CN104873262A - 即时加压髋螺钉钢板及*** - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域,尤其涉及一种即时加压髋螺钉钢板及***,包括:锁定加压钢板、钢板套筒、拉力螺钉和加压螺钉,钢板套筒包括上通孔和下通孔,拉力螺钉体部设有齿牙,加压钢板和钢板套筒固定连接,拉力螺钉穿设在上通孔内,加压螺钉穿设在下通孔内,加压螺钉螺纹部与拉力螺钉体部的齿牙相啮合,加压钢板和钢板套筒的连接部设有用于固定加压螺钉的固定装置。本发明提供的一种即时加压髋螺钉钢板及***,避免了一般双螺钉***“Z字效应”,避免了单螺钉因锚合力不足导致的抗旋转能力差;在拧入加压螺钉时产生骨折处显著的线性加压,且这种加压是直接持续有效并且可控制的加压,从根本上杜绝了DHS因过度滑动导致的内固定失败。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域,尤其涉及一种即时加压髋螺钉钢板及***,特别是一种从根本上杜绝了DHS因过度滑动导致的内固定失败的即时加压髋螺钉钢板及***。
背景技术
股骨粗隆间骨折多发于高龄患者,高龄人群骨质疏松也成为股骨粗隆间骨折的一大原因。股骨粗隆间骨折是老年人最常见的骨折之一,死亡率高。早期手术有助于减少并发症,降低患者死亡率。目前治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的方法较多,如角钢板内固定、髁钢板内固定、鹅头钉内固定、交锁钉内固定、动力加压髋螺钉固定、Richard钉板***等。治疗方法的多样性凸显出此类损伤治疗的难度,因此正确的治疗高龄人群股骨粗隆间骨折是每个骨科医生所要面临的重要课题。
在上述方法中,动力加压髋螺钉固定是目前临床上比较常用的方法。动力加压髋螺钉由滑动加压螺纹钉、套筒接骨板、尾部加压螺丝和接骨板钉构成。动力加压髋螺钉螺纹钉沿套筒滑动,对骨折端产生动力性跟进加压作用,增加骨折部稳定性,促进骨折愈合。但是,在使用实践中发现,动力加压髋螺钉固定会出现过度滑动,导致内固定失败。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是:为了从根本上杜绝动力加压髋螺钉因过度滑动导致的内固定失败的问题,本发明提供了一种即时加压髋螺钉钢板及***,可以在上通孔中拧入拉力螺钉,对骨折处进行固定,然后可以采用和拉力螺钉相啮合的加压螺钉进行加压,产生骨折处显著的线性加压,且这种加压是直接持续有效并且可控制的加压,有利于骨折的愈合,从根本上杜绝了DHS因过度滑动导致的内固定失败。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种即时加压髋螺钉钢板,包括:
侧方锁定加压钢板,所述侧方锁定加压钢板上设有若干个用于将侧方锁定加压钢板固定在股骨近端的骨干上的固定孔,
侧方钢板套筒,所述侧方钢板套筒轴线方向设有上通孔和下通孔,所述上通孔和下通孔相连通,形成“”字形通孔,
所述侧方锁定加压钢板和侧方钢板套筒固定连接,使侧方锁定加压钢板和侧方钢板套筒之间的夹角与股骨近端的骨干和股骨颈之间的夹角相匹配。
具体地,所述侧方锁定加压钢板与股骨近端的骨干的接触面呈弧面。
作为优选,所述接触面的曲率半径小于股骨近端的骨干的曲率半径。
作为优选,所述侧方锁定加压钢板与股骨近端的骨干相接触的边缘处倒有圆角。
作为优选,所述接触面的空间几何学形态与股骨近端的骨干表面形态相匹配。
作为优选,所述侧方锁定加压钢板和侧方钢板套筒之间的夹角为125°-130°。
作为优选,所述侧方锁定加压钢板和侧方钢板套筒之间的夹角为°。
作为优选,所述侧方锁定加压钢板和侧方钢板套筒一体成型。
作为优选,所述侧方锁定加压钢板和侧方钢板套筒之间的角度可调整。
一种即时加压髋螺钉***,包括:
上述的即时加压髋螺钉钢板,
拉力螺钉,所述拉力螺钉包括拉力螺钉体部和拉力螺钉螺纹部,所述拉力螺钉体部设有齿牙,和
加压螺钉,所述加压螺钉包括加压螺钉头部和加压螺钉螺纹部,
所述拉力螺钉穿设在上通孔内,加压螺钉穿设在下通孔内,所述加压螺钉螺纹部与拉力螺钉体部的齿牙相啮合,所述侧方锁定加压钢板和侧方钢板套筒的连接部设有用于固定加压螺钉的固定装置。
具体地,所述固定装置包括设置在侧方锁定加压钢板和侧方钢板套筒连接处的螺孔,以及可拆卸设置在螺孔内的锁定螺钉,所述锁定螺钉包括钉帽和钉身,钉身螺设在螺孔内时,钉帽与加压螺钉的下边缘接触,并将加压螺钉固定在下通孔内。
具体地,所述拉力螺钉体部设有齿牙的一侧设有便于所述加压螺钉螺纹部与齿牙相啮合的弧形槽。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明提供的一种即时加压髋螺钉钢板,避免了一般双螺钉***“Z字效应”的同时,又避免了单螺钉因锚合力不足导致的抗旋转能力差;侧方锁定加压钢板和侧方钢板套筒之间的夹角为125°-130°,避免了在股骨头颈上半部分的骨质相对较疏松时,拉力螺钉位于此区域时容易出现螺钉切割等并发症;接触面的曲率半径小于股骨近端的骨干的曲率半径,钢板的两边缘接触骨骼,形成了双线接触,因而减少了接触面积,防止钢板对骨膜的压迫及局部血运的破坏;同时在双线相接触的边缘处倒有圆角,降低了侧方锁定加压钢板对骨膜形成的切迹;
本发明提供的一种即时加压髋螺钉***,在拧入加压螺钉时产生骨折处显著的线性加压,且这种加压是直接持续有效并且可控制的加压,有利于骨折的愈合,从根本上杜绝了DHS因过度滑动导致的内固定失败;通过拧紧侧方锁定加压钢板上的锁定螺钉,利用锁定螺钉固定联合交锁螺钉组,侧方钢板套筒内的加压螺钉停止滑动,使内固定***构成一个整体,达到生物力学的稳定。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图1是本发明的一体成型的即时加压髋螺钉钢板的立体图;
图2是图1的后视图;
图3是本发明的即时加压髋螺钉***的立体图;
图4是本发明的拉力螺钉和加压螺钉相啮合的立体图;
图5是本发明的拉力螺钉的立体图;
图6是本发明的加压螺钉的立体图;
图7是本发明的锁定螺钉的立体图。
图中:1.侧方锁定加压钢板,11.固定孔,2.侧方钢板套筒,21.上通孔,22.下通孔,3.拉力螺钉,31.拉力螺钉体部,32.拉力螺钉螺纹部,33.齿牙,34.弧形槽,4.加压螺钉,41.加压螺钉头部,42.加压螺钉螺纹部,5.螺孔,6.锁定螺钉,61.钉帽,62.钉身,7.接触面。
具体实施方式
现在结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的说明。这些附图均为简化的示意图,仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构,因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。
如图1、图2所示,一种即时加压髋螺钉钢板,其特征在于包括:
侧方锁定加压钢板1,侧方锁定加压钢板1上设有若干个用于将侧方锁定加压钢板1固定在股骨近端的骨干上的固定孔11,
侧方钢板套筒2,侧方钢板套筒2轴线方向设有上通孔21和下通孔22,上通孔21和下通孔22相连通,形成“8”字形通孔,
侧方锁定加压钢板1和侧方钢板套筒2固定连接,使侧方锁定加压钢板1和侧方钢板套筒2之间的夹角与股骨近端的骨干和股骨颈之间的夹角相匹配。
在一种具体实施方式中,为了保证侧方锁定加压钢板1与股骨近端的骨干充分接触,提高其固定效果,侧方锁定加压钢板1与股骨近端的骨干的接触面7呈弧面,接触面7的空间几何学形态与股骨近端的骨干表面形态相匹配。
在一种具体实施方式中,侧方锁定加压钢板1与股骨近端的骨干的接触面7呈弧面,接触面7的曲率半径小于股骨近端的骨干的曲率半径。钢板的两边缘接触骨骼,形成了双线接触,因而减少了接触面积,防止钢板对骨膜的压迫及局部血运的破坏。
作为优选,侧方锁定加压钢板1与股骨近端的骨干相接触的边缘处倒有圆角,降低了侧方锁定加压钢板对骨膜形成的切迹
在一种具体实施方式中,侧方锁定加压钢板1和侧方钢板套筒2之间的夹角为125°-130°。优选127°,避免了在股骨头颈上半部分的骨质相对较疏松时,拉力螺钉位于此区域时容易出现螺钉切割等并发症。
如图1、图2所示,在一种具体实施方式中,侧方锁定加压钢板1和侧方钢板套筒2一体成型。
在一种具体实施方式中,侧方锁定加压钢板1和侧方钢板套筒2之间的角度可调整。可根据不同患者的股骨差异进行调整侧方锁定加压钢板1和侧方钢板套筒2之间的角度,扩大其适用性。这种可调整结构可以是中国专利CN2852972Y公开的结构,也可以是其他结构。
如图3至图7所示,一种即时加压髋螺钉***,包括:
上述的即时加压髋螺钉钢板,
拉力螺钉3,拉力螺钉3包括拉力螺钉体部31和拉力螺钉螺纹部32,拉力螺钉体部31设有齿牙33,和
加压螺钉4,加压螺钉4包括加压螺钉头部41和加压螺钉螺纹部42,
拉力螺钉3穿设在上通孔21内,加压螺钉4穿设在下通孔22内,加压螺钉螺纹部42与拉力螺钉体部31的齿牙33相啮合,侧方锁定加压钢板1和侧方钢板套筒2的连接部设有用于固定加压螺钉4的固定装置。
在一种具体实施方式中,固定装置可以是:包括设置在侧方锁定加压钢板1和侧方钢板套筒2连接处的螺孔5,以及可拆卸设置在螺孔5内的锁定螺钉6,锁定螺钉6包括钉帽61和钉身62,钉身62螺设在螺孔5内时,钉帽61与加压螺钉4的下边缘接触,并将加压螺钉4固定在下通孔22内。也可以为其他的固定装置,只要能达到将调整好位置的加压螺钉4固定在下通孔22内的目的即可。
如图5所示,在一种具体实施方式中,可以在拉力螺钉体部31设有齿牙33的一侧设有便于加压螺钉螺纹部42与齿牙33相啮合的弧形槽34。可以使加压螺钉螺纹部42与齿牙33之间啮合更充分,有利于加压的稳定性,其中弧形槽34的弧度最好与加压螺钉螺纹部42的外径相匹配,也可以设置成弧形槽34的弧度大于加压螺钉螺纹部42的外径。
其使用过程或原理为:
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示,通过上述的说明内容,相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内,进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容,必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。
Claims (11)
1.一种即时加压髋螺钉钢板,其特征在于包括:
侧方锁定加压钢板(1),所述侧方锁定加压钢板(1)上设有若干个用于将侧方锁定加压钢板(1)固定在股骨近端的骨干上的固定孔(11),
侧方钢板套筒(2),所述侧方钢板套筒(2)轴线方向设有上通孔(21)和下通孔(22),所述上通孔(21)和下通孔(22)相连通,形成“8”字形通孔,
所述侧方锁定加压钢板(1)和侧方钢板套筒(2)固定连接,使侧方锁定加压钢板(1)和侧方钢板套筒(2)之间的夹角与股骨近端的骨干和股骨颈之间的夹角相匹配。
2.如权利要求1所述的即时加压髋螺钉钢板,其特征在于:所述侧方锁定加压钢板(1)与股骨近端的骨干的接触面(7)呈弧面。
3.如权利要求2所述的即时加压髋螺钉钢板,其特征在于:所述接触面(7)的曲率半径小于股骨近端的骨干的曲率半径。
4.如权利要求3所述的即时加压髋螺钉钢板,其特征在于:所述侧方锁定加压钢板(1)与股骨近端的骨干相接触的边缘处倒有圆角。
5.如权利要求2所述的即时加压髋螺钉钢板,其特征在于:所述接触面(7)的空间几何学形态与股骨近端的骨干表面形态相匹配。
6.如权利要求1所述的即时加压髋螺钉钢板,其特征在于:所述侧方锁定加压钢板(1)和侧方钢板套筒(2)之间的夹角为125°-130°。
7.如权利要求6所述的即时加压髋螺钉钢板,其特征在于:所述侧方锁定加压钢板(1)和侧方钢板套筒(2)之间的夹角为127°。
8.如权利要求1-6任一项所述的即时加压髋螺钉,其特征在于:所述侧方锁定加压钢板(1)和侧方钢板套筒(2)之间的角度可调整。
9.一种即时加压髋螺钉***,其特征在于包括:
如权利要求1-8任一项所述的即时加压髋螺钉钢板,
拉力螺钉(3),所述拉力螺钉(3)包括拉力螺钉体部(31)和拉力螺钉螺纹部(32),所述拉力螺钉体部(31)设有齿牙(33),和
加压螺钉(4),所述加压螺钉(4)包括加压螺钉头部(41)和加压螺钉螺纹部(42),
所述拉力螺钉(3)穿设在上通孔(21)内,加压螺钉(4)穿设在下通孔(22)内,所述加压螺钉螺纹部(42)与拉力螺钉体部(31)的齿牙(33)相啮合,所述侧方锁定加压钢板(1)和侧方钢板套筒(2)的连接部设有用于固定加压螺钉(4)的固定装置。
10.如权利要求9所述的即时加压髋螺钉***,其特征在于:所述固定装置包括设置在侧方锁定加压钢板(1)和侧方钢板套筒(2)连接处的螺孔(5),以及可拆卸设置在螺孔(5)内的锁定螺钉(6),所述锁定螺钉(6)包括钉帽(61)和钉身(62),钉身(62)螺设在螺孔(5)内时,钉帽(61)与加压螺钉(4)的下边缘接触,并将加压螺钉(4)固定在下通孔(22)内。
11.如权利要求9或10所述的即时加压髋螺钉,其特征在于:所述拉力螺钉体部(31)设有齿牙(33)的一侧设有便于所述加压螺钉螺纹部(42)与齿牙(33)相啮合的弧形槽(34)。
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