CN104875756B - A kind of coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism and hopper wagon - Google Patents
A kind of coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism and hopper wagon Download PDFInfo
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- CN104875756B CN104875756B CN201510319189.5A CN201510319189A CN104875756B CN 104875756 B CN104875756 B CN 104875756B CN 201510319189 A CN201510319189 A CN 201510319189A CN 104875756 B CN104875756 B CN 104875756B
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- bottom door
- pin joint
- connecting rod
- side bottom
- driving link
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D7/00—Hopper cars
- B61D7/14—Adaptations of hopper elements to railways
- B61D7/16—Closure elements for discharge openings
- B61D7/24—Opening or closing means
- B61D7/26—Opening or closing means mechanical
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- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism and hopper wagon, belong to railway hopper car technical field.Each bottom door has the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door respectively, first side bottom door and the second side bottom door realize unlatching by being stood up to both sides, first side bottom door and the second mutual pairing of side bottom door are made by the action reverse with unlatching and closing is realized, it is characterized in that, including telescopic driving link, connecting rod type transmission mechanism, connecting rod type transmission mechanism includes first connecting rod and second connecting rod, is hinged between first connecting rod and second connecting rod.The hopper wagon includes the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism.Coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism and hopper wagon can control being turned on or off for multiple bottom doors simultaneously, control system is simple on the basis of only one telescopic driving link by connecting rod type transmission mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to railway hopper car technical field, more particularly to a kind of coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism and hopper wagon.
Background technology
Hopper wagon is bottom unloading vehicle, is mainly used in transporting loose goods, after vehicle is arrived at, opening is arranged on
The bottom door of car bottom, unloads loose goods by goods self gravitation.Bottom door opening and closing mechanism makes guarantee hopper wagon normally unload
The critical component of goods, it should easy to operate, performance it is stable, again with corresponding auto-lock function and security, it is to avoid vehicle
Bottom door is opened accidentally in running, or bottom door can not be normally-open in unloading.
Early stage bottom door opening-closing mechanism for railroad hopper wagon is substantially using top locking-type switching mechanism, and its mechanism is complicated, transmission
Efficiency is low, inconvenient operation, and larger, maintenance cost of conducting oneself with dignity is high, maloperation easily occurs, in train stop off, bottom door
Easily artificially opened, safety is run to vehicle and cargo security constitutes very big threat.
Authorization Notice No. discloses a kind of two-stage self-locking railway for the U of CN 201530385 Chinese utility model patent
Hopper wagon bottom door switching mechanism, Authorization Notice No. discloses a kind of railway for the U of CN 201553148 Chinese utility model patent
Hopper wagon bottom door switching mechanism air-control device, it proposes a kind of two-stage self-locking double leval jib bottom door opening and closing mechanism, passed through respectively
Linkage crosses dead point and realizes one-level locking, and the cylinder with auto-lock function realizes two grades of self-lockings, which solves early stage bottom door opening and closing
Mechanism complexity, low transmission efficiency, inconvenient operation, the low shortcoming of security, with certain advantage, still, its each pair bottom door
It is respectively necessary for being driven by a reservoir, when vehicle sets many set bottom doors, it is necessary to which multiple reservoirs, control system is more complicated.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism and hopper wagon, and main purpose is offer one
Plant only by a driving link and transmission mechanism with matching, and realize what many bottom door coordinated types actions were opened or closed
Bottom door opening and closing mechanism and the hopper wagon with the bottom door opening and closing mechanism, it can mitigate control system burden simultaneously, so that more
Suitable for practicality.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention generally provides following technical scheme：
The invention provides a kind of coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism, each bottom door has the first side bottom door and the respectively
Two side bottom doors, first side bottom door and the second side bottom door realize unlatching by being stood up to both sides, by with opening reversely
Action makes first side bottom door and the second mutual pairing of side bottom door and realizes closing, and the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism includes
Telescopic driving link, connecting rod type transmission mechanism, the connecting rod type transmission mechanism includes first connecting rod and second connecting rod, described first
It is hinged between connecting rod and second connecting rod,
The free end of the telescopic driving link is articulated with the free end of the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod with it is each
Pin joint is respectively provided between the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door of bottom door,
During the telescopic driving link does stretching motion, the driving link drives the first connecting rod with them
Between pin joint do rotate counterclockwise for pivot, drive the second connecting rod motion, the second connecting rod further leads to
Cross its pin joint between the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door of each bottom door and active force is transferred to the of each bottom door
Side bottom door and the second side bottom door so that the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door of each bottom door are using its respective pin joint as rotation
Turn center to stand up to both sides respectively and realize unlatching；
During the telescopic driving link does shortening motion, the driving link drives the first connecting rod with them
Between pin joint turn clockwise for pivot, drive the second connecting rod motion, the second connecting rod further leads to
Cross its pin joint between the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door of each bottom door and active force is transferred to the of each bottom door
Side bottom door and the second side bottom door so that the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door of each bottom door are using its respective pin joint as rotation
Turn the mutual pairing in center and realize closing.
The hopper wagon that the present invention is provided includes the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the present invention is provided.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems can be also applied to the following technical measures to achieve further.
Preferably, the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism also includes closing piece, the closing piece is articulated with the telescopic original
Free remaining part is provided with the pin joint of the fixing end of moving part, the first connecting rod and the telescopic driving link,
When the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door of each bottom door are closed, under the effect of no external force, institute
State closing piece and apply pressure to the free remaining part by self gravitation, lock the first connecting rod, prevent the first connecting rod with
The pin joint of itself and the telescopic driving link free end is the rotary motion of pivot；
When needing to open each bottom door, while the telescopic driving link elongation, the free remaining part rotate counterclockwise,
Highly increase, upward active force applied to the closing piece, under the driving of the upward active force, the closing piece with its with
The pin joint of the fixing end of the driving link turns clockwise for pivot, releases lock of the closing piece to the first connecting rod
After fixed, when stretching motion is continued to do in the free end of the telescopic driving link so that the first side bottom door and second of each bottom door
Side bottom door is stood up to both sides and realizes unlatching respectively using its respective pin joint as pivot；
When needing to close each bottom door, when the telescopic driving link does shortening motion so that the first side of each bottom door
Bottom door and the second side bottom door realize closing by the mutual pairing of pivot of its respective pin joint, meanwhile, it is described telescopic
The free end of driving link drives the free remaining part to touch after the closing piece, and the telescopic driving link continues to do shortening motion
When, the free remaining part turns clockwise, and height reduces, and is locked again by the closing piece.
Preferably, the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism also includes engaging lug, the engaging lug is fixedly connected on described
The fixing end of telescopic driving link, the closing piece is articulated with the engaging lug, the closing piece with the telescopic driving link
The position top of fixed end in contact is rounded, and bottom has tip,
When the closing piece locks the first connecting rod, the closing piece by the tip support residence state it is telescopic former dynamic
The fixing end of part；
When the pin joint of the closing piece using itself and the engaging lug turns clockwise as pivot, the closing piece passes through
The fillet supports the fixing end that telescopic driving link is stated in residence.
Preferably, the free ending tool of the closing piece has downward projection, the free remaining part rotates counterclockwise to jack-up
After the projection, the closing piece turns clockwise, and releases the locking to the first connecting rod.
Preferably, it is described it is raised between the telescopic driving link fixing end have a segment distance.
Preferably, the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism also includes front fork and rotating shaft, the front fork is fixedly connected on institute
The free end of telescopic driving link is stated, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected on the first connecting rod free end, and the front fork is provided with length
Circular hole, the slotted hole has the first half-round, long and narrow portion and the second half-round, first half-round and the second half-round
Diameter is identical with the diameter of the half-round of the rotating shaft, when the rotating shaft be in first half-round at when, the rotating shaft with
Revolute pair is constituted between first half-round, sliding pair is constituted between the rotating shaft and the long and narrow portion, at the rotating shaft
When second half-round, revolute pair is constituted between the rotating shaft and the half-round.
Preferably, the free ending tool of the closing piece has downward projection, the raised both sides gradually become in the gradient
It is narrow.
Preferably, the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism also includes latch hook, the closing piece is in fork-shaped, the latch hook two ends
The both sides of the fork-shaped are individually fixed in, the gap width of the fork-shaped is identical with the width of the free remaining part, the freedom
Remaining part is tilted towards the latch hook direction.
Preferably, the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism also includes the first enabling part, opened for multiple second
Door part and the third multiple enabling part,
The first described enabling part is used to set on the first side bottom door for opening the first bottom door, the first described enabling part
There are the first pin joint, the second pin joint, the 3rd pin joint, between first pin joint and the first connecting rod and second connecting rod
Pin joint overlap, second pin joint is the central rotating shaft of the first enabling part, and the first described enabling part leads to
Cross the 3rd pin joint be articulated with first group of bottom door the first side bottom door；
Second of enabling part is used for the second side bottom door for opening each bottom door, and second of enabling part is provided with
4th pin joint, the 5th pin joint and the 6th pin joint, the 4th pin joint are the pin joint being hinged with the second connecting rod,
5th pin joint is the central rotating shaft of second of enabling part, and the 6th pin joint is the second side with each bottom door
The pin joint that bottom door is hinged；
The third described enabling part be used for open in addition to the first bottom door each bottom door the first side bottom door, it is described the third
Enabling part is provided with the 7th pin joint and the 8th pin joint, and the 7th pin joint is overlapped with the 5th pin joint, described
8th pin joint is the pin joint with the first side bottom door of each bottom door in addition to the first bottom door.
The free end of the first connecting rod for the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the present invention is provided is articulated with telescopic driving link
Free end, first connecting rod is hinged with second connecting rod, between second connecting rod and the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door of each bottom door
Pin joint is respectively provided with, is done in the free end of telescopic driving link during extending or shortening motion, passes through first connecting rod, the
The connecting rod type transmission mechanism that two connecting rods are constituted can：
The the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door that the stretching motion of telescopic driving link is converted into each bottom door are each with its
From pin joint respectively being stood up for pivot to both sides, open each hopper wagon bottom door；
The the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door that the shortening motion of telescopic driving link is converted into each bottom door are each with its
From pin joint centered on mutual pairing motion, close each hopper wagon bottom door；
Therefore, the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the present invention is provided leads on the basis of only one telescopic driving link
Crossing connecting rod type transmission mechanism can be while controls being turned on or off for multiple bottom doors, control system is simple.
The hopper wagon that the present invention is provided has the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the present invention is provided, telescopic at only one
On the basis of driving link, being turned on or off for multiple bottom doors, control system can be controlled simultaneously by connecting rod type transmission mechanism
Simply.
Brief description of the drawings
By reading the detailed description of hereafter preferred embodiment, various other advantages and benefit is common for this area
Technical staff will be clear understanding.Accompanying drawing is only used for showing the purpose of preferred embodiment, and is not considered as to the present invention
Limitation.And in whole accompanying drawing, identical part is denoted by the same reference numerals.In the accompanying drawings：
In the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one, the first bottom door and first connecting rod, second
Matching relationship structural representation between connecting rod, telescopic driving link；
In the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one, the first bottom door, the second bottom door and second
Matching relationship structural representation between connecting rod and each enabling part；
Fig. 3 is the overall structure diagram for the hopper wagon that the embodiment of the present invention two is provided；
Fig. 4 is the close-up schematic view of part A in Fig. 3；
In the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention three, when bottom door is closed
Structural representation；
In the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention three, when bottom door is in opening
Structural representation；
In the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention four, the first bottom door and first connecting rod, second
Matching relationship structural representation between connecting rod, third connecting rod, fourth link, telescopic driving link；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram for the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention five is provided；
Fig. 9 is that the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention five is provided works as telescopic driving link in retracted mode
Structural representation；
Figure 10 is that the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention five is provided works as telescopic driving link in elongate
The structural representation of state.
Embodiment
The present invention is solves the problem of prior art is present there is provided a kind of only by a driving link and cooperating therewith
Transmission mechanism, and realize bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the action of many bottom door coordinated types opens or close and with the bottom door opening and closing machine
The hopper wagon of structure, it can mitigate control system burden simultaneously, to overcome prior art and middle each pair bottom door to be respectively necessary for one
Reservoir drives, the defect for causing control system complicated, thus more suitable for practicality.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention is in order to solve the above technical problems, general thought is as follows：
Embodiment one
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, in order to clearly show the coordinated type bottom for the offer of the embodiment of the present invention one that the present invention is provided
The technical scheme and action process of door open/close machine, accompanying drawing 1 only provide the situation that bottom door is one.
Each bottom door has the first side bottom door 5 and the second side bottom door 31 respectively, and the first side bottom door 5 and the second side bottom door 31 are logical
Cross and stood up to both sides and realize unlatching, by making the first side bottom door 5 and the second side bottom door 31 mutually right with opening reverse action
Close and realize and close, coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism includes telescopic driving link, and (in the present embodiment, telescopic driving link is selected from gas
One kind in cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, jack), connecting rod type transmission mechanism, connecting rod type transmission mechanism connects including first connecting rod 2 and second
Bar 9, is hinged between first connecting rod 2 and second connecting rod 9.(in the present embodiment, telescopic driving link is selected from gas to telescopic driving link
One kind in cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, jack) free end 33 (label 1 represents the fixing end of telescopic driving link) be articulated with first
Pin joint is respectively provided between the first side bottom door 5 and the second side bottom door 31 of the free end of connecting rod 2, second connecting rod 9 and each bottom door.
At telescopic driving link (in the present embodiment, the one kind of telescopic driving link in cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, jack)
During doing stretching motion, driving link driving first connecting rod 2 does rotation counterclockwise by pivot of the pin joint between them
Turn, drive second connecting rod 9 to move, second connecting rod 9 further passes through its first side bottom door 5 and the second side bottom door with each bottom door
Active force is transferred to the first side bottom door 5 and the second side bottom door 31 of each bottom door by the pin joint between 31 so that each bottom door
The first side bottom door 5 and the second side bottom door 31 stood up and realized out to both sides respectively as pivot using its respective pin joint
Open.
At telescopic driving link (in the present embodiment, the one kind of telescopic driving link in cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, jack)
During doing shortening motion, driving link driving first connecting rod 2 does dextrorotation using the pin joint between them as pivot
Turn, drive second connecting rod 9 to move, second connecting rod 9 further passes through its first side bottom door 5 and the second side bottom door with each bottom door
Active force is transferred to the first side bottom door 5 and the second side bottom door 31 of each bottom door by the pin joint between 31 so that each bottom door
The first side bottom door 5 and the second side bottom door 31 realize closing by the mutual pairing of pivot of its respective pin joint.
The free end of the first connecting rod 2 for the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided is articulated with telescopic
The free end 33 of driving link (in the present embodiment, the one kind of telescopic driving link in cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, jack), first
Connecting rod 2 is hinged with second connecting rod 9, is respectively provided between second connecting rod 9 and the first side bottom door 5 and the second side bottom door 31 of each bottom door
Pin joint, at telescopic driving link (in the present embodiment, the one kind of telescopic driving link in cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, jack)
Free end 33 do extend or shorten motion during, pass through first connecting rod 2, second connecting rod 9 constitute link-type be driven
Mechanism can：
By telescopic driving link (in the present embodiment, the one kind of telescopic driving link in cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, jack)
Stretching motion be converted to the first side bottom door 5 and the second side bottom door 31 of each bottom door using its respective pin joint as pivot
Stood up respectively to both sides, open each hopper wagon bottom door；
By telescopic driving link (in the present embodiment, the one kind of telescopic driving link in cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, jack)
Shortening motion be converted to the first side bottom door 5 and the second side bottom door 31 of each bottom door centered on its respective pin joint mutually
The motion of pairing, closes each hopper wagon bottom door；
Therefore, the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided is in only one telescopic driving link (this
In embodiment, the one kind of telescopic driving link in cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, jack) on the basis of, pass through link-type driver
Structure can control being turned on or off for multiple bottom doors simultaneously, and control system is simple.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2, the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided also includes one first
Plant enabling part 6, multiple second of enabling parts 10 and the third multiple enabling part 41.
The first enabling part 6 is used for the first side bottom door 5 for opening the first bottom door, and the first enabling part 6 is provided with the
One pin joint 35, the second pin joint 39, the 3rd pin joint 36, between the first pin joint 35 and first connecting rod 2 and second connecting rod 9
Pin joint is overlapped, and the second pin joint 39 is the central rotating shaft of the first enabling part 6, and the first enabling part 6 is hinged by the 3rd
Point 36 be articulated with first group of bottom door the first side bottom door 5.
Second enabling part 10 is used for the second side bottom door 31 for opening each bottom door, and second of enabling part 10 is provided with the
Four pin joints 37, the 5th pin joint 40 and the 6th pin joint 38, the 4th pin joint 37 are the pin joint being hinged with second connecting rod 9,
5th pin joint 40 is the central rotating shaft of second of enabling part 10, and the 6th pin joint 38 is the second side bottom door 31 with each bottom door
The pin joint being hinged.
The third enabling part 41 is used for the ＇ of the first side bottom door 5 for opening each bottom door in addition to the first bottom door, the third enabling
Part 41 is provided with the 7th pin joint and the 8th pin joint 42, and the 7th pin joint is overlapped with the 5th pin joint 40, the 8th pin joint
42 be the pin joint with the ＇ of the first side bottom door 5 of each bottom door in addition to the first bottom door.
In this case, when second connecting rod 9 is to left movement, the first enabling part 6 is with pin joint 39 in rotation
The heart is turned clockwise, and the first side bottom door 5 of the first bottom door is stood up with pin joint 36 for pivot rotate counterclockwise, is opened；The
Two kinds of enabling parts 10 are turned clockwise with pin joint 40 for pivot, and the second side bottom door of the first bottom door is with pin joint 37
Pivot, which turns clockwise, to stand up, and opens, the opening ways of remaining each second side bottom door 31 and the second side bottom of the first bottom door
The opening ways of door 31 are identical, meanwhile, pin joint 40 itself also does circular motion clockwise；Because pin joint 40 does up time in itself
Pin circular motion, drives the third enabling part 41 also simultaneously with pin joint 40 for pivot rotate counterclockwise, and then drive
The ＇ of the first side bottom door 5 of each bottom door is that pivot rotate counterclockwise is stood up with pin joint 42 in addition to the first bottom door, is opened.
Embodiment two
Referring to accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4, the hopper wagon that the present invention is provided has the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing machine that the present invention is provided
Structure, only one telescopic driving link (in the present embodiment, telescopic driving link in cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, jack one
Kind) on the basis of, being turned on or off for multiple bottom doors, control system letter can be controlled simultaneously by connecting rod type transmission mechanism
It is single.
Further to illustrate the present invention to reach the technological means and effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taken, below in conjunction with
Accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment, to according to its embodiment of coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism proposed by the present invention, structure, feature
And its effect, describe in detail as after.In the following description, what different " embodiment " or " embodiment " referred to is not necessarily same
Embodiment.In addition, the special characteristic, structure or feature in one or more embodiments can be combined by any suitable form.
The terms "and/or", only a kind of incidence relation for describing affiliated partner, represents there may be three kinds of passes
System, for example, A and/or B, is specifically interpreted as：A and B can be included simultaneously, can be with individualism A, can also individualism
B, can possess above-mentioned three kinds of any situations.
Embodiment three
Referring to accompanying drawing 5 and accompanying drawing 6, carried out on the basis of the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided
Improve, the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention three is provided also includes multiple third connecting rods, the first described enabling
Part 6, second of enabling part 10 and the third enabling part 41 with its third connecting rod being hinged respectively by being articulated with each side
Bottom door, now, the first enabling part 6, second of enabling part 10 and the third enabling part 41 are also needed when execution is acted
The active force of action is transferred to each side bottom door by third connecting rod.So that the action for being turned on or off each side bottom door is held
It is more steadily capable.
Wherein, in the present embodiment, third connecting rod is scalable, so that, when each bottom door is closed, according to each side bottom
The gap of Men Yuqi offside bottom doors, by the length of the telescopic adjustment third connecting rod, adjust each side bottom door and its offside bottom door it
Between gap, it is to avoid due to hopper wagon be used for a long time during both sides bottom door due to gap increases caused by abrasion the problem of,
Loose goods are avoided to be spilt from the gap between the bottom door of both sides.
Specific to the present embodiment, the third connecting rod includes the ＇ of 7 and second end of first end 7, and the first end 7 is used for and each side bottom
Door hinge connects, and second end 7 ＇ is used to cut with scissors with the first enabling part 6, second of enabling part 10 and the third enabling part 41
Connect, connected between the ＇ of 7 and second end of first end 7 by screw thread pair, wherein, first end 7 is provided with external screw thread, and in the ＇ of the second end 7
The heart, which is provided with blind hole, blind hole, is provided with internal thread.It is connected through a screw thread not only easy to connect, screw thread pair can also be provided accordingly in itself
Active force.The length of third connecting rod can continuously be adjusted, and be unlikely in two regulations by the connection of screw thread pair
Occur between length it is out of stock so that, more accurately ensure the sealing property between each side bottom door and its offside bottom door.
In addition, the first end 7 of the third connecting rod can also be connected by buckle with the ＇ of the second end 7, in this case, it is
Enough rigid active forces can be provided, it is necessary to be set in 7 and second end of first end 7 ＇ junction by ensureing the third connecting rod
Multiple clamps, still, because clamp can not continuously be set, be easily caused occur between two adjustment lengths it is out of stock, when each side
When wear extent between bottom door and its offside bottom door is less than the distance between two neighboring clamp, it is difficult to right with it to each side bottom door
Gap between the bottom door of side is adjusted.
Example IV
Referring to accompanying drawing 7, it is improved on the basis of the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention three is provided, this
Inventive embodiments four provide coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism also include fourth link 4, first connecting rod 2 by fourth link 4 with
Second connecting rod 9 is hinged, and the pin joint between first connecting rod 2 and fourth link 4 is 71, now, first connecting rod 2 and fourth link 4
The structure of composition is similar to the arm of people, and pin joint 35 is similar to human hand, so that, more easily gearing power.
Embodiment five
Referring to accompanying drawing 8~10, the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism of any offer in the embodiment of the present invention one, three, four
On the basis of be improved, the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention five is provided also includes closing piece 14, and closing piece 14 is hinged
In the fixing end 1 of telescopic driving link, first connecting rod 2 at the pin joint of telescopic driving link with being provided with free remaining part 13.
When the first side bottom door 5 (5 ＇) of each bottom door and the second side bottom door 31 are closed, in not outer masterpiece
Under, closing piece 14 by self gravitation to free remaining part 13 apply pressure, lock first connecting rod 2, prevent first connecting rod 2 with its with
The pin joint of telescopic driving link free end 33 is the rotary motion of pivot；
When needing to open each bottom door, while telescopic driving link 33 extends, the free rotate counterclockwise of remaining part 13, height
Increase, applies upward active force to closing piece 14, under the driving of upward active force, and closing piece 14 is with its fixation with driving link
The pin joint at end 1 turns clockwise for pivot, after releasing closing piece 14 to the locking of first connecting rod 2, telescopic driving link
When stretching motion is continued to do in free end 33 so that the first side bottom door 5 (5 ＇) of each bottom door and the second side bottom door 31 with its each
Pin joint stood up respectively to both sides for pivot and realize unlatching.
When needing to close each bottom door, when telescopic driving link 33 does shortening motion so that the first side bottom of each bottom door
5 (5 ＇) of door and the second side bottom door 31 realize closing by the mutual pairing of pivot of its respective pin joint, meanwhile, it is telescopic
The free end 33 of driving link drives free remaining part 13 to touch after closing piece 14, when telescopic driving link continues to do shortening motion, from
Turned clockwise by remaining part 13, height reduces, and is locked again by closing piece 14.
In the case of the present embodiment, due to the effect of closing piece 14, it is necessary to moved by the sufficiently large telescopic original of active force driving
The athleticism of part causes closing piece 14 to the locking of first connecting rod 2, unblock, is locked again, can prevent first connecting rod 2 by
Each bottom door is set surprisingly to be turned on or off during to accidental action power.
Wherein, there can be larger frictional force between free remaining part 13 and the contact surface of closing piece 14, so, more reduce
First connecting rod 2 when by accidental action power makes each bottom door surprisingly be turned on or off.In order to realize this purpose, it is necessary to should
Contact surface is made up of damping material, such as rubber, or mutability flexible material, so, when acting power between them
When, the material compressive deformation of the mutability is caused first, then it is applied after bigger active force, just can receive first connecting rod 2
Through active force is transferred into each side bottom door by connecting rod type transmission mechanism after to active force, each side bottom door is turned on or off.
Wherein, the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention five is provided also includes engaging lug 83, and engaging lug 83 is consolidated
Surely it is connected to the fixing end 1 of telescopic driving link, closing piece 14 is articulated with engaging lug 83, closing piece 14 is consolidated with telescopic driving link
The position top rounded 84 that fixed end 1 is contacted, bottom has tip 85, and when closing piece 14 locks first connecting rod 2, closing piece 14 passes through
Support the work produced between the fixing end 1 of the fixing end 1 of the telescopic driving link 85 pairs of telescopic driving links in tip in tip 85
Closing piece 14 can be firmly prevented to continue to continue to do counterclockwise movement as pivot using its pin joint between engaging lug 83, from
And, when not having holding power below closing piece 14, closing piece 14 remains able to keep horizontality by its own gravity, without
It can be further continued for moving downward, and then touch the free end 33 of telescopic driving link, cause when needing to close each side bottom door
The free remaining part 13 of one connecting rod 2 is stopped by closing piece 14 and is difficult to keep in the center.When closing piece 14 is with its pin joint with engaging lug 83
When being turned clockwise for pivot, closing piece 14 supports the fixing end 1 of telescopic driving link by fillet, so that, work as closing piece
14 by the upward jack-up of free remaining part 13 of first connecting rod 2 and when doing clockwise movement, moves more steady.
In the present embodiment, the free ending tool of closing piece 14 has downward projection 87, and free remaining part 13 rotates counterclockwise to jack-up
After projection 87, closing piece 14 turns clockwise, and releases the locking to first connecting rod 2.In this case, without in closing piece 14 and
Damping material is set between the free remaining part of one connecting rod 2, and passes through the stop of 87 pairs of free motions of remaining parts 13 of the projection, you can is kept away
Exempt from first connecting rod 2 due to the involuntary maneuver by accidental action power, and then cause each side bottom door to be opened accidentally.
In the present embodiment, there is a segment distance between projection 87 and telescopic driving link fixing end 1, exist in this segment distance
In the case of, the free end 33 of telescopic driving link is needed with could apply jack-up to closing piece 14 after certain stroke
Active force, also for avoiding first connecting rod 2 due to the involuntary maneuver by accidental action power, and then causes each side bottom door unexpected
Open.
The coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the present embodiment is provided also includes front fork 11 and rotating shaft 81, and front fork 11 is fixedly connected on
The free end 33 of telescopic driving link, rotating shaft 81 is fixedly connected on the free end of first connecting rod 2, and front fork 11 is provided with slotted hole 12,
Slotted hole 12 has the first half-round, long and narrow portion and the second half-round, the diameter and rotating shaft of the first half-round and the second half-round
The diameter of 81 half-round is identical, when rotating shaft 81 is at the first half-round, constitutes and turns between the half-round of rotating shaft 81 and first
Dynamic pair, sliding pair is constituted between rotating shaft 81 and long and narrow portion, when rotating shaft 81 is in the second half-round, between rotating shaft 81 and half-round
Constitute revolute pair.In this case, even if first connecting rod 2 drives the arrival quilt of closing piece 14 by the free end 33 of telescopic driving link
The critical localisation of jack-up, the free end 33 of telescopic driving link also needs to continue to extend one section equivalent to the long and narrow portion of slotted hole 12
Length distance, can just make first connecting rod 2 to closing piece 14 apply jack-up active force, make the last solution of closing piece 14 remove to first connect
The locking of bar 2.Also for avoiding first connecting rod 2 due to the involuntary maneuver by accidental action power, and then cause each side bottom door
It is opened accidentally.
In the present embodiment, the free ending tool of closing piece 14 has downward projection 87, and the both sides of projection 87 gradually become in the gradient
It is narrow.In this case, the free remaining part 13 of first connecting rod 2 is from locked state to jack-up closing piece 14, or first connecting rod 2
It from the state being unlocked in being returned to again locked state procedure, can realize gentle excessive, make each side
Bottom door can gradually be opened, and be unlikely to the situation that occurs being opened suddenly.
Embodiment six
Referring to accompanying drawing 8~10, changed on the basis of the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention five is provided
Enter, the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism that the embodiment of the present invention six is provided also includes latch hook 15, closing piece 14 is in fork-shaped, the two ends of latch hook 15
The both sides of fork-shaped are individually fixed in, the gap width of fork-shaped is identical with the width of free remaining part 13, free remaining part 13 is towards latch hook
Direction is tilted.Because the width of free remaining part 13 is identical with fork-shaped gap width, first connecting rod 2 can be avoided in the axle of latch hook 15
To shaking so that more stablize during the coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism execution action that the embodiment of the present invention six is provided；Due to
Free remaining part 13 is tilted towards latch hook direction, even if the free remaining part 13 of first connecting rod 2 has touched latch hook 15 in advance, also can be by
Latch hook 15 tangles and can not jack-up closing piece 14, it is impossible to release locking of the closing piece 14 to first connecting rod 2, its purpose is still to keep away
Exempt from first connecting rod 2 due to the involuntary maneuver by accidental action power, and then cause each side bottom door to be opened accidentally.
, but those skilled in the art once know basic creation although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described
Property concept, then can make other change and modification to these embodiments.So, appended claims are intended to be construed to include excellent
Select embodiment and fall into having altered and changing for the scope of the invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out the essence of various changes and modification without departing from the present invention to the present invention
God and scope.So, if these modifications and variations of the present invention belong to the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to comprising including these changes and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism, each bottom door has the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door respectively, described
First side bottom door and the second side bottom door realize unlatching by being stood up to both sides, by making described first with opening reverse action
Side bottom door and the second mutual pairing of side bottom door and realize closing, it is characterised in that including telescopic driving link, link-type driver
Structure, the connecting rod type transmission mechanism includes first connecting rod and second connecting rod, is hinged between the first connecting rod and second connecting rod,
The free end of the telescopic driving link is articulated with the free end of the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod and each bottom door
The first side bottom door and the second side bottom door between be respectively provided with pin joint,
During the telescopic driving link does stretching motion, the driving link drives the first connecting rod between them
Pin joint do rotate counterclockwise for pivot, drive the second connecting rod motion, the second connecting rod is further by it
Active force is transferred to the first side of each bottom door by the pin joint between the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door of each bottom door
Bottom door and the second side bottom door so that during the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door of each bottom door are using its respective pin joint as rotation
The heart stands up to both sides and realizes unlatching respectively；
During the telescopic driving link does shortening motion, the driving link drives the first connecting rod between them
Pin joint turn clockwise for pivot, drive the second connecting rod motion, the second connecting rod is further by it
Active force is transferred to the first side of each bottom door by the pin joint between the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door of each bottom door
Bottom door and the second side bottom door so that during the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door of each bottom door are using its respective pin joint as rotation
The mutual pairing of the heart and realize closing.
2. coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including closing piece, the closing piece hinge
The fixing end of the telescopic driving link is connected to, the first connecting rod at the pin joint of the telescopic driving link with being provided with freely
Remaining part,
When the first side bottom door and the second side bottom door of each bottom door are closed, under the effect of no external force, the lock
Block applies pressure by self gravitation to the free remaining part, locks the first connecting rod, prevent the first connecting rod with its with
The pin joint of the telescopic driving link free end is the rotary motion of pivot；
When needing to open each bottom door, while the telescopic driving link elongation, the free remaining part rotate counterclockwise, height
Increase, upward active force is applied to the closing piece, under the driving of the upward active force, the closing piece with its with it is described
The pin joint of the fixing end of driving link turns clockwise for pivot, releases locking of the closing piece to the first connecting rod
Afterwards, when stretching motion is continued to do in the free end of the telescopic driving link so that the first side bottom door of each bottom door and the second side
Bottom door is stood up to both sides and realizes unlatching respectively using its respective pin joint as pivot；
When needing to close each bottom door, when the telescopic driving link does shortening motion so that the first side bottom door of each bottom door
Closing is realized by the mutual pairing of pivot of its respective pin joint with the second side bottom door, meanwhile, it is described telescopic former dynamic
The free end of part drives the free remaining part to touch after the closing piece, when the telescopic driving link continues to do shortening motion,
The free remaining part turns clockwise, and height reduces, and is locked again by the closing piece.
3. coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also including engaging lug, the connection
Ear is fixedly connected on the fixing end of the telescopic driving link, and the closing piece is articulated with the engaging lug, the closing piece with institute
The position top for stating the fixation end in contact of telescopic driving link is rounded, and bottom has tip,
When the closing piece locks the first connecting rod, the closing piece supports residence by the tip and states telescopic driving link
Fixing end；
When the pin joint of the closing piece using itself and the engaging lug turns clockwise as pivot, the closing piece passes through described
Fillet supports the fixing end that telescopic driving link is stated in residence.
4. coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the free ending tool of the closing piece is oriented
Under projection, the free remaining part rotated counterclockwise to after projection described in jack-up, and the closing piece turns clockwise, and is released to described
The locking of first connecting rod.
5. coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the described raised and telescopic original
There is a segment distance between moving part fixing end.
6. coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described also including front fork and rotating shaft
Front fork is fixedly connected on the free end of the telescopic driving link, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected on the first connecting rod free end,
The front fork is provided with slotted hole, and the slotted hole has the first half-round, long and narrow portion and the second half-round, first semicircle
The diameter of portion and the second half-round is identical with the diameter of the half-round of the rotating shaft, when the rotating shaft is in first half-round
During place, revolute pair is constituted between the rotating shaft and first half-round, constitutes and slides between the rotating shaft and the long and narrow portion
Pair, when the rotating shaft is in second half-round, revolute pair is constituted between the rotating shaft and the half-round.
7. coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the free ending tool of the closing piece is oriented
Under projection, the raised both sides become narrow gradually in the gradient.
8. coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also including latch hook, the closing piece is in
Fork-shaped, the latch hook two ends are individually fixed in the both sides of the fork-shaped, the gap width of the fork-shaped and the free remaining part
Width is identical, and the free remaining part is tilted towards the latch hook direction.
9. coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including the first door opening portion
Part, multiple second of enabling parts and the third multiple enabling part,
The first described enabling part is used for the first side bottom door for opening the first bottom door, and the first described enabling part is provided with the
One pin joint, the second pin joint, the 3rd pin joint, the hinge between first pin joint and the first connecting rod and second connecting rod
Contact is overlapped, and second pin joint is the central rotating shaft of the first enabling part, and the first described enabling part passes through institute
State the 3rd pin joint be articulated with first group of bottom door the first side bottom door；
Second of enabling part is used for the second side bottom door for opening each bottom door, and second of enabling part is provided with the 4th
Pin joint, the 5th pin joint and the 6th pin joint, the 4th pin joint are the pin joint being hinged with the second connecting rod, described
5th pin joint is the central rotating shaft of second of enabling part, and the 6th pin joint is the second side bottom door with each bottom door
The pin joint being hinged；
The third described enabling part is used for the first side bottom door for opening each bottom door in addition to the first bottom door, the third described enabling
Part is provided with the 7th pin joint and the 8th pin joint, and the 7th pin joint is overlapped with the 5th pin joint, and the described 8th
Pin joint is the pin joint with the first side bottom door of each bottom door in addition to the first bottom door.
10. a kind of hopper wagon, it is characterised in that including any described coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism in claim 1~9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510319189.5A CN104875756B (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2015-06-11 | A kind of coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism and hopper wagon |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510319189.5A CN104875756B (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2015-06-11 | A kind of coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism and hopper wagon |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104875756A CN104875756A (en) | 2015-09-02 |
| CN104875756B true CN104875756B (en) | 2017-10-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201510319189.5A Active CN104875756B (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2015-06-11 | A kind of coordinated type bottom door opening and closing mechanism and hopper wagon |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105460029B (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2018-03-02 | 中车长江车辆有限公司 | A kind of hopper wagon |
| CN106580099A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-04-26 | 金陵科技学院 | Tea leaf quantitative adder |
| US10906561B2 (en) | 2018-08-23 | 2021-02-02 | Gunderson Llc | Discharge gate arrangements for railroad hopper cars |
| CN111038535B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-04-13 | 中车长江车辆有限公司 | Locking device and hopper car |
| CN113460099B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-11-21 | 中车长江车辆有限公司 | Bottom door opening and closing system and railway hopper car |
| CN114148359B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-11-03 | 国能铁路装备有限责任公司 | Bottom door opening and closing mechanism, bottom door device and hopper car |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104875756A (en) | 2015-09-02 |
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Address after: 430212 Jiangxia Economic Development Zone, Wuhan, the new bridge area of the city of Hubei Applicant after: CRRC YANGTZE CO., LTD. Address before: 430212 Jiangxia Economic Development Zone, Wuhan, the new bridge area of the city of Hubei Applicant before: China South Locomotive & Rolling Stock Changjiang Vehicle Company |
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