CN104875764B - A kind of noise elimination wind conduit and rail vehicle - Google Patents

A kind of noise elimination wind conduit and rail vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104875764B
CN104875764B CN201510306256.XA CN201510306256A CN104875764B CN 104875764 B CN104875764 B CN 104875764B CN 201510306256 A CN201510306256 A CN 201510306256A CN 104875764 B CN104875764 B CN 104875764B
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air channel
air
deflector
noise elimination
channel body
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CN104875764A (en
Inventor
于大伟
刘振环
***
王冰松
刘效宙
姜皓沥
杨晓艳
赵涟皞
程建峰
陶桂东
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CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
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CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61DBODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of noise elimination wind conduit and rail vehicle, including air channel body, air intake vent and exhaust outlet are set on the air channel body, multiple deflectors and acoustical panel are set between the air intake vent and exhaust outlet, at least one set of perforated plate is each provided with the both sides of the air channel body, every group includes one or two perforated plate, and the centerline parallel of perforated plate and air channel body is set, and has noise elimination cavity in the leeward side of each perforated plate.Overall structure of the present invention is simple, easy for installation, and air channel interior air-flow path is redesigned, the aerodynamic noise in air channel is effectively reduced by the setting of deflector and acoustical panel.And the both sides also in air channel in addition to deflector and acoustical panel set perforated plate further to reduce the aerodynamic noise in air channel, effectively abate the noise up to more than 14dB (A).

Description

A kind of noise elimination wind conduit and rail vehicle
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of air channel structure, more particularly to one kind is used on the rail vehicle, with rail vehicle air conditioning unit The noise elimination wind conduit of air outlet connection and the rail vehicle for being provided with the noise elimination wind conduit, belong to rail vehicle manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
EMU requires higher, it is necessary to which effective control, car are made in the transmission to row internal car noise to train comfortableness Ventilation and air conditioning system produce noise be one of Main Noise Sources in air-conditioned train room, it is mainly derived from two sides Face, one is that the noise that air-conditioner set is produced passes through the incoming air channel of air-conditioning duct entrance;Two be pneumatic the making an uproar of air channel interior air-flow generation Sound, especially because the air outlet wind speed of air-conditioner set is higher, and air outlet size is much smaller compared with air channel so that at air outlet Noise is maximum, accordingly, it would be desirable to which effective noise control is made in pair first section air channel being connected with air-conditioner set air outlet.
The content of the invention
Present invention is primarily aimed at solving the above problems with not enough there is provided one kind is simple in construction, noise can be effectively reduced Noise elimination wind conduit, while also providing a kind of rail vehicle for being provided with the noise elimination wind conduit.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that:
A kind of noise elimination wind conduit, including air channel body, set air intake vent and exhaust outlet, in the air intake vent on the air channel body Multiple deflectors and acoustical panel are set between exhaust outlet, at least one set of perforated plate is each provided with the both sides of the air channel body, Every group includes one or two perforated plate, and the centerline parallel of perforated plate and air channel body is set, in the leeward of each perforated plate Side has noise elimination cavity.
Further, every group includes two perforated plates, wherein the percent opening towards the perforated plate of the external side in air channel is more than direction The percent opening of air channel center side perforated plate.
Further, the side wall of the air channel body protrudes a protuberance laterally, the cavity conduct surrounded by the protuberance Noise elimination cavity.
Further, be arranged radially many are set gradually along gas flow direction between the air intake vent and exhaust outlet Gas flow path is formed between individual deflector and multiple acoustical panels arranged in parallel, the deflector and between acoustical panel.
Further, the quantity of the deflector and the quantity of acoustical panel are identical and be oppositely arranged, the deflector with it is relative The acoustical panel answered connects and composes a conjuncted structure.
Further, the deflector is provided separately with acoustical panel, and the deflector is divided into multiple rows of along gas flow direction Set.
Further, the interlaced setting of multiple deflectors between multiple rows of deflector.
Further, the deflector and/or acoustical panel are metallic plate, and the first sound absorber is pasted in the two sides of metallic plate, One layer of first cover is covered on the outer surface of first sound absorber;Or the deflector and/or noise reduction version are rushed by surface The metal shell in hole and the sound-absorbing core composition filled in shell.
Further, paste one layer of heat preservation material in the outside of the air channel body, the air channel body bottom wall and thermal insulating material it Between be provided with damping paster.
The present invention another technical scheme be:
A kind of rail vehicle, is provided with air-conditioner set, and described noise reduction is provided with the air outlet of the air-conditioner set Air channel.
To sum up content, a kind of noise elimination wind conduit and rail vehicle of the present invention, noise elimination wind conduit overall structure is simple, peace Dress is convenient, and air channel interior air-flow path is redesigned, and by deflector, acoustical panel and is arranged on the perforation of air channel both sides Aerodynamic noise in plate reduction air channel, can effectively abate the noise up to more than 14dB (A).In addition, bottom wall of the present invention in air channel body Damping paster is also set up with thermal insulating material, the vibrating noise of air channel body is also effectively reduced while aerodynamic noise is reduced.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 A-A sectional views;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention two;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention three;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention four;
Fig. 6 is Fig. 5 B-B sectional views;
Fig. 7 is Fig. 5 C-C sectional views.
As shown in Figures 1 to 7, air channel body 1, air intake vent 2, exhaust outlet 3, mounting flange 4, deflector 5, acoustical panel 6, aluminium sheet 7, the first sound absorber 8, noise elimination cavity 9, noise elimination cavity 10, perforated plate 11, the second sound absorber 12, the first cover 13, the second cover 14, thermal insulating material 15 damps paster 16, and shell 17, sound-absorbing core 18, side road 19 against the wind, branch air duct 20, branch deflector 21 is eliminated the noise Cavity 22, noise elimination cavity 23.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of noise elimination wind conduit that the present invention is provided, installed in the air outlet (figure of vehicle top air conditioner unit Not shown in) place, the noise elimination wind conduit is the first section air channel being connected with air-conditioner set.
Embodiment one:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the present embodiment noise elimination wind conduit includes air channel body 1, and air channel body 1 is arranged on Railway vehicle car roof In space above plate, the cross section of air channel body 1 is rectangle, in order to mitigate weight, can be using material systems such as aluminium sheet, fiberglass Into.Air intake vent 2 and exhaust outlet 3 are set on air channel body 1, and air intake vent 2 and exhaust outlet 3 are separately positioned on front and rear the two of air channel body 1 End, is respectively arranged with mounting flange 4 at air intake vent 2 and exhaust outlet 3, and air intake vent 2 is gone out by mounting flange 4 and air-conditioner set Air port is connected, and exhaust outlet 3 is connected by mounting flange 4 with the end in next section air channel.
By the analysis to air channel structure pressure field and velocity field, it can be found that there is larger pressure in the front end in air channel Pulsation, while wind speed is changed greatly.So, it is main when carrying out air channel improvement to be pulsed and reduction wind speed with reducing duct pressure Based on acute variation.Therefore, in the present embodiment, the inside of body 1 in air channel, along gas flowing side between air intake vent 2 and exhaust outlet 3 To setting gradually multiple deflectors 5 and multiple acoustical panels 6.Wherein, multiple deflectors 5 are set with air intake vent 2 for starting point is radial Put, the distance between outermost two deflectors 5 are less than the width of air intake vent 2, multiple acoustical panels 6 are along the width side of air channel body 1 To arranged in parallel, gas flow path is formed between deflector 5 and between acoustical panel 6.Air after air-conditioner set is handled Enter from air intake vent 2 inside air channel body 1, air is divided into multiple streams to the side of acoustical panel 6 under the guiding of multiple deflectors 5 Flowed to flowing, then along the gas flow path between acoustical panel 6 to the direction of exhaust outlet 3, by changing to air channel interior air-flow flow field Become to reduce the aerodynamic noise in flow field, while during flowing, by deflector 5 and acoustical panel with sound deadening 6, reach the effect that aerodynamic noise is greatly reduced.
The setting quantity of deflector 5 and acoustical panel 6 is designed according to the width of air channel body 1, in the present embodiment, sets three Spacing between deflector 5 and three acoustical panels 6, three acoustical panels 6 is 300mm, and deflector 5 connects with corresponding acoustical panel 6 One conjuncted structure of composition is connect, middle deflector 5 is arranged on the middle of air channel body 1, both sides after being joined together with acoustical panel 6 Deflector 5 be in the symmetrical tilting both sides in middle deflector 5, inclination of the deflector 5 relative to middle deflector 5 of both sides Angle is preferably 10-15 °, can so make in flow field to be not in the larger region of change value of pressure, also be not in larger Speed is separated preferably, and makes overall structure more simple with the larger region of Turbulent Kinetic, erasure effect, installs also more square Just.
In the present embodiment, deflector 5 and acoustical panel 6 are metallic plate, it is preferred to use aluminium sheet 7, and in the two sides of aluminium sheet 7 One layer of first sound absorber 8 is pasted with, the processing of bound edge is done in the windward side and end of the first sound absorber 8 using arc aluminum plate. First sound absorber 8 is preferred to use the polyester fiber acoustical cotton not absorbed water, and air is when flowing through deflector 5 and acoustical panel 6, and polyester is fine Tie up the aerodynamic noise that acoustical cotton can be produced in further absorption air flow process.
When flowing through polyester fiber acoustical cotton in order to avoid air, the debris such as cotton-wool are brought to compartment, vehicle environment is influenceed Air quality, the present embodiment sets one layer of first cover 13 again in the lateral surface of polyester fiber acoustical cotton, and the first cover 13 is By what is woven with the material of the same material of the first sound absorber 8, the first cover 13 also functions to certain sound deadening, while first Cover 13 is because be that braiding is made, and polyester fiber acoustical cotton is covered in it, and the debris such as cotton-wool will not enter air channel with air-flow The inside of body 1, while polyester fiber acoustical cotton can also be avoided to absorb the moisture content in air-flow.
In order to more greatly eliminate the aerodynamic noise in air channel, in air channel, the both sides for the wind chamber that body 1 is surrounded also are set respectively One group of perforated plate 11 is equipped with, perforated plate 11 is a kind of silencer, aerodynamic noise can be eliminated in wider frequency band range, due to wearing The sound absorption frequency selectivity of orifice plate resonance sound-absorbing structure is very strong, and sound absorption frequency is very narrow, and preferably every group of the present embodiment, which is used, to be had not With two layers perforated plate 11a and 11b of percent opening, horizontally-parallel settings of two layers of perforated plate 11a and 11b along air channel body 1, and and wind The centerline parallel of road body 1, so that sound sucting band is broadening, the width range of sound sucting band can be between 0-1400Hz, completely Meet the bandwidth requirements for absorbing air-conditioning duct aerodynamic noise.
Wherein, perforated plate 11a is located at the outside of air channel body 1, and perforated plate 11b is located towards the side at the center of air channel body 1, two There is a noise elimination cavity 9 between layer perforated plate 11a and 11b, positioned at the perforated plate 11a of the outside side of air channel body 1 leeward side tool There is a noise elimination cavity 10.In the present embodiment, in order to avoid taking the space of the wind chamber of air channel body 1, the side walls of the both sides of air channel body 1 it is each to Outer protrusion, forms a protuberance, the cavity that the protuberance is surrounded is i.e. as noise elimination cavity 10, and perforated plate 11a and 11b are installed on this Between the main air cavity of protuberance and air channel body 1.The width of noise elimination cavity 9 and noise elimination cavity 10 is according to perforated plate 11a and 11b thickness Degree, aperture and percent opening are relevant, and in the present embodiment, the width of noise elimination cavity 9 is preferably 20-50mm, the width of noise elimination cavity 10 Preferably 20-100mm.In addition, the open pore size of perforated plate 11 is smaller, acoustically effective is better, and percent opening is bigger, and high frequency is sound absorption properties Can be better, in the present embodiment, preferably perforated plate 11a percent opening is more than perforated plate 11b percent opening, and perforated plate 11a uses 1mm Thick aluminium sheet, percent opening is 1%, and bore dia is 1mm, and perforated plate 11b is using aluminium sheet thick 1mm, and percent opening is 0.5%, Kong Zhi Footpath is 1mm, and the width of noise elimination cavity 9 is 50mm, and the width of noise elimination cavity 10 is 100mm, and perforated plate 11a and 11b is along air channel body 1 Longitudinal length it is elongated set, in order that guest room air delivery duct noise figure be less than 65dB (A), the length of noise elimination wind conduit should not be small In 1.785m.
When gas flows through the noise elimination wind conduit, deflector 5, acoustical panel 6 and four perforated plates 11 are common to air-flow progress noise reduction Noise reduction, can effectively abate the noise up to more than 14dB (A), and the width range of sound sucting band can be between 0-1400Hz, pole The earth meets the requirement of vehicle riding comfort.
The bottom of deflector 5, acoustical panel 6 and microperforated panel 11 is fixed on the bottom wall of air channel body 1, and top is fixed on air channel On the roof of body 1, while water conservancy diversion noise reduction, certain supporting role is also played to air channel body 1.
For further absorbing sound and lowering noise, one layer of second sound absorber is pasted on the bottom wall of air channel body 1 and the inner side of roof 12, the second sound absorber 12 is preferred to use the polyester fiber acoustical cotton not absorbed water, and air is when flowing through, and the second sound absorber 12 can enter one Walk the aerodynamic noise produced by absorption air flow process.In air channel, the bottom wall of body 1 and roof surrounding are also provided with turned-out Arc bound edge, the second sound absorber 12 is fixed in the bound edge of surrounding.
One layer of second cover 14 is covered on the outer surface of the second sound absorber 12, the second cover 14 uses aluminium foil, in aluminium foil On be provided with some apertures, reduce flowing resistance while play a part of sound-absorbing.Second cover 14 can also be such as the first cover As 13, using by what is woven with the material of the same material of the second sound absorber 12, the second cover 14 also functions to certain noise reduction Effect, while the second cover 14 is because be that braiding is made, and polyester fiber acoustical cotton is covered in it, the debris such as cotton-wool will not be with Air-flow enters the inside of air channel body 1.
Because the speed air flow from the submitting of the air outlet of air-conditioner set is very fast, air-flow when flowing through air channel body 1 not only Aerodynamic noise can be produced, while will also result in trembling for air channel thin-walled, larger vibration noise is produced.Made an uproar to eliminate the vibration Sound, further to improve in the erasure effect of the noise elimination wind conduit, the present embodiment, between the bottom wall of air channel body 1 and thermal insulating material 15 also One layer of damping paster 16 is provided with, wherein thermal insulating material 15 is in order to which the air reduced after treatment is produced during duct flows Give birth to loss of refrigeration capacity and be pasted onto on the surrounding outer wall of air channel body 1, damping paster 16 can be avoided in air flow and air channel Body 1 produces resonance, and then eliminates noise.
Embodiment two:
As shown in figure 3, being with the difference of embodiment one, in air channel, the both sides for the wind chamber that body 1 is surrounded respectively set one group Perforated plate 11, every group of only one of which perforated plate 11c, perforated plate 11c outside has noise elimination cavity 22, and perforated plate 11c is arranged on The inside of air channel body 1, noise elimination cavity 22 is surrounded by perforated plate 11c and the side wall of air channel body 1, and the width of noise elimination cavity 22 is 20- 100mm, such as may be selected 20mm, 40mm, 50mm, perforated plate 11c is using aluminium sheet thick 1mm, and percent opening is 1%, and bore dia is 1mm, or perforated plate 11c, using aluminium sheet thick 1mm, percent opening is 0.5%, and bore dia is 1mm.
Embodiment three:
As shown in figure 4, being that the both sides of body 1 are additionally provided with side in air channel with embodiment one and the difference of embodiment two Road 19, are connected between air channel body 1 and side against the wind road 19 by multiple branch air ducts 20 against the wind.
In air channel, the both sides of body 1 respectively set two groups of perforated plates 11, and every group has a perforated plate 11d, perforated plate 11d outside With noise elimination cavity 23, four perforated plate 11d of the both sides of air channel body 1 are arranged on the inside of air channel body 1, and noise elimination cavity 23 is by perforating Plate 11d and the side wall of air channel body 1 are surrounded, and two perforated plate 11ds of the air channel body 1 per side set up separately in the both sides of branch air duct 20, concede branch The air inlet in air channel 20, a curved branch deflector 21 is also set up in the air inlet of branch air duct 20, and branch deflector 21 will enter Enter the air-flow inside air channel body 1 and separate side road 19 against the wind that two-way enters both sides respectively through the branch air duct 20 of both sides.Branch water conservancy diversion Plate 21 can use perforated plate, it would however also be possible to employ aluminium sheet, and one layer of sound absorber of stickup on the outside of aluminium sheet, or use holes punched on surface Metal shell and dose the structure of sound-absorbing core wherein.
In order that noise elimination wind conduit obtains more preferable noise reduction, the air inlet of branch air duct 20 should be arranged far from air channel body 1 The place of air intake vent 2.
The every group of perforated plate 11 set in the both sides of branch air duct 20 identical with embodiment one parallel can also be worn including two Orifice plate (not shown), each outwardly part for forming a protrusion respectively of the side wall of air channel body 1 of the both sides of branch air duct 20, protrusion Part be used as noise elimination wind chamber.
Example IV:
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, between the inside of air channel body 1, air intake vent 2 and exhaust outlet 3 along gas flow direction successively Multiple deflectors 5 and multiple acoustical panels 6 are set.Wherein, multiple deflectors 5 are arranged radially with air intake vent 2 for starting point, outermost The distance between two deflectors 5 of side are less than the width of air intake vent 2, and multiple acoustical panels 6 are mutually put down along the width of air channel body 1 Row is set, and gas flow path is formed between deflector 5 and between acoustical panel 6.
It is with the difference of embodiment one, in the present embodiment, deflector 5 is provided separately with acoustical panel 6, and deflector 5 Be divided into multiple rows of setting, it is preferred to use front two rows deflector 5 is set along gas flow direction, often row sets four deflectors 5, disappears Soundboard 6 is three, and the deflectors 5 of both sides is 10-15 °, eight of front two rows relative to the angle of inclination of the center line of air channel body 1 It is interlaced between deflector 5 to set, and the bottom of heel row deflector 5 and the top of next front-seat deflector 5 are in a level On line, the top of the bottom of front-seat deflector 5 and next heel row deflector 5 is on a horizontal line, and so, air is flowing through During front two rows deflector 5, air-flow can press curvilinear flow between deflector 5 staggeredly, and the measure of wind speed is dropped by flow-disturbing, rise To the effect of noise reduction.
Air after air-conditioner set is handled enters inside air channel body 1 from air intake vent 2, in eight deflectors of front two rows Air is divided into multiple streams in the presence of 5 to flow to the direction of acoustical panel 6, then flowed by acoustical panel 6 to the direction of exhaust outlet 3 It is dynamic, during flowing, by deflector 5 and acoustical panel 6 with sound deadening, reach the effect of reduction noise.
In the present embodiment, the structure of acoustical panel 6 is identical with embodiment one, using metallic plate, and is preferred to use aluminium sheet 7, The two sides of aluminium sheet 7 are pasted with one layer of first sound absorber 8, and the first sound absorber 8 is preferred to use the polyester fiber sound-absorbing not absorbed water Cotton, air is when flowing through deflector 5 and acoustical panel 6, the gas produced by polyester fiber acoustical cotton meeting absorption air flow process Moving noise.Turned-out arc bound edge is set in the surrounding of aluminium sheet 7, the first sound absorber 8 is fixed in the bound edge of the surrounding of aluminium sheet 7.
When flowing through polyester fiber acoustical cotton in order to avoid air, the debris such as cotton-wool are brought to compartment, vehicle environment is influenceed Air quality, the present embodiment sets one layer of first cover 13 again in the lateral surface of polyester fiber acoustical cotton, and the first cover 13 is By what is woven with the material of the same material of the first sound absorber 8, the first cover 13 also functions to certain sound deadening, while first Cover 13 is because be that braiding is made, and polyester fiber acoustical cotton is covered in it, and the debris such as cotton-wool will not enter air channel with air-flow The inside of body 1.
As shown in fig. 7, deflector 5 is then using the sound-absorbing core filled by the metal shell 17 of holes punched on surface and in shell The structure of 18 compositions.
One layer of second sound absorber 12 is pasted on the bottom wall of air channel body 1 and the inner side of side wall, the second sound absorber 12 is preferred Using the polyester fiber acoustical cotton not absorbed water, air is when flowing through, and the second sound absorber 12 can further absorption air flow process In produced by aerodynamic noise.In air channel, the bottom wall of body 1 and roof surrounding are also provided with turned-out arc bound edge, the second sound absorber 12 fix in the bound edge of surrounding.
One layer of second cover 14 is covered on the outer surface of the second sound absorber 12, the second cover 14 uses aluminium foil, in aluminium foil On be provided with some apertures, reduce flowing resistance while play a part of sound-absorbing.Second cover 14 can also be such as the first cover As 13, using by what is woven with the material of the same material of the second sound absorber 12, the second cover 14 also functions to certain noise reduction Effect, while the second cover 14 is because be that braiding is made, and polyester fiber acoustical cotton is covered in it, the debris such as cotton-wool will not be with Air-flow enters the inside of air channel body 1.
In the present embodiment, one layer of damping paster 16 is similarly provided between the bottom wall of air channel body 1 and thermal insulating material 15, to keep away Exempt to produce resonance with air channel body 1 in air flow, and then eliminate noise.The both sides of body 1 in air channel, it would however also be possible to employ with implementation The structure of two layers of perforated plate of the identical of example one to four and individual layer perforated plate.
As described above, the plan content with reference to given by accompanying drawing, can derive similar technical scheme.In every case it is not de- From the content of technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification made according to technical spirit of the invention to above example, etc. With change and modification, in the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of noise elimination wind conduit, including air channel body, set air intake vent and exhaust outlet on the air channel body, it is characterised in that: Set gradually radial multiple deflectors along gas flow direction between the air intake vent and exhaust outlet and be parallel to each other and set Gas flow path is formed between the multiple acoustical panels put, the deflector and between acoustical panel, the deflector and acoustical panel are separated Set, and the deflector is divided into the deflector phase between multiple rows of setting, deflector described in adjacent two row along gas flow direction Mutually it is staggered, two layers different of perforated plate of percent opening, perforated plate and air channel body is each provided with the both sides of the air channel body Centerline parallel is set, and has noise elimination cavity in the leeward side of every layer of perforated plate.
2. a kind of noise elimination wind conduit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Towards the perforate of the perforated plate of the external side in air channel Rate is more than the percent opening towards air channel center side perforated plate.
3. a kind of noise elimination wind conduit according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:The side wall of the air channel body is convex laterally Go out a protuberance, the cavity surrounded by the protuberance is as noise elimination cavity.
4. a kind of noise elimination wind conduit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The deflector and/or acoustical panel are metal Plate, pastes the first sound absorber in the two sides of metallic plate, one layer of first cover is covered on the outer surface of first sound absorber; Or the sound-absorbing core that the deflector and/or acoustical panel are filled by the metal shell of holes punched on surface and in shell is constituted.
5. a kind of noise elimination wind conduit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:One layer of guarantor is pasted in the outside of the air channel body Wen Cai, damping paster is provided between the bottom wall and thermal insulating material of the air channel body.
6. a kind of rail vehicle, is provided with air-conditioner set, it is characterised in that:At the air outlet of the air-conditioner set install just like Noise elimination wind conduit described in claim any one of 1-5.
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