CN104914006B - A kind of experimental provision and experimental method for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo - Google Patents
A kind of experimental provision and experimental method for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo Download PDFInfo
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- CN104914006B CN104914006B CN201510267325.0A CN201510267325A CN104914006B CN 104914006 B CN104914006 B CN 104914006B CN 201510267325 A CN201510267325 A CN 201510267325A CN 104914006 B CN104914006 B CN 104914006B
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- barricade
- lucite
- silo
- bulk solid
- main body
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Abstract
The present invention disclose a kind of experimental provision for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo, with supporting mechanism, is arranged on the silo main body on supporting mechanism, and for the organization of supply to silo main body supply bulk solid；Silo main body is by positioned at front and rear positive lucite barricade and rear lucite barricade, left plate and right plate positioned at both sides, the shedding mechanism positioned at bottom are constituted；Positive lucite barricade is provided with graduation mark I, and rear lucite barricade is provided with the foil gauge for being used for monitoring that each point pressure changes on lucite barricade in bulk solid flow process, and positive lucite barricade and rear lucite barricade are transparent plexiglass plate.Intuitive and convenient the flowing law of granular media in silo can be studied, to avoid on-the-spot test from being restricted by conditions such as place, equipment and personal securities, cause the inaccurate phenomenon of measurement data to occur.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the testing field of underground mining ore drawing and the bulk solid flowing law of silo loading and unloading technique, specifically
It is related to a kind of indoor experimental apparatus and side for moving belt scope and testing pressure on side wall in silo bulk solid flow process
Method.
Background technology
In the last few years, constantly developed with the storage transport service of bulk cargo towards quick, quantitative, accurate direction, storehouse cylinder and
Hopper has been widely used for the industries such as metallurgy, chemical industry, coal, grain.Problems are have also discovered in use, for example
Blocking of the particle to discharge port, the abrasion to bulkhead and rupture etc..In order to study problem above, it is necessary to understand the flowing of bulk cargo
Characteristic.Have because its mobility status will be complicated than liquid and solid, therefore to its deep Learning Studies to practical application
Significance.
During actual silo discharging, the flow pattern of material is simple a kind of or several mixing, is difficult with traditional theory
Description, in addition, material to the active force of silo and when remaining static is entirely different in motion process, therefore in storehouse
The stress problems of material are sufficiently complex, and its original state, mobility status are different, even if drawing off minimal amount of material,
Pressure on silo wall also increased, even static pressure when 1~2 times.The discharging form of silo is different, pressure on bin wall
The numerical value of increase is also different.The mechanism produced as dynamic pressure, scholars are also that There are many different versions of a story, there is bin stock characteristic changing in early days
Say, dynamic arch is said, can explain some phenomenons, but do not form computational theory.
The research of current silo granular media flowing law mainly utilizes empirical equation, on-the-spot test and three kinds of hands of numerical simulation
Section.But it is substantial amounts of facts have proved that empirical formula method (Janssen formula) differs larger with actual test result, or even some meter
Calculation is runed counter to engineering phenomenon；On-the-spot test by conditions such as place, equipment and personal securities due to being restricted (particularly large-scale
Drop shaft and large silo), it tends to be difficult to execute-in-place is carried out, and also its result has larger discreteness, should not be analyzed
Research；Numerical simulation is utilization means main at this stage, but is due to the coefficient of friction between granule and the borehole wall between granule
It is difficult to determine, therefore its result can only carry out qualitative analysis, it is impossible to it is used as the Main Basiss of design.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of experiment for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo
Device and experimental method, can be studied the flowing law of granular media in silo to intuitive and convenient, with avoid on-the-spot test by
The restriction of the conditions such as place, equipment and personal security, causes the inaccurate phenomenon of measurement data to occur.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of experimental provision for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo, with supporting mechanism, is arranged on support
Silo main body in mechanism, and for supplying the organization of supply of bulk solid to silo main body；The silo main body is by positioned at front and rear
Positive lucite barricade and rear lucite barricade, left plate and right plate positioned at both sides, the shedding mechanism positioned at bottom
Composition；The positive lucite barricade is provided with graduation mark I, and the rear lucite barricade is provided with to be flowed over for monitoring bulk solid
The foil gauge that each point pressure changes on lucite barricade in journey, the positive lucite barricade and rear lucite barricade
It is transparent plexiglass plate.
It is described it is a kind of be used to measuring the experimental provision of bulk solid flowing law in the silo, the supporting mechanism includes table
Face, with the table leg of supporting desktop, set is used for the triangle for supporting positive lucite barricade and rear lucite barricade on the table
Be provided with leak on supporting plate, desktop, shedding mechanism includes symmetrical two bottom plate, two bottom plates respectively with left plate and right side
Plate is slidably matched, and the shedding mechanism is corresponding with leak, the length and the length at leak edge to desktop edge of the bottom plate
It is identical.
It is described a kind of to be used to measuring relative with leak below the experimental provision of bulk solid flowing law in the silo, desktop
The position answered is switched provided with leak, and the leak switch is drawing and pulling type construction of switch, and the desktop is provided with scale along bottom plate direction
Line II.
It is described it is a kind of be used to measuring the experimental provision of bulk solid flowing law in the silo, the feeding machanism, which has, to be passed
Band is sent, transmission belt is divided into is used for the lift portion for reclaiming bulk solid below shedding mechanism, and the bulk solid of lift portion is turned
It is sent to the transhipment part of horizontal level, and for by the horizontal transport part of bulk solid horizontal transport to silo main body.
It is described it is a kind of be used to measuring the experimental provision of bulk solid flowing law in the silo, the feeding machanism also includes
Uniform filler device, the uniform filler device includes the inclination buffering flat plates positioned at silo body top, tilts buffering flat plates
Top be provided with arc-shaped guide rail, tilt buffering flat plates both sides be provided with limiting plate, tilt buffering flat plates top be provided with rotational circle
Cylinder, the top of the rotor is receives the fixing end of bulk solid, and the bottom of rotor is the mobile terminal of output bulk solid,
The bottom of rotor is equipped with the sliding block of adjustable speed, and the sliding block is flexibly connected with the arc-shaped guide rail.
It is described it is a kind of be used to measuring the experimental provision of bulk solid flowing law in the silo, the inclination buffering flat plates
Width is identical with the width of lucite barricade.
It is described a kind of to be used to measuring the experimental provision of bulk solid flowing law in the silo, the left plate and right plate
The both sides of madial wall be respectively provided with the cutting groove I for installing positive lucite barricade and rear lucite barricade.
It is described it is a kind of be used to measuring the experimental provision of bulk solid flowing law in the silo, the adjacent graduation mark I
Spacing is 50mm, and the spacing of adjacent foil gauge is 90mm.
It is described a kind of to be used to measuring the experimental provision of bulk solid flowing law in the silo, the top of the silo main body
Provided with funnel.
A kind of test method for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo, comprises the following steps：
1) leak switch is closed to block the leak of desktop；
2) initial charge, feeds to certain altitude, it is ensured that silo body top occurs whole in bulk solid flow process manually
Body flows；
3) foil gauge is connected, starts the pressure change on lucite barricade after monitoring；
4) feeding machanism is started, the shedding mechanism for opening silo bottom part body starts discharging, and the bulk solid of outflow is by supplying
Material mechanism is transmitted back in silo main body, realizes circulation；
5) stabilization to be recycled, draws the bulk solid moving belt scope in discharge process on positive lucite barricade.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, a kind of experimental provision for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo of the present invention, including three parts, respectively
For supporting mechanism, silo main body and feeding machanism, three parts can be freely separating and come, assembling easy to disassemble, carry and repair,
Meet experiment needs.The positive lucite barricade and rear lucite barricade of silo main body are transparent plexiglass plate, are easy to
The flow regime of silo body interior bulk solid is observed, while shot can be described according to the graduation mark I of positive lucite barricade
Bulk solid moving belt scope in body flow process, according to the foil gauge of rear lucite barricade, monitors bulk solid flow process
In after on lucite barricade each point pressure situation of change.The device can draw moving belt in bulk solid flow process
Scope；Real-time testing can be carried out by each measuring point pressure to the barrel of silo main body in whole process；It is easy to silo
The measurement and research of middle bulk solid flowing law, while doing barricade with transparent plexiglass plate, closely can be apparent from ground
The flowing of bulk solid is observed, simultaneously because there is the presence of graduation mark, can more be understood with experiment effect.
2nd, shedding mechanism includes symmetrical two bottom plate, and two bottom plates are slidably matched with left plate and right plate, unloaded respectively
Expect that mechanism 4 is corresponding with leak, the length of bottom plate is identical with the length at leak edge to desktop edge, thus it is possible to vary silo bottom
Bulk solid flowing law under the size of discharge port in shedding mechanism, convenient test different experimental conditions.
3rd, feeding machanism has conveyer belt, and transmission belt is divided into is used for the lifting parts for reclaiming bulk solid below shedding mechanism
Point, the bulk solid of lift portion is transferred to the transhipment part of horizontal level, and for by bulk solid horizontal transport to silo master
The horizontal transport part of body.The feeding machanism realizes the automation of whole loading and unloading process, improves the efficiency and effect of experiment
Really.
4th, the uniform filler device in feeding machanism makes charging process realize overall uniform charging, and feed rate is adjustable
Purpose.Sliding block is at the uniform velocity moved back and forth on arc-shaped guide rail, and translational speed can be adjusted, and realizes charging process above silo main body
Left and right is uniform.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 for the present invention it is a kind of be used for measure bulk solid in the silo the experimental provision of flowing law front view structure signal
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the overlooking the structure diagram of experimental provision shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the main structure diagram of silo mechanism in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the left view structural representation of silo mechanism in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the graduation mark on lucite barricade in silo mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the foil gauge on lucite barricade in silo mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the main structure diagram of supporting mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the present invention looks up structural representation of supporting mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is general assembly structural representation of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the structural representation of feeding machanism of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the main structure diagram of uniform filler device in feeding machanism.
Figure 12 is the left view structural representation of uniform filler device in feeding machanism.
Wherein, 1- silos main body, 2- supporting mechanisms, 3- feeding machanisms, 4- shedding mechanisms, 5- funnels, the positive lucite of 6-
Barricade, 7- right plates, 8- cutting grooves II, 9- cutting grooves I, 10- graduation marks I, 11- foil gauges, 12- gusseted plates, 13- tables
Leg, 14- desktops, 15- leak, 16- leak switch, 17- graduation marks II, 18- conveyer belts, the uniform filler devices of 19-, 20- liftings
Part, 21- transhipment parts, 22- horizontal transports part, 23- rotors, 24- arc-shaped guide rails, 25- sliding blocks, 26- tilts buffering
Flat board, 27- limiting plates, 28- fixing ends, 29- mobile terminals.
Embodiment
A kind of experimental provision for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo as shown in the figure, with supporting mechanism 2, if
The silo main body 1 on supporting mechanism 2 is put, and for supplying the organization of supply 3 of bulk solid to silo main body 1；Silo main body 1,
Supporting mechanism 2 and the part of organization of supply 3 three can be freely separating and come.Silo main body 1 is by positioned at front and rear just organic glass
Glass barricade 6 and rear lucite barricade, left plate and right plate 7 positioned at both sides, the shedding mechanism 4 positioned at bottom are constituted, left
The both sides of the madial wall of side plate and right plate 7, which are respectively provided with, installs positive lucite barricade 6 and rear lucite barricade
Cutting groove I 9, shedding mechanism 4 includes symmetrical two bottom plate, and two bottom plates are slidably matched with left plate and right plate 7 respectively, left
The lower section of side plate and right plate 7 is provided with cutting groove II 8, and the width of cutting groove II 8 and the width of bottom plate match, bottom plate and cutting
Groove II 8 coordinates to be slidably connected with left plate/right plate 7.Positive lucite barricade 6 is provided with graduation mark I 10, rear lucite barricade
Provided with for monitoring the foil gauge 11 that each point pressure changes on lucite barricade in bulk solid flow process, adjacent scale
The spacing of line I 10 is 50mm, and the spacing of adjacent foil gauge 11 is 90mm, and positive lucite barricade 6 and rear lucite barricade are equal
For transparent plexiglass plate.The top of silo main body 1 is provided with funnel 5.
Supporting mechanism 2 includes desktop 14, and with the table leg 13 of supporting desktop 14, being arranged on desktop 14 is used to support just organic
Leak 15 is provided with the gusseted plate 12 of glass barricade 6 and rear lucite barricade, desktop 14, the bottom of silo main body 1
Shedding mechanism 4 is corresponding with leak 15, it is preferable that for convenience of discharge port size is set, floor length is arrived with desktop leak edge
The distance on desktop border is suitable.The lower section of desktop 14 position corresponding with leak 15 is provided with leak switch 16, leak switch 16
One leak switching device based on drawer principle, desktop 14 is provided with graduation mark II 17 along bottom plate direction, coordinates silo bottom to unload
Expect the use of bottom plate in mechanism, the change in size of discharge port is realized by adjusting scale value.
Feeding machanism 3 has conveyer belt 18, and 18 points of transmission belt is to be used to reclaim carrying for bulk solid positioned at the lower section of shedding mechanism 4
Ascending part point 20, the bulk solid of lift portion 20 is transferred to the transhipment part 21 of horizontal level, and for bulk solid level to be transported
Transport to the horizontal transport part 22 of silo main body 1.Feeding machanism 3 also includes uniform filler device 19, the uniform filler device
19 include the inclination buffering flat plates 26 positioned at the top of silo main body 1, and the top for tilting buffering flat plates 26 is provided with arc-shaped guide rail 24, inclines
The both sides of oblique buffering flat plates 26 are provided with limiting plate 27, and the top for tilting buffering flat plates 26 is provided with rotor 23, rotor 23
Top to receive the fixing end 28 of bulk solid entrance, the bottom of rotor is the mobile terminal 29 of output bulk solid outlet, rotation
The bottom for turning cylinder 23 is equipped with the sliding block 25 of adjustable speed, and sliding block 25 is flexibly connected with arc-shaped guide rail 24, and mobile terminal 29 is with sliding
Block 25 is fixed together, and is moved with sliding block 25, and sliding block 25 can at the uniform velocity be moved back and forth on arc-shaped slide rail 24, translational speed
It can adjust, to realize that the left and right of charging process is uniform.Tilt the width of buffering flat plates 26 and the width one of lucite barricade
Cause.Assembling is followed the steps below during experiment：First by three parts of silo main body 1, supporting mechanism 2 and organization of supply 3 point
Do not installed；The switch of the leak in supporting mechanism 16 is closed to block the leak 15 of desktop.Silo main body 1 is installed, first installed
Bottom discharge structure 4, the size of discharge port is regulated by graduation mark II 17, then installs remainder, finally assembling feed
Mechanism.
A kind of test method for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo,
Specific operating procedure is as follows：
(1) leak switch 16 is closed to block the leak 15 of desktop；
(2) initial charge, feeds to certain altitude, it is ensured that bulk flow occurs in silo top in granular media flow process manually
It is dynamic, due to needing to reserve the volume of conveyer belt part, so to add some material on this basis more；
(3) foil gauge 11 is connected, starts the pressure change on lucite barricade after monitoring；
(4) feeding machanism 3 is started, the shedding mechanism 4 for opening the bottom of silo main body 1 starts discharging, and the bulk solid of outflow leads to
Cross feeding machanism 3 to be transmitted back in silo main body 1, realize circulation；
(5) open leak switch 16 and start discharging, the granular media of outflow is flowed back in silo 1 by automatic loading and unloading device 3, real
Now circulate；
(6) stabilization to be recycled, draws the bulk solid moving belt scope in discharge process on positive lucite barricade 6.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of experimental provision for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo, it is characterised in that with supporting mechanism
(2) the silo main body (1) on supporting mechanism (2), is arranged on, and for supplying the feeding machanism of bulk solid to silo main body (1)
(3)；The silo main body (1) is by positioned at front and rear positive lucite barricade (6) and rear lucite barricade, the left side positioned at both sides
Side plate and right plate (7), the shedding mechanism (4) positioned at bottom are constituted；The positive lucite barricade (6) is provided with graduation mark I
(10), the rear lucite barricade, which is provided with, is used to monitor in bulk solid flow process each point pressure on lucite barricade
The foil gauge (11) of change, the positive lucite barricade (6) and rear lucite barricade are transparent plexiglass plate；
The feeding machanism (3) has conveyer belt (18), and conveyer belt (18), which is divided into below shedding mechanism (4), to be used to reclaim scattered
The lift portion (20) of plastochondria, the bulk solid of lift portion (20) is transferred to the transhipment part (21) of horizontal level, and is used for
By the horizontal transport part (22) of bulk solid horizontal transport to silo main body (1)；The feeding machanism (3) also includes uniform filler
Device (19), the uniform filler device (19) includes the inclination buffering flat plates (26) positioned at silo main body (1) top, tilts slow
The top for rushing flat board (26) is provided with arc-shaped guide rail (24), and the both sides for tilting buffering flat plates (26) are provided with limiting plate (27), tilts slow
The top for rushing flat board (26) is provided with rotor (23), and the top of the rotor (23) is the fixing end for receiving bulk solid
(28), the bottom of rotor is the mobile terminal (29) of output bulk solid, and the bottom of rotor (23) is equipped with adjustable speed
Sliding block (25), the sliding block (25) is flexibly connected with the arc-shaped guide rail (24).
2. a kind of experimental provision for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the supporting mechanism (2) includes desktop (14), for the table leg (13) of supporting desktop (14), is arranged on desktop (14)
Gusseted plate (12) for supporting positive lucite barricade (6) and rear lucite barricade, desktop is provided with Lou on (14)
Mouth (15), shedding mechanism (4) includes symmetrical two bottom plate, and two bottom plates are slidably matched with left plate and right plate (7) respectively,
The shedding mechanism (4) is corresponding with leak (15), length and leak (15) edge to desktop (14) edge of the bottom plate
Length is identical.
3. a kind of experimental provision for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo according to claim 2, its feature
It is, the position corresponding with leak (15) is provided with leak switch (16) below desktop (14), and the leak switch (16) is to take out
Pull type switch structure, the desktop (14) is provided with graduation mark II (17) along bottom plate direction.
4. a kind of experimental provision for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the width all same of the width for tilting buffering flat plates (26) and positive lucite barricade and rear lucite barricade.
5. a kind of experimental provision for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo according to claim 1, its feature
Be, the both sides of the madial wall of the left plate and right plate (7) be respectively provided with the positive lucite barricade (6) of installation and after
The cutting groove I (9) of lucite barricade.
6. a kind of experimental provision for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the spacing of adjacent graduation mark I (10) is 50mm, and the spacing of adjacent foil gauge (11) is 90mm.
7. a kind of experimental provision for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the top of the silo main body (1) is provided with funnel (5).
8. a kind of test method for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo, using such as any one of claim 1-7 institutes
The experimental provision for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo stated, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) leak switch (16) is closed to block the leak (15) of desktop；
2) initial charge, feeds to certain altitude, it is ensured that bulk flow occurs in silo body top in bulk solid flow process manually
It is dynamic；
3) connection foil gauge (11), starts the pressure change on lucite barricade after monitoring；
4) feeding machanism is started, the shedding mechanism for opening silo bottom part body starts discharging, and the bulk solid of outflow passes through feeding machine
Structure is transmitted back in silo main body (1), realizes circulation；
5) stabilization to be recycled, draws the bulk solid moving belt scope in discharge process on positive lucite barricade (6).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510267325.0A CN104914006B (en) | 2015-05-22 | 2015-05-22 | A kind of experimental provision and experimental method for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510267325.0A CN104914006B (en) | 2015-05-22 | 2015-05-22 | A kind of experimental provision and experimental method for being used to measure bulk solid flowing law in the silo |
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| CN104914006A CN104914006A (en) | 2015-09-16 |
| CN104914006B true CN104914006B (en) | 2017-10-17 |
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| CN107703284A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2018-02-16 | 陕西省兴平市西北工程机械制造有限公司 | A kind of affined concrete collapses the measurement apparatus and method of stream parameter |
| CN107525618B (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2023-09-01 | 国家能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Device and method for measuring acting force of solid particle material on silo |
| CN112461665B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-07-12 | 华北科技学院 | High-precision measurement device and test method for interface pressure distribution of silo test model |
| CN115285537B (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2023-09-01 | 长沙市奇俊机电科技有限公司 | Stock bin experiment system |
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