CN104917418B - A kind of accumulation energy type MMC current transformers of use battery current independent control - Google Patents
A kind of accumulation energy type MMC current transformers of use battery current independent control Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of accumulation energy type MMC current transformers of use battery current independent control, belongs to energy accumulation current converter and control field.Accumulation energy type MMC current transformers use battery current method for independently controlling, and the final modulating wave of each submodule is obtained by changing each component size in modulating wave.Submodule modulating wave is synthesized by three components, respectively the battery charging and discharging power of control submodule, output dc power, output AC power.Accumulation energy type MMC current transformer of the present invention to use battery current independent control by changing the size of each component of submodule modulating wave, realizes the independent control of battery current, improves battery utilization rate and service life as object.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to energy accumulation current converter and control field, more particularly to a kind of energy storage of use battery current independent control
Type MMC current transformers.
Background technology
With the development of intelligent grid, a large amount of regenerative resources are connected to the grid, and wind energy and solar energy etc. are renewable
Energy capacity is small, disperses away from customer center, position, and is distributed mainly on the remote border areas of China, therefore, in the urgent need to
Flexibly, electrically, D.C. high voltage transmission (HVDC) arises economic, environmental protection transmission ＆ distribution.Modular multi-level converter (MMC)
It has been widely used as the core apparatus of D.C. high voltage transmission.MMC is constituted per by two bridge arms and inductance up and down, each
Bridge arm is in series by several submodules again, and this circuit structure can use the relatively low device for power switching of stress levels,
To realize higher combined-voltage grade.Simultaneously as output level number is more, equivalent switching frequency is high, and output current is humorous
Ripple content can be greatly reduced.MMC, which is existed concurrently with, very big application prospect in the occasion of AC network and direct current network.By
In the randomness and unstability of regenerative resource, the energy storage device of certain capacity is commonly incorporated into AC network or direct current network
The power swing that regenerative resource access power network is brought is stabilized to reach, power supply reliability is improved, improves the mesh of the quality of power supply
's.The energy-storage system of additional designs will increase the construction cost of HVDC transmission systems.If the submodule direct current in traditional MMC
Lateral capacitance is substituted for energy-storage battery, constitutes accumulation energy type MMC current transformers, HVDC transmission systems is being added without other power electronics dresses
Energy storage capacity is obtained in the case of putting, extra energy-storage system cost is saved, controlled while energy-storage system control and DC/AC are converted
System is integrated, it is easy to accomplish total tune is controlled.
Traditional battery energy storage form includes centralized energy storage and distributed energy storage, and both energy storage modes are required for will be big
The A-battery connection in series-parallel of amount forms array.Due to the otherness between battery cell, the performance of array depends on battle array
The worst cell of performance in row, is formed " wooden pail effect ".Therefore, need in this case the uniformity of cell compared with
Height, directly increases battery production cost.For problem above, cell serial number is reduced as far as possible, cell flexible is realized
Turn into the key technology studied at present in groups.A-battery group is combined composition with corresponding power converter in the application patent
Battery module, multimode is by cascade form accumulation energy type MMC systems in series, and incoming transport power network is that is, soft by energy storage device
Property group technology is combined with MMC.Battery voltage grade and capacitance grade required for this technology is than traditional stored energy form
Low, required series-parallel cell quantity is few, reduces the requirement to cell uniformity, directly reduces battery life
Produce cost.
Battery has the complicated, physical characteristic of time-varying in itself.It is charged between battery pack due to the otherness between cell
State (SOC) can not possibly be just the same, if to the groups of battery of connecting with unified current charge-discharge electricity, to avoid SOC greatly
Cross and put during the battery discharge that battery is overcharged when charging or SOC is small, unified charging and discharging currents are set on the basis of the worst battery of performance
Meter, is also possible to cut off submodule when inconsistency is serious, not only reduces the stability of system, while reducing energy-storage battery
Utilization rate, compromise battery.Therefore, according to the charge and discharge of each A-battery group of accumulation energy type MMC systems in the present invention
The difference of the quantity of state such as electric demand and battery SOC, realizes and the separate current of each battery pack is controlled, each battery module is worked
In optimum state, the utilization rate of energy-storage battery is improved, extends battery.
The content of the invention
The problem of being restricted for battery utilization rate present in battery energy storage system and life-span by cell otherness, this
The purpose of invention is to provide a kind of accumulation energy type MMC current transformers of use battery current independent control, by accumulation energy type MMC unsteady flows
The modulating wave for changing each submodule in device carrys out the charging and discharging currents of independent control energy-storage battery, to improve the utilization rate of battery and make
Use the life-span.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
Accumulation energy type MMC current transformers in the present invention are every to be mutually divided into bridge arm and lower bridge arm per mutually containing 2N submodule, often
Individual bridge arm has N number of submodule with energy-storage battery and an inductance.Three-phase MMC battery energy storage systems contain common DC bus,
Direct current network can be connected, AC can connect three-phase alternating current power network, can also connect AC load.Each submodule is by one and half
Bridge module, a Support Capacitor and an energy-storage battery group composition.The output voltage of each submodule is 0V or cell voltage.
For the energy-storage battery in every 2N submodule of phase, each battery pack can be obtained by battery management system (BMS)
The quantity of state such as SOC, and the optimal charging and discharging currents set-point of each battery pack can be obtained accordingly and be independently controlled, for example, made
Battery pack charging rate big SOC slows down or the velocity of discharge is increased, and battery pack charging rate small SOC accelerates or the velocity of discharge subtracts
Slowly.
For three-phase accumulation energy type MMC current transformers, AC uses widely used Feedforward Decoupling vector controlled, by given
Active power and reactive power can obtain the Sine Modulated wave component of A, B, C three-phase output voltage.Each submodule passes through
This signal produces sinusoidal voltage component, exports AC power.
Three-phase accumulation energy type MMC current transformers are all loaded with a DC voltage due to containing dc bus per phase two ends, thus
Each submodule will export certain DC voltage.DC voltage DC offset in modulating wave is produced, direct current offset
The given of amount is determined by DC bus-bar voltage and number of modules.
Each submodule modulating wave generation module needs to add four signals：The optimal charging and discharging currents set-point of battery pack,
Battery current gives average value, DC offset, sinusoidal modulation wave signal.Wherein battery pack current set-point determines battery pack
The size of charging and discharging currents；DC offset determines that submodule exports dc power size；Sinusoidal modulation wave signal deciding
Submodule exports AC power size.It is the flat of the optimal charging and discharging currents set-point of all battery packs that battery current, which gives average value,
Average, it plays DC reference value.The final modulating wave of each submodule is obtained by following several steps：
(1) the optimal charging and discharging currents set-point of battery pack carries out closed-loop control with actual battery current dc component, and it is missed
Difference obtains modulating wave component 1 through PI regulations；
(2) battery pack current set-point and battery current are given into average value and obtains a ratio value as business, by this ratio
Value is multiplied by original DC offset in MMC systems and obtains modulating wave component 2；
(3) each mutually total output voltage set-point is obtained after the regulation of vector controlled closed loop, is evenly distributed to after each module and obtains
To the sinusoidal modulation wave signal of each module, modulating wave component 3 is obtained multiplied by with above-mentioned ratio value；
(4) for the submodule of upper bridge arm, final modulating wave is equal to modulation wave component 1, component 2, component 3 sum；For
Lower bridge arm submodule, final modulating wave is equal to modulation wave component 1 and subtracts modulation wave component 2, component 3 sum.
Further, the accumulation energy type MMC current transformers are every to be mutually divided into bridge arm and lower bridge per mutually containing 2N submodule
Arm, each bridge arm has N number of submodule with energy-storage battery and an inductance.
Further, each submodule is made up of a half-bridge module, a Support Capacitor and an energy-storage battery group.
Further, the accumulation energy type MMC current transformers contain common DC bus, can connect direct current network, and AC can
To connect three-phase alternating current power network, AC load can also be connect.
The present invention is using shifting modulation technology (CPS-SPWM).The basic thought of phase-shifting carrier wave modulation method is n string
The inverter unit of connection uses the SPWM modulator approaches of low switching frequency, with identical frequency modulation(PFM) than k and identical width
Spend modulation ratio m, and the phase of the triangular carrier of each inverter unit differ successively 360 °/(nk), modulated using SPWM
Addition of waveforms structure in waveform generating mode and multiple technology produces phase-shifted SPWM waveform.For n sub- module levels
The current transformer of connection, its output voltage is up to (2n+1) individual level.In the present invention, each submodule is given birth to using the above method
Into respective modulating wave, modulating wave determines AC power, dc power and the power of battery of submodule output.It is individual per phase 2N
Triangular carrier frequency that submodule is used is consistent, and amplitude is consistent, simply differed successively in phase 360 °/(2Nk).
The final modulating wave of each submodule is sent into phase-shifting carrier wave modulation module, compared with respective triangular carrier, can be with
The pwm pulse of each submodule power switch is obtained, the battery current independent control of accumulation energy type MMC systems is achieved in.
The present invention compared to the prior art, with advantages below and effect：The present invention using accumulation energy type MMC current transformers as pair
As, the purpose of each submodule battery charging and discharging electric current of independent control is reached by changing each component in submodule modulating wave, can be with
Battery utilization rate and service life are improved, reduction is to battery with two side terminals requirement and battery production cost.According to accumulation energy type MMC systems
The difference of the quantity of states such as the charge-discharge power demand and battery SOC of each A-battery group of uniting, realizes the separate current control to each battery pack
System, makes each battery module be operated in optimum state, improves the utilization rate of energy-storage battery, extends battery.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is every three-phase accumulation energy type MMC converter topologies being made up of 2N submodule in example.
Fig. 2 is the circuit topology of single submodule in example.
Fig. 3 is submodule modulating wave synthesis block diagram under battery current independent control of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the present invention is described in further detail by embodiment, following examples are to this hair
Bright explanation and the invention is not limited in following examples.
Below on the basis of the technical scheme of the content of the invention, a preferred embodiment is provided.
If Fig. 1 is that every phase has the three-phase accumulation energy type of 2N submodule grid-connected MMC topologys, it on the basis of traditional MMC plus
Enter energy-storage battery.Topology per being mutually divided into bridge arm and lower bridge arm, each bridge arm have submodule of N number of identical with energy-storage battery and
One inductance.The grid-connected MMC of three-phase accumulation energy type possesses common DC bus, can connect direct current network, while AC connects three-phase
AC network.Fig. 2 is the circuit topology of single submodule, each submodule by a half-bridge circuit, Support Capacitor, one
Energy-storage battery group is constituted.
Battery pack, which can charge, in accumulation energy type MMC to discharge, and submodule has input and excision two states, and this is all by work(
The action of rate switching tube is determined.Accumulation energy type MMC in the present invention uses semi-bridge type submodule, and submodule can export 0V or Vb two
Level is planted, wherein Vb is energy-storage battery voltage.Due to the particularity of energy storage MMC structures, it can connect AC network, provide again
Dc bus is to access dc source, while energy-storage battery is as another dc source, therefore whole energy storage MMC systems is active
Power can be divided into three parts：Dc power P on dc busdc, energy-storage battery discharge and recharge power Pbattery, AC network
The power P for absorbing or producingac.The energy of whole system is changed between this three.
Because the grid-connected MMC of three-phase accumulation energy type is per mutually use identical submodule and inductance, therefore three-phase symmetrical.By taking A phases as an example,
Assuming that DC bus-bar voltage Vdc, the DC current of upper bridge arm is IUdc, the DC current of lower bridge arm is IDdc, the alternating current of upper bridge arm
Flow for IUac, lower bridge arm alternating current is IDac.The DC component of submodule output voltage is USdc, the fundamental wave of AC compounent is effective
It is worth for USac.Contain AC harmonic component and DC component in battery charging and discharging electric current, it is assumed that the direct current of battery charging and discharging electric current point
Measure as IBdc, cell voltage is VBat.Emulation and analysis can be obtained (ideally)：
IDdc=IUdc
IUac=IDac
USdc·IUdc=USac·IUac+IBdc·VBat
USdc·IDdc=USac·IDac+IBdc·VBat
Have
Pdc=Pac+Pbattery
Because the electric current of each submodule of same bridge arm is equal, in the case of battery voltage balanced, if equal proportion change
Become USacAnd USdc, correspondingly, battery charging and discharging electric current also changes equal proportion.
Change the fundamental voltage amplitude U of submodule output voltage AC compounentSacWith DC component USdcCan be by adjusting each son
The modulation wave component of module is realized.Traditional phase-shifting carrier wave modulation system is produced with symmetrical triangular carrier and sine wave up and down
Raw pwm pulse, and in the present invention, triangular carrier negative peak is set to zero, it is inclined by adding a direct current to sinusoidal modulation wave
Shifting amount Vbias, you can change the DC component size of submodule output voltage.As DC offset VbiasWhen big, USdcAlso it is big；Instead
It, then it is small.Meanwhile, change sinusoidal modulation wave VsinAmplitude size, you can change submodule output voltage AC compounent USac's
Size, sinusoidal modulation wave VsinAmplitude it is bigger when, USacAlso it is bigger.By setting a charge and discharge to each submodule energy-storage battery
Electric given value of current valueWillWith actual battery charging and discharging current dc component IBdcDifference obtained after PI is adjusted
Modulating wave compensation rate VΔbar-i, it is added to VsinAnd VbiasOn, form the final modulating wave V of submoduleref, that is, have
Vref=Vsin+Vbias+VΔbat-i
MMC is divided to two bridge arms for above and below, and the general principle that it produces sine output voltage is by two bridges above and below change
The voltage of arm, voltage difference is formed in two bridge arm junctions.If mid-point voltage is Vuo, upper bridge arm voltage is Vun, lower bridge arm voltage is
Vup, then
Traditional shifting modulation technology is to allow all submodules all to use same sinusoidal modulation wave.But in MMC
In, due to the binding site with AC network in the middle of two bridge arms, it is necessary to make the sinusoidal modulation wave and upper bridge arm of lower bridge arm reverse.
In the present invention, sinusoidal modulation wave VsinClosed-loop control alternating current and AC power are obtained in Feedforward Decoupling vector controlled, direct current
Offset VbiasDetermined according to DC bus-bar voltage and module number.Take being averaged for the optimal charging and discharging currents set-point of each battery pack
ValueOn the basis of be worth, then, for upper bridge arm
For lower bridge arm
This example uses shifting modulation technology (CPS-SPWM).Each submodule modulating wave is illustrated in figure 3 to close
Into block diagram, final submodule modulating wave needs four signal generations：Each battery pack current set-point, battery current are given average
Value, DC offset, sinusoidal modulation wave signal.Wherein battery pack current set-point determines the big of battery set charge/discharge electric current
Small, DC offset determines that submodule exports dc power size, the output exchange of sinusoidal modulation wave signal deciding submodule
Watt level.
For the submodule of upper and lower bridge arm, final submodule modulating wave is obtained according to both the above equation respectively.
The final modulating wave of each submodule is sent into phase-shifting carrier wave modulation module, compared with respective triangular carrier, can be with
The pwm pulse of each submodule power switch is obtained, so as to realize the battery current independent control of accumulation energy type MMC systems.
Above content described in this specification is only illustration made for the present invention.Technology belonging to of the invention
The technical staff in field can make various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or use similar mode
Substitute, content without departing from description of the invention or surmount scope defined in the claims, this all should be belonged to
The protection domain of invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of accumulation energy type MMC current transformers of use battery current independent control, it is characterised in that：Described accumulation energy type MMC becomes
Flow device and use battery current method for independently controlling, the tune of each submodule finally is obtained by changing each component size in modulating wave
Ripple processed, the battery current method for independently controlling Neutron module modulating wave generation module needs to add four signals：Each battery pack
Optimal charging and discharging currents set-point, battery current give average value, DC offset, sinusoidal modulation wave, and each submodule is most
Whole modulating wave is obtained by following several steps：
The optimal charging and discharging currents set-point of step (1) battery pack carries out closed-loop control with actual battery current dc component, and it is missed
Difference obtains modulating wave component 1 through PI regulations；
Battery pack current set-point and battery current are given average value and obtain a ratio value as business by step (2), by this ratio
Value is multiplied by original DC offset in MMC systems and obtains modulating wave component 2；
Step (3) obtains each mutually total output voltage set-point after the regulation of vector controlled closed loop, is evenly distributed to after each module and obtains
To the sinusoidal modulation wave signal of each module, modulating wave component 3 is obtained multiplied by with above-mentioned ratio value；
Step (4) is for the submodule of upper bridge arm, and final modulating wave, which is equal to, modulates wave component 1, component 2, component 3 sum；For
Lower bridge arm submodule, final modulating wave is equal to modulation wave component 1 and subtracts modulation wave component 2, component 3 sum.
2. a kind of accumulation energy type MMC current transformers of use battery current independent control according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：The accumulation energy type MMC current transformers are per mutually containing 2N submodule, per bridge arm and lower bridge arm is mutually divided into, each bridge arm has N number of
Submodule with energy-storage battery and an inductance.
3. a kind of accumulation energy type MMC current transformers of use battery current independent control according to claim 2, its feature exists
In：Each submodule is made up of a half-bridge module, a Support Capacitor and an energy-storage battery group.
4. a kind of accumulation energy type MMC current transformers of use battery current independent control according to claim 2, its feature exists
In：The accumulation energy type MMC current transformers contain common DC bus, can connect direct current network, and AC can connect three-phase alternating current
Power network, can also connect AC load.
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| CN105429177B (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2019-03-12 | 国网青海省电力公司 | A kind of Modular photovoltaic energy-storage system |
| CN107768701A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-03-06 | 大连融科储能技术发展有限公司 | A kind of extensive flow battery energy storage device |
| CN106357141B (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-06-26 | 国网青海省电力公司经济技术研究院 | A kind of brownout operation method of the HVDC systems based on mixed type MMC |
| CN107039991A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-11 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of light storage off-network independent power supply device and method based on MMC topologys |
| CN107394818B (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2021-05-18 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Energy storage battery grid-connected operation control method and device based on energy storage converter |
| CN108667104B (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2023-08-25 | 三峡大学 | Alternating current-direct current charging and active equalization circuit of lithium battery pack |
| CN109849736B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-23 | 山东大学 | Charging system and method of hybrid electric vehicle comprehensive transformation system and electric vehicle |
| CN110341728B (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2024-01-26 | 西南交通大学 | Electrified railway through-type traction power supply system |
| CN113489032B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2023-05-30 | 南方电网调峰调频发电有限公司 | Battery energy storage circuit and battery energy storage system |
| CN113489159B (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2023-05-30 | 南方电网调峰调频发电有限公司 | Battery energy storage system, control method, control device, computer equipment and storage medium |
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