-second heat exchange station 21-hot gas flow reclaims outlet
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, if below in described each embodiment of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
Fig. 1 is design of part schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention, and it comprises high intensity region and high-ductility region, and wherein, 1 represents the first high-strength region, and 2 represent high-ductility region, and 3 represent the second high-strength region.The military service performance requriements of target part in the embodiment of the present invention: be distributed in the high strength that the first high-strength region 1 of both sides and the second high-strength region 3 require to have more than 1500MPa; Middle high-ductility region 2 requires the unit elongation with more than 12%.Target part material is 30CrMnSi2Nb, its composition is massfraction C:0.28%, Si:1.60%, Mn:1.10%, Cr:0.99%, Nb:0.029%, S≤0.005%, P≤0.012%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity, the Ms (martensite start) point Ms point of this material is 340 DEG C, martensitic transformation finishing temperature Mf point is 240 DEG C, based on the heat treatment experiment result of this material, when termination temperature of quenching is 270 DEG C, keep the partition time of 60s ~ 180s the partition temperature scopes of 300 DEG C ~ 420 DEG C under, the unit elongation of more than 12% can be obtained.According to above-mentioned partition temperature and partition time range, determine in the present embodiment that the gas flow temperature acting on high-ductility region is 350 DEG C, the action time between air-flow and heat-punch member is 100s, and moving gaseouse medium uses air.
According to the features of shape of target part, heat-punch member fixed cell as shown in Figure 2 and the hot gas flow closed cell shown in Fig. 3 are set.As shown in Figure 2, in the present invention, heat-punch member fixed cell comprises two-layer base for supporting 4 and one deck heat insulating mattress 5, and heat insulating mattress 5 is arranged between two-layer base for supporting 4, and such arranges the calorific loss that can reduce hot gas flow.Target part has wider flange and middle end face, corresponding arranges four support fixed links 6 and two the first air-flow division boards 7 on the base for supporting 4 of fixed cell, profile and the External Shape of the first air-flow division board 7 match, part lower surface can be fitted in, can support this part, four support fixed links 6 are fixed part by the mode of electromagnetic adsorption.First air-flow division board 7 and the mating reaction of support fixed link 6, well can fix part.
As shown in Figure 3, hot gas flow closed cell have two profiles and part upper surface to match in both sides, front and back the second air-flow division board 8, two the second air-flow division boards 8 can vertically be fastened on the upper surface of target part, and left side is hot gas flow export pipeline 9, and right side is hot gas flow entrance pipe 10.Wherein, hot gas flow entrance pipe axial location higher than hot gas flow export pipeline axis, thus makes heat exchange between hot gas flow and part more abundant.This hot gas flow closed cell operationally, its upper surface, left and right end face (being separately installed with air stream outlet pipeline 9 and air flow inlet pipeline 10) and former and later two the second air-flow division boards 8 form enclosed space jointly with heat-punch member fixed cell, the section of high plastic zone 2 is positioned at this enclosed space, this space can only enter from air flow inlet pipeline 10 for hot gas flow, and in this space, perform the carbon partition process of the section to high plastic zone 2, make residual austenite stabilization in this section of target part, stablize at service temperatures with martensite and deposit.
In the present invention, in method, principle of work is as follows: heat-punch member is first through incomplete quench, and then through the inventive method process, and part, can generating portion martensitic transformation (also can nubbin austenite) first after incomplete quench.Complicated service condition can be met to make part, need some section of part that complete martensitic transformation occurs thus obtain high strength, some section then can obtain higher plasticity, therefore, adopt the inventive method, adopt cold air stream to process to intensity region, make the austenite of its internal residual change martensite into further, thus can intensity be improved; Relative, adopt hot gas flow to process to high plastic zone, utilize carbon partition to make remaining stabilization of austenite, stablize at service temperatures with martensite and deposit, thus its plasticity can be improved.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that in the embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange simultaneously of hot and cold air-flow realizes strong plasticity difference distribution, and as seen from the figure, target part 11 is fixed on heat-punch member fixed cell, target part 11 be hot press-formed after and the part of incomplete quench to 270 DEG C.
Process target part 11 being performed to the inventive method process is:
Hot press-formed target part 11 will be carried out and be transferred to rapidly heat-punch member fixed cell.Make rapidly hot gas flow closed cell and heat-punch member fixed cell close afterwards, the first air-flow division board 7 and the second air-flow division board 8 simultaneously engagement pressure stay in part upper and lower surface, define a space supplying hot gas flow accommodating.The section of the high plastic zone 2 mediated is in this enclosed space, the hot gas flow 13 passing into 350 DEG C to this enclosed space by air flow inlet pipeline 10 carries out heating and thermal insulation, uses first cold air stream 12 of 25 DEG C to cool fast to the first high intensity region 1 of both sides and the second high intensity region 3.Gas velocity is 10m/s-50m/s, and the heat-exchange time between air-flow and part is 100s.
After pending, remove hot gas flow closed cell, use the second cold air stream 14 pairs of parts of 25 DEG C to carry out entirety cooling, in 3s ~ 10s, part is cooled to room temperature, as shown in Figure 5, Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of heat-punch member overall cooling under cold air stream in the embodiment of the present invention.
Treat that target part 11 is cooled to room temperature, Performance Detection is carried out to it, find: the first high intensity region 1 and the second high intensity region 3 tensile strength 1500MPa of both sides, unit elongation 6%; Middle high plastic zone 2 tensile strength 1350MPa, unit elongation 13%.All meet this part 11 to be on active service performance requriements.
Fig. 6 changes heat treated schematic diagram to two heat-punch members in the embodiment of the present invention simultaneously.As seen from the figure, by increasing gas reheater 19, and the hot gas flow of hot gas flow recovery outlet 21 being reclaimed, can realize carrying out heat exchange process to multiple heat-punch member simultaneously, thus enhancing productivity and energy utilization rate.Hot gas flow is also delivered to the first heat exchange station 17 through a hot gas flow entrance 16 by heating and pressurizing device 15 heated air, carries out heating and thermal insulation to the heat-punch member of this station.The air-flow flowed out from the first heat exchange station 17 is entered gas reheater 19 by gas, enters the second heat exchange station 20, carry out heating and thermal insulation to another heat-punch member of this station after second-heating.Finally reclaim outlet 21 effluent air to the hot gas flow of the second heat exchange station to reclaim, be transmitted back to heating and pressurizing device 15 more afterwards.In this figure, 18 is heating power supply, and this heating power supply is used for reheating gas reheater 19.
Similar, also on the device shown in Fig. 6, can be expanded to and be there is three and above station system, for carrying out heat exchange process to the target part 11 of three and above quantity simultaneously.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. heat-punch member obtains a method for strong plasticity energy differentiation distribution, it is characterized in that, adopts cold air stream and hot gas flow to act on intensity enhancing district and the plasticity enhancement region of quenching part respectively,
The effect of described hot gas flow carries out within the scope of partition temperature He in partition time range, the partition temperature scope of described hot gas flow effect is 200 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C, described partition time range is 10s ~ 600s, to make carbon bulk diffusion to residual austenite by martensite, thus make residual austenite stabilization in quenching part, and then plasticity enhancement region is made to be martensite and residual austenite mixed structure within the scope of use temperature;
Described cold air stream is used for making residual austenite in quenching part continue to change martensite into, makes intensity enhancing district for martensitic stucture within the scope of use temperature, and described cold air stream refers to that temperature is lower than the air-flow of 25 DEG C;
Described quenching part refer to hot press-formed after stop through incomplete quench process at temperature in quenching part.
2. a kind of heat-punch member as claimed in claim 1 obtains the method for strong plasticity energy differentiation distribution, and it is characterized in that, the medium of described hot gas flow or described cold air stream is preferably air.
3. a kind of heat-punch member as claimed in claim 1 obtains the method for strong plasticity energy differentiation distribution, it is characterized in that, after the effect that cold air stream or hot gas flow terminate at quenching part, employing temperature carries out cooling process lower than the air-flow of 25 DEG C to whole part.
4. one kind realizes the device of method as described in one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, comprise heat-punch member fixed cell and hot gas flow closed cell, described heat-punch member fixed cell and hot gas flow closed cell comprise the first air-flow division board (7) and the second air-flow division board (8) respectively, described first air-flow division board (7) and the second air-flow division board (8) match with described quenching part profile respectively, described quenching part can be fixed respectively and can be formed for the accommodating enclosed space of hot gas flow with described quenching part.
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| US6174389B1 (en) * | 1999-08-17 | 2001-01-16 | Caterpillar Inc. | Fixture and method for selectively quenching a predetermined area of a workpiece |
| WO2003046230A1 (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2003-06-05 | Kikuchi Co., Ltd. | Press molding and its high frequency quenching method and its high frequency quenching system |
| CN201553762U (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2010-08-18 | 山东大学 | Heat treatment splicing device used before ultra-high strength steel plate pressing |
| DE102010027554A1 (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2012-01-19 | Thyssenkrupp Umformtechnik Gmbh | Forming tool and method for hot forming and partial press hardening of a work piece made of sheet steel |
| JP5197859B1 (en) * | 2012-02-23 | 2013-05-15 | 株式会社ワイエイシイデンコー | Heat treatment method for steel sheet for hot pressing |
| CN103028645A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-04-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hot stamping forming method for variable strength distribution strong-strength steel plate part |
| CN103785734B (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2016-05-11 | 无锡红弦汽车轻量化科技有限公司 | Pressure process for cooling and the mould hydraulic means of hot forming steel pipe segmentation strengthening class part |
| CN104438533B (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2016-06-29 | 东莞市豪斯特热冲压技术有限公司 | High-strength steel hot forming intelligent flexible production method |
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