CN104880368A - Multifunctional pressure difference type method for testing compatibility of high-pressure hydrogen and materials - Google Patents
Multifunctional pressure difference type method for testing compatibility of high-pressure hydrogen and materials Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of development of material mechanical property testing devices, and aims at providing a multifunctional pressure difference type method for testing the compatibility of high-pressure hydrogen and materials. The method includes a bursting test method, a variable-hydrogen-pressure fatigue test method and a constant-hydrogen-pressure fatigue test method. By means of the method for applying loads on a disc sample through the pressure difference of the upper surface and the lower surface of the disc sample, complex servo test mechanisms are avoided, the device size is greatly reduced, the device input is reduced, operation is easy and convenient, and the test efficiency is improved; in the test process, parameters such as strain and displacement of the disc sample can be conveniently measured, and corresponding tested elements are not influenced by high-pressure hydrogen.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to material mechanical performance testing apparatus development field, particularly the method for testing of multi-functional pressure differential High Pressure Hydrogen and material compatibility.
Background technology
Hydrogen is ingredient important in the clean utilization of fossil energy and new forms of energy evolution.Hydrogen carries out storing and transporting with the form of high-pressure gaseous usually.In recent years, due to the development trend that High Pressure Hydrogen system pressure is high, Service Environment is complicated, High Pressure Hydrogen system material and hydrogen consistency problem (i.e. hydrogen embrittlement problem) is made to become outstanding gradually.Hydrogen embrittlement can make the toughness of material decline, and crack propagation velocity becomes large, and then it is of serious failure to cause High Pressure Hydrogen system to occur suddenly in process under arms, causes very big hidden danger to the safety of the people.In order to ensure the safety of High Pressure Hydrogen system, High Pressure Hydrogen system material must carry out the experimental study with hydrogen compatibility.
Carry out the Study on Compatibility of metal material and High Pressure Hydrogen, under high pressure hydrogen environment, (up to 100MPa) Measurement of Material Mechanical Performance should be carried out.This just proposes higher requirement to corresponding test unit.Many research institutions have all carried out the research and development of material Study on Compatibility equipment in high pressure hydrogen environment in the world, but the said equipment all faces following key issue:
(1) device structure is complicated, and cost is high, complicated operation
Mostly the hydrogen compatibility test device of current exploitation is on the basis of traditional material testing machine, add the environmental cabinet that hydrogen gas environment can be provided, sample and fixture thereof are contained in environmental cabinet inside, therefore, environmental cabinet internal capacity is larger, in addition its pressure usually higher (up to 100MPa), causes equipment manufacturing cost expensive.In addition, the environmental cabinet of larger volume also needs to be equipped with corresponding hydrogen air supply system, and whole equipment operating is complicated, hydrogen and cost of labor higher.As the test unit proposed in patent [201110259252.2], not only the cost of equipment itself is higher, and each test needs many people operating equipment, and hydrogen gas consumption is also large.
(2) there is high pressure hydrogen movable sealing structure, easily leak
There is the load bar running through hydrogen environmental cabinet in existing material and hydrogen compatibility test device, thus provide loading force for the sample of environmental cabinet inside.In order to maintain the pressure of environmental cabinet inside, load bar and environmental cabinet contact position need arrange moving sealing element.And practice shows, the existing movable sealing structure life-span is very short, after being everlasting and using the short period, lost efficacy suddenly, and caused the leakage of hydrogen, there is larger potential safety hazard because of the reason such as wearing and tearing and molten hydrogen-expansion.
(3) in hydrogen gas environment, the parameters measurement difficulty of sample is large
In hydrogen gas environment, the measuring sensors such as sample strain, power are due to the impact by hydrogen, and serious drift can occur signal, causes the inaccurate of measurement.
(4) there is larger difference between the stress of sample and the stress of actual components
Usually, the barrel of high-pressure hydrogen storage under arms in process by two to the effect of stress or three-dimensional stress.And the existing testing machine normally failure behaviour of test sample under unidirectional stress, also there is certain gap with the actual duty status of component.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, provides a kind of disc-like wafer that adopts as sample, utilizes the experimental technique that the pressure reduction of disk sample upper and lower surface comes disk sample imposed load.For solving the problems of the technologies described above, solution of the present invention is:
The test unit of multi-functional pressure differential High Pressure Hydrogen and material compatibility is provided, under high pressure hydrogen environment, (up to 100MPa) can carry out Mechanics Performance Testing to disk sample, described test unit comprises test cavity, Pneumatic booster pump, low pressure storage tank, high pressure storage tank, vacuum pump, hydrogen cylinder group, argon bottle group and control system module;
Described test cavity comprises end cap, upper chamber, lower cavity, pressure ring, the inside center cavity of upper chamber, lower cavity forms the cavity passage be communicated with, be connected respectively by bolt of cover, upper chamber bolt between end cap with upper chamber, between upper chamber with lower cavity, and junction all adopts O type circle to seal as seal element, can realize the sealing of cavity passage after adding a cover end cap; Lower cavity with on the surface of contact of upper chamber, be i.e., on the upper surface of lower cavity, be provided with the groove for placing disk sample, and be provided with O type circle between the groove of disk sample and lower cavity for sealing; Described pressure ring is embedded in upper chamber, and with upper chamber interference fit, pressure ring is used for applying compressive stress to the disk sample be placed in lower cavity groove, is all respectively arranged with O type circle for sealing between pressure ring and upper chamber, between pressure ring and disk sample; Pressure ring adopts annular compression ring, and the overall diameter of pressure ring is identical with the diameter of disk sample, and the interior diameter of pressure ring is identical with the interior diameter of the interior diameter of upper chamber, lower cavity; Upper chamber and lower cavity are respectively arranged with upper chamber blow vent and lower cavity blow vent;
Described hydrogen cylinder group is used for carrying the hydrogen that is for experiment, described argon bottle group is for providing the argon gas of displacement and test, the exhausr port of hydrogen cylinder group, the exhausr port of argon bottle group are connected to the air intake opening of low pressure storage tank respectively, the escape hole of low pressure storage tank is connected to Pneumatic booster pump, Pneumatic booster pump is connected to high pressure storage tank, and the exhausr port of high pressure storage tank is communicated with lower cavity blow vent with upper chamber blow vent respectively; Upper chamber blow vent and lower cavity blow vent be provided with directly be connected to low pressure storage tank put hydrogen loop, for the hydrogen given off in upper chamber or lower cavity is recycled to low pressure storage tank; Upper chamber blow vent and lower cavity blow vent are provided with the displacement pipeline being directly connected to argon bottle group, for carrying out gas displacement to upper chamber or lower cavity; Upper chamber blow vent, lower cavity blow vent are also connected with the air intake opening of vacuum pump;
Described hydrogen loop of putting is provided with and puts hydrogen loop valve, upper chamber blow vent place is provided with upper chamber flow control valve, lower cavity blow vent place is provided with lower cavity flow control valve, the air intake opening place of vacuum pump is provided with vacuum pump valve, and the exhaust ports of high pressure storage tank is provided with high pressure storage tank outlet valve; The air intake opening place of the exhaust ports of described hydrogen cylinder group, the exhaust ports of argon bottle group, low pressure storage tank, displacement pipeline are respectively equipped with valve A, valve B, valve C, valve D;
Described control system module is for controlling the operation of Pneumatic booster pump and vacuum pump, valvular aperture.Its implementation can adopt the combination of hardware, software or hardware and software.Those skilled in the art can, according to function of the present invention, be used to realize correlation function to prior art means.Due to these contents and non-invention emphasis, therefore repeat no more.
In the present invention, described upper chamber blow vent, lower cavity blow vent are also provided with blowdown piping, and are provided with emptying valve for controlling;
Also be provided with branch road between described upper chamber blow vent, lower cavity blow vent for being communicated with, and branch road be provided with branch road valve; Namely the connecting pipeline through upper chamber flow control valve, branch road valve, lower cavity flow control valve is provided with between upper chamber blow vent, lower cavity blow vent;
Also be provided with branch road between the exhausr port of described hydrogen cylinder group, the exhausr port of argon bottle group for being communicated with, and branch road be provided with valve E; The connecting pipeline through valve A, valve E, valve B is provided with between the exhausr port of the i.e. exhausr port of hydrogen cylinder group, argon bottle group, and the connecting pipeline between the air intake opening ensureing the exhausr port of hydrogen cylinder group, low pressure storage tank is through valve A, valve C, the connecting pipeline between the exhausr port of argon bottle group, the air intake opening of low pressure storage tank is through valve B, valve E, valve C.
In the present invention, in described test cavity, low pressure storage tank, high pressure storage tank, be all provided with pressure transducer, and by the pressure signal collection in control system module Control experiment cavity, low pressure storage tank, high pressure storage tank.
In the present invention, the design pressure of described test cavity is 35 ~ 100MPa, and upper chamber and lower cavity all adopt by the cavity of austenite stainless steel making, the pressure ring that pressure ring adopts the high-strength steel being greater than 800MPa by tensile strength to manufacture.
Explosion bulge test method of testing based on described test unit is provided, specifically comprises the steps:
Steps A: be separated upper chamber and lower cavity, after having installed disk sample, by upper chamber bolt tight engagement upper chamber and lower cavity, remove end cap, utilize the center cavity of upper chamber to arrange displacement tester and strain detection testing device to disk sample;
Step B: take out the residual air in test unit and subsidiary pipeline with vacuum pump, until after vacuum tightness reaches setting value in system, uses Pneumatic booster pump to carry out high pressure hydrogen to high pressure storage tank and fills, until Hydrogen Vapor Pressure reaches setting value in high pressure storage tank;
Step C: reuse vacuum pump to lower cavity and attached pipeline thereof be evacuated to setting vacuum tightness after, close vacuum pump, the hydrogen in high pressure storage tank is made to enter in lower cavity with specific speed by lower cavity flow control valve, until the explosion of disk sample, cut off sources of hydrogen, record burst pressure, and in process of the test the strain and displacement of recording disc sample;
Step D: after using argon gas to replace at least one times the hydrogen in test cavity and pipeline, be separated upper chamber and lower cavity, take out disk sample.
Change hydrogen pressure torture test method of testing based on described test unit is provided, specifically comprises the steps:
Step e: be separated upper chamber and lower cavity, after having installed disk sample, by upper chamber bolt tight engagement upper chamber and lower cavity, remove end cap, utilize the center cavity of upper chamber to arrange displacement tester and strain detection testing device to disk sample;
Step F: take out the residual air in test unit and subsidiary pipeline with vacuum pump, until after vacuum tightness reaches setting value in system, uses Pneumatic booster pump to carry out high pressure hydrogen to high pressure storage tank and fills, until Hydrogen Vapor Pressure reaches setting value in high pressure storage tank;
Step G: reuse vacuum pump to lower cavity and attached pipeline thereof be evacuated to setting vacuum tightness after, close vacuum pump, the hydrogen in high pressure storage tank is made to enter in lower cavity with specific speed by lower cavity flow control valve, until pressure reach the test pressure upper limit after (the test pressure upper limit is less than the burst pressure of disk sample), stop filling hydrogen, then by the hydrogen discharge in lower cavity to low pressure storage tank, after bottom cavity internal pressure reaches test pressure lower limit, stop putting hydrogen, repeat continuously subsequently above-mentionedly to fill hydrogen, put hydrogen process, until disk sample destroys,
Step H: the fatigue life cycle of experience before recording disc sample destroys, after using argon gas to replace at least one times the hydrogen in test cavity and pipeline, is separated upper chamber and lower cavity, takes out disk sample.
Constant hydrogen pressure torture test method of testing based on described test unit is provided, specifically comprises the steps:
Step I: be separated upper chamber and lower cavity, after having installed disk sample, by upper chamber bolt tight engagement upper chamber and lower cavity, filling with the degree of depth on disk sample top is the ionic liquid of 5 ~ 10mm, then uses bolt of cover tight engagement end cap and upper chamber;
Step J: take out the residual air in test unit and subsidiary pipeline with vacuum pump, until after vacuum tightness reaches setting value in system, uses Pneumatic booster pump to carry out high pressure hydrogen to high pressure storage tank and fills, until Hydrogen Vapor Pressure reaches setting value in high pressure storage tank;
Step K: reuse vacuum pump and setting vacuum tightness is evacuated to upper chamber, lower cavity and attached pipeline thereof, then close vacuum pump, the hydrogen in high pressure storage tank is made to enter in lower cavity with specific speed by lower cavity flow control valve, until after pressure reaches setting value, stop filling hydrogen, close lower cavity flow control valve, make Hydrogen Vapor Pressure in lower cavity keep constant in whole process of the test;
Step L: make the hydrogen in high pressure storage tank enter in upper chamber with specific speed by upper chamber flow control valve, until after pressure reaches the set pressure upper limit, stop filling hydrogen, then by the hydrogen discharge in upper chamber to low pressure storage tank, when pressure in upper chamber reaches after set pressure lower limit, stop putting hydrogen, repeat continuously subsequently above-mentionedly to fill hydrogen, put hydrogen process, until disk sample destroys;
Step M: the fatigue life cycle of experience before recording disc sample destroys, after using argon gas to replace at least one times the hydrogen in test cavity and pipeline, is separated upper chamber and lower cavity, takes out disk sample.
In the present invention, the thickness of described disk sample is 0.5 ~ 2mm, disk sample adopts plane disk sample or straw hat shape disk sample, and straw hat shape disk sample refers to the disk sample of intermediate projections, edge plane, and ensures that the diameter of intermediate projections structure is not more than the interior diameter of pressure ring.
In the present invention, described displacement tester adopts linear variable difference transformer type (LVDT) displacement transducer.
In the present invention, described strain detection testing device adopts resistance strain plate.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention's method of utilizing the pressure reduction of disk sample upper and lower surface to come disk sample imposed load, avoid complicated servo test mechanism, equipment volume greatly reduces, and equipment investment reduces, easy and simple to handle, and test efficiency improves.
2, avoid in apparatus of the present invention employing high pressure dynamic sealing element, the probability that hydrogen occurs to leak can be reduced, improve reliability and the security of device.
3, in the process of the test of invention, the parameters such as the strain and displacement of disk sample can be measured easily, and corresponding testing element is not by the impact of high pressure hydrogen.
4, the stress of disk sample is two to stress, more to fit than traditional single load bearing sample the actual service state of component, and by the shape of adjustment disk sample, such as the straw hat shape of plane or intermediate projections, edge plane, carrys out the performance of research material under different stress.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is general arrangement schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the test cavity cut-open view in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is displacement and strain detection testing device structural representation.
Fig. 4 is ionic liquid schematic layout pattern.
Fig. 5 is plane disk sample schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is straw hat shape disk sample schematic diagram.
Reference numeral in figure is: 1 hydrogen cylinder group; 2 low pressure storage tanks; 3 put hydrogen loop valve; 4 Pneumatic booster pumps; 5 high pressure storage tanks; 6 put hydrogen loop; 7 emptying valves; 8 vacuum pump valves; 9 vacuum pumps; 10 upper chamber flow control valves; 11 end caps; 12 upper chamber; 13 lower cavity; 14 lower cavity flow control valves; 15 branch road valves; 16 high pressure storage tank outlet valves; 17 control system modules; 18 displacement pipelines; 19 argon bottle groups; 20 bolts of cover; 21 upper chamber bolts; 22O type circle; 23 disk samples; 24 pressure rings; 25 upper chamber blow vents; 26 lower cavity blow vents; 27 displacement testers; 28 strain detection testing devices; 29 ionic liquids; 30 plane disk samples; 31 straw hat shape disk samples.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
Multi-functional pressure differential High Pressure Hydrogen as shown in Figure 1 and the test unit of material compatibility, comprise test cavity, Pneumatic booster pump 4, low pressure storage tank 2, high pressure storage tank 5, vacuum pump 9, hydrogen cylinder group 1, argon bottle group 19 and control system module 17.This test unit adopts disc-like wafer as sample, (up to 100MPa) can utilize the pressure reduction of disk sample 23 upper and lower surface, carry out Mechanics Performance Testing to disk sample 23 imposed load under high pressure hydrogen environment.
As shown in Figure 2, described test cavity comprises end cap 11, upper chamber 12, lower cavity 13, pressure ring 24, and the design pressure of test cavity is 35 ~ 100MPa; Upper chamber 12 and lower cavity 13 by anti-hydrogen embrittlement austenite stainless steel making of good performance, with the life and reliability of warranty test cavity; Pressure ring 24 is manufactured by high-strength steel, to ensure that it can apply enough compressive stress to disk sample 23.The inside center cavity of upper chamber 12, lower cavity 13 forms the cavity passage be communicated with, be connected respectively by bolt of cover 20, upper chamber bolt 21 between end cap 11 with upper chamber 12, between upper chamber 12 with lower cavity 13, and junction all adopts O type circle 22 to seal as seal element, can realize the sealing of cavity passage after adding a cover end cap 11.In explosion bulge test and the torture test of change hydrogen pressure, end cap 11 can remove, cavity passage then by upper chamber 12 center arranges displacement tester 27, strain detection testing device 28, and then measures the relevant parameter change of disk sample 23 in process of the test.
Lower cavity 13 with on the surface of contact of upper chamber 12, be i.e., on the upper surface of lower cavity 13, be provided with the groove for placing disk sample 23, and be provided with O type circle 22 between the groove of disk sample 23 and lower cavity 13 for sealing.Described pressure ring 24 is embedded in upper chamber 12, and with upper chamber 12 interference fit, pressure ring 24, for applying compressive stress to the disk sample 23 be placed in lower cavity 13 groove, is all respectively arranged with O type circle 22 for sealing between pressure ring 24 and upper chamber 12, between pressure ring 24 and disk sample 23.Pressure ring 24 adopts annular compression ring, and the overall diameter of pressure ring 24 is identical with the diameter of disk sample 23, and the interior diameter of pressure ring 24 is identical with the interior diameter of the interior diameter of upper chamber 12, lower cavity 13; Upper chamber 12 and lower cavity 13 are respectively arranged with upper chamber blow vent 25 and lower cavity blow vent 26.The thickness of described disk sample 23 is 0.5 ~ 2mm, disk sample 23 adopts plane disk sample 30 or straw hat shape disk sample 31, straw hat shape disk sample 31 refers to the disk sample of intermediate projections, edge plane, and ensures that the diameter of intermediate projections structure is not more than the interior diameter of pressure ring 24.
Described hydrogen cylinder group 1 is for carrying the hydrogen that is for experiment, described argon bottle group 19 is for providing the argon gas of displacement and test, the exhausr port of hydrogen cylinder group 1, the exhausr port of argon bottle group 19 are connected to the air intake opening of low pressure storage tank 2 respectively, the escape hole of low pressure storage tank 2 is connected to Pneumatic booster pump 4, Pneumatic booster pump 4 is connected to high pressure storage tank 5, and the exhausr port of high pressure storage tank 5 is communicated with lower cavity blow vent 26 with upper chamber blow vent 25 respectively.Upper chamber blow vent 25 and lower cavity blow vent 26 be provided with directly be connected to low pressure storage tank 2 put hydrogen loop 6, thus make to be recycled to low pressure storage tank 2 becoming in hydrogen pressure torture test and constant hydrogen pressure torture test in by upper chamber 12 or lower cavity 13 hydrogen given off, avoid the waste of hydrogen.Upper chamber blow vent 25 and lower cavity blow vent 26 are provided with the displacement pipeline 18 being directly connected to argon bottle group 19, for carrying out gas displacement to upper chamber 12 or lower cavity 13.Upper chamber blow vent 25, lower cavity blow vent 26 are also connected with the air intake opening of vacuum pump 9.
Described upper chamber blow vent 25 place is provided with upper chamber flow control valve 10, and lower cavity blow vent 26 place is provided with the speed that lower cavity flow control valve 14, two valves are used for controlling to fill hydrogen, put hydrogen.Put hydrogen loop 6 to be provided with and to put hydrogen loop valve 3, the air intake opening place of vacuum pump 9 is provided with vacuum pump valve 8, and the exhaust ports of high pressure storage tank 5 is provided with high pressure storage tank outlet valve 16.The air intake opening place of the exhaust ports of described hydrogen cylinder group 1, the exhaust ports of argon bottle group 19, low pressure storage tank 2, displacement pipeline 18 are respectively equipped with valve A, valve B, valve C, valve D.
Described upper chamber blow vent 25, lower cavity blow vent 26 are also provided with blowdown piping, and are provided with emptying valve 7 for controlling.Also be provided with branch road between described upper chamber blow vent 25, lower cavity blow vent 26 for being communicated with, and branch road be provided with branch road valve 15; Namely the connecting pipeline through upper chamber flow control valve 10, branch road valve 15, lower cavity flow control valve 14 is provided with between upper chamber blow vent 25, lower cavity blow vent 26.Also be provided with branch road between the exhausr port of described hydrogen cylinder group 1, the exhausr port of argon bottle group 19 for being communicated with, and branch road be provided with valve E; The connecting pipeline through valve A, valve E, valve B is provided with between the exhausr port of the i.e. exhausr port of hydrogen cylinder group 1, argon bottle group 19, and the connecting pipeline between the air intake opening ensureing the exhausr port of hydrogen cylinder group 1, low pressure storage tank 2 is through valve A, valve C, the connecting pipeline between the exhausr port of argon bottle group 19, the air intake opening of low pressure storage tank 2 is through valve B, valve E, valve C.
Described control system module 17 is for testing the collection of pressure signal in cavity, high pressure storage tank 5, low pressure storage tank 2, and the operation of Pneumatic booster pump 4, vacuum pump 9 controls, and the valvular aperture of institute controls.
Utilize above-mentioned test unit, the main experimental kind that can complete comprises explosion bulge test, becomes hydrogen pressure torture test and constant hydrogen pressure torture test.The use of displacement tester 27 and strain detection testing device 28 is related in following test.Displacement tester 27 adopts linear variable difference transformer type (LVDT) displacement transducer.Strain detection testing device 28 adopts resistance strain plate.
Explosion bulge test is the pressure reduction continuing to increase with certain speed disk sample 23 upper and lower surface, until disk explosion, obtains corresponding burst pressure.As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the explosion bulge test method of testing based on described test unit specifically comprises the steps:
Steps A: be separated upper chamber 12 and lower cavity 13, after having installed disk sample 23, by upper chamber bolt 21 tight engagement upper chamber 12 and lower cavity 13, remove end cap 11, utilize the center cavity of upper chamber 12 to arrange displacement tester 27 and strain detection testing device 28 to disk sample 23;
Step B: take out the residual air in test unit and subsidiary pipeline with vacuum pump 9, until after vacuum tightness reaches setting value in system, uses Pneumatic booster pump 4 pairs of high pressure storage tanks 5 to carry out high pressure hydrogen and fills, until Hydrogen Vapor Pressure reaches setting value in high pressure storage tank 5;
Step C: reuse vacuum pump 9 pairs of lower cavity 13 and attached pipeline is evacuated to setting vacuum tightness, then close vacuum pump 9, branch road valve 15 is kept to close, open high pressure storage tank outlet valve 16 and lower cavity flow control valve 14, hydrogen in high pressure storage tank 5 is entered in lower cavity 13 with specific speed, until disk sample 23 explosion, then cuts off sources of hydrogen immediately, record burst pressure, and in process of the test the strain and displacement of recording disc sample 23;
Step D: after using argon gas to carry out several times displacement to the hydrogen in respective line by displacement pipeline 18, be separated upper chamber 12 and lower cavity 13, take out disk sample 23.
Becoming hydrogen pressure torture test is by only filling hydrogen and put hydrogen to apply cyclic loading to disk in the circulation of disk sample 23 side, after certain number of times repeatedly, disk breaks, and in the process, the Hydrogen Vapor Pressure suffered by disk sample 23 and its load of bearing are positively related.As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the change hydrogen pressure torture test method of testing based on described test unit specifically comprises the steps:
Step e: be separated upper chamber 12 and lower cavity 13, after having installed disk sample 23, by upper chamber bolt 21 tight engagement upper chamber 12 and lower cavity 13, remove end cap 11, utilize the center cavity of upper chamber 12 to arrange displacement tester 27 and strain detection testing device 28 to disk sample 23;
Step F: take out the residual air in test unit and subsidiary pipeline with vacuum pump 9, until after vacuum tightness reaches setting value in system, uses Pneumatic booster pump 4 pairs of high pressure storage tanks 5 to carry out high pressure hydrogen and fills, until Hydrogen Vapor Pressure reaches setting value in high pressure storage tank 5;
Step G: reuse vacuum pump 9 pairs of lower cavity 13 and attached pipeline is evacuated to setting vacuum tightness, then close vacuum pump 9, keep branch road valve 15, upper chamber flow control valve 10, put hydrogen loop valve 3 and emptying valve 7 is closed, open high pressure storage tank outlet valve 16 and lower cavity flow control valve 14, the hydrogen in high pressure storage tank 5 is made to enter in lower cavity 13 with specific speed, until after in lower cavity 13, pressure reaches the test pressure upper limit (the test pressure upper limit is less than the burst pressure of disk sample 23), close high pressure storage tank outlet valve 16, open branch road valve 15 and put hydrogen loop valve 3, make hydrogen discharge in lower cavity 13 in low pressure storage tank 2, when the pressure in lower cavity 13 reaches after test pressure lower limit, close branch road valve 15 and put hydrogen loop valve 3, then again open high pressure storage tank outlet valve 16 pairs of lower cavity 13 and fill hydrogen, repeatedly repeat above-mentionedly to fill hydrogen, put hydrogen process, until disk sample 23 destroys,
Step H: the fatigue life cycle of experience before recording disc sample 23 destroys, after using argon gas to carry out several times displacement to the hydrogen in respective line, is separated upper chamber 12 and lower cavity 13, takes out disk sample 23 by displacement pipeline 18.
The Hydrogen Vapor Pressure that in constant hydrogen pressure torture test process, disk sample 23 bears is constant, but its load generation circulation change of bearing.In the process, because ionic liquid 29 has completely cut off the contact of disk sample 23 upper surface and hydrogen, only the lower surface of disk sample 23 contacts with the hydrogen of constant pressure; The load that disk sample 23 bears changes along with the circulation change of Hydrogen Vapor Pressure in upper chamber 12.As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 4, the constant hydrogen pressure torture test method of testing based on described test unit specifically comprises the steps:
Step I: be separated upper chamber 12 and lower cavity 13, after having installed disk sample 23, by upper chamber bolt 21 tight engagement upper chamber 12 and lower cavity 13, pour on disk sample 23 top the ionic liquid 29 that the degree of depth is 5 ~ 10mm, then use bolt of cover 20 tight engagement end cap 11 and upper chamber 12;
Step J: take out the residual air in test unit and subsidiary pipeline with vacuum pump 9, until after vacuum tightness reaches setting value in system, uses Pneumatic booster pump 4 pairs of high pressure storage tanks 5 to carry out high pressure hydrogen and fills, until Hydrogen Vapor Pressure reaches setting value in high pressure storage tank 5;
Step K: reuse vacuum pump 9 pairs of upper chamber 12, lower cavity 13 and attached pipeline thereof carry out being evacuated to setting vacuum tightness, then close vacuum pump 9, keep branch road valve 15, upper chamber flow control valve 10, put hydrogen loop valve 3 and emptying valve 7 is closed, open high pressure storage tank outlet valve 16 and lower cavity flow control valve 14, the hydrogen in high pressure storage tank 5 is made to enter in lower cavity 13 with specific speed, until after in lower cavity 13, pressure reaches setting value, close lower cavity flow control valve 14, Hydrogen Vapor Pressure in lower cavity 13 is made to keep constant in whole process of the test,
Step L: open branch road valve 15 and upper chamber flow control valve 10, the hydrogen in high pressure storage tank 5 is made to enter in upper chamber 12 with specific speed, until after pressure reaches the set pressure upper limit, close branch road valve 15, open and put hydrogen loop valve 3, make hydrogen discharge in upper chamber 12 in low pressure storage tank 2, when the pressure in upper chamber 12 reaches after test pressure lower limit, hydrogen loop valve 3 is put in closedown, then again open branch road valve 15 pairs of upper chamber 12 and fill hydrogen, repeatedly repeat above-mentionedly to fill hydrogen to upper chamber 12, put hydrogen process, until disk sample 23 destroys,
Step M: the fatigue life cycle of experience before recording disc sample 23 destroys, after using argon gas to carry out several times displacement to the hydrogen in respective line, is separated upper chamber 12 and lower cavity 13, takes out disk sample 23 by displacement pipeline 18.
In above-mentioned method of testing, the result becoming hydrogen pressure torture test and constant hydrogen pressure torture test has larger difference, and two kinds of tests have each self-corresponding application operating mode.When contacting with high pressure hydrogen, the burst pressure of disk sample 23 can decrease compare other situations with fatigue lifetime under, and this is because the damage of hydrogen to material causes.Based on above-mentioned test unit and method of testing, can obtain burst pressure and the fatigue lifetime of hydrogen gas environment lower disc sample 23, above-mentioned data can be used to the compatibility of evaluating material and high pressure hydrogen environment.
In the present invention, utilize the method that the pressure reduction of disk sample 23 upper and lower surface comes its imposed load, avoid complicated servo test mechanism, weight of equipment, volume greatly reduce, and cost reduces, easy and simple to handle, and test efficiency improves, and in test, hydrogen consumption is few; Avoid in device and use high pressure dynamic sealing element, the probability that hydrogen occurs to leak can be reduced, improve reliability and the security of device; In process of the test, the parameters such as the strain and displacement of disk sample 23 can be measured easily, and corresponding testing element is not by the impact of high pressure hydrogen.As traditional material and the hydrogen compatibility test device of proposition in patent [201110259252.2], only servo control mechanism adds that supporting oil supply system just weighs several tons, equipment height overall is usually more than 4 meters, hydrogen gas environment case also reaches several tons of weights usually, equipment investment reaches millions of unit, and each operation needs more than 2 people, before each test, preliminary work was more than 5 hours, its hydrogen gas environment case internal volume is usually more than 10L, test hydrogen-consuming volume is large, easily there is hydrogen gas leakage in equipment motive seal place, and the testing element signals such as strain easily affect by high pressure hydrogen.Contrastingly multi-functional pressure differential High Pressure Hydrogen and compatibility tests device are without the need to the auxiliary facility of complexity, and the diameter of main member test cavity is 150 ~ 200mm, be highly 200 ~ 250mm, test cavity body weight about 50 kilograms, cost can significantly reduce, and device is easy and simple to handle; The internal volume of test cavity is about 50mL, and it is little that test expends amounts of hydrogen, and the parameter requirements of corresponding air supply system also can reduce; All seal elements in device are all static seal O type circle 22, not easily hydrogen gas leakage occur, and the displacement tester 27 in device and strain detection testing device 28 are isolated with high pressure hydrogen, signal stabilization.
Finally, it should be noted that above what enumerate is only specific embodiments of the invention.Obviously, the present invention discloses as above with better case study on implementation, but and be not used to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, do not departing within the scope of technical solution of the present invention, making some when the structure and technology contents that can utilize above-mentioned announcement and change or amendment and become the equivalent case study on implementation of equivalent variations.The gas that such as the present invention does not limit in test cavity is high pressure hydrogen, is equally applicable to the compatibility tests under the gaseous environments such as high pressure of hydrogen sulfide gas, high pressure hydrogen and rock gas combination gas.Every content not departing from technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification done above case study on implementation according to technical spirit of the present invention, equivalent variations and modification, all still belong within the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the explosion bulge test method of testing of multi-functional pressure differential High Pressure Hydrogen and material compatibility, it is characterized in that, based on the test unit of multi-functional pressure differential High Pressure Hydrogen and material compatibility, under high pressure hydrogen environment, carry out Mechanics Performance Testing to disk sample, described explosion bulge test method of testing specifically comprises the steps:
Steps A: be separated upper chamber and lower cavity, after having installed disk sample, by upper chamber bolt tight engagement upper chamber and lower cavity, remove end cap, utilize the center cavity of upper chamber to arrange displacement tester and strain detection testing device to disk sample;
Step B: take out the residual air in test unit and subsidiary pipeline with vacuum pump, until after vacuum tightness reaches setting value in system, uses Pneumatic booster pump to carry out high pressure hydrogen to high pressure storage tank and fills, until Hydrogen Vapor Pressure reaches setting value in high pressure storage tank;
Step C: reuse vacuum pump to lower cavity and attached pipeline thereof be evacuated to setting vacuum tightness after, close vacuum pump, the hydrogen in high pressure storage tank is made to enter in lower cavity with specific speed by lower cavity flow control valve, until the explosion of disk sample, cut off sources of hydrogen, record burst pressure, and in process of the test the strain and displacement of recording disc sample;
Step D: after using argon gas to replace at least one times the hydrogen in test cavity and pipeline, be separated upper chamber and lower cavity, take out disk sample.
2. the change hydrogen pressure torture test method of testing of multi-functional pressure differential High Pressure Hydrogen and material compatibility, it is characterized in that, based on the test unit of multi-functional pressure differential High Pressure Hydrogen and material compatibility, under high pressure hydrogen environment, carry out Mechanics Performance Testing to disk sample, described change hydrogen pressure torture test method of testing specifically comprises the steps:
Step e: be separated upper chamber and lower cavity, after having installed disk sample, by upper chamber bolt tight engagement upper chamber and lower cavity, remove end cap, utilize the center cavity of upper chamber to arrange displacement tester and strain detection testing device to disk sample;
Step F: take out the residual air in test unit and subsidiary pipeline with vacuum pump, until after vacuum tightness reaches setting value in system, uses Pneumatic booster pump to carry out high pressure hydrogen to high pressure storage tank and fills, until Hydrogen Vapor Pressure reaches setting value in high pressure storage tank;
Step G: reuse vacuum pump to lower cavity and attached pipeline thereof be evacuated to setting vacuum tightness after, close vacuum pump, the hydrogen in high pressure storage tank is made to enter in lower cavity with specific speed by lower cavity flow control valve, until after pressure reaches the test pressure upper limit, stop filling hydrogen, then by the hydrogen discharge in lower cavity to low pressure storage tank, after bottom cavity internal pressure reaches test pressure lower limit, stop putting hydrogen, repeat continuously subsequently above-mentionedly to fill hydrogen, put hydrogen process, until disk sample destroys;
Step H: the fatigue life cycle of experience before recording disc sample destroys, after using argon gas to replace at least one times the hydrogen in test cavity and pipeline, is separated upper chamber and lower cavity, takes out disk sample.
3. the constant hydrogen pressure torture test method of testing of multi-functional pressure differential High Pressure Hydrogen and material compatibility, it is characterized in that, based on the test unit of multi-functional pressure differential High Pressure Hydrogen and material compatibility, under high pressure hydrogen environment, carry out Mechanics Performance Testing to disk sample, described constant hydrogen pressure torture test method of testing specifically comprises the steps:
Step I: be separated upper chamber and lower cavity, after having installed disk sample, by upper chamber bolt tight engagement upper chamber and lower cavity, filling with the degree of depth on disk sample top is the ionic liquid of 5 ~ 10mm, then uses bolt of cover tight engagement end cap and upper chamber;
Step J: take out the residual air in test unit and subsidiary pipeline with vacuum pump, until after vacuum tightness reaches setting value in system, uses Pneumatic booster pump to carry out high pressure hydrogen to high pressure storage tank and fills, until Hydrogen Vapor Pressure reaches setting value in high pressure storage tank;
Step K: reuse vacuum pump and setting vacuum tightness is evacuated to upper chamber, lower cavity and attached pipeline thereof, then close vacuum pump, the hydrogen in high pressure storage tank is made to enter in lower cavity with specific speed by lower cavity flow control valve, until after pressure reaches setting value, stop filling hydrogen, close lower cavity flow control valve, make Hydrogen Vapor Pressure in lower cavity keep constant in whole process of the test;
Step L: make the hydrogen in high pressure storage tank enter in upper chamber with specific speed by upper chamber flow control valve, until after pressure reaches the set pressure upper limit, stop filling hydrogen, then by the hydrogen discharge in upper chamber to low pressure storage tank, when pressure in upper chamber reaches after set pressure lower limit, stop putting hydrogen, repeat continuously subsequently above-mentionedly to fill hydrogen, put hydrogen process, until disk sample destroys;
Step M: the fatigue life cycle of experience before recording disc sample destroys, after using argon gas to replace at least one times the hydrogen in test cavity and pipeline, is separated upper chamber and lower cavity, takes out disk sample.
4. the method for testing according to claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that, the thickness of described disk sample is 0.5 ~ 2mm, disk sample adopts plane disk sample or straw hat shape disk sample, straw hat shape disk sample refers to the disk sample of intermediate projections, edge plane, and ensures that the diameter of intermediate projections structure is not more than the interior diameter of pressure ring in the test unit of multi-functional pressure differential High Pressure Hydrogen and material compatibility.
5. the method for testing according to claims 1 to 3 any one, is characterized in that, described displacement tester adopts linear variable difference transformer type displacement transducer.
6. the method for testing according to claims 1 to 3 any one, is characterized in that, described strain detection testing device adopts resistance strain plate.
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