CN104911356A - Comprehensive recovery technology of solid waste gas ash and zinc-containing ferrovanadium slag - Google Patents

Comprehensive recovery technology of solid waste gas ash and zinc-containing ferrovanadium slag Download PDF

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CN104911356A
CN104911356A CN201410091107.1A CN201410091107A CN104911356A CN 104911356 A CN104911356 A CN 104911356A CN 201410091107 A CN201410091107 A CN 201410091107A CN 104911356 A CN104911356 A CN 104911356A
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kiln
slag
iron
zinc
gas ash
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CN104911356B (en
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郭海军
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BEIJING SHIJINGCHENG NON FERROUS RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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BEIJING SHIJINGCHENG NON FERROUS RESEARCH INSTITUTE
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Abstract

The invention provides a comprehensive recovery technology of solid waste gas ash and zinc-containing ferrovanadium slag. By combining advantages of low iron content and rich carbon of gas ash and characteristics of high iron content and rich precious metals of ferrovanadium slag, and by the adoption of a rotary-kiln fire method fuming enrichment technology, the material undergoes comprehensive recovery. Advanced equipment such as a waste heat boiler, a negative-pressure bag collector, a pneumatic emulsification desulfurization tower and the like are configured to carry out efficient recovery and harmless environmental-protection processing of flue gas so as to achieve the purpose of clean production. By a beneficiation combined method, iron-containing kiln slag undergoes high added-value exploitation. Thus, the environmental protection problem of resource disposition is solved, and the effect of comprehensive utilization with low energy consumption, high yield and high added-value is achieved. Problems of short kiln age, high energy consumption and low concentration of SO2 during the treating process of ferrovanadium slag can be solved by the technology provided by the invention, and problems of poor iron separation effect and overhigh content of fluorine and chlorine in zinc hypoxide also can be solved. The technology has good economic benefit and high popularization and practical value.

Description

A kind of solid waste gas ash, containing zinc-iron vanadium slag comprehensive recycling process
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical process secondary resource recycling field, relate to a kind of employing and clean fire enrich technology from low-grade containing comprehensively recovering valuable metal zinc solid waste slag, and carry out the technological process of harmless treatment, particularly relate to a kind of from gas mud (ash), containing the metallurgical method extracting non-ferrous metal comprehensive zinc-iron vanadium slag.
Technical background
China is the first in the world big steel country, and production capacity accounts for more than 60% of the whole world.Steel industry all can produce a large amount of metallurgical dusts every year, and sinter the solid waste overwhelming majority such as dirt, gravitational dust, converter ash, iron scale, grain slag, slag and effectively reclaimed in iron and steel enterprise and utilized, blast furnace ironmaking gas ash (mud) is because its complicated component is changeable, containing heavy metals such as more lead, zinc, and very easily enrichment and significant damage is caused to blast furnace operation, quality product in removal process, become the great difficult problem of restriction steel industry development all the time.The gas ash (mud) of the annual output of Iron and Steel Enterprises in China about 800 ~ 1,000 ten thousand tons, these solid waste are generally all taked directly outer row to store up, return circulation on a small quantity, are sent cement mill, brick field does the mode of preparing burden and processes, these Disposal Measures not only occupy a large amount of soil, also result in larger resource value waste, easily more serious heavy metal contamination burden is brought to society and environment, run counter to country completely to the policy of renewable resource recycle and wish.
Domestic at present two large classes are mainly contained to gas ash treatment technology: i.e. rotary hearth furnace method and rotary kiln reduction volatilization technique.Rotary hearth furnace method with domestic sunshine iron and steel enterprise for representative (Introduced from Japan Nippon Steel Corp technology), this technology is by blast furnace ironmaking and fume from steel making, iron ore concentrate, carbon dust, binding agent mixed pelletizing, oven dry is placed on rotary hearth furnace, external heat makes Pb, Zn volatilize, collects, and directly can add blast furnace simultaneously and utilize after iron is reduced into metallized pellet.The advantage of this technique is that material component utilization is more reasonable; Shortcoming is also containing higher impurity inside the metal pelletizing after process, and can not individual curing gas ash, facility investment and maintenance cost higher.Then comparatively generally, it makes full use of gas ash and contains remaining carbon high feature rotary kiln reduction volatilization technique, by adding a small amount of outer carbon measure, carries out high temperature reduction reaction by directly joining in kiln after its simply batching, granulation.The advantage of this technique is that equipment is simple, and maintenance cost is low, and adaptability to raw material is strong; Shortcoming makes equipment utilization efficiency of heat energy low, and reducing atmosphere is weak.
China is lead-zinc production big country, and along with the fast development of plumbous zinc industry, domestic zinc abstraction production capacity breaks through 5,000,000 tons in continuous 3 years.In recent years, along with the aggravation of the nervous situation of global zinc ore resource, high temperature peracid jarosite process has become the effective ways of the low zinc resource of process high ferro, this Technology is because adaptability to raw material is strong, metal recovery rate is high, energy consumption is low, adopted by the big-and-middle-sized zinc abstraction enterprise of domestic and international more than 90%, become industry gradually and dominate technical process.Though yellow potassium ferrovanadium technology has obvious advantage compared with conventional wet lay process, but it is large also to there is the leaching quantity of slag, iron content is low, poor stability, store up and easily cause the deficiencies such as secondary pollution because of attached heavy metal ion stripping, seepage afterwards, particularly it need separately build Special slag field, and the environmental protection high cost causing enterprise to pay, becomes the important problem affecting enterprise development and economic benefit gradually.
Only be confined to the aspect of carrying out harmless solidification treatment and synthetical recovery non-ferrous metal to the disposal of iron vitriol slag in current zinc industry, the effect of effective value of fully exploiting natural resources is poor, and its main recovery method is: pyrogenic process solidification enrichment and wet method synthetical recovery.Pyrogenic process solidification beneficiation technologies mainly with high-temperature sintering process, reducing roasting-magnetic method for representative, such technology makes alum slag obtain hot setting by fuel such as additional Jiao, coals the fuming concentration of valuable metals while, thus reach innoxious characteristic of storing up, although the method solves while enrichment store up harm problem, but removal process energy consumption is larger, cost is high, easily produces low concentration SO 2smoke pollution, from slag, the value of Efficient Development iron and rare precious metal does not fully demonstrate.Iron vitriol slag wet method Comprehensive Recovery Technology is by adopting acid, alkali reagent and special reactivation process, reaching the object of Selectively leaching, separation, makes slag valuable metal obtain high efficiency separation and extraction, reduces the Heavy Metal Pollution of slag; Although this recent years obtains breakthrough and application, but because its technical process is long, process control is loaded down with trivial details, the toxicity of slag is not thoroughly eliminated, precious metal selects smelting separating effect low, spent process water also needs to carry out environment protection standard process, thus constrains the process of industrialization technology exploitation, causes its economic benefit to fail to fully demonstrate.
In recent years, along with the whole world is to the enhancing of resource, environmental protection consciousness, the Chinese government also strengthens the great attention of heavy metal pollution problem, promulgates successively and has put into effect a series of policy, regulation and file, and give stricts orders the preventing and controlling that enterprise will strengthen heavy metal pollution; Following national environmental protection policy is by more strict and refinement, not only harsher and severe to the technical requirements of yellow potassium ferrovanadium waste residue disposal; Also the management of gas ash (mud) formally can be put under the useless category of danger simultaneously, cause enterprise's waste residue cost of disposal significantly to rise, and serious restriction production capacity and benefit promote.In addition, " exploitation abnormal pollution control techniques; the application technology as the second resource such as waste; heavy polluted industry clean manufacture integration technology, sets up the technical show-how pattern of developing a circular economy " is classified as and first develops theme by National Program for Medium-to Long-term Scientific and Technological Development (2006 ~ the year two thousand twenty); " non-ferrous metals industry medium & long term sci-tech development program " (2006 ~ the year two thousand twenty) also will " be developed iron and steel flue dust, reclaim zinc, plumbous technology containing bianchite slag " and be classified as important subject.Therefore, employing is comprehensive, advanced, practical new technology is strengthened and promotes the reasonable disposal to metallurgy industry solid waste (gas ash, iron vitriol slag), and day is aobvious urgent and important; The utilization of secondary metal resource simultaneously not only solves ample resources needs of problems, and is the important feature measure of energy-saving and emission-reduction, will be that country " 12 " gives special assistance to strategic novel industry.
Produce 6.3 hundred million tons of steel per year in China, annual steel industry by nearly for output gas ash (mud) more than 800 ten thousand tons, by environmental protection per ton dispose take 40 yuan and, the processing costs that country pays every year will more than 3.2 hundred million yuan.If these gas ash obtain synthetical recovery, (composition is: Fe30%, C25%, Zn10%, comprehensive recovery is by 85%), the economic benefit then produced will more than 17,000,000,000 yuan, extract reduced iron powder and the rare metal (as In, Ga, Te etc.) of high added value according to new technology, then direct economic benefit will more than 20,000,000,000 yuan.
If by current domestic zinc output 5,000,000 tons calculating, every year by output ferrovanadium slag more than about 2,500,000 tons, dispose expense 60 yuan by slag field construction per ton and environmental protection, enterprise is every year by the environmental protection cost of supplementary payments 1.5 hundred million yuan.As these iron vitriol slags are recycled utilization (slag ingredient: Zn6%, Fe32%, In, Ge, Cd, Pb0.8%, comprehensive recovery is by 90%), the direct economic benefit then produced will more than 500,000,000 yuan, if consider, rare precious metal and iron resources reclaim, then overall economic efficiency will reach 1,000,000,000 yuan.
At present, the domestic recovery technology to gas ash (mud) and Jarosite Residues is all only limitted to carry out independent treating processes according to the characteristic of material, such as: " a kind of technique utilizing rotary kiln to extract zinc from blast furnace gas mud " (patent No. CN101191159A) of people's inventions such as Gangcheng Enterprise General Co., Pangang Group Chen Tao, Honghe, Yunnan Xin Lian development in science and technology company limited Wang Shu pattern, the method of comprehensive recovery of iron and non-ferrous metal " from Steel Plant's solid waste " (patent No. CN101078052A) of the people such as Wang Haoyang invention, " from blast furnace dust, extract indium metal, zinc, the method of bismuth " (patent No. CN101078053A), patents such as " from blast furnace ironmaking flue dust producing iron powder and the method reclaiming non-ferrous metal " (patent No. CN201210179548.8) is all carry out professional treatment and recovery for gas ash (mud) single raw material, take full advantage of gas ash high-carbon (C18 ~ 25%), high zinc (Zn9 ~ 18%), the composition characteristic of low iron (Fe23 ~ 29%) carries out fuming reduction enrichment, obtain the high fluorine chlorine secondary zinc oxide product being rich in multiple valuable metal, though this type of technical scheme by hot setting reaction can thoroughly eliminate gas ash put forward zinc process after innoxiously store up problem, but it is low to the utilising efficiency of carbon resource more than needed in gas ash, because smelting separating effect is selected in the lower impact of Iron grade in slag, the Iron concentrate of low output capacity can only be obtained, mixed economy development benefit is limited, simultaneous reactions process waste heat fails to obtain effective recycling, causes energy consumption higher.And Guangxi University's grain seapeak, " a kind of method utilizing ammonium jarosite slag oxygenerating iron oxide black " (patent No. CN102718267A) of people's inventions such as Wang Yuhong, Shen, Guangxi chess-playing circles, Qin Shuhong invention " high indium high-iron zinc sulfide concentrate is indium, iron, silver, the new process for recovering metals such as tin " (patent No. CN1074464C), it is by Jarosite Residues warp that Changsha Mining & Metallurgy Inst Chen Zhi flies the patented technologies such as " technique of iron vitriol slag extracting indium by roasting and leaching " (patent No. CN1221800A) waiting people to invent, the process of wet underwater welding zinc and rare precious metal is carried out again after low-temperature bake pre-treatment.Its process characteristic is for the low zinc of iron vitriol slag (Zn5 ~ 6%), high ferro (Fe28 ~ 36%), high rare precious metal (In0.05 ~ 0.1%, Ag300 ~ 600g/t) feature, join Jiao's (or coal) outward as fuel and reductive agent, by low temperature transformation of crystal or high temperature fuming volatilization, reach the object of separation, enrichment.Although this type of technology also effectively can extract the valuable metal in iron vitriol slag, a large amount of fuel need be consumed, simultaneously because the decomposition of vitriol in slag causes SO in flue gas 2concentration higher (about about 1 ~ 3%), not only etching apparatus and refractory materials, and reclaim and difficulty of governance large, affect kiln slag and select iron effect, easily cause kiln ring formation phenomenon, cause technological development high cost.
Two class patented technologies in sum, all only be confined to specialize in from the angle of single material characteristic, the value advantage of two class secondary resources is caused to fail to give full play to, resource overall synthetic utilizes level lower, and to improving China's metallurgy industry energy-saving and emission-reduction, develop a circular economy, set up completely clean production development pattern and promote that dynamics is limited.Therefore, under current technology and envrionment conditions, gas ash and ferrovanadium slag two kinds of solid waste resources are taken into account and carries out innoxious synthetical recovery, play complementary advantage, not only eliminate the harm to environment, also reduce environmental protection of enterprise cost, and the level of iron resources and the exploitation of non-ferrous metal high added value can be improved, there is very major and immediate significance.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiency that above-mentioned two spike-type cultivars exists in recycling process, the invention provides and a kind ofly fully utilize solid waste gas ash, ferrovanadium slag carries out the clean method reclaimed, the feature that this processing method is high according to gas ash carbon, iron is low and iron vitriol slag iron is high, rare precious metal content is many, performance material composition is had complementary advantages, and utilizes reaction self-heating condition to reach the object of synthetical recovery and harmless treatment.Have reduction volatilization effective, valuable metal accumulation rate is high, and consume fuel is few, and comprehensive utilization of resources level is high and obtain the advantage of reduced iron powder product of high added value; Adopt conventional equipment, operating process is simple, reduced investment, and cost is low, the feature that exhaust emissions is easily up to standard simultaneously, can reach the demand that large-scale industrial is produced.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by being achieved by the following technical solutions:
Concrete implementation step is:
(1) batching is granulated:
By gas ash (mud) and Jarosite Residues according to (2 ~ 5): 1 ratio mixes, then allocate into the coke powder (or hard coal) of 15 ~ 30%, 1 ~ 5% additive after, be delivered to disk pelletizing machine to granulate, control discharging-material size is 6 ~ 12mm, moisture content is 18 ~ 25%, and the material after granulating is stored up dry 16 ~ 32h naturally;
(2) fuming volatilization:
Pellet after above-mentioned seasoning is sent in rotary kiln by the belt that feeds in raw material by kiln tail tremie pipe, controlling reaction zone kiln temperature is 1150 ~ 1200 DEG C, reaction times 4 ~ 6h, kiln end temperature is 400 ~ 600 DEG C, kiln tail negative pressure is 10 ~ 50Pa, kiln hood pressure of blast is 0.05 ~ 0.15MPa, and the zinc in raw material and other valuable metals are fully reacted and reduction volatilization; Kiln slag carries out shrend cooling after being discharged by kiln hood, and flue gas is gathered dust through air inducing discharge by kiln tail.
(3) scum process:
By cooled iron content kiln slag in above-mentioned rotary kiln fuming volatilization process, be transported to beneficiation combined method workshop by claw bucket sling, make after two-stage crushing, screening, ball milling and be less than 100 object 20% ore pulps, adopt strong magnetic separator to isolate and be greater than 65% crude iron powder containing Fe; Crude iron powder is again through three sections of ball mill ore grindings, and output reduced iron powder and Iron concentrate after the classification of high-efficiency helical grading machine, reduced iron powder can obtain the commodity reduced iron powder that granularity is less than 120 orders, MFe is greater than 92% after expansion drying and pneumatic classification.Ore dressing tail mud carries out solid-liquor separation after Floatation of Removal Carbon, obtains the carbon powder of carbon containing 68%, returns batching and recycles, and tail mud can deliver to Building Materials Factory as environment-friendly building materials raw material after filter-press dehydration.
(4) fume treatment:
By the flue gas that kiln tail in above-mentioned rotary kiln fuming volatilization process is discharged, through gravity settling chamber removing macrobead flue dust, and be cooled to 130 ~ 200 DEG C through waste heat boiler, then enter negative pressure bagroom and carry out dedusting, tail gas after gathering dust is delivered to Pneumatic emulsifying desulfurizing tower through induced draft fan and is carried out desulphurization and denitration, and through 60m chimney qualified discharge.Settling pocket gray back returns step (1) through closed embedded scraper transporter and prepares burden, the secondary zinc oxide flue dust that waste heat boiler and bagroom are collected delivers to warehouse through water-cooled embedded scraper transporter, extracts zinc and other rare precious metals for next step.
Gas ash (mud) in above-mentioned steps (1) is produced dust-removal cloth-bag ash by iron and steel enterprise's iron-smelting blast furnace, and its main component scope is: Fe20 ~ 32%; C15 ~ 25%; Zn4-20%; Pb0.03 ~ 1.5%; In0.02 ~ 0.15%; Bi0.1 ~ 1.8%; S0.2 ~ 0.6%; CaO3.2 ~ 7.8%; SiO 20.8 ~ 10.4%; Al 2o 32.1 ~ 5.8%;
Jarosite Residues in above-mentioned steps (1) is produced leached mud by zinc abstraction industry high temperature peracid jarosite process, and its main component scope is: Zn4.5-7.6%; Pb1.5 ~ 3.2%; In0.05 ~ 0.12%; Fe20 ~ 36.3%; Cu0.03 ~ 0.16%; Cd0.008 ~ 0.03%; As0.5 ~ 0.8%; Mn0.6 ~ 0.8%; S7.58 ~ 12.63%; Ag60 ~ 350g/t;
The additive used in above-mentioned steps (2) is one or several combinations in industrial silicon sand, lime, slaked lime or calcium carbonate.
Floatation of Removal Carbon process institute with medicament in above-mentioned steps (3), collecting agent is more than one among kerosene, oil, solar oil, paraffin, 2# wet goods; Pore forming material is fusel, sec-octyl alcohol, fatty oil etc.; Adjusting agent is more than one in water glass, sodium carbonate, sodium sulphite, sodium hydroxide, starch, xylogen, humic acids.
Tail mud waste in above-mentioned steps (3) is the silicate glass body after rotary kiln hot setting, and without solvability murder by poisoning again, can store up for a long time or utilize, its main component be: Fe7.6-10.1%; Zn0.1 ~ 0.2%; Pb0.03 ~ 0.06%; CaO8.6 ~ 12.6%; SiO218.6 ~ 23.4%;
Tail gas Pneumatic emulsifying desulfurizing tower involved in above-mentioned steps (4) is the environment treating facility that exclusive enterprise manufactures, and the interpolation medicament of its circulating absorption solution is commercially available NaOH, slaked lime or unslaked lime.
The secondary zinc oxide product composition obtained in above-mentioned steps (4) is: Zn50-60%; Pb8 ~ 10%; In0.07 ~ 0.12%; Fe0.6 ~ 1.5%; Cl2.1 ~ 3.8%; F0.03 ~ 0.08%;
Its general principles:
After gas ash and iron vitriol slag, appropriate coke powder are made into compound, join in rotary kiln by kiln tail, redox reaction is carried out under 1100 ~ 1300 DEG C of high temperature, the metallic compounds such as the zinc in material, lead, indium are metal by carbon and Carbon monoxide reduction, at high temperature volatilize and enter gas phase, being changed into oxide compound (ZnO, PbO, In by the atmospheric oxygen blasted again 2o 3deng), with entering dust collecting system after furnace gas cooling, being collected with enrichment oxide product and being reclaimed; Iron is reduced to fe or ferric oxide, and the refractory metal such as arsenic, antimony and calcium, silicon carry out slag making, are solidified into slag.
Main chemical reactions:
In the bed of material: 2C+O 2=2CO (1)
C+O 2=CO 2(2)
ZnO+CO=Zn(g)+CO 2(3)
ZnO+C=Zn(g)+CO (4)
3Fe 2O 3+CO=2Fe 3O 4+CO 2(5)
Fe 3O 4+CO=3FeO+CO 2(6)
FeO+CO=Fe+CO 2(7)
3(ZnO·Fe 2O 3)+C=2Fe 3O4+3ZnO+CO (8)
ZnO·Fe2O 3+CO=ZnO+2FeO+CO 2(9)
ZnS+3O 2=2ZnO+2SO 2(10)
ZnSO 4=ZnO+SO 2+1/2O 2(11)
Gas phase layer: Zn+1/2O 2=ZnO (8)
CO+1/2O 2=CO 2(9)
In this process, main economic and technical indices is:
Metal evaporation rate: Zn>95%, Pb>95%, Bi>91%, In>93%;
Non-ferrous metal total yield >97%, Fe>99%;
Metal enrichment ratio is 8 ~ 10 times;
Rotary kiln unit volume productivity: 1.8 ~ 2.5 tons/m 3d;
Coal-fired (Jiao) ratio: 15 ~ 20%, Second-rate zinc oxide powder output capacity: 20 ~ 25%;
Iron concentrate grade >65%, a reduced iron powder output capacity >55%;
The inventive method not only well can improve China's metallurgy industry metal secondary resource level of comprehensive utilization, also solve a general character difficult problem for resource reclaim and the recycle existed in two industry developments simultaneously, reach energy-saving and emission-reduction, effect of developing a circular economy, achieve the object of the minimizing of waste resource, recycling, recirculation.
This processing method, in implementation process, makes full use of the feature of resources advantage complementation, and not only solving gas mud, to carry secondary zinc oxide product fluorine cl content in zinc process high, the industry difficult problem that subsequent disposal is difficult, mass-producing additional processing cost is high; Also eliminate that fuel cost in iron vitriol slag pyrogenic attack process is high, kiln age is short, tail gas SO 2the crux that intractability is large, zero cost solve the storing up of two class industry solid wastes, disposal difficulties; Simultaneously in the process reclaiming non-ferrous metal, break through conventional fire reduction and control gordian technique, disposablely can obtain the reduced iron powder product of high added value, greatly improve the economic benefit of the utilization of resources, make the total recovery utilization rate of resource valuable metal arrive more than 98%.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
Raw materials used composition is:
Steel Plant's gas ash (mud) material composition is (wt, %): Fe28.4, C21.3, Zn10.4, Pb0.6, In0.08, Bi0.3, CaO5.27, SiO 28.14, Al 2o 33.65, H 2o16.3%;
Zinc abstraction factory Jarosite Residues material composition is (wt, %): Zn6.35, Pb1.8, In0.10, Fe32.7, Cu0.12, Cd0.018, As0.6, Mn0.62, Ag87g/t, H 2o21.8%;
Coke powder composition: fixed carbon 68.5%, volatile matter 4.68%, ash content 28.7%, S0.45%, H 2o12%, calorific value 6300KCal/Kg; Granularity <10mm (wherein <2mm account for 75%);
Unslaked lime composition: ordinary metallurgical lime three grades of product, CaO content >85%, granularity 60 ~ 80 order;
(1) batching granulate first by mentioned component gas ash and iron vitriol slag according to 3: 1 ratio carry out batch mixing, then by compound and coke powder, unslaked lime carries out stockpile burdening in 1: 0.18: 0.03 ratio claw bucket sling, after mixing, through disk feeder, rotary conveyor is sent in the disk pelletizing machine of φ 6000 × 500mm and is granulated, Control granularity is that 8 ~ 10mm accounts for more than 85%, moisture about 25%, after granulation, pellet is sent into indoor stock ground and carry out seasoning ventilation, feed bin is sent into by forklift after 24h, through kiln tail charging belt, tremie pipe is sent in kiln and is reacted.
(2) rotary kiln fuming volatilization control φ 3.2 × 50m reacting in rotary kiln band kiln temperature is 1150 ~ 1200 DEG C, material reaction 4h working time, rotating speed 0.5 ~ 1.2rpm, kiln end temperature is 400 ~ 550 DEG C, kiln tail negative pressure is 10 ~ 50Pa, kiln hood pressure of blast is 0.05 ~ 0.12MPa, makes the zinc in raw material and the abundant reduction volatilization of other valuable metals and reaction; Kiln slag carries out shrend cooling after being discharged by kiln hood, and flue gas is gathered dust through air inducing discharge by kiln tail.Metal evaporation rate Zn>96.1% in process, Pb>95.2%, In>93.6%; Metal enrichment ratio reaches 12, metal total recovery >98%, and degree of metalization (Fe) >76.5%, Zn<0.53% looked into by kiln.
(3) scum process is by the shrend kiln slag after cooling down, beneficiation combined method workshop is transported to by grab bucket, make after two-stage crushing, screening, wet ball-milling and be less than 100 object 20% ore pulps, adopt permanent-magnet drum type magnetic separator, controlling magnetic flux is respectively 1200 ~ 2500 Gausses, isolates and be greater than 65% crude iron powder containing Fe after three sections of gradient magnetic separation; Crude iron powder through three grades of ore grindings, then after the classification of high-efficiency helical grading machine output reduced iron powder and Iron concentrate, reduced iron powder can obtain the commodity reduced iron powder that granularity is less than 120 orders, MFe is greater than 92% after expansion drying and pneumatic classification, sells after class wrapping; The ore dressing tail mud that iron content is less than 8% carries out solid-liquor separation after Floatation of Removal Carbon, and obtain the carbon powder of carbon containing 68%, return batching and recycle, tail mud is used as environment-friendly building materials raw material through press filtration Hou Song Building Materials Factory.The reduced iron powder mass component obtained in process is: TFe95.4%, MFe92.3%, As<0.03%, S<0.05%, P<0.03%; The total yield of iron is 99.3%, reduced iron powder output capacity 56.4%, Iron concentrate output capacity 23.7%.
(4) fume treatment rotary kiln high-temperature flue gas is discharged by kiln tail, and after gravity settling removing macrobead flue dust, enter suction type bagroom via behind waste heat boiler cooling down to 150 ~ 160 DEG C, the flue gas after gathering dust is through 120,000 m 3/ h induced draft fan is delivered to Pneumatic emulsifying desulfurizing tower and is carried out desulfurization, and by chimney qualified discharge; Gravity settling chamber gray back returns batching by embedded scraper transporter, and the secondary zinc oxide product that waste heat boiler and bagroom are collected delivers to warehouse through water-cooled embedded scraper transporter.The secondary zinc oxide composition of process output is (wt, %): Zn56.8, Pb9.3, In0.09, Fe0.38, Cl2.3, F0.03; Tail gas SO 2content is less than 80mg/Nm 3, desulfuration efficiency is greater than 99.5%.
After adopting the art of this patent to process above-mentioned material, secondary zinc oxide output capacity is up to 28%, kiln slag of rotary kiln is less than 0.6% containing zinc, F, Cl content lower (it is 7 ~ 15% that gas mud produces zinc oxide F, Cl) in the secondary zinc oxide of output, after alkali cleaning defluorinate chlorine, zinc hydrometallurgy ingredient requirement can be met.
Embodiment 2
Raw materials used composition is:
Steel Plant's gas ash (mud) material composition is (wt, %): Fe18.6, C19.3, Zn8.4, Pb0.3, In0.06, Bi0.1, CaO6.18, SiO 210.36, Al 2o 34.19, H 2o17.5%;
Zinc abstraction factory Jarosite Residues material composition is (wt, %): Zn5.68, Pb2.7, In0.08, Fe35.1, Cu0.07, Cd0.021, As0.4, Mn0.37, Ag126g/t, H 2o23.8%;
Coke powder composition: fixed carbon 70.1%, volatile matter 3.21%, ash content 26.3%, S0.38%, H 2o14%, calorific value 6500KCal/Kg; Granularity <10mm (wherein <2mm account for 80%);
Unslaked lime composition: ordinary metallurgical lime three grades of product, CaO content >85%, granularity 60 ~ 80 order;
(1) batching granulate first by mentioned component gas ash and iron vitriol slag according to 5: 1 ratio carry out batch mixing; then compound and coke powder, unslaked lime are prepared burden in 1: 0.20: 0.02 ratio forklift; after mixing; send in the disk pelletizing machine of φ 6000 × 500mm granulate through disk feeder, rotary conveyor; Control granularity is that 10 ~ 12mm accounts for more than 85%; moisture about 20%; after granulation, pellet is sent into indoor stock ground and carry out seasoning ventilation; send into feed bin by forklift after 16h, send in kiln react through kiln tail charging belt, tremie pipe.
(2) rotary kiln fuming volatilization control φ 3.2 × 50m reacting in rotary kiln band kiln temperature is 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, material reaction 5h working time, rotating speed 0.5 ~ 1.2rpm, kiln end temperature is 550 ~ 600 DEG C, kiln tail negative pressure is 30 ~ 50Pa, kiln hood pressure of blast is 0.07 ~ 0.15MPa, makes the zinc in raw material and the abundant reduction volatilization of other valuable metals and reaction; Kiln slag carries out shrend cooling after being discharged by kiln hood, and flue gas is gathered dust through air inducing discharge by kiln tail.Metal evaporation rate Zn>95.3% in process, Pb>96.4%, In>93.4%; Metal enrichment ratio reaches 10.5, metal total recovery >98.4%, degree of metalization (Fe) >77.6%, kiln slag Zn<0.45%.
(3) scum process is by the shrend kiln slag after cooling down, beneficiation combined method workshop is transported to by grab bucket, make after two-stage crushing, screening, wet ball-milling and be less than 100 object 20% ore pulps, adopt permanent-magnet drum type magnetic separator, controlling magnetic flux is respectively 1400 ~ 2500 Gausses, isolates and be greater than 65% crude iron powder containing Fe after three sections of gradient magnetic separation; Crude iron powder through three grades of ore grindings, then after the classification of high-efficiency helical grading machine output reduced iron powder and Iron concentrate, reduced iron powder can obtain the commodity reduced iron powder that granularity is less than 120 orders, MFe is greater than 92% after expansion drying and pneumatic classification, sells after class wrapping; The ore dressing tail mud that iron content is less than 7.3% carries out solid-liquor separation after Floatation of Removal Carbon, and obtain the carbon powder of carbon containing 70%, return batching and recycle, tail mud is used as environment-friendly building materials raw material through press filtration Hou Song Building Materials Factory.The reduced iron powder mass component obtained in process is: TFe96.3%, MFe92.8%, As<0.03%, S<0.05%, P<0.03%; The total yield of iron is 99.1%, reduced iron powder output capacity 61.6%, Iron concentrate output capacity 24.9%.
(4) fume treatment rotary kiln high-temperature flue gas is discharged by kiln tail, and after gravity settling removing macrobead flue dust, enter suction type bagroom via behind waste heat boiler cooling down to 150 ~ 160 DEG C, the flue gas after gathering dust is through 100,000 m 3/ h induced draft fan is delivered to Pneumatic emulsifying desulfurizing tower and is carried out desulfurization, and by chimney qualified discharge; Gravity settling chamber gray back returns batching by embedded scraper transporter, and the secondary zinc oxide product that waste heat boiler and bagroom are collected delivers to warehouse through water-cooled embedded scraper transporter.The secondary zinc oxide composition of process output is (wt, %): Zn60.2, Pb12.1, In0.08, Fe0.45, Cl1.8, F0.013; Tail gas SO 2content is less than 52mg/Nm 3, desulfuration efficiency is greater than 99.7%.
After adopting the art of this patent to process above-mentioned material, secondary zinc oxide output capacity is up to 29%, kiln slag of rotary kiln is less than 0.45% containing zinc, F, Cl content lower (it is 7 ~ 15% that gas mud produces zinc oxide F, Cl) in the secondary zinc oxide of output, after a hot wash defluorinate chlorine, the ingredient requirement that secondary zinc oxide produces electric zinc can be reached.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow sheet of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. solid waste gas ash, containing a zinc-iron vanadium slag comprehensive recycling process, it is characterized in that it comprises following steps:
(1) batching granulation step: gas ash and iron vitriol slag are pressed and weight ratio 2: 1 ~ 5: 1 mixed, granulate after adding coke powder and additive, control discharging-material size is 6 ~ 12mm, obtains presoma after seasoning 16 ~ 32h;
(2) fuming volatilisation step: above-mentioned presoma is carried out fuming volatilization in rotary kiln, controlling reaction zone kiln temperature is 1150 ~ 1200 DEG C, reaction times 4 ~ 6h, kiln end temperature 400 ~ 600 DEG C, kiln tail negative pressure 10 ~ 50Pa, kiln hood pressure of blast 0.05 ~ 0.15MPa, the kiln slag that reaction produces is discharged continuously by kiln hood, and shrend cooling; The flue gas that reaction produces is discharged by kiln tail air inducing;
(3) scum treatment step: the kiln slag that above-mentioned fuming volatilisation step produces is processed, described kiln slag makes ore pulp after fragmentation, ball milling, is then separated through multi-stage magnetic separation by this ore pulp, obtains being greater than 65% crude iron powder and mine tailing containing Fe; Mine tailing is wherein through Floatation of Removal Carbon and solid-liquor separation, and obtain carbon powder and the tail mud of carbon containing 68%, carbon powder can return batching and recycle, tail mud after filter-press dehydration as environment-friendly building materials raw material;
(4) fume treatment step: the flue gas that step (2) produces is processed, described flue gas successively through gravity settling, cool and carry out desulphurization and denitration after bag collection, and by 60m smoke stack emission; The gray back that gravity settling produces can return batching granulation step to adjust elementary composition, and the flue dust collected by bag collection can be used as the raw material of extracting zinc and other rare precious metals.
2. solid waste gas ash according to claim 1, containing zinc-iron vanadium slag comprehensive recycling process, it is characterized in that, described additive be in industrial silicon sand, lime, slaked lime or calcium carbonate one or several combination.
3. solid waste gas ash according to claim 1 and 2, containing zinc-iron vanadium slag comprehensive recycling process, it is characterized in that, the proportioning of described coke powder is 15 ~ 30%wt, and additive formula is 1 ~ 5%wt.
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