CN104907087A - Synthesis method and application of porous carbonitride/copper oxide nanorod composite material with visible light response - Google Patents
Synthesis method and application of porous carbonitride/copper oxide nanorod composite material with visible light response Download PDFInfo
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a synthesis method and an application of a porous carbonitride/copper oxide nanorod composite material with visible light response, and belongs to the fields of composite material preparation technologies and photocatalysis. The problems of small specific surface area, high photo-generated electron-hole recombination rate and low quantum yield of present carbonitride materials are solved in the invention. The composite material is prepared from melamine and copper acetate through a chemical reaction process and a heat treatment process with methanol as a solvent. Compared with carbonitride, the porous carbonitride/copper oxide nanorod composite material prepared in the invention has the advantages of high specific surface area, good photocatalysis performance, and effective degradation of rhodamine B under visible light. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, cheap raw materials and large scale production; and the obtained composite material has large specific surface area, low photo-generated electron-hole pair recombination and good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to composite material and preparation method thereof and photocatalytic applications, particularly relate to preparation method and the application of carbonitride/cupric oxide composite, belong to composite technology of preparing and photocatalysis field.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of industry, the discharge of discarded sewage brings unprecedented crisis to the environment that people live.A large amount of organic dye pollutant of particularly discharging in dyeing, create great threat to the existence of biology various in people self and environment.Therefore, research is efficient, cheap, and reproducible photochemical catalyst to carry out in degradation water organic dyestuff skill to reduce the discharge of the environmentally harmful discarded object of industrial production, and then realizes socioeconomic sustainable development.
Dyestuff is in many industry as the fields such as weaving, printing and dyeing, papermaking, process hides widely use, and waste water from dyestuff is one of important industrial pollution source.The aromatic group of dye complex and stable chemical constitution, make it have high toxicity, be difficult to carry out the features such as biodegradation.The harmless treatment of dyestuff contaminant is one of difficulty in treatment of industrial wastewater always.The photocatalytic degradation material of present stage is mainly based on the metal oxide materials such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and the absorption spectrum of these oxide materials is mainly at ultraviolet region, usually very little to the absorption of visible region.Enter about 5% of atmospheric solar energy because ultraviolet light only accounts for, and visible ray accounts for more than 45% of solar energy, these traditional metal oxide materials fail effectively to utilize solar energy, therefore need badly and find novel catalysis material.The catalysis material of development of new has become the great front line science in current international material field and one of has explored.This project is significant to research novel photocatalysis material.
Carbonitride/metal oxide composite is a kind of new material formed by supermolecular mechanism and metal ion and carbonitride coordination.Its precursor polymer semiconductor graphite phase carbon nitride is due to superior chemical stability and unique electronic band structure, and the advantage such as cheap makes it be widely used in the photocatalytic conversion of solar energy, and as photolysis water hydrogen, degradation of dye, disposes of sewage.The circulus of polymer semiconductor's graphite phase carbon nitride and high condensation degree make it have many advantages, such as fabulous physical and chemical stability, attracting medium electron energy band (2.7 eV) structure.These unique characteristics become the extremely promising catalyst utilizing sunshine to carry out visible light catalytic.In addition, carbonitride is easily prepared, can by inexpensive material as cyanamide, and urea, melamine, the one-step polymerizations such as dicyandiamide form.But carbonitride has that photo-generate electron-hole is high to recombination rate, quantum yield is low, specific area is little and the shortcoming such as light utilization efficiency is not high.For addressing this problem, need to carry out modification to carbonitride.So far, yet there are no and utilize supermolecular mechanism and coordination, the related process technologies using chemical reaction method and heat treating process to prepare nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano composite occurs.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the low problem causing photocatalytic activity not high enough of existing carbonitride specific area, provides a kind of synthetic method and the application with the photochemical catalyst of visible light-responded nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material.
A kind of synthetic method with visible light-responded nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:
1) melamine and Schweinfurt green powder are put into round-bottomed flask, add methyl alcohol as solvent.Be put in by round-bottomed flask in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, the reaction time is 1h-3h, by product filtration drying.
2) composite step 1) prepared loads in porcelain boat, puts into tube furnace, in argon gas atmosphere by the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min-4 DEG C/min by room temperature to 500 DEG C-600 DEG C and constant temperature 1h-3h.Then nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite is obtained after being cooled to room temperature in argon gas atmosphere.
In described step 1), the reaction time is 1h-3h.
In described step 1), the temperature of constant temperature blender with magnetic force is 75 DEG C-80 DEG C.
Described step 2) under an argon atmosphere by tube furnace heating rate be 1 DEG C/min-4 DEG C/min.
Described step 2) in the temperature from ambient of tube furnace is risen to 500 DEG C-600 DEG C.
Described step 2) middle temperature constant temperature 1h-3h at 550 DEG C-600 DEG C.
Described step 2) in argon gas flow velocity be 50-60 cc/min.
That prepares according to above method a kind ofly has visible light-responded nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material and is applied to photocatalytic degradation of dye pollutant field.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Prepared by melamine and Schweinfurt green first and there is visible light-responded nanoporous composite, the present invention is by preparing loose structure, the specific area of effective raising material, reduce photo-generate electron-hole recombination rate, thus improve its catalytic activity at visible region, the present invention uses cheap raw material, nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material is prepared through simple chemical reaction method and heat treating process, process is simple, synthesis is convenient, raw material at a low price, obtained composite specific area adds about 2 times than the specific area of carbonitride, thus effectively improve photocatalysis efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure that test two obtains.
Fig. 2 is the TEM figure that test three obtains.
Fig. 3 is the XRD figure that test four obtains.
Fig. 4 is the light degradation activity figure that test five obtains.
Fig. 5 is the catalyst circulation use figure that test six obtains.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
the preparation of embodiment 1 carbonitride/cupric oxide composite:
2.5g melamine and 4g Schweinfurt green powder are put into round-bottomed flask, simultaneously with 200ml methyl alcohol for solvent.Round-bottomed flask is put in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, reaction 3h, filters and obtains precursor, is loaded by the material of preparation in porcelain boat, put into tube furnace in argon gas atmosphere by the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min by room temperature to 500 DEG C and constant temperature 2h, argon gas flow velocity is 60cc/min.Nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite is obtained after being cooled to room temperature.
the preparation of embodiment 2 carbonitrides/cupric oxide composite:
2.5g melamine and 4g Schweinfurt green powder are put into round-bottomed flask, simultaneously with 200ml methyl alcohol for solvent.Round-bottomed flask is put in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, reaction 2h, filters and obtains precursor, is loaded by the material of preparation in porcelain boat, put into tube furnace in argon gas atmosphere by the heating rate of 3 DEG C/min by room temperature to 550 DEG C and constant temperature 2h, argon gas flow velocity is 50cc/min.Nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite is obtained after being cooled to room temperature.
the preparation of embodiment 3 carbonitrides/cupric oxide composite:
2.5g melamine and 4g Schweinfurt green powder are put into round-bottomed flask, simultaneously with 200ml methyl alcohol for solvent.Round-bottomed flask is put in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, reaction 3h, filters and obtains precursor, is loaded by the material of preparation in porcelain boat, put into tube furnace in argon gas atmosphere by the heating rate of 3 DEG C/min by room temperature to 600 DEG C and constant temperature 3h, argon gas flow velocity is 60cc/min.Nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite is obtained after being cooled to room temperature.
the preparation of embodiment 4 carbonitrides/cupric oxide composite:
2.5g melamine and 4g Schweinfurt green powder are put into round-bottomed flask, simultaneously with 200ml methyl alcohol for solvent.Round-bottomed flask is put in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, reaction 3h, filters and obtains precursor, is loaded by the material of preparation in porcelain boat, put into tube furnace in argon gas atmosphere by the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min by room temperature to 550 DEG C and constant temperature 1h, argon gas flow velocity is 55cc/min.Nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite is obtained after being cooled to room temperature.
The raw material of present embodiment is the pure raw material of commercially available analysis.
embodiment 5: present embodiment a kind of has visible light-responded nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite and be applied to Visible Light Induced Photocatalytic dyestuff contaminant field.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is proved with following test.
test one:2.5g melamine and 4g Schweinfurt green powder are put into round-bottomed flask, simultaneously with 200ml methyl alcohol for solvent.Round-bottomed flask is put in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, reaction 3h, filters and obtains precursor, is loaded by the material of preparation in porcelain boat, put into tube furnace in argon gas atmosphere by the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min by room temperature to 500 DEG C and constant temperature 2h, argon gas flow velocity is 60cc/min.Nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material is obtained after being cooled to room temperature.
test two:nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide the composite adopting SEM obtained to test one carries out carbonitride/cupric oxide composite SEM that electron-microscope scanning obtains as shown in Figure 1 schemes, testing a carbonitride/cupric oxide composite obtained as can be seen from Figure 1 is nanometer rods porous material, is porous nano bar structure.
test three:nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano the rod composite material adopting transmission electron microscope obtained to test one carries out carbonitride/cupric oxide composite TEM that electron-microscope scanning obtains as shown in Figure 2 schemes, and carbonitride as can be seen from Figure 2/cupric oxide composite is nano stick.
test four:x-ray diffraction is utilized to obtain the XRD figure of nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite that test one as shown in Figure 3 obtains.Be positioned at 35.4 as can be seen from Figure
o, 37.4
o, 38.7
ofor the characteristic diffraction peak of CuO, 27.3
ocharacteristic diffraction peak belong to graphite phase carbon nitride characteristic diffraction peak.
test five:the nanoporous carbonitride utilizing test one to prepare/cupric oxide composite degradation rhodamine B, with graphite phase carbon nitride and cupric oxide for control group, detailed process is as follows:
Take the obtained nanoporous carbonitride/cupric oxide composite of 40mg test one, being scattered in 100ml concentration is in the rhodamine B of 10mg/L, put into light reaction instrument lucifuge and stir half an hour, reach catalyst and rhodamine B adsorption-desorption balances, with the xenon lamp of 350w for light source, carry out the reaction of light degradation dyestuff.
Take 40mg graphite phase carbon nitride, being scattered in 100ml concentration is in the rhodamine B of 10mg/L, puts into light reaction instrument lucifuge and stirs half an hour, reach catalyst and rhodamine B adsorption-desorption balances, with the xenon lamp of 350w for light source, carry out the reaction of light degradation dyestuff.
Take 40mg cupric oxide, being scattered in 100ml concentration is in the rhodamine B of 10mg/L, puts into light reaction instrument lucifuge and stirs half an hour, reach catalyst and rhodamine B adsorption-desorption balances, with the xenon lamp of 350w for light source, carry out the reaction of light degradation dyestuff.
The first five minute, 1ml reactant liquor is got every one minute, within latter 25 minutes, got 1ml reactant liquor every five minutes, its absorbance surveyed by centrifugal rear Hitachi U-2900 ultraviolet specrophotometer, obtain light degradation curve map as shown in Figure 4, wherein black curve is graphite phase carbon nitride, and the red nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material obtained for test one, green curve is cupric oxide.As seen from Figure 4, within 20 minutes, rhodamine B degradation rate is 100%, exceeds graphite phase carbon nitride and cupric oxide is a lot.
test six:by the nanoporous carbonitride in test 5/cupric oxide composite centrifugal drying, dispersion 100ml concentration is in the rhodamine B of 10mg/L, put into light reaction instrument lucifuge and stir half an hour, reach catalyst and rhodamine B adsorption-desorption balances, with the xenon lamp of 350w for light source, carry out the reaction of light degradation dyestuff.Get the centrifugal rear Hitachi U-2900 ultraviolet specrophotometer of 1ml reactant liquor every five minutes and survey its absorbance, so repeat the photocatalytic degradation repeatability curve map obtained for twice as shown in Figure 5.As can be seen from figure five, very well, photocatalytic activity almost remains unchanged nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material repeatability, confirms that it has higher catalytic stability.
Claims (4)
1. there is a synthetic method for visible light-responded nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) melamine and Schweinfurt green powder are put into round-bottomed flask, add methyl alcohol as solvent; Be put in by round-bottomed flask in constant temperature blender with magnetic force, the reaction time is 1h-3h, by product filtration drying;
2) product step 1) prepared loads in porcelain boat, put into tube furnace, in argon gas atmosphere by the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min-4 DEG C/min by room temperature to 500 DEG C-600 DEG C and constant temperature 1h-3h, obtain nitride porous carbon/cupric oxide nano rod composite material after being then cooled to room temperature in argon gas atmosphere.
2. synthetic method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 1) in the temperature of constant temperature blender with magnetic force be 75 DEG C-80 DEG C.
3. synthetic method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) middle temperature constant temperature 1h-3h at 550 DEG C-600 DEG C.
4. synthetic method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) in argon gas flow velocity be 50-60cc/min.
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105728048A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-07-06 | 苏州科技学院 | Artificial photosynthesis system and application thereof |
| CN106040274A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-10-26 | 中国计量大学 | High-concentration organic pollutant visible-light high-efficiency degradation amorphous carbon nitride catalyst and preparation method thereof |
| CN106423245A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-22 | 扬州大学 | Synthesis method of carbon nitride loaded copper catalyst |
| CN106732741A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 滨州学院 | The visible light catalyst of dyestuff and its preparation and application in a kind of degrading waste water |
| CN107899601A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-13 | 江南大学 | A kind of CuO/ nitridations carbon composite photocatalyst and preparation method thereof |
| CN108246336A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-06 | 中南大学 | A kind of Cu oxide/N doping agraphitic carbon composite material and its preparation and application |
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| CN109939714A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-06-28 | 扬州大学 | Polymer carbonitride supported copper hollow nanotube, synthetic method and its application |
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| WO2020103616A1 (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2020-05-28 | 青岛大学 | Copper oxide/carbon nanotube/carbon nitride electrochemical sensor for detecting acetaminophen, preparation method therefor and application thereof |
| CN111875547A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-03 | 大连工业大学 | Method for photocatalytic synthesis of Biginelli reaction by two-dimensional porous carbon nitride photocatalyst |
| CN113860352A (en) * | 2021-09-25 | 2021-12-31 | 河北工程大学 | Preparation method of nano copper oxide-graphite phase carbon nitride composite material and drying device for preparation |
| CN113881269A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-01-04 | 福建省三棵树新材料有限公司 | Copper carbon nitride nano composite material, application thereof in paint and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114950295A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-08-30 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation of Cu by gas-solid reaction 3 Method of P |
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